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Sengupta R, Tikekar MD, Delaney KT, Villet MC, Fredrickson GH. Interfacial reaction-induced roughening in polymer thin films. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:2936-2950. [PMID: 35348172 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00150k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Reactive blending of immiscible polymers is an important process for synthesizing polymer blends with superior properties. We use a phase-field model to understand reaction dynamics and morphology evolution by diffusive transport in layered films of incompatible, end-reactive polymers. We thoroughly investigate this phenomenon over a large parameter space of interface shapes, layer thicknesses, reaction rates specified by a Damkohler number (Daf), and Flory-Huggins interaction parameter (χ), under static conditions with no external fields. For films of the same thickness, the dynamics of the system is not significantly influenced by the length of the film or the initial shape of the interface. The interface between the polymers is observed to roughen, leading to the formation of a spontaneous emulsion. The reaction progresses slower and the interface roughens later for thicker films, and systems with higher χ. Increasing Daf increases the reaction rate and hastens the onset of roughening. The quasi-static interfacial tension decreases with the extent of reaction, but does not become vanishingly small or negative at the onset of roughening. Simulations with reversible reactions and systems where only a fraction of the homopolymers have reactive end groups show that a critical diblock (reaction product) concentration exists, below which interfacial roughening and spontaneous emulsification is not observed. We also demonstrate that thermal fluctuations accelerate the onset of interfacial roughening, and help sustain the system in an emulsified state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajarshi Sengupta
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
| | - Mukul D Tikekar
- DSM Materials Science Center, Royal DSM, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Kris T Delaney
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
| | | | - Glenn H Fredrickson
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
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2
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Improved antibacterial and mechanical performances of carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber via interface reaction of oxidized starch. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 259:117739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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3
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Das Karmakar P, Shukla A, Maiti P, Chatterjee S, Pal S. Reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer‐mediated bioconjugated amphiphilic graft‐block copolymer using dextran, poly (
N
‐isopropylacrylamide), and poly (vinyl acetate). J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Puja Das Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad Dhanbad Jharkhand India
| | - Aparna Shukla
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Pralay Maiti
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Soumit Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad Dhanbad Jharkhand India
| | - Sagar Pal
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad Dhanbad Jharkhand India
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4
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Dong W, He M, Ren F, Li Y, Hanada T, Lee S, Hakukawa H, Yamahira N, Horiuchi S. Interfacial stability of compatibilizers dictated by the thermodynamic interactions in an immiscible system and the effects of micelles on the crystallization of PLLA. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20190006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyong Dong
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHangzhou Normal University, No.16 Xuelin Road Hangzhou 310036 China
- Research Laboratory for Adhesion and Interfacial Phenomena (AIRL), AIST, 1‐1‐1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐0031 Japan
| | - Meifeng He
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHangzhou Normal University, No.16 Xuelin Road Hangzhou 310036 China
| | - Fanglu Ren
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHangzhou Normal University, No.16 Xuelin Road Hangzhou 310036 China
| | - Yongjin Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHangzhou Normal University, No.16 Xuelin Road Hangzhou 310036 China
| | - Takeshi Hanada
- Research Laboratory for Adhesion and Interfacial Phenomena (AIRL), AIST, 1‐1‐1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐0031 Japan
| | - Sungdoke Lee
- Research Laboratory for Adhesion and Interfacial Phenomena (AIRL), AIST, 1‐1‐1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐0031 Japan
| | - Hideki Hakukawa
- Research Laboratory for Adhesion and Interfacial Phenomena (AIRL), AIST, 1‐1‐1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐0031 Japan
| | - Naohiro Yamahira
- Research Laboratory for Adhesion and Interfacial Phenomena (AIRL), AIST, 1‐1‐1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐0031 Japan
| | - Shin Horiuchi
- Research Laboratory for Adhesion and Interfacial Phenomena (AIRL), AIST, 1‐1‐1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐0031 Japan
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5
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Xing JY, Xue YH, Lu ZY, Liu H. In-Depth Analysis of Supramolecular Interfacial Polymerization via a Computer Simulation Strategy. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yuan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Yao-Hong Xue
- Information Science School, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangzhou 510320, China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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6
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Lu B, Lamnawar K, Maazouz A. Rheological and dynamic insights into an in situ reactive interphase with graft copolymers in multilayered polymer systems. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:2523-2535. [PMID: 28317970 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02658c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We provide rheological and dynamic insights into the role of an in situ reactive interphase with graft copolymers in multilayered polymer systems, using a polyamide-6 (PA6)/maleic anhydride grafted poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF-g-MAH) bilayer as a model. Firstly, the influence of the reactive interphase on macroscopic melt flow behavior was studied. The in situ generated interphase from coupling reactions in bilayers significantly contributed to overall viscoelastic responses in both linear and nonlinear regimes. Specifically, under fast extensional flows, the reactively healed bilayer showed enhanced strain hardening mainly due to the formed graft copolymers in the interphase. Secondly, the evolution of a reactive interphase and its effects on microscopic dynamics and structural properties were further probed using dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS). Interestingly, the reactive interphase drastically altered the dielectric responses of the bilayer upon healing, manifesting in the distinct interfacial relaxation/polarization. The relaxation strength of the interfacial polarization increased linearly as a function of reaction time, and was further improved by increasing the number of layers. In agreement with the rheology, DRS also demonstrated the retarded microscopic dynamics of a reactive interphase in healed bilayers. Using the dielectric molecular relaxation spectrum as a probe for the structure, the effects of the reactive interphase on charge dynamics and the resulting structural properties of bilayers were further evaluated. These findings are aimed at providing a better understanding of the effects of the reactive interphase on rheology, dynamics and dielectric properties, towards controlling the interface/interphase in multi micro-/nano-layered polymer structures and for further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lu
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, INSA Lyon, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Khalid Lamnawar
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, INSA Lyon, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Abderrahim Maazouz
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, INSA Lyon, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France. and Hassan II Academy of Science and Technology, Rabat, Morocco
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7
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Berezkin AV, Kudryavtsev YV. Effect of Cross-Linking on the Structure and Growth of Polymer Films Prepared by Interfacial Polymerization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:12279-12290. [PMID: 26471239 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial polymerization of tri- and bifunctional monomers (A3B2 polymerization) is investigated by dissipative particle dynamics to reveal an effect of cross-linking on the reaction kinetics and structure of the growing polymer film. Regardless of the comonomer reactivity and miscibility, the kinetics in an initially bilayer melt passes from the reaction to diffusion control. Within the crossover period, branched macromolecules undergo gelation, which drastically changes the scenario of the polymerization process. Comparison with the previously studied linear interfacial polymerization (Berezkin, A. V.; Kudryavtsev, Y. V. Linear Interfacial Polymerization: Theory and Simulations with Dissipative Particle Dynamics J. Chem. Phys. 2014, 141, 194906) shows similar conversion rates but very different product characteristics. Cross-linked polymer films are markedly heterogeneous in density, their average polymerization degree grows with the comonomer miscibility, and end groups are mostly trapped deeply in the film core. Products of linear interfacial polymerization demonstrate opposite trends as they are spontaneously homogenized by a convective flow of macromolecules expelled from the reactive zone to the film periphery, which we call the reactive extrusion effect and which is hampered in branched polymerization. Influence of the comonomer architecture on the polymer film characteristics could be used in various practical applications of interfacial polymerization, such as fabrication of membranes, micro- and nanocapsules and 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V Berezkin
- Max-Planck Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH , Max-Planck str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Yaroslav V Kudryavtsev
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky prosp. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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8
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Épinat C, Trouillet-Fonti L, Jéol S, Long DR, Sotta P. Nucleation and Growth of Ordered Copolymer Structures at Reactive Interfaces between PA6 and MA- g-HDPE. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:488-491. [PMID: 35596299 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the effect of the interfacial chemical reaction between PA6 and MA-g-HDPE in static conditions at a macroscopically flat interface. Interface destabilization and the growth of instabilities, somehow similar to myelin figures observed in surfactants put in the presence of water, are observed. For the first time in this system, it is shown that ordered microphase-separated copolymer domains, whose morphologies depend on the architecture of the copolymer, namely, essentially on the relative length of the blocks on each side of the interface, may nucleate and grow at a static interface between reactive polymers. We discuss the stability of the plane interface in the case of nonsymmetrical formed graft copolymers. The density of copolymers in the interface (coverage) can be estimated accurately from the long period of the formed structures. We confirm the predictions of Berezkin et al. This observation is very important since it confirms that nanometric domains are certainly generated during reactive extrusion, in addition to micrometric domains formed by rheological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Épinat
- Laboratoire
Polymères et Matériaux Avancés, CNRS/Rhodia-Solvay, UMR5268, 87 avenue des Frères Perret, Saint
Fons Cedex 69192, France
| | - Lise Trouillet-Fonti
- Laboratoire
Polymères et Matériaux Avancés, CNRS/Rhodia-Solvay, UMR5268, 87 avenue des Frères Perret, Saint
Fons Cedex 69192, France
| | - Stéphane Jéol
- Solvay R&I, 85 avenue des Frères Perret, Saint Fons Cedex 69192, France
| | - Didier R. Long
- Laboratoire
Polymères et Matériaux Avancés, CNRS/Rhodia-Solvay, UMR5268, 87 avenue des Frères Perret, Saint
Fons Cedex 69192, France
| | - Paul Sotta
- Laboratoire
Polymères et Matériaux Avancés, CNRS/Rhodia-Solvay, UMR5268, 87 avenue des Frères Perret, Saint
Fons Cedex 69192, France
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9
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Berezkin AV, Kudryavtsev YV. Linear interfacial polymerization: Theory and simulations with dissipative particle dynamics. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:194906. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4901727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V. Berezkin
- Max-Planck Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Yaroslav V. Kudryavtsev
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prosp. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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10
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Berezkin AV, Kudryavtsev YV. Hybrid approach combining dissipative particle dynamics and finite-difference diffusion model: Simulation of reactive polymer coupling and interfacial polymerization. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:154102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4824768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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11
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Zhang Y, Yin Q, Lu H, Xia H, Lin Y, Cheng J. PEG-Polypeptide Dual Brush Block Copolymers: Synthesis and Application in Nanoparticle Surface PEGylation. ACS Macro Lett 2013; 2:809-813. [PMID: 24159425 PMCID: PMC3804265 DOI: 10.1021/mz4003672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic polypeptide-containing hybrid dual brush block copolymers with controlled molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions were synthesized in one pot via ring-opening metathesis polymerization of sequentially added norbornyl-PEG and N-(2-((trimethylsilyl)amino)ethyl)-5-norbornene-endo-2,3-dicarboximide (M1) followed by ring-opening polymerization of amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides. Polylactide nanoparticles coated with these am phiphilic dual brush block copolymers showed significantly improved stability in PBS solution compared to those coated with amphiphilic linear block copolymers such as PEG-polylactide and PEG-polypeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Qian Yin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hongwei Xia
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269,USA
| | - Yao Lin
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269,USA
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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12
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Sun W, Zhou S, You B, Wu L. Polymer Brush-Functionalized Surfaces with Reversible, Precisely Controllable Two-Way Responsive Wettability. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma401416k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Department of Materials Science
and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Advanced
Coatings Research Center of MEC, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shouxue Zhou
- Department of Materials Science
and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Advanced
Coatings Research Center of MEC, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bo You
- Department of Materials Science
and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Advanced
Coatings Research Center of MEC, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Limin Wu
- Department of Materials Science
and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Advanced
Coatings Research Center of MEC, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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13
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Berezkin AV, Kudryavtsev YV. End-Coupling Reactions in Incompatible Polymer Blends: From Droplets to Complex Micelles through Interfacial Instability. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma400700n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V. Berezkin
- Max-Planck Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck Strasse 1,
40237 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yaroslav V. Kudryavtsev
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical
Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Leninsky prosp. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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