1
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Zych D, Kubis M. Bromopyrene Symphony: Synthesis and Characterisation of Isomeric Derivatives at Non-K Region and Nodal Positions for Diverse Functionalisation Strategies. Molecules 2024; 29:1131. [PMID: 38474643 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyrene, a renowned aromatic hydrocarbon, continues to captivate researchers due to its versatile properties and potential applications across various scientific domains. Among its derivatives, bromopyrenes stand out for their significance in synthetic chemistry, materials science, and environmental studies. The strategic functionalisation of pyrene at non-K region and nodal positions is crucial for expanding its utility, allowing for diverse functionalisation strategies. Bromo-substituted precursors serve as vital intermediates in synthetic routes; however, the substitution pattern of bromoderivatives significantly impacts their subsequent functionalisation and properties, posing challenges in synthesis and purification. Understanding the distinct electronic structure of pyrene is pivotal, dictating the preferential electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions at specific positions. Despite the wealth of literature, contradictions and complexities persist in synthesising suitably substituted bromopyrenes due to the unpredictable nature of substitution reactions. Building upon historical precedents, this study provides a comprehensive overview of bromine introduction in pyrene derivatives, offering optimised synthesis conditions based on laboratory research. Specifically, the synthesis of mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrabromopyrene isomers at non-K positions (1-, 3-, 6-, 8-) and nodal positions (2-, 7-) is systematically explored. By elucidating efficient synthetic methodologies and reaction conditions, this research contributes to advancing the synthesis and functionalisation strategies of pyrene derivatives, unlocking new possibilities for their utilisation in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Zych
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
| | - Martyna Kubis
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
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2
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Schmalz V, Koert U. Visible-Light-Induced Photoannulation of α-Naphthyl Cyclopropane Carboxylic Esters to Functionalized Dihydrophenalenes. Org Lett 2021; 24:152-157. [PMID: 34932368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A general synthetic entry to functionalized dihydrophenalenes has been found using naphthyl-cyclopropane esters as starting materials. The desired annulation was possible with visible light, Ir(Fppy)3 as photocatalyst, BnNMe2 or DABCO as electron donor, HAT-catalyst, and proton source. A broad scope of substituted naphthyl and azanaphthyl derivatives provided the photoannulation products in high yield. Deuteration studies support a photoredox mechanism involving the photoreductive cyclopropane opening to an enolate radical followed by an aryl radical trapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Schmalz
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Koert
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
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3
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Pathiranage TSK, Ma Z, Udamulle Gedara CM, Pan X, Lee Y, Gomez ED, Biewer MC, Matyjaszewski K, Stefan MC. Improved Self-Assembly of P3HT with Pyrene-Functionalized Methacrylates. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:27325-27334. [PMID: 34693153 PMCID: PMC8529656 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A block copolymer with discotic liquid crystalline behavior was synthesized using Grignard metathesis polymerization (GRIM) and initiators for continuous activator regeneration atom transfer radical polymerization (ICAR-ATRP). A novel discotic liquid crystalline mesogen, 6-(pyren-1-yloxy)hexyl methacrylate (PyMA), comprises a block that is attached to regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (rr-P3HT) generated by GRIM and subjected to end-group modification. Due to the continuous regeneration of Cu+ in the reaction mixture in ICAR-ATRP compared to conventional methods, the synthesis was successfully performed with less catalyst. The purity and yield of the final product are increased by eliminating rigorous post-synthesis purification. Stacked pyrene units have contributed to the enhanced long-range π-π interactions and aligning of the P3HT block as observed in thin-film X-ray diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, field-effect mobilities in the order of 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1 in bottom-gate, top-contact organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) suggest an enhancement in charge transport due to the discotic electron-rich pyrene units that help mitigate the insulating effect of the methacrylate backbone. The formation of uniform microdomains of P3HT-b-poly(PyMA) observed with tapping mode atomic force microscopy (TMAFM) on the channel regions of OFETs indicates the unique packing of the block copolymer in comparison to pristine P3HT. Thermotropic properties of the novel discotic mesogen in the presence and absence of P3HT were observed with both the poly(3-hexylthiophene)-b-poly(6-(pyren-1-yloxy)hexyl methacrylate) (P3HT-b-poly(PyMA)) block copolymer and poly(6-(pyren-1-yloxy)hexyl methacrylate) (poly(PyMA)) homopolymer using polarized optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Taniya
M. S. K. Pathiranage
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United
States
| | - Ziyuan Ma
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United
States
| | - Chinthaka M. Udamulle Gedara
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United
States
| | - Xiangcheng Pan
- Center
for Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Youngmin Lee
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The New Mexico
Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico 87801, United States
| | - Enrique D. Gomez
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The New Mexico
Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico 87801, United States
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania
State University, 404 Steidle Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Michael C. Biewer
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United
States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Center
for Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Mihaela C. Stefan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United
States
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4
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Klein BP, Ruppenthal L, Hall SJ, Sattler LE, Weber SM, Herritsch J, Jaegermann A, Maurer RJ, Hilt G, Gottfried JM. Topology Effects in Molecular Organic Electronic Materials: Pyrene and Azupyrene*. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1065-1073. [PMID: 33768634 PMCID: PMC8251946 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Pyrene derivatives play a prominent role in organic electronic devices, including field effect transistors, light emitting diodes, and solar cells. The flexibility in the desired properties has previously been achieved by variation of substituents at the periphery of the pyrene backbone. In contrast, the influence of the topology of the central π‐electron system on the relevant properties such as the band gap or the fluorescence behavior has not yet been addressed. In this work, pyrene is compared with its structural isomer azupyrene, which has a π‐electron system with non‐alternant topology. Using photoelectron spectroscopy, near edge X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, and other methods, it is shown that the electronic band gap of azupyrene is by 0.72 eV smaller than that of pyrene. The difference of the optical band gaps is even larger with 1.09 eV, as determined by ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy. The non‐alternant nature of azupyrene is also associated with a more localized charge distribution. Further insight is provided by density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the molecular properties and ab initio coupled cluster calculations of the optical transitions. The concept of aromaticity is used to interpret the major topology‐related differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt P Klein
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße. 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Centre for Scientific Computing, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Lukas Ruppenthal
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße. 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Samuel J Hall
- MAS Centre for Doctoral Training, Senate House, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry and Centre for Scientific Computing, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Lars E Sattler
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian M Weber
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Jan Herritsch
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße. 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Jaegermann
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße. 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard J Maurer
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Scientific Computing, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Gerhard Hilt
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - J Michael Gottfried
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße. 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
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5
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Gao X, Wu Y, Tao Y, Huang W. Conjugated Random Terpolymer Donors towardsHigh‐EfficiencyPolymer Solar Cells. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuyu Gao
- Key Lab for Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Yijing Wu
- Key Lab for Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Youtian Tao
- Key Lab for Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Lab for Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing Jiangsu 210046 China
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an Shaanxi 710072 China
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6
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Non-K Region Disubstituted Pyrenes (1,3-, 1,6- and 1,8-) by (Hetero)Aryl Groups-Review. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24142551. [PMID: 31336967 PMCID: PMC6680588 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Disubstituted pyrenes at the non-K region by the same or different (hetero)aryl groups have proven to be an increasingly interesting area of research for scientists over the last decade due to their optical and photophysical properties. However, in this area, there is no systematization of the structures and synthesis methods nor their limitations. In this review, all approaches to the synthesis of these compounds, starting from the commercially available pyrene are described. Herein, the ways of obtaining of disubstituted intermediates based on bromination and acylation reaction are presented. This is crucial in the determination of the possibility of further functionalization by using coupling, cycloaddition, condensation, etc. reactions. Moreover, the application of disubstituted pyrenes in the synthesis of 1,3,6,8-tetrasubstituted was also reviewed. This review describes the directions of research on chemistry of disubstituted pyrenes.
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7
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Dang D, Yu D, Wang E. Conjugated Donor-Acceptor Terpolymers Toward High-Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1807019. [PMID: 30701605 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of conjugated alternating donor-acceptor (D-A) copolymers with various electron-rich and electron-deficient units in polymer backbones has boosted the power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 17% for polymer solar cells (PSCs) over the past two decades. However, further enhancements in PCEs for PSCs are still imperative to compensate their imperfect stability for fulfilling practical applications. Meanwhile development of these alternating D-A copolymers is highly demanding in creative design and syntheses of novel D and/or A monomers. In this regard, when being possible to adopt an existing monomer unit as a third component from its libraries, either a D' unit or an A' moiety, to the parent D-A type polymer backbones to afford conjugated D-A terpolymers, it will give a facile and cost-effective method to improve their light absorption and tune energy levels and also interchain packing synergistically. Moreover, the rationally controlled stoichiometry for these components in such terpolymers also provides access for further fine-tuning these factors, thus resulting in high-performance PSCs. Herein, based on their unique features, the recent progress of conjugated D-A terpolymers for efficient PSCs is reviewed and it is discussed how these factors influence their photovoltaic performance, for providing useful guidelines to design new terpolymers toward high-efficiency PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfeng Dang
- School of Science, MOE Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Donghong Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, DK-9220, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research (SDC), Aarhus, DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Ergang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, SE-412 96, Sweden
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8
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Cheng C, Wang X, Lin Y, He L, Jiang JX, Xu Y, Wang F. The effect of molecular structure and fluorination on the properties of pyrene-benzothiadiazole-based conjugated polymers for visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00722e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The linear non-fluorinated polymer L-PyBT exhibited an impressive hydrogen evolution rate up to 83.7 μmol h−1 under visible light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy
- Wuhan Institute of Technology
- Wuhan 430073
- P. R. China
| | - Xunchang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy
- Wuhan Institute of Technology
- Wuhan 430073
- P. R. China
| | - Yaoyao Lin
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy
- Wuhan Institute of Technology
- Wuhan 430073
- P. R. China
| | - Luying He
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy
- Wuhan Institute of Technology
- Wuhan 430073
- P. R. China
| | - Jia-Xing Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Xu
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy
- Wuhan Institute of Technology
- Wuhan 430073
- P. R. China
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9
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Luo H, Liu Z, Zhang D. Conjugated D–A terpolymers for organic field-effect transistors and solar cells. Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2017.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Wang Q, Wang Y, Zheng W, Shahid B, Qiu M, Wang D, Zhu D, Yang R. Regulating Molecular Aggregations of Polymers via Ternary Copolymerization Strategy for Efficient Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:32126-32134. [PMID: 28853281 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b09565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
For many high-performance photovoltaic materials in polymer solar cells (PSCs), the active layers usually need to be spin-coated at high temperature due to the strong intermolecular aggregation of donor polymers, which is unfavorable in device repeatability and large-scale PSC printing. In this work, we adopted a ternary copolymerization strategy to regulate polymer solubility and molecular aggregation. A series of D-A1-D-A2 random polymers based on different acceptors, strong electron-withdrawing unit ester substituted thieno[3,4-b]thiophene (TT-E), and highly planar dithiazole linked TT-E (DTzTT) were constructed to realize the regulation of molecular aggregation and simplification of device fabrication. The results showed that as the relative proportion of TT-E segment in the backbone increased, the absorption evidently red-shifted with a gradually decreased aggregation in solution, eventually leading to the active layers that can be fabricated at low temperature. Furthermore, due to the excellent phase separation and low recombination, the optimized solar cells based on the terpolymer P1 containing 30% of TT-E segment exhibit high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.09% with a significantly enhanced fill factor up to 72.86%. Encouragingly, the photovoltaic performance is insensitive to the fabrication temperature of the active layer, and it still could maintain high PCE of 8.82%, even at room temperature. This work not only develops the highly efficient photovoltaic materials for low temperature processed PSCs through ternary copolymerization strategy but also preliminarily constructs the relationship between aggregation and photovoltaic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology , Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology , Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology , Harbin 150080, China
| | - Bilal Shahid
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Meng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Di Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology , Harbin 150080, China
| | - Dangqiang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Renqiang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China
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11
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Zhang Z, Liu Y, Zhang J, Feng S, Wu L, Gong X, Xu X, Chen X, Bo Z. Enhancing the Efficiency of Polymer Solar Cells by Incorporation of 2,5-Difluorobenzene Units into the Polymer Backbone via Random Copolymerization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:23775-23781. [PMID: 28661655 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b05787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of conjugated polymers P0, P5, and P7 containing 0, 5, and 7 mol % 2,5-difluorobenzene units, respectively, were prepared and utilized as electron donors in polymer solar cells. Incorporation of a small amount of 2,5-difluorobenzene unit into the backbone of donor polymers can significantly increase their planarity and crystallinity as well as decrease their solubility. The improved molecular conformation can markedly affect the morphology of polymer:PC71BM blend films. After incorporation of 5 mol % 2,5-difluorobenzene unit into the backbone of donor polymers, the domain size of blend films became smaller and the hole mobility increased. Increasing the content of 2,5-difluorobenzene to 7 mol % can further decrease the solubility of resulting polymers and resulted in poor solution processability. As a result, P5-based devices achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.5%, whereas P0 based devices gave a PCE of 7.8%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University , Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jicheng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shiyu Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Liangliang Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xue Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xinjun Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xuebo Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhishan Bo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
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12
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Alqurashy BA, Cartwright L, Iraqi A, Zhang Y, Lidzey DG. Pyrene-benzothiadiazole-based copolymers for application in photovoltaic devices. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luke Cartwright
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Ahmed Iraqi
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S3 7RH UK
| | - David G. Lidzey
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S3 7RH UK
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13
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Yao H, Ye L, Zhang H, Li S, Zhang S, Hou J. Molecular Design of Benzodithiophene-Based Organic Photovoltaic Materials. Chem Rev 2016; 116:7397-457. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 861] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Yao
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of
Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Long Ye
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of
Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of
Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Sunsun Li
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of
Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of
Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of
Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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14
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Wang J, Kong L, Liang Z. Fine Control of Side Chains in Random π-Conjugated Terpolymers for Organic Photovoltaics. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Wang
- Department of Materials Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Lingqiang Kong
- Department of Materials Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Ziqi Liang
- Department of Materials Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
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15
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Zhang Q, Kelly MA, Hunt A, Ade H, You W. Comparative Photovoltaic Study of Physical Blending of Two Donor–Acceptor Polymers with the Chemical Blending of the Respective Moieties. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Mary Allison Kelly
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Adrian Hunt
- Department
of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Harald Ade
- Department
of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Wei You
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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16
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Gao C, Jiang P, Shi K, Ma D, Li Y, Yu G, Li X, Wang H. Incorporation of Hexa-peri
-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) into Carbazole-Benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole Copolymers to Improve Hole Mobility and Photovoltaic Performance. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:766-74. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201501271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers of Ministry of Education; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Pei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Keli Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Di Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers of Ministry of Education; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Haiqiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers of Ministry of Education; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
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17
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Chaing CJ, Chen JC, Kuo YJ, Tsao HY, Wu KY, Wang CL. 2,2′-Bis(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl as a building block for highly ambient-stable, amorphous organic field-effect transistors with balanced ambipolarity. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25884g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ambipolar and annealing-free OFETs with high ambient-stability are achieved by introducing 2,2′-bis(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl as the acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Jui Chaing
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Chien Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Kuo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yen Tsao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yi Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsin-Chu 30010
- Taiwan
| | - Chien-Lung Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsin-Chu 30010
- Taiwan
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18
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Ju H, Yang Y, Wang Z, Yang S, Liu Z, Zhang G, Zhang D. Conjugated terpolymers synthesized by incorporating anthracene units into the backbones of the diketopyrrolopyrrole-based polymers as electron donors for photovoltaic cells. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01522k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three new conjugated D–A terpolymers PADPP1, PADPP2 and PADPP3, which contain diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) as electron acceptors and thiophene/anthracene as electron donors for photovoltaic cells, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Ju
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Organic Solids Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Yang Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Organic Solids Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Organic Solids Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Sifen Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Organic Solids Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Zitong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Organic Solids Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Guanxin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Organic Solids Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Deqing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Organic Solids Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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19
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Qi P, Wang Z, Liu Z, Yang S, Yang Y, Yao J, Zhang G, Zhang D. Conjugated donor–acceptor terpolymers entailing the Pechmann dye and dithienyl-diketopyrrolopyrrole as co-electron acceptors: tuning HOMO/LUMO energies and photovoltaic performances. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00400h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Three new conjugated D–A terpolymers with the Pechmann dye derivative and dithienyl-diketopyrrolopyrrole as co-acceptors are presented for photovoltaic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penglin Qi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Organic Solids Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Organic Solids Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Zitong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Organic Solids Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Sifen Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Organic Solids Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Yang Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Organic Solids Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Jingjing Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Organic Solids Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Guanxin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Organic Solids Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Deqing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Organic Solids Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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20
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Lee JW, Ahn H, Jo WH. Conjugated Random Copolymers Consisting of Pyridine- and Thiophene-Capped Diketopyrrolopyrrole as Co-Electron Accepting Units To Enhance both JSC and VOC of Polymer Solar Cells. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Won Lee
- Department
of Materials and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Hyungju Ahn
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Ho Jo
- Department
of Materials and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-744, Korea
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21
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Niko Y, Sasaki S, Narushima K, Sharma DK, Vacha M, Konishi GI. 1-, 3-, 6-, and 8-Tetrasubstituted Asymmetric Pyrene Derivatives with Electron Donors and Acceptors: High Photostability and Regioisomer-Specific Photophysical Properties. J Org Chem 2015; 80:10794-805. [PMID: 26468685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The systematic synthesis of five 1-, 3-, 6-, and 8-tetrasubstituted asymmetric pyrenes with electron donor and acceptor moieties is presented, together with an examination of their photophysical properties. Pyrene derivative PA1, containing one formyl and three piperidyl groups, showed bright solvatochromic fluorescence from green (λem = 557 nm, ΦFL = 0.94 in hexane) to red (λem = 648 nm, ΦFL = 0.50 in methanol), suggesting potential applications for PA1 as an environmentally responsive probe. Although the synthesis of simple 1- and 3-disubstituted pyrene derivatives is considered difficult, PA13, with two formyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions and two piperidyl groups at the 6- and 8-positions, could be synthesized successfully. PA13 exhibited less pronounced solvatochromism, but displayed a narrow fluorescent band with high ΦFL in all solvents (ΦFL > 0.75). Moreover, its absorption band displayed an exceptional bathochromic shift compared to the other derivatives (e.g., λabs = 480 and 522 nm in ethanol for PA1 and PA13, respectively), suggesting that such modifications of pyrene may be quite important for the modulation of its energy gap. Additionally, all compounds exhibited exceptionally high photostability, which highlights the advantage of these new dyes and provides new insights on the design of photostable fluorophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Niko
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-H-134 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sasaki
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-H-134 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Kaishi Narushima
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-H-134 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Dharmendar Kumar Sharma
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-H-134 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Martin Vacha
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-H-134 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Gen-ichi Konishi
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-H-134 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan.,PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency , Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
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22
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Bathula C, Kim M, Song CE, Shin WS, Hwang DH, Lee JC, Kang IN, Lee SK, Park T. Concentration-Dependent Pyrene-Driven Self-Assembly in Benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene (BDT)–Thienothiophene (TT)–Pyrene Copolymers. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chinna Bathula
- Energy Materials
Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | - Minjun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-780, Korea
| | - Chang Eun Song
- Energy Materials
Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | - Won Suk Shin
- Energy Materials
Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | - Do-Hoon Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, 1, Geumjeong, Busan 609-735, Korea
| | - Jong-Cheol Lee
- Energy Materials
Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | - In-Nam Kang
- Department of Chemistry, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 420-743, Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Lee
- Energy Materials
Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | - Taiho Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-780, Korea
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23
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Zhang G, Ye Z, Li P, Guo J, Wang Q, Tang L, Lu H, Qiu L. A new thieno-isoindigo derivative-based D–A polymer with very low bandgap for high-performance ambipolar organic thin-film transistors. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00161g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new thieno-isoindigo derivative was synthesized by replacing the outer benzene ring of the isoindigo derivative (BIBDF) with thiophene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobing Zhang
- Key Lab of Special Display Technology
- Ministry of Education
- National Engineering Lab of Special Display Technology
- State Key Lab of Advanced Display Technology
- Academy of Opto-Electronic Technology
| | - Zhiwei Ye
- Key Lab of Special Display Technology
- Ministry of Education
- National Engineering Lab of Special Display Technology
- State Key Lab of Advanced Display Technology
- Academy of Opto-Electronic Technology
| | - Peng Li
- Key Lab of Special Display Technology
- Ministry of Education
- National Engineering Lab of Special Display Technology
- State Key Lab of Advanced Display Technology
- Academy of Opto-Electronic Technology
| | - Jinghua Guo
- Key Lab of Special Display Technology
- Ministry of Education
- National Engineering Lab of Special Display Technology
- State Key Lab of Advanced Display Technology
- Academy of Opto-Electronic Technology
| | - Qinghe Wang
- Key Lab of Special Display Technology
- Ministry of Education
- National Engineering Lab of Special Display Technology
- State Key Lab of Advanced Display Technology
- Academy of Opto-Electronic Technology
| | - Longxiang Tang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- China
| | - Hongbo Lu
- Key Lab of Special Display Technology
- Ministry of Education
- National Engineering Lab of Special Display Technology
- State Key Lab of Advanced Display Technology
- Academy of Opto-Electronic Technology
| | - Longzhen Qiu
- Key Lab of Special Display Technology
- Ministry of Education
- National Engineering Lab of Special Display Technology
- State Key Lab of Advanced Display Technology
- Academy of Opto-Electronic Technology
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24
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Vasilopoulou M. The effect of surface hydrogenation of metal oxides on the nanomorphology and the charge generation efficiency of polymer blend solar cells. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:13726-13739. [PMID: 25286014 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr04408h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the effect of surface hydrogenation of different metal oxides, in particular molybdenum and tungsten oxides widely used to enhance hole extraction and zinc and titanium oxides widely used to enhance electron extraction, on the nanomorphology and the charge generation efficiency of polymer blend solar cells is investigated. It was found that photoactive layers based on blends using different polymers, in particular poly(3-hexythiophene) (P3HT) and poly[(9-(1-octylnonyl)-9H-carbazole-2,7-diyl)-2,5-thiophenediyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-4,7-diyl-2,5-thiophenediyl] (PCDTBT), which normally differ in both morphology and electronic structure, benefited, for both polymers, from deposition on metal oxides with high surface hydrogen content, in the sense that they exhibited improved crystallinity/order as revealed from X-ray diffraction, UV-vis absorption and elipsometric measurements. As a result, increased charge generation efficiencies and reduced recombination losses were measured in solar cells using metal oxides with highly hydrogenated surfaces at bottom electrodes and based on blends of either P3HT or PCDTBT, with a fullerene acceptor, as was verified by transient photocurrent measurements. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of those cells reached values of 4.5% and 7.2%, respectively, an increase of about 30% compared with the cells using metal oxides with low surface hydrogen content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vasilopoulou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INN), National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", 153 10, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece.
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25
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Kim JH, Kim HS, Park JB, Kang IN, Hwang DH. Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-substituted benzodithiophene in donor-acceptor type semiconducting copolymers: A feasible approach to improve performances of organic photovoltaic cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry; and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University; Busan 609-735 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Su Kim
- Department of Chemistry; and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University; Busan 609-735 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Baek Park
- Department of Chemistry; and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University; Busan 609-735 Republic of Korea
| | - In-Nam Kang
- Department of Chemistry; Catholic University of Korea; Bucheon 420-743 Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hoon Hwang
- Department of Chemistry; and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University; Busan 609-735 Republic of Korea
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26
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Wang N, Bao X, Yan Y, Ouyang D, Sun M, Roy VAL, Lee CS, Yang R. Synthesis and photovoltaic properties of conjugated D-A copolymers based on thienyl substituted pyrene and diketopyrrolopyrrole for polymer solar cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Xichang Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Yan Yan
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Ave Hong Kong
| | - Dan Ouyang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Mingliang Sun
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Ave Hong Kong
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China; Qingdao 266100 China
| | - V. A. L. Roy
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Ave Hong Kong
| | - Chun Sing Lee
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Ave Hong Kong
| | - Renqiang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
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27
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Kim JH, Park JB, Shin SA, Hyun MH, Hwang DH. Low-bandgap copolymers consisting of 2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole and carbazole derivatives with thiophene or selenophene π-bridges. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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28
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Marzano G, Ciasca CV, Babudri F, Bianchi G, Pellegrino A, Po R, Farinola GM. Organometallic Approaches to Conjugated Polymers for Plastic Solar Cells: From Laboratory Synthesis to Industrial Production. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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29
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Molecular weight dependent vertical composition profiles of PCDTBT:PC₇₁BM blends for organic photovoltaics. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5286. [PMID: 24924096 PMCID: PMC4055896 DOI: 10.1038/srep05286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We have used Soxhlet solvent purification to fractionate a broad molecular weight distribution of the polycarbazole polymer PCDTBT into three lower polydispersity molecular weight fractions. Organic photovoltaic devices were made using a blend of the fullerene acceptor PC71BM with the molecular weight fractions. An average power conversion efficiency of 5.89% (peak efficiency of 6.15%) was measured for PCDTBT blend devices with a number average molecular weight of Mn = 25.5 kDa. There was significant variation between the molecular weight fractions with low (Mn = 15.0 kDa) and high (Mn = 34.9 kDa) fractions producing devices with average efficiencies of 5.02% and 3.70% respectively. Neutron reflectivity measurements on these polymer:PC71BM blend layers showed that larger molecular weights leads to an increase in the polymer enrichment layer thickness at the anode interface, this improves efficiency up to a limiting point where the polymer solubility causes a reduction of the PCDTBT concentration in the active layer.
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30
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31
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Jagtap SB, Potphode DD, Ghorpade TK, Palai AK, Patri M, Mishra SP. tButyl pyrene containing poly(arylene ethynylene)s for highly sensitive and selective sensing of TNT. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Kim JH, Song CE, Kang IN, Shin WS, Zhang ZG, Li Y, Hwang DH. Conventional and Inverted Photovoltaic Cells Fabricated Using New Conjugated Polymer Comprising Fluorinated Benzotriazole and Benzodithiophene Derivative. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.5.1356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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33
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Liu SY, Liu WQ, Xu JQ, Fan CC, Fu WF, Ling J, Wu JY, Shi MM, Jen AKY, Chen HZ. Pyrene and diketopyrrolopyrrole-based oligomers synthesized via direct arylation for OSC applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:6765-6775. [PMID: 24720695 DOI: 10.1021/am500522x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this report, an atom efficient and facile synthetic strategy for accessing multi-diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based oligomers used in solution-processed organic field effect transistors (OFETs) and organic solar cells (OSCs) has been developed. The DPP units were successfully installed onto benzene and pyrene cores via palladium-catalyzed dehydrohalogenative coupling of mono-capped DPPs with multi-bromo-benzene or -pyrene (direct arylation), affording four oligomer small molecules (SMs 1-4) containing bis-, tri-, tri-, and tetra-DPP, respectively, in high yields of 78-96%. All the designed linear or branched DPP-based oligomers exhibit broad light absorptions, narrow band-gaps (1.60-1.73 eV), deep highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels (-5.26∼-5.18 eV), and good thermal stability (Td=390-401 °C). OFETs based on SMs 1-4 showed hole mobilities of 0.0033, 0.0056, 0.0005, and 0.0026 cm2 V(-1) s(-1), respectively. OSCs based on SMs 1-4 under one sun achieved power conversion efficiencies of 3.00%, 3.71%, 2.47%, and 1.86% accordingly, along with high open-circuit voltages of 0.86-0.94 V. For OSC devices of SM 1, SM 3, and SM 4, the solvent CHCl3 was solely employed to the formation of active layers; neither high boiling point additives nor annealing post-treatment was needed. Such a simple process benefits the large-scale production of OSCs via roll to roll technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yong Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
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34
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Lee GY, Moon BJ, Song S, Lee WH, Woo HY, Park T. Suppressing charge recombination by incorporating 3,6-carbazole into poly[9-(heptadecan-9-yl)-9H
-carbazole-2,7-diyl-alt-(5,6-bis-(octyloxy)-4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2,5]-thiadiazole)-5,5-diyl]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang-Young Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Nam-gu; Pohang Kyoungbuk 790-780 Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joon Moon
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Nam-gu; Pohang Kyoungbuk 790-780 Republic of Korea
| | - Seulki Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Nam-gu; Pohang Kyoungbuk 790-780 Republic of Korea
| | - Won Ho Lee
- Department of Nanofusion Engineering; Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering; Pusan National University; Miryang Gyeongsangnam-do 627-706 Republic of Korea
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Nanofusion Engineering; Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering; Pusan National University; Miryang Gyeongsangnam-do 627-706 Republic of Korea
| | - Taiho Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Nam-gu; Pohang Kyoungbuk 790-780 Republic of Korea
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35
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Synthesis, photophysical properties and TD-DFT calculation of fluorescent dyes based on pyrenylthiazoles. Chem Res Chin Univ 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-014-3467-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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36
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Dutta P, Park H, Lee WH, Kang IN, Lee SH. Synthesis characterization and bulk-heterojunction photovoltaic applications of new naphtho[1,2-b:5,6-b′]dithiophene–quinoxaline containing narrow band gap D–A conjugated polymers. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00911d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New naphtho[1,2-b:5,6-b′]dithiophene–quinoxaline containing donor–acceptor conjugated copolymers with alkyl/alkoxy side chains positioned differently were developed and investigated for polymer solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranabesh Dutta
- School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering
- Chonbuk National University
- Jeonju 561-756
- Korea
| | - Hanok Park
- School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering
- Chonbuk National University
- Jeonju 561-756
- Korea
| | - Woo-Hyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- The Catholic University
- Buchen-si
- Korea
| | - In Nam Kang
- Department of Chemistry
- The Catholic University
- Buchen-si
- Korea
| | - Soo-Hyoung Lee
- School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering
- Chonbuk National University
- Jeonju 561-756
- Korea
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Liu Q, Bao X, Wen S, Du Z, Han L, Zhu D, Chen Y, Sun M, Yang R. Hyperconjugated side chained benzodithiophene and 4,7-di-2-thienyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole based polymer for solar cells. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py01529g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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Sakthivel P, Song HS, Chakravarthi N, Lee JW, Gal YS, Hwang S, Jin SH. Synthesis and characterization of new indeno[1,2-b]indole-co-benzothiadiazole-based π-conjugated ladder type polymers for bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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39
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Shin SA, Kim JH, Park JB, Kang IN, Park MJ, Hwang DH. Synthesis and Photovoltaic Properties of a New Low-Bandgap Polymer Consisting of Benzodithiophene and Fluorinated Benzoselenadiazole Units. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201300308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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40
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Kim JH, Song CE, Kang IN, Shin WS, Hwang DH. A highly crystalline low band-gap polymer consisting of perylene and diketopyrrolopyrrole for organic photovoltaic cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:3248-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc41160e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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41
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Ma X, Jiang X, Zhang S, Huang X, Cheng Y, Zhu C. Near-infrared emission of novel bent-core V-shaped conjugated polymers based on the B,O-chelated azadipyrromethene structure. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00528c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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