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Luo Q, Tapia J, Zhou L, Liu CH, Liaqat M, Duan H, Yang Z, Nieh MP, Emrick T, Bai P, He J. Fluorinated polymer zwitterions on gold nanoparticles: patterned catalyst surfaces guide interfacial transport and electrochemical CO 2 reduction. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 39101249 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01484g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
We report the use of fluorinated polymer zwitterions to build hybrid systems for efficient CO2 electroreduction. The unique combination of hydrophilic phosphorylcholine and hydrophobic fluorinated moieties in these polymers creates a fractal structure with mixed branched cylinders on the surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). In the presence of these polymers, the CO faradaic efficiency improves by 50-80% in the range of -0.7 V to -0.9 V. The fractal structures have a domain size of ∼3 nm, showing enhanced mass transfer kinetics of CO2 approaching the catalyst surfaces without limiting ion diffusion. The phase-separated hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains offer separated channeling to water and CO2, as confirmed by attenuated total reflectance surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (ATR-SEIRAS) and molecule dynamic (MD) simulations. H2O molecules permeate extensively into the polymer layer that adsorbs on zwitterions, forming continuous chains, while CO2 molecules strongly associate with the fluorinated tails of fluorinated polyzwitterions, with oxygen facing the positively charged amine groups. Overall, this coupling of zwitterion and fluorocarbon in a polymer material creates new opportunities for defining microenvironments of metallic nanocatalysts in hybrid structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Luo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Joseph Tapia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - Le Zhou
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - Chung-Hao Liu
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Maham Liaqat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Hanyi Duan
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Zhefei Yang
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - Mu-Ping Nieh
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Todd Emrick
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - Peng Bai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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2
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Forgham H, Zhu J, Zhang T, Huang X, Li X, Shen A, Biggs H, Talbo G, Xu C, Davis TP, Qiao R. Fluorine-modified polymers reduce the adsorption of immune-reactive proteins to PEGylated gold nanoparticles. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024; 19:995-1012. [PMID: 38593053 PMCID: PMC11221377 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the influence of fluorine in reducing the adsorption of immune-reactive proteins onto PEGylated gold nanoparticles. Methods: Reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, the Turkevich method and ligand exchange were used to prepare polymer-coated gold nanoparticles. Subsequent in vitro physicochemical and biological characterizations and proteomic analysis were performed. Results: Fluorine-modified polymers reduced the adsorption of complement and other immune-reactive proteins while potentially improving circulatory times and modulating liver toxicity by reducing apolipoprotein E adsorption. Fluorine actively discouraged phagocytosis while encouraging the adsorption of therapeutic targets, CD209 and signaling molecule calreticulin. Conclusion: This study suggests that the addition of fluorine in the surface coating of nanoparticles could lead to improved performance in nanomedicine designed for the intravenous delivery of cargos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Forgham
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Jiayuan Zhu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Taoran Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Xumin Huang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Xiangke Li
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Ao Shen
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Heather Biggs
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Gert Talbo
- Metabolomics Australia (Queensland Node), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Chun Xu
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Thomas P Davis
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Ruirui Qiao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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3
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Vazirieh Lenjani S, Li CW, Seçkin S, König TAF, Merlitz H, Sommer JU, Rossner C. Kinetically Controlled Site-Specific Self-assembly of Hairy Colloids. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:2487-2499. [PMID: 38180486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The solvophobicity-driven directional self-assembly of polymer-coated gold nanorods is a well-established phenomenon. Yet, the kinetics of this process, the origin of site-selectivity in the self-assembly, and the interplay of (attractive) solvophobic brush interactions and (repulsive) electrostatic forces are not fully understood. Herein, we use a combination of time-resolved (vis/NIR) extinction spectroscopy and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations to determine conversion profiles for the assembly of gold nanorods with polystyrene shells of distinct thicknesses into their (tip-to-tip) self-assembled structures. In particular, we demonstrate that the assembly process is highly protracted compared with diffusion-controlled rates, and we find that the assembly rate varies for different thickness values of the polymer shell. Our findings were rationalized using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, which also corroborated the tip-to-tip preference in the self-assembly process, albeit with a uniform polymer coating. Utilizing the knowledge of quantified conversion rates for distinct colloidal species, we designed coassembling systems with different brush thicknesses, featuring "narcissistic" self-sorting behavior. This provides new perspectives for high-level supracolloidal self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Vazirieh Lenjani
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden D-01069, Germany
| | - Cheng-Wu Li
- Institut für Theorie der Polymere, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden D-01069, Germany
| | - Sezer Seçkin
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden D-01069, Germany
| | - Tobias A F König
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden D-01069, Germany
- Dresden Center for Intelligent Materials (DCIM), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden D-01069, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 18, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Holger Merlitz
- Institut für Theorie der Polymere, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden D-01069, Germany
| | - Jens-Uwe Sommer
- Institut für Theorie der Polymere, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden D-01069, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Rossner
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden D-01069, Germany
- Dresden Center for Intelligent Materials (DCIM), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden D-01069, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, Dresden 01069, Germany
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4
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Jancke S, Liu C, Wang R, Sarkar S, Besford QA, König TAF, Popp J, Cialla-May D, Rossner C. Turning on hotspots: supracolloidal SERS probes made brilliant by an external activation mechanism. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:18687-18695. [PMID: 37941432 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05121h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
We achieved external activation of local hot-spot sites in supracolloidal assembly structures. The concept was demonstrated by boosting surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) efficiency by one order of magnitude through a heating-induced process. Our approach involves assembling gold nanoparticles with distinct dimensions, i.e. 16 and 80 nm, into well-defined planet-satellite-type arrangement structures using thermoresponsive (poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)) star polymer linkers. Insights into the assembly process were obtained by calculations within the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory framework. We observe one order of magnitude increase in SERS enhancement by a heating-induced volume-phase transition. This magnification aligns with simulations run using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The implications of this adaptive supracolloidal concept are twofold: Firstly, our approach bypasses limitations of existing systems that are associated with the limited accessibility of electromagnetic hot-spot sites in strongly coupled, static assemblies of plasmonic nanoparticles, by providing the capability of dynamic hot-spot re-configuration. Second, these externally activated probes offer promising opportunities for the development of messenger materials and associated sensing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Jancke
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Chen Liu
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert Einstein Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ruosong Wang
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Swagato Sarkar
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Quinn A Besford
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Tobias A F König
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
- Dresden Center for Intelligent Materials (DCIM), Technische Universität Dresden, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 18, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert Einstein Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Dana Cialla-May
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert Einstein Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Rossner
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
- Dresden Center for Intelligent Materials (DCIM), Technische Universität Dresden, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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5
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Wang R, Zimmermann P, Schletz D, Hoffmann M, Probst P, Fery A, Nagel J, Rossner C. Nano meets macro: Furnishing the surface of polymer molds with gold‐nanoparticle arrays. NANO SELECT 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202200110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruosong Wang
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere Hohe Straße 6 Dresden Germany
| | - Philipp Zimmermann
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. Institut für Polymerwerkstoffe Hohe Straße 6 Dresden Germany
| | - Daniel Schletz
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere Hohe Straße 6 Dresden Germany
- Physical Chemistry of Polymeric Materials Technische Universität Dresden Bergstraße 66 Dresden Germany
| | - Marisa Hoffmann
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere Hohe Straße 6 Dresden Germany
- Physical Chemistry of Polymeric Materials Technische Universität Dresden Bergstraße 66 Dresden Germany
| | - Patrick Probst
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere Hohe Straße 6 Dresden Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere Hohe Straße 6 Dresden Germany
- Physical Chemistry of Polymeric Materials Technische Universität Dresden Bergstraße 66 Dresden Germany
| | - Jürgen Nagel
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. Institut für Polymerwerkstoffe Hohe Straße 6 Dresden Germany
| | - Christian Rossner
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere Hohe Straße 6 Dresden Germany
- Dresden Center for Intelligent Materials (DCIM) Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
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6
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Petersen H, Ballmann M, Krause N, Weberskirch R. Gold(I) NHC Catalysts Immobilized to Amphiphilic Block Copolymers: A Versatile Approach to Micellar Gold Catalysis in Water. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Petersen
- TU Dortmund University: Technische Universitat Dortmund Fakultät für Chemie und Chem. Biologie Otto-Hahn Str. 6 44227 Dortmund GERMANY
| | - Monika Ballmann
- Technische Universität Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund Fakultät für Chemie und Chem. Biologie Otto-Hahn Str. 6 44227 Dortmund GERMANY
| | - Norbert Krause
- TU Dortmund University: Technische Universitat Dortmund Fakultät für Chemie und Chem. Biologie Otto-Hahn Str. 6 44227 Dortmund GERMANY
| | - Ralf Weberskirch
- Dortmund University of Technology Fakultät Chemie und Chem. Biologie , organic chemistry Otto-Hahn-Str. 6Room: C2-04-702 44227 Dortmund GERMANY
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7
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Niu B, Chen Y, Zhang L, Tan J. Organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterials prepared via polymerization-induced self-assembly: recent developments and future opportunities. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00180b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights recent developments in the preparation of organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterials via polymerization-induced self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Niu
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianbo Tan
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangzhou 510006, China
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8
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Sindram J, Karg M. Polymer ligand binding to surface-immobilized gold nanoparticles: a fluorescence-based study on the adsorption kinetics. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:7487-7497. [PMID: 34323887 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00892g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report on a simple, fluorescence-based method for the investigation of the binding kinetics of polystyrene ligands, dispersed in an organic solvent, to substrate supported gold nanoparticles. For this purpose, we develop a protocol for the immobilization of gold nanoparticles on glass substrates, that yields sub-monolayers of randomly distributed particles with excellent homogeneity and reproducibility. Using fluorescently labeled polystyrene, we monitor the ligand concentration in bulk dispersion in real time and follow the binding to the particle-decorated substrates. The influence of the ligand molecular weight on the binding kinetics is investigated. We correlate the reaction rates with the diffusion coefficients of the different ligands and are able to describe the molecular weight dependency with a simple kinetic model. Both the diffusion and the activation step appear to contribute to the effective reaction rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Sindram
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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9
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Jirak D, Svoboda J, Filipová M, Pop-Georgievski O, Sedlacek O. Antifouling fluoropolymer-coated nanomaterials for 19F MRI. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4718-4721. [PMID: 33977988 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00642h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We developed a multifunctional polymer coating for nanoparticles (NPs) that enables simultaneous detection by 19F MRI and shielding from blood plasma fouling. The coating is based on a water-soluble fluorinated poly(N-(2-fluoroethyl)acrylamide) (PFEAM) that shows high 19F MRI sensitivity, cytocompatibility and excellent antifouling properties, significantly outperforming polyethylene glycol. A proof-of-concept experiment was performed by synthesizing polymer-coated gold NPs that were successfully visualized by 19F MRI at magnetic fields close to the fields used in clinical practice. This universal approach can be used for coating and tracing of various NPs upon suitable polymer chain-end modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jirak
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague 140 21, Czech Republic and Department of Science and Research, Faculty of Health Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec 461 17, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Svoboda
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Filipová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Ognen Pop-Georgievski
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Sedlacek
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 2 128 40, Czech Republic.
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10
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Sindram J, Krüsmann M, Otten M, Pauly T, Nagel-Steger L, Karg M. Versatile Route toward Hydrophobically Polymer-Grafted Gold Nanoparticles from Aqueous Dispersions. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:8225-8237. [PMID: 34260239 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c03772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Stabilization of gold nanoparticles in organic solvents is a key challenge in making them available for a wider range of material applications. Polymers are often used as stabilizing ligands because they also allow for the introduction of new properties and functionalities. Many of the established synthesis protocols for gold nanoparticles are water-based. However, the insolubility of many synthetic polymers in water renders the direct functionalization of aqueous particle dispersions with these ligands difficult. Here, we report on an approach for the functionalization of gold nanoparticles, which were prepared by aqueous synthesis, with hydrophobic polymer ligands and their characterization in nonpolar, organic dispersions. Our method employs an auxiliary ligand to first transfer gold nanoparticles from an aqueous to an organic medium. In the organic phase, the auxiliary ligand is then displaced by thiolated polystyrene ligands to form a dense polymer brush on the particle surface. We characterize the structure of the ligand shell using electron microscopy, scattering techniques, and ultracentrifugation and analyze the influence of the molecular weight of the polystyrene ligands on the structure of the polymer brush. We further investigate the colloidal stability of polystyrene-functionalized gold nanoparticles in various organic solvents. Finally, we extend the use of our protocol from small, spherical gold nanoparticles to larger gold nanorods and nanocubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Sindram
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marcel Krüsmann
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marius Otten
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Pauly
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,IBI-7, Structural Biochemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Luitgard Nagel-Steger
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,IBI-7, Structural Biochemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Matthias Karg
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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11
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Benchaphanthawee W, Peng CH. Organo-Cobalt Complexes in Reversible-Deactivation Radical Polymerization. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3628-3647. [PMID: 34132014 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt complexes have played an essential role in different chemical reactions. One of them that has attracted substantial attention in polymer science is cobalt mediated radical polymerization (CMRP), which is famous for its remarkable efficiency in controlling the radical polymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc) and other less active monomers (LAMs). Two pathways, reversible termination (RT) and degenerative transfer (DT), were recognized to control the polymerization in CMRP and could be further used to rationalize the mechanism of other RDRP methods. These control mechanisms were then found to be correlated to the redox potential of cobalt complexes and thus could be judged more quantitatively. The control of polymer composition and tacticity could also be achieved by using CMRP. The hybridization of CMRP and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) could directly synthesize the vinyl acetate/methyl methacrylate and vinyl acetate/styrene block copolymers in one pot. The copolymer of acrylates and 1-octene could be obtained by visible-light-induced CMRP. With the addition of bulky Lewis acid, CMRP of N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) showed high isotacticities with the contents of meso dyads (m) and meso triads (mm) up to 94 % and 87 %, respectively, and generated the crystalline PDMA with Tm as high as 276 °C. This personal account reviewed the development of CMRP with the mechanistic understanding, the control of composition and stereoselectivity of the polymeric products, and its perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wachara Benchaphanthawee
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., 30013, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chi-How Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., 30013, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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12
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Deng F, Wu L, Lu X, Wang S, Chen S, Ding T. A General Nanocoating Method via Photoinduced Self-Initiation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:5548-5553. [PMID: 33904742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid core-shell nanoparticles play a very significant role in many applications. Here, we report a light-induced oligomer coating on nanoparticles via Norrish type I reaction. The radical species generated via UV irradiation can chemically initiate the photoinitiators, which are then polymerized and deposited on inorganic nanoparticles via heterogeneous nucleation, forming a soft oligomer coating smaller than 40 nm. This coating method is versatile and potentially applicable to many different types of inorganic cores and their assemblies, making it a very useful technique for "freezing" nanoassemblies in solution. Moreover, these oligomer coatings containing radical species can also initiate surface polymerization of both styrenic and acrylic monomers with certain functionalities for different applications such as self-assembly, plasmon tuning, and pH sensing (3.5-4.5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Liang Wu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Suming Chen
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Tao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 China
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13
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Feller D, Otten M, Hildebrandt M, Krüsmann M, Bryant G, Karg M. Translational and rotational diffusion coefficients of gold nanorods functionalized with a high molecular weight, thermoresponsive ligand: a depolarized dynamic light scattering study. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:4019-4026. [PMID: 33690774 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00077b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Probing the rotational and translational diffusion and colloidal stability of nanorods is of significant fundamental interest with implications for many different applications. Recently R. Nixon-Luke and G. Bryant presented a method to analyze angle-dependent depolarized dynamic light scattering data allowing for the clear separation of the translational and rotational diffusion coefficients of gold nanorods in dilute suspension (R. Nixon-Luke and G. Bryant, Part. Part. Syst. Charact., 2018, 36, 1800388). In the present work we applied this analysis to gold nanorods decorated with high molecular weight, thermoresponsive poly-N-isopropylacrylamide ligands, which results in particles with lower effective aspect ratios. The temperature response of the ligand shell is studied. We precisely determine the translational and rotational diffusion coefficients over a broad range of temperatures and the results are compared to theoretical predictions. The results show that as temperature increases the ligands collapse, and the effective aspect ratio increases as the particle shape transitions from prolate spheroid at low temperatures to more cylindrical at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Déborah Feller
- Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Marius Otten
- Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Marco Hildebrandt
- Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Marcel Krüsmann
- Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Gary Bryant
- Physics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Matthias Karg
- Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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14
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Sun H, Liu J, Zhou C, Yang W, Liu H, Zhang X, Li Z, Zhang B, Jie W, Xu Y. Enhanced Transmission from Visible to Terahertz in ZnTe Crystals with Scalable Subwavelength Structures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:16997-17005. [PMID: 33788555 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The zinc blend nonlinear crystal of zinc telluride (ZnTe) is currently one of the most commonly used electro-optical material for terahertz (THz) probe and imaging. We report herein how to engineer the surface behavior of a ZnTe single crystal to design subwavelength structures (SWSs) for enhancing ultrabroadband transmission. Polystyrene (PS) nanoparticle monolayers with a maximum coverage of 85.2% were produced on the ZnTe crystal by an eccentric spin-coating technique combined with surface wettability engineering. Subsequently, the well-defined conical SWS arrays were fabricated on the ZnTe crystal by reactive ion etching over the PS monolayer template, with the size of the SWS arrays customized by optimizing the etching process. Finally, we demonstrated ultrabroadband antireflection on the surface structured ZnTe crystals in the visible-near-infrared, infrared, and terahertz regions with transmittance increase of 11.6%, 10.0%, and 24.8%, which are attributed to the decrease of surface Fresnel reflection by SWS. Notably, in 0.2-1.0 THz, the transmittance reached over 70%. Our work provides a new strategy to enhance the THz generation efficiency and detection sensitivity based on ZnTe crystals by surface engineering.
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15
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Rohleder D, Vana P. Near-Infrared-Triggered Photothermal Aggregation of Polymer-Grafted Gold Nanorods in a Simulated Blood Fluid. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1614-1624. [PMID: 33689319 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanorods were decorated with thermoresponsive copolymers of tailored architecture and constructed from N-isopropyl acrylamide and acrylamide. The copolymers were prepared via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) and immobilized on the gold nanorod surface taking advantage of the aurophilicity of its inherently formed trithiocarbonate groups. The topology as well as the average molecular weight of the copolymers was altered using either a monofunctional or 3-arm star RAFT agent. Two-dimensional arrays of the self-assembled core-shell nanostructures were fabricated by drop-casting showing tunable interparticle spacings. In a simulated blood fluid, the lower critical solution temperature of the nanohybrids could be modified over a significant temperature range around body temperature by adjusting the copolymer composition, the architecture, and/or the size of the polymer. The intrinsic photothermal properties of the gold nanorods were utilized to trigger particle aggregation by irradiation at 808 nm in the optical window of human tissues. In effect, a new nanohybrid system with remotely controllable aggregation via an external NIR-light stimulus for nanomedical applications was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius Rohleder
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Philipp Vana
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, Göttingen 37077, Germany
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16
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Ahmad HMN, Dutta G, Csoros J, Si B, Yang R, Halpern JM, Seitz WR, Song E. Stimuli-Responsive Templated Polymer as a Target Receptor for a Conformation-based Electrochemical Sensing Platform. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2021; 3:329-341. [PMID: 33748761 PMCID: PMC7971449 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.0c01120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The use of highly crosslinked molecularly imprinted polymers as a synthetic target receptor has the limitations of restricted accessibility to the binding sites resulting in slow response time. Moreover, such artificial receptors often require additional transduction mechanisms to translate target binding events into measurable signals. Here, we propose the development of a single-chain stimuli-responsive templated polymer, without using any covalent interchain crosslinkers, as a target recognition element. The synthesized polymer chain exhibits preferential binding with the target molecule with which the polymer is templated. Moreover, upon specific target recognition, the polymer undergoes conformation change induced by its particular stimuli responsiveness, namely the target binding event. Such templated single-chain polymers can be attached to the electrode surface to implement a label-free electrochemical sensing platform. A target analyte, 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), was used as a template to synthesize a poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM)-based copolymer chain which was anchored to the electrode to be used as a selective receptor for 4-NP. The electrode surface chemistry analysis and the electrochemical impedance study reveal that the polymer concentration, the interchain interactions, and the Hofmeister effect play a major role in influencing the rate of polymer grafting as well as the morphology of the polymers grafted to the electrode. We also show that the specific binding between 4-NP and the copolymer results in a substantial change in the charge transfer kinetics at the electrode signifying the polymer conformation change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib M. N. Ahmad
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, United States
| | - Gaurab Dutta
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, United States
| | - John Csoros
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, United States
| | - Bo Si
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, United States
| | - Rongfang Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, United States
| | - Jeffrey M. Halpern
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, United States
| | - W. Rudolf Seitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, United States
| | - Edward Song
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, United States
- Materials Science Program, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, United States
- Corresponding Author: Edward Song, . Phone: +1-603-862-5498
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17
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Peng W, Cai Y, Fanslau L, Vana P. Nanoengineering with RAFT polymers: from nanocomposite design to applications. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01172c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization is a powerful tool for the precise formation of macromolecular building blocks that can be used for the construction of well-defined nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Peng
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yingying Cai
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luise Fanslau
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Vana
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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18
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Wu S, Lei L, Xia Y, Oliver S, Chen X, Boyer C, Nie Z, Shi S. PNIPAM-immobilized gold-nanoparticles with colorimetric temperature-sensing and reusable temperature-switchable catalysis properties. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01180d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The temperature-responsive core–shell hybrid nanoparticles PNIPAMs-AuNP have dual-functional applications as colorimetric temperature-sensors and reusable temperature-switchable catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Yuzheng Xia
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Susan Oliver
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Xiaonong Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Zhiyong Nie
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Shuxian Shi
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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19
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Ponomareva E, Volk K, Mulvaney P, Karg M. Surface Lattice Resonances in Self-Assembled Gold Nanoparticle Arrays: Impact of Lattice Period, Structural Disorder, and Refractive Index on Resonance Quality. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:13601-13612. [PMID: 33147412 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Surface lattice resonances are optical resonances composed of hybridized plasmonic and diffractive modes. These collective resonances occur in periodic arrays of plasmonic nanoparticles with wavelength-scale interparticle distances. The appearance and strength of surface lattice resonances strongly depend on the single particle localized surface plasmon resonance and its spectral overlap with the diffractive modes of the array. Coupling to in-plane orders of diffraction is also strongly affected by the refractive index environment and its symmetry. In this work, we address the impact of the interparticle distance, the symmetry of the refractive index environment, and structural imperfections in self-assembled colloidal monolayers on the plasmonic-diffractive coupling. For this purpose, we prepared hexagonally ordered, nonclose packed monolayers of gold nanoparticles using a fast and efficient, interface-mediated, colloidal self-assembly approach. By tuning the thickness and deformability of the polymer shells, we were able to prepare monolayers with a broad range of interparticle distances. The optical properties of the samples were studied experimentally by UV-Vis spectroscopy and theoretically by finite difference time domain simulations. The measured and simulated spectra allow a comprehensive analysis of the details of electromagnetic coupling in periodic plasmonic arrays. In particular, we identify relevant criteria required for surface lattice resonances in the visible wavelength range with optimized quality factors in self-assembled monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Ponomareva
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kirsten Volk
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Paul Mulvaney
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Matthias Karg
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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20
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Hendrich K, Peng W, Vana P. Controlled Arrangement of Gold Nanoparticles on Planar Surfaces via Constrained Dewetting of Surface-Grafted RAFT Polymer. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1214. [PMID: 32466607 PMCID: PMC7362209 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Linear and four-arm star polystyrene samples prepared by RAFT polymerization were grafted to gold surfaces directly via their thiocarbonylthio-end groups. Nanoscale polymer patterns were subsequently formed via constrained dewetting. The patterned polymer films then served as a template for the precise arrangement of gold nanoparticles in a monolayer with a well-defined and regular structure. Using star polymers as a linker between the planar gold surface and the particles, the structural stability of the arranged particles can be further enhanced. The surface-bound nanocomposite films made of polymer and nanoparticles can also reversibly switch their nanostructures by simple wetting or dewetting treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Philipp Vana
- Georg-August-University Göttingen, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Tammannstr. 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany; (K.H.); (W.P.)
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21
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Rossner C. Consequences of End-Group Fidelity for the Quantitative Analysis of Surface Grafting of Polymers. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:422-425. [PMID: 35648541 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
End-functional polymers are employed in a wide range of functionalization reactions, including, among others, polymer surface grafting. Herein, kinetic (PREDICI) simulations are used to investigate to what extent the molar mass distribution (MMD) of α-end-functional polymers derived from RAFT polymerization may differ from the MMD of nonfunctional chains and the overall polymeric material. The results indicate that the MMD of the overall polymeric material (as commonly accessed in experiments) may not provide a good estimate for the MMD of α-end-functional chains, if polymerization conditions deviate strongly from pseudoliving conditions. Careful consideration of this behavior is required when using α-end-functional RAFT polymers in quantitative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Rossner
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere, Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
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22
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Lu H, Su J, Mamdooh R, Li Y, Stenzel MH. Cellular Uptake of Gold Nanoparticles and Their Movement in 3D Multicellular Tumor Spheroids: Effect of Molecular Weight and Grafting Density of Poly(2‐hydroxyl ethyl acrylate). Macromol Biosci 2019; 20:e1900221. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Lu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices University of Technology Sydney Sydney NSW 2007 Australia
| | - Jiaying Su
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Russul Mamdooh
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Yimeng Li
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Martina H. Stenzel
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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23
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Rosencrantz S, Tang JSJ, Schulte‐Osseili C, Böker A, Rosencrantz RR. Glycopolymers by RAFT Polymerization as Functional Surfaces for Galectin‐3. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Rosencrantz
- Biofunctionalized Materials and (Glyco)Biotechnology Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Jo Sing Julia Tang
- Biofunctionalized Materials and (Glyco)Biotechnology Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Christine Schulte‐Osseili
- Biofunctionalized Materials and (Glyco)Biotechnology Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Alexander Böker
- Chair of Polymer Materials and Polymer Technologies Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam Karl‐Liebknecht‐Str. 24–25 14476 Potsdam Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Ruben R. Rosencrantz
- Biofunctionalized Materials and (Glyco)Biotechnology Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam Germany
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24
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Sindram J, Volk K, Mulvaney P, Karg M. Silver Nanoparticle Gradient Arrays: Fluorescence Enhancement of Organic Dyes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8776-8783. [PMID: 31177782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Noble metal nanoparticles show pronounced extinction peaks in the visible wavelength range due to their localized surface plasmon resonances. The excitation of these resonances leads to strong confinement of electromagnetic energy at nanometer scales, which is critical for ultrasensitive, fluorescence-based detection of analytes. The strength and spatial distribution of this near-field zone depend on particle size, shape, and composition. To determine how these near-field effects depend on the particle size, we have prepared nanoparticle gradients on centimeter-scale substrates using a colloid-based approach. This plasmonic gradient is used to study the steady-state emission and fluorescence lifetime of a common organic dye that was embedded into the monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Sindram
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstraße 1 , D-40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Kirsten Volk
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstraße 1 , D-40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Paul Mulvaney
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science , The University of Melbourne , School of Chemistry, Parkville , VIC 3110 , Australia
| | - Matthias Karg
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstraße 1 , D-40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
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25
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Rossner C, Zhulina EB, Kumacheva E. Staged Surface Patterning and Self‐Assembly of Nanoparticles Functionalized with End‐Grafted Block Copolymer Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Rossner
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Ekaterina B. Zhulina
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences Saint Petersburg 199004 Russia
| | - Eugenia Kumacheva
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 3E5 Canada
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26
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Rossner C, Zhulina EB, Kumacheva E. Staged Surface Patterning and Self‐Assembly of Nanoparticles Functionalized with End‐Grafted Block Copolymer Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9269-9274. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Rossner
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Ekaterina B. Zhulina
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences Saint Petersburg 199004 Russia
| | - Eugenia Kumacheva
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 3E5 Canada
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27
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Tian J, Huang B, Zhang W. Precise Self-Assembly and Controlled Catalysis of Thermoresponsive Core-Satellite Multicomponent Hybrid Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:266-275. [PMID: 30525653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The construction of multicomponent hybrid nanomaterials with well-controlled architecture, especially bearing an ordered homogeneity and distribution of the subunits with tunable functions, is a key challenge in chemistry and material science. Herein, we reported a versatile and novel strategy to fabricate core-satellite multicomponent nanostructures with tunable interparticle distances and catalysis properties by the combination of surface-initiated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (SI-RAFT) polymerization and self-assembly. The arrangement and interparticle distance of gold satellites could be precisely tuned by the SI-RAFT polymerization process and the feeding ratio of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and the core nanoparticle. It is worth to note that multilayered core-satellite nanostructures have been fabricated by a high-feeding ratio of AuNPs and magnetite NP (MNP)@SiO2-PNIPAm. Notably, the core-satellite MNP@SiO2-PNIPAm-Au nanoparticles exhibited excellent thermoresponsive behaviors with the change of temperature. Furthermore, the catalytic efficiency of MNP@SiO2-PNIPAm-Au nanoparticles via the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol can be well modulated by the nanoparticle size, temperature, and polymer feed ratio. This strategy for precise construction of core-satellite nanostructures would open a new pathway to construct multicomponent functional nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , People's Republic of China
| | - Baoxuan Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , People's Republic of China
| | - Weian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , People's Republic of China
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28
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Benkovičová M, Hološ A, NádaŽdy P, Halahovets Y, Kotlár M, Kollár J, Šiffalovič P, Jergel M, Majková E, Mosnáček J, Ivančo J. Tailoring the interparticle distance in Langmuir nanoparticle films. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:9553-9563. [PMID: 31020973 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02064k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The ability to control the interparticle distance in self-assembled arrays of nanoparticles plays an important role in a large number of applications, which require tunable electronic and photonic properties. Importantly, practical applications in real devices rely on arrays satisfying more stringent requirements of lateral homogeneity controlled over a large scale. Herein, the interparticle distance in ordered nanoparticle assemblies was controlled by varying the nanoparticle effective size via the molecular chemical nature and chain length of the ligand. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were functionalized by three types of ligands, namely (i) a mixture of oleic acid/oleylamine (OA/OAm), (ii) poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PBA) and (iii) polystyrene (PS), while two different molar masses of PBA and PS were used. The polymeric ligands with narrow dispersity and bearing phosphonic chain-end groups were prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization. Functionalization of the IONPs with polymeric ligands was achieved using a ligand exchange method. Both the hydrodynamic diameter and size distribution of the nanoparticles in colloidal solution were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The mean interparticle distances in Langmuir-Schaefer monolayers prepared on solid substrates were assessed by means of the pair correlation function calculated from the atomic force microscopy (AFM) images. Furthermore, the lateral ordering, homogeneity, and interparticle distances averaged over a mesoscopic scale of the ordered monolayers were studied by the grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) technique. We demonstrate that the (nanoparticle) centre-to-centre distance in the ordered assemblies constituted by the IONPs with the core diameter of about 6 nm can be varied from 7.6 to about 12 nm with the resulting interparticle gap change by a factor of about 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Benkovičová
- Institute of Physics, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 11 Bratislava, Slovak Academy of Science, Slovakia.
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29
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Arzehgar Z, Ahmadi H. A convenient one-pot method for the synthesis of symmetrical dialkyl trithiocarbonates using NH4
OAc under mild neutral conditions. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201800062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hosna Ahmadi
- Department of Chemistry; Ilam University; Ilam Iran
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30
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Rossner C, Letofsky-Papst I, Fery A, Lederer A, Kothleitner G. Thermoreversible Surface Polymer Patches: A Cryogenic Transmission Electron Microscopy Investigation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:8622-8628. [PMID: 29958497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid core-shell type nanoparticles from gold nanoparticle cores and poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) shells were investigated with regard to their structural plasticity. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization was used to synthesize well-defined polymers that can be readily anchored onto the gold nanoparticle surface. The polymer shell morphologies were directly visualized in their native solution state at high resolution by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, and the microscopic results were further corroborated by dynamic light scattering. Different environmental conditions and brush architectures are covered by our experiments, which leads to distinct thermally induced responses. These responses include constrained dewetting of the nanoparticle surface at temperatures above the lower critical solution temperature of poly( N-isopropylacrylamide), leading to surface polymer patches. This effect provides a novel approach toward breaking the symmetry of nanoparticle interactions, and we show first evidence for its impact on the formation of colloidal superstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andreas Fery
- Cluster of Excellence Centre for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) , Technische Universität Dresden , D-01062 Dresden , Germany
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31
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Cai Y, Peng W, Demeshko S, Tian J, Vana P. Silica-Coated Magnetite Nanoparticles Carrying a High-Density Polymer Brush Shell of Hydrophilic Polymer. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 39:e1800226. [PMID: 29876994 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Integrating the properties of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) and high-density polymer brushes in one structure requires sophisticated synthetic designs and effective chemical approaches. A simple and versatile strategy for the fabrication of hydrophilic-polymer-capped magnetite-core-silica-shell nanohybrids with well-defined structure employing reverse microemulsion technique and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization is presented. The high-density polymer brush allows precise patterning of the magnetic nanohybrids with a tunable interparticle distance ranging from 20 nm to 80 nm by controlling the polymer size. The high structural precision provides a near stand-alone state of the MNPs in the nanohybrids with effectively inhibited magnetic interaction, as shown by superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Cai
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, Göttinge, 37077, Germany
| | - Wentao Peng
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, Göttinge, 37077, Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, Göttinge, 37077, Germany
| | - Jia Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Philipp Vana
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, Göttinge, 37077, Germany
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32
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Rossner C, Tang Q, Müller M, Kothleitner G. Phase separation in mixed polymer brushes on nanoparticle surfaces enables the generation of anisotropic nanoarchitectures. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:4551-4557. [PMID: 29767175 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00545a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of nanoparticles and their targeted connection with other functional units is one key challenge in developing nanoscale devices. Herein, we report an experimental strategy toward the development of anisotropic nanoparticle architectures. Our approach is based on phase separation of binary mixed polymer brushes on gold nanoparticle surfaces leading to Janus-type structures, as revealed by scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy and, additionally, corroborated by computer simulation. We show that such structures can be used for the site-selective functionalization with additional nanosized entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Rossner
- Institut für Elektronenmikroskopie und Nanoanalytik, Technische Universität Graz, Steyrergasse 17, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
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33
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Tang SY, Qiao R, Yan S, Yuan D, Zhao Q, Yun G, Davis TP, Li W. Microfluidic Mass Production of Stabilized and Stealthy Liquid Metal Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1800118. [PMID: 29682878 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201800118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Functional nanoparticles comprised of liquid metals, such as eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) and Galinstan, present exciting opportunities in the fields of flexible electronics, sensors, catalysts, and drug delivery systems. Methods used currently for producing liquid metal nanoparticles have significant disadvantages as they rely on both bulky and expensive high-power sonication probe systems, and also generally require the use of small molecules bearing thiol groups to stabilize the nanoparticles. Herein, an innovative microfluidics-enabled platform is described as an inexpensive, easily accessible method for the on-chip mass production of EGaIn nanoparticles with tunable size distributions in an aqueous medium. A novel nanoparticle-stabilization approach is reported using brushed polyethylene glycol chains with trithiocarbonate end-groups negating the requirements for thiol additives while imparting a "stealth" surface layer. Furthermore, a surface modification of the nanoparticles is demonstrated using galvanic replacement and conjugation with antibodies. It is envisioned that the demonstrated microfluidic technique can be used as an economic and versatile platform for the rapid production of liquid metal-based nanoparticles for a range of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yang Tang
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Ruirui Qiao
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Sheng Yan
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Dan Yuan
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Qianbin Zhao
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Guolin Yun
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Thomas P Davis
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK
| | - Weihua Li
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
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34
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Wagner J, Peng W, Vana P. Polyethylene-Grafted Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Using Catalyzed Chain Growth (CCG). Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E407. [PMID: 30966442 PMCID: PMC6415259 DOI: 10.3390/polym10040407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report an efficient synthesis route for the formation of gold/silver-core⁻PE-shell nanohybrids in a simple self-assembly approach using PE with strong aurophilicity and argentophilicity, via thiol- and trithiocarbonate terminated moieties. This united the unique properties of polyethylene (PE) with gold and silver nanoparticles, using the well-defined end-group design of PE. These nanocomposites showed a similar solubility as PE, as confirmed by dynamic light scattering, and could be fully incorporated into a polyethylene matrix with different particle contents, as visualized by transmission electron microscopy. Using UV/vis-spectroscopy, we observed reversible, thermoresponsive aggregation/deaggregation properties in the nanohybrids, validating the strong and effective anchoring of PE on gold/silver surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannik Wagner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Wentao Peng
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Philipp Vana
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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35
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Tan J, Li X, Zeng R, Liu D, Xu Q, He J, Zhang Y, Dai X, Yu L, Zeng Z, Zhang L. Expanding the Scope of Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly: Z-RAFT-Mediated Photoinitiated Dispersion Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:255-262. [PMID: 35610903 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In this communication, we developed the first well-controlled Z-RAFT (RAFT = reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer) mediated polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) formulation based on photoinitiated RAFT dispersion polymerization of tert-butyl acrylate (tBA) in ethanol/water (60/40, w/w) at room temperature using a Z-type macromolecular chain transfer agent (macro-CTA). Polymerizations proceeded rapidly via the exposure of visible-light irradiation (405 nm, 0.45 mW/cm2) with high monomer conversion (>95%) being achieved within 1 h. A variety of polymer nano-objects (spheres, worms, and vesicles) with narrow molar mass distributions were prepared by this Z-RAFT mediated PISA formulation. Silver nanoparticles were loaded with the vesicles via in situ reduction, which can be used as a catalyst for the reduction of methylene blue (MB) in the presence of NaBH4. Finally, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis demonstrated that the corona block and the core-forming block could be cleaved by treating with excess initiator. This novel PISA formulation will greatly expand the scope of PISA and provide more mechanistic insights into the PISA research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Tan
- Department
of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xueliang Li
- Department
of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ruiming Zeng
- Department
of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dongdong Liu
- Department
of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department
of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun He
- Department
of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department
of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaocong Dai
- Department
of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liangliang Yu
- Department
of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhaohua Zeng
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department
of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangzhou 510006, China
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36
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Pereira SO, Barros-Timmons A, Trindade T. Polymer@gold Nanoparticles Prepared via RAFT Polymerization for Opto-Biodetection. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E189. [PMID: 30966225 PMCID: PMC6415202 DOI: 10.3390/polym10020189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colloidal gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) have been used in several biological applications, which include the exploitation of size- and shape-dependent Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) in biosensing devices. In order to obtain functional and stable Au NPs in a physiological medium, surface modification and functionalization are crucial steps in these endeavors. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization meets this need offering the possibility of control over the composition and architecture of polymeric shells coating Au NPs. Furthermore, playing with a careful choice of monomers, RAFT polymerization allows the possibility to design a polymer shell with the desired functional groups aiming at Au based nanocomposites suitable for biorecognition and biotargeting. This review provides important aspects concerning the synthesis and optical properties of Au NPs as well as concepts of RAFT polymerization. Understanding these concepts is crucial to appreciate the chemical strategies available towards RAFT-polymer coated Au core-shell nanostructures, which are here reviewed. Finally, examples of applications in opto-biodetection devices are provided and the potential of responsive "smart" nanomaterials based on such structures can be applied to other biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia O Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ana Barros-Timmons
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Tito Trindade
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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37
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Kreutzer J, Yagci Y. Metal Free Reversible-Deactivation Radical Polymerizations: Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 10:E35. [PMID: 30966069 PMCID: PMC6415071 DOI: 10.3390/polym10010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A considerable amount of the worldwide industrial production of synthetic polymers is currently based on radical polymerization methods. The steadily increasing demand on high performance plastics and tailored polymers which serve specialized applications is driven by the development of new techniques to enable control of polymerization reactions on a molecular level. Contrary to conventional radical polymerization, reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) techniques provide the possibility to prepare polymers with well-defined structures and functionalities. The review provides a comprehensive summary over the development of the three most important RDRP methods, which are nitroxide mediated radical polymerization, atom transfer radical polymerization and reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. The focus thereby is set on the newest developments in transition metal free systems, which allow using these techniques for biological or biomedical applications. After each section selected examples from materials synthesis and application to biomedical materials are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Kreutzer
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) and Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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38
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Strozyk MS, Jimenez de Aberasturi D, Liz-Marzán LM. Composite Polymer Colloids for SERS-Based Applications. CHEM REC 2017; 18:807-818. [PMID: 29239136 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201700082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Polymers and nanoparticles can be combined into different materials with applications in various fields like catalysis, biotechnology, or drug delivery, to cite just a few. Colloidal composites may vary significantly, ranging from a single nanoparticle stabilized by a polymer shell through a polymeric carrier decorated with hundreds of particles. We review here composite colloids comprising gold nanoparticles, with an emphasis in systems with potential application in surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The focus is on selected strategies for synthesis and functionalization, such as: encapsulation of gold nanoparticles by amphiphilic polymers, polymeric matrices as nanoparticle carriers and smart polymer based composites. We stress the benefits derived from the combination of polymers and metal particles toward SERS, such as chemical and colloidal stabilization in complex environments, and collective optical effects through hot spot generation for optimized SERS enhancement or improved imaging tags.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte S Strozyk
- Bionanoplasmonics Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Dorleta Jimenez de Aberasturi
- Bionanoplasmonics Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Luis M Liz-Marzán
- Bionanoplasmonics Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
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39
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Hummel P, Lerch A, Goller SM, Karg M, Retsch M. Simple and High Yield Synthesis of Metal-Polymer Nanocomposites: The Role of Theta-Centrifugation as an Essential Purification Step. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E659. [PMID: 30965960 PMCID: PMC6418674 DOI: 10.3390/polym9120659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocomposites are an important materials class, which strives to foster synergistic effects from the intimate mixture of two vastly different materials. Inorganic nanoparticles decorated with polymer ligands, for instance, aim to combine the processing flexibility of polymers with the mechanical robustness of solid state materials. The fabrication and purification of such composite nanoparticles, however, still presents a synthetic challenge. Here, we present a simple synthesis of silver polystyrene nanocomposites with a controllable interparticle distance. The interparticle distance can be well-controlled with a few nanometer precision using polystyrene ligands with various molecular weights. The nanoparticle and polymer ligand synthesis yield both materials on gram scales. Consequently, the polymer nanocomposites can also be fabricated in such large amounts. Most importantly, we introduce Θ-centrifugation as a purification method, which is capable of purifying large nanocomposite batches in a reproducible manner. We employ a range of characterization methods to prove the successful purification procedure, such as transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and dynamic light scattering. Our contribution will be of high interest for many groups working on nanocomposite materials, where the sample purification has been a challenge up to now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Hummel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Arne Lerch
- Physical Chemistry I, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | | | - Matthias Karg
- Physical Chemistry I, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Markus Retsch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
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40
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Rossner C, Tang Q, Glatter O, Müller M, Vana P. Uniform Distance Scaling Behavior of Planet-Satellite Nanostructures Made by Star Polymers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:2017-2026. [PMID: 28170264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b04473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Planet-satellite nanostructures from RAFT star polymers and larger (planet) as well as smaller (satellite) gold nanoparticles are analyzed in experiments and computer simulations regarding the influence of arm number of star polymers. A uniform scaling behavior of planet-satellite distances as a function of arm length was found both in the dried state (via transmission electron microscopy) after casting the nanostructures on surfaces and in the colloidally dispersed state (via simulations and small-angle X-ray scattering) when 2-, 3-, and 6-arm star polymers were employed. This indicates that the planet-satellite distances are mainly determined by the arm length of star polymers. The observed discrepancy between TEM and simulated distances can be attributed to the difference of polymer configurations in dried and dispersed state. Our results also show that these distances are controlled by the density of star polymers end groups, and the number of grabbed satellite particles is determined by the magnitude of the corresponding density. These findings demonstrate the feasibility to precisely control the planet-satellite structures at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Rossner
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Qiyun Tang
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Otto Glatter
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Technische Universität Graz , Stremayrgasse 9/V, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Marcus Müller
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Vana
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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41
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Honold T, Skrybeck D, Wagner KG, Karg M. Fully Reversible Quantitative Phase Transfer of Gold Nanoparticles Using Bifunctional PNIPAM Ligands. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:253-261. [PMID: 27996278 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Ligand exchange with end-functionalized polymers is often applied to render nanoparticles with enhanced colloidal stability, to change the solubility in various environments, and/or to introduce new functionalities. Here we show that exchange of citrate molecules with α-trithiocarbonate-ω-carboxyl-terminated poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) can successfully stabilize spherical gold particles of different diameters ranging from 15 to 53 nm. This is verified by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and extinction spectroscopy. We show that the polymer-decorated nanoparticles respond to temperature and pH allowing access to control interparticle interactions. In a range of pH slightly below the pKa of the terminal carboxyl groups, phase transfer of the particles from water to chloroform can be mediated by increasing the dispersion temperature above the lower critical solution temperature of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). Upon cooling, fully reversible phase transfer to the water phase is observed. Extinction spectroscopy reveals phase transfer efficiencies close to 100% for every system under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Honold
- Physical Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth , Universitaetsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Dominik Skrybeck
- Physical Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth , Universitaetsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Kristina G Wagner
- Physical Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth , Universitaetsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
- Physical Chemistry I, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf , Universitaetsstr. 1, 40204 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Karg
- Physical Chemistry I, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf , Universitaetsstr. 1, 40204 Duesseldorf, Germany
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42
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Huebner D, Rossner C, Vana P. Light-induced self-assembly of gold nanoparticles with a photoresponsive polymer shell. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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43
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Peng W, Rossner C, Roddatis V, Vana P. Gold-Planet-Silver-Satellite Nanostructures Using RAFT Star Polymer. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:1227-1231. [PMID: 35614750 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The hierarchical self-assembly of distinct nanoelements into precisely ordered nanostructures requires efficient and flexible fabrication strategies. Herein, we report the precise fabrication of bimetallic gold-planet-silver-satellite nanoparticle-arrangements employing RAFT star polymers as particle linker connecting gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with judiciously modified surface activity. The strengths of this approach include the adjustability of interparticle distances by tailoring the star polymer molar mass. The prepared nanoassemblies have well-defined structures in which a planet AuNP (∼13 nm) is encompassed by several satellite AgNPs (∼8 nm), thus incorporating the properties of both AuNPs and AgNPs, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and UV-vis spectra. Our results highlight the general applicability of RAFT star polymers as a nanosynthesis platform for synthesizing noble metal nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Peng
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Rossner
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vladimir Roddatis
- Institut
für Materialphysik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz
1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Vana
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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44
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Rossner C, Roddatis V, Lopatin S, Vana P. Functionalization of Planet-Satellite Nanostructures Revealed by Nanoscopic Localization of Distinct Macromolecular Species. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 37:1742-1747. [PMID: 27717056 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The development of a straightforward method is reported to form hybrid polymer/gold planet-satellite nanostructures (PlSNs) with functional polymer. Polyacrylate type polymer with benzyl chloride in its backbone as a macromolecular tracer is synthesized to study its localization within PlSNs by analyzing the elemental distribution of chlorine. The functionalized nanohybrid structures are analyzed by scanning transmission electron microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and spectrum imaging. The results show that the RAFT (reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer) polymers' sulfur containing end groups are colocalized at the gold cores, both within nanohybrids of simple core-shell morphology and within higher order PlSNs, providing microscopic evidence for the affinity of the RAFT group toward gold surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Rossner
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 6, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vladimir Roddatis
- Institut für Materialphysik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sergei Lopatin
- Core Lab King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Philipp Vana
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 6, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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Tian J, Vana P. Polystyrene-Core-Silica-Shell Hybrid Particles Containing Gold and Magnetic Nanoparticles. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:596-603. [PMID: 26639677 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201501314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Polystyrene-core-silica-shell hybrid particles were synthesized by combining the self-assembly of nanoparticles and the polymer with a silica coating strategy. The core-shell hybrid particles are composed of gold-nanoparticle-decorated polystyrene (PS-AuNP) colloids as the core and silica particles as the shell. PS-AuNP colloids were generated by the self-assembly of the PS-grafted AuNPs. The silica coating improved the thermal stability and dispersibility of the AuNPs. By removing the "free" PS of the core, hollow particles with a hydrophobic cage having a AuNP corona and an inert silica shell were obtained. Also, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were encapsulated in the core, which resulted in magnetic core-shell hybrid particles by the same strategy. These particles have potential applications in biomolecular separation and high-temperature catalysis and as nanoreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tian
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Philipp Vana
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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Kuroiwa K, Koga Y, Ishimaru Y, Nakashima T, Hachisako H, Sakurai S. Morphological control of hybrid amphiphilic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)/metal cyanide complexes. Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2016.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Singh CR, Honold T, Gujar TP, Retsch M, Fery A, Karg M, Thelakkat M. The role of colloidal plasmonic nanostructures in organic solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:23155-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04451d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A colloidal self-assembly concept is introduced for the fabrication of optically homogenous monolayers of plasmonic Au-nanoparticles in organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. R. Singh
- Applied Functional Polymers
- Macromolecular Chemistry I
- University of Bayreuth
- 95447 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - T. Honold
- Department of Physical Chemistry 1
- University of Bayreuth
- 95447 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - T. P. Gujar
- Applied Functional Polymers
- Macromolecular Chemistry I
- University of Bayreuth
- 95447 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - M. Retsch
- Jr. Prof. for Polymer Systems
- Physical Chemistry 1
- University of Bayreuth
- 95447 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - A. Fery
- Department of Physical Chemistry 1
- University of Bayreuth
- 95447 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - M. Karg
- Department of Physical Chemistry 1
- University of Bayreuth
- 95447 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - M. Thelakkat
- Applied Functional Polymers
- Macromolecular Chemistry I
- University of Bayreuth
- 95447 Bayreuth
- Germany
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Paramelle D, Gorelik S, Liu Y, Kumar J. Photothermally responsive gold nanoparticle conjugated polymer-grafted porous hollow silica nanocapsules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:9897-900. [PMID: 27427407 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04187f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A laser triggered release of encapsulated compounds from gold conjugated polymer-grafted porous hollow silica nanocapsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Paramelle
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
- Singapore
| | - Sergey Gorelik
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
- Singapore
| | - Ye Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
- Singapore
| | - Jatin Kumar
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
- Singapore
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Cepraga C, Favier A, Lerouge F, Alcouffe P, Chamignon C, Lanoë PH, Monnereau C, Marotte S, Ben Daoud E, Marvel J, Leverrier Y, Andraud C, Parola S, Charreyre MT. Fluorescent gold nanoparticles with chain-end grafted RAFT copolymers: influence of the polymer molecular weight and type of chromophore. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01625a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence of gold nanoparticles functionalized with chain-end grafted RAFT copolymers increases with polymer corona thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arnaud Favier
- Univ Lyon
- Ens de Lyon
- CNRS
- Laboratoire Joliot-Curie
- F-69364 Lyon
| | | | - Pierre Alcouffe
- Univ Lyon
- INSA de Lyon
- Université Lyon 1
- CNRS
- Laboratoire Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères
| | - Cécile Chamignon
- Univ Lyon
- INSA de Lyon
- Université Lyon 1
- CNRS
- Laboratoire Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères
| | | | | | - Sophie Marotte
- Univ Lyon
- Ens de Lyon
- CNRS
- Laboratoire Joliot-Curie
- F-69364 Lyon
| | - Edna Ben Daoud
- Univ Lyon
- Ens de Lyon
- CNRS
- Laboratoire Joliot-Curie
- F-69364 Lyon
| | | | | | - Chantal Andraud
- Univ Lyon
- Ens de Lyon
- CNRS
- Université Lyon 1
- Laboratoire de Chimie
| | - Stéphane Parola
- Univ Lyon
- Ens de Lyon
- CNRS
- Université Lyon 1
- Laboratoire de Chimie
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