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Andreozzi L, Martinelli E. An Electron Spin Resonance Study Comparing Nanometer-Nanosecond Dynamics in Diblock Copolymers and Their Poly(methyl Methacrylate) Binary Blends. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4195. [PMID: 37896439 PMCID: PMC10611165 DOI: 10.3390/polym15204195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Block copolymers are a class of materials that are particularly interesting with respect to their capability to self-assemble in ordered structures. In this context, the coupling between environment and dynamics is particularly relevant given that movements at the molecular level influence various properties of macromolecules. Mixing the polymer with a second macromolecule appears to be an easy method for studying these relationships. In this work, we studied blends of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and a block copolymer composed of PMMA as the first block and poly(3-methyl-4-[6-(methylacryloyloxy)-hexyloxy]-4'-pentyloxy azobenzene) as the second block. The relaxational properties of these blends were investigated via electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, which is sensitive to nanometric length scales. The results of the investigations on the blends were related to the dynamic behavior of the copolymers. At the nanoscale, the study revealed the presence of heterogeneities, with slow and fast dynamics available for molecular reorientation, which are further modulated by the ability of the block copolymers to form supramolecular structures. For blends, the heterogeneities at the nanoscale were still detected. However, it was observed that the presence of the PMMA as a major component of the blends modified their dynamic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Andreozzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, Largo Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IPCF-CNR), Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- CISUP, Centro per l’Integrazione della Strumentazione dell’Università di Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Elisa Martinelli
- CISUP, Centro per l’Integrazione della Strumentazione dell’Università di Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Shang C, Xiong Z, Liu S, Yu W. Molecular Dynamics of Azobenzene Polymer with Photoreversible Glass Transition. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ce Shang
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhongqiang Xiong
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Sijun Liu
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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3
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Xie R, Aplan MP, Caggiano NJ, Weisen AR, Su T, Müller C, Segad M, Colby RH, Gomez ED. Local Chain Alignment via Nematic Ordering Reduces Chain Entanglement in Conjugated Polymers. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Renxuan Xie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Melissa P. Aplan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Nicholas J. Caggiano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Albree R. Weisen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Tang Su
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Christian Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mo Segad
- The Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Ralph H. Colby
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- The Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Enrique D. Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- The Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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Andreozzi L, Galli G, Giordano M, Martinelli E, Zulli F. Heterogeneity and Dynamics in Azobenzene Methacrylate Random and Block Copolymers: A Nanometer–Nanosecond Study by Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Andreozzi
- Department
of Physics “E. Fermi”, University of Pisa and IPCF-CNR, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G. Galli
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa and INSTM, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - M. Giordano
- Department
of Physics “E. Fermi”, University of Pisa and IPCF-CNR, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - E. Martinelli
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa and INSTM, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - F. Zulli
- Department
of Physics “E. Fermi”, University of Pisa and IPCF-CNR, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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Unidad HJ, Goad MA, Bras AR, Zamponi M, Faust R, Allgaier J, Pyckhout-Hintzen W, Wischnewski A, Richter D, Fetters LJ. Consequences of Increasing Packing Length on the Dynamics of Polymer Melts. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Herwin Jerome Unidad
- Jülich
Centre for Neutron Science, Outstation at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Abdel Goad
- Jülich
Centre for Neutron Science-1 and Institute of Complex Systems-1, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Ana Rita Bras
- Jülich
Centre for Neutron Science-1 and Institute of Complex Systems-1, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Michaela Zamponi
- Jülich
Centre for Neutron Science, Outstation at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Rudolf Faust
- Chemistry
Department, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Jürgen Allgaier
- Jülich
Centre for Neutron Science-1 and Institute of Complex Systems-1, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Wim Pyckhout-Hintzen
- Jülich
Centre for Neutron Science-1 and Institute of Complex Systems-1, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Andreas Wischnewski
- Jülich
Centre for Neutron Science-1 and Institute of Complex Systems-1, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Dieter Richter
- Jülich
Centre for Neutron Science-1 and Institute of Complex Systems-1, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Lewis J. Fetters
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
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