1
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Reda H, Katsamba P, Chazirakis A, Harmandaris V. Probing the Linear-to-Plastic Transition in Polymer Nanocomposites via Atomistic Simulations: The Role of Interphases. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400612. [PMID: 39292818 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites have found ubiquitous use across diverse industries, attributable to their distinctive properties and enhanced mechanical performance compared to conventional materials. Elucidating the elastic-to-plastic transition in polymer nanocomposites under diverse mechanical loads is paramount for the bespoke design of materials with desired mechanical attributes. In the current work, the elastic-to-plastic transition is probed in model systems of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and silica, SiO2, nanoparticles, through detailed atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. This comprehensive, multi-scale analysis unveils pivotal markers of the elastic-to-plastic transition, highlighting the quintessential role of microstructural and regional heterogeneities in density, strain, and stress fields, featuring the polymer-nanoparticle interphase region. At the atomic level, the behavior of polymer chains interacting with nanoparticle surfaces is traced, differentiating between free and adsorbed chains, and identifying the microscopic origins of the linear-to-plastic transition. The mechanical behavior of subregions are characterized within the PEO/SiO2 nanocomposites, focusing on the interphase and bulk-like polymer areas, probing stress heterogeneities and their decomposition into various force contributions. At the inception of plasticity, a disruption is discerned in isotropy of the polymeric density field, the emergence of low-density regions, and microscopic voids/cavities within the polymer matrix concomitant with a transition of adsorbed chains to free. The yield strain also emerges as an inflection point in the local versus global strain diagram, demarcating the elastic limit, and the plastic regime shows pronounced strain heterogeneities. The decomposition of the atomic Virial stress into bonded and non-bonded interactions indicates that the rigidity of the material is primarily governed by non-bonded interactions, significantly influenced by the volume fraction of the nanoparticle. These findings emphasize the importance of the microstructural and micromechanical environment at the polymer-nanoparticle interface on the linear-to-plastic transition, which is of great importance in the design of nanocomposite materials with advanced mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Reda
- Computation-based Science and Technology Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, Aglantzia, Nicosia, 2121, Cyprus
| | - Panayiota Katsamba
- Computation-based Science and Technology Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, Aglantzia, Nicosia, 2121, Cyprus
| | - Anthony Chazirakis
- Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Heraklion, GR-71110, Greece
| | - Vagelis Harmandaris
- Computation-based Science and Technology Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, Aglantzia, Nicosia, 2121, Cyprus
- Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Heraklion, GR-71110, Greece
- Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Crete, Heraklion, GR-71110, Greece
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2
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Shi R, Yu L, Zhang N, Yang Y, Lu ZY, Qian HJ. Molecular Origin of the Reinforcement Effect and Its Strain-Rate Dependence in Polymer Nanocomposite Glass. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:1052-1057. [PMID: 37449975 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the molecular origin of mechanical reinforcement in a polymer nanocomposite (PNC) under a glass state via molecular dynamics simulations. The strength of the PNC system is found to be reinforced mainly via reduced plastic deformations of the nanoparticle neighborhood (NN). Such a reinforcement effect is found to decay with an increase in the strain rate. The Arrhenius-Eyring relation is used to analyze its origin. The amplitude of the reinforcement is found to be determined by the difference between the energy barrier (ΔE) for the activation of NN and the work (W) done by the applied stress to conquer that barrier. A larger strain rate is found to result in a larger W and, hence, a weaker reinforcement effect. Such a strain-rate dependence is verified in the experimental tensile tests of a poly(vinyl alcohol)/SiO2 composite system. These results not only provide a new understanding of the molecular origin of the reinforcement effect in the PNC system, but also pave the way for a better design of the PNC material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China, 130021
| | - Linxiuzi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China, 130021
| | - Niboqia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China, 130021
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China, 130021
| | - Zhong-Yuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China, 130021
| | - Hu-Jun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China, 130021
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3
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Kesler D, Ariyawansa BP, Rathnayake H. Mechanical Properties and Synergistic Interfacial Interactions of ZnO Nanorod-Reinforced Polyamide-Imide Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061522. [PMID: 36987302 PMCID: PMC10055968 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticle -reinforced polymers have received considerable attention due to their favorable mechanical properties compared to neat materials. However, the effect of nanoscale reinforcements of the interface on the composites' mechanical properties has not been investigated in-depth to reach their optimal performance in structural applications. Aiming at revealing the effect of synergistic interfacial interactions on the mechanical properties of polymer composites, using a nanoscale reinforcement, herein, a series of zinc oxide nanorod-reinforced polyamide-imide (PAI)/ZnO) composites were fabricated and their mechanical properties and viscoelastic responses were investigated. The composite prepared by reinforcing them with 5 wt % ZnO nanorods resulted in improved elastic modulus, stiffness, and hardness values by 32%, 14% and 35%, respectively, compared to neat polymer thin films. The viscoelastic dynamics of the composites revealed that there was an 11% increase in elastic wave speed in the composite, containing 5 wt % ZnO nanorods, indicating better response to high impacts. Delayed viscoelastic response decreased by 67% spatially and 51% temporally, with a corresponding decrease in the creep rate, for the 5 wt % ZnO nanorod- containing composite, evidencing its potential applicability in high strength lightweight structures. The improved mechanical properties with respect to the filler concentration evidence strong particle-polymer interfacial interactions, creating "chain-bound" clusters, providing clear reinforcement and polymer chain mobility retardation. However, hypervelocity impact testing revealed that all the composites' films were vulnerable to hypervelocity impact, but the spallation region of the composite films reinforced with 2.5 wt % and 5 wt % ZnO nanorods exhibited a cellular-like matrix with shock-induced voids compared to a rather hardened spallation region with cracks in the neat film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dallas Kesler
- Nanoscience Department, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Bhanuka P Ariyawansa
- Middle College, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Hemali Rathnayake
- Nanoscience Department, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
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4
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Mizuta R, Mizuno Y, Chen X, Kurihara Y, Taguchi T. Evaluation of an octyl group-modified Alaska pollock gelatin-based surgical sealant for prevention of postoperative adhesion. Acta Biomater 2021; 121:328-338. [PMID: 33326886 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative adhesion can lead to an increase in the number of surgeries required, longer operation times, and high medical costs, resulting in the quality of life of the patient being lowered. To address these clinical problems, we developed a surgical sealant with anti-adhesion properties for the prevention of postoperative adhesion following application to the large intestine surface. The developed sealant was composed of octyl (C8) group-modified Alaska pollock-derived gelatin (C8-ApGltn) and a poly(ethylene)glycol-based 4-armed crosslinker (4S-PEG) (C8-ApGltn/4S-PEG sealant). Hydrophobic modification of the ApGltn molecule with C8 groups effectively enhanced both the burst strength on the large intestine surface and the bulk modulus. An in vitro anti-adhesion test indicated that cured C8-ApGltn/4S-PEG sealant adhered to the large intestine surface showed low adhesive strength compared with commercial anti-adhesion film. Besides, cured C8-ApGltn/4S-PEG sealant effectively inhibited albumin permeation and penetration of L929 fibroblasts. In vivo experiments using a rat peritoneal anti-adhesion model showed that C8-ApGltn/4S-PEG sealant acted as a sealing barrier on the target cecum surface and also provided an anti-adhesion barrier to prevent postoperative adhesion between the peritoneum and cecum. C8-ApGltn/4S-PEG sealant showed sufficient cytocompatibility and biodegradability and therefore has potential for use in gastroenterological surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Mizuta
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan; Polymers and Biomaterials Field, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yosuke Mizuno
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan; Polymers and Biomaterials Field, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Xi Chen
- Polymers and Biomaterials Field, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yukari Kurihara
- Polymers and Biomaterials Field, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Taguchi
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan; Polymers and Biomaterials Field, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
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5
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Zboncak M, Ondreas F, Uhlir V, Lepcio P, Michalicka J, Jancar J. Translation of segment scale stiffening into macroscale reinforcement in polymer nanocomposites. POLYM ENG SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Zboncak
- CEITEC, Brno University of Technology Brno 61200 Czech Republic
| | | | - Vojtech Uhlir
- CEITEC, Brno University of Technology Brno 61200 Czech Republic
| | - Petr Lepcio
- CEITEC, Brno University of Technology Brno 61200 Czech Republic
| | - Jan Michalicka
- CEITEC, Brno University of Technology Brno 61200 Czech Republic
| | - Josef Jancar
- CEITEC, Brno University of Technology Brno 61200 Czech Republic
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6
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Komendová R, Žídek J, Berka M, Jemelková M, Řezáčová V, Conte P, Kučerík J. Small-sized platinum nanoparticles in soil organic matter: Influence on water holding capacity, evaporation and structural rigidity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 694:133822. [PMID: 31756795 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Engineered and anthropogenic nanoparticles represent a new type of pollutants. Up until now, many studies have reported its adverse effect on biota, but the potential influence on the properties and functions of environmental compartments has largely been ignored. In this work, the effect of Pt nanoparticles on the functions and properties of model soil organic matter has been studied. Using differential scanning calorimetry and molecular modeling, the effect of a wide range of 3 nm Pt nanoparticles concentrations on water holding capacity, the strength of water binding, the stability of water molecule bridges and the content of aliphatic crystallites was studied. It was found that strong hydration of the nanoparticles influences the 3D water structural network and acts as kosmotropic agents (structure-forming) in water bridges and as chaotropic agents (i.e. water destructuring) in larger water volumes. Contrarily, the interaction with soil organic matter moieties partially eliminates these effects. As a result, the 3 nm Pt nanoparticles decreased the evaporation enthalpy of water in soil organic matter and supported soil desiccation. They also increased the strength of water molecule bridges and increased the soil structural rigidity even at low concentrations. Additionally, at high concentrations, they decreased the water content in soil organic matter and induced the aliphatic moieties' crystallization. It is concluded that the small-sized Pt nanoparticles, and perhaps other types as well, may affect the local physicochemical processes in soils and may consequently contribute to enhanced evapotranspiration and deterioration of soil functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Komendová
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Žídek
- Central European Institute of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Berka
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Jemelková
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Řezáčová
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pellegrino Conte
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, v.le delle Scienze edificio 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Jiří Kučerík
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic.
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7
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Ondreas F, Lepcio P, Zboncak M, Zarybnicka K, Govaert LE, Jancar J. Effect of Nanoparticle Organization on Molecular Mobility and Mechanical Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frantisek Ondreas
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno 61200, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Lepcio
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno 61200, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Zboncak
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno 61200, Czech Republic
| | - Klara Zarybnicka
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno 61200, Czech Republic
| | - Leon E. Govaert
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven NL-5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Josef Jancar
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno 61200, Czech Republic
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8
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Xu Y, Xu H, Zheng Q, Song Y. Influence of ionic liquid on glass transition, dynamic rheology, and thermal stability of poly(methyl methacrylate)/silica nanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Huilong Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Yihu Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
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9
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Chang J, Lin Y, Chen W, Tian F, Chen P, Zhao J, Li L. Structural origin for the strain rate dependence of mechanical response of fluoroelastomer F2314. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Chang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yuanfei Lin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and TechnologySouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Wei Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Fucheng Tian
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Pinzhang Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Jingyun Zhao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Liangbin Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
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10
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Mizuta R, Taguchi T. Hemostatic properties of in situ gels composed of hydrophobically modified biopolymers. J Biomater Appl 2018; 33:315-323. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328218790313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Hemorrhaging often occurs during cardiac surgery, and postoperative bleeding is associated with medical complications or even death. Medical complications resulting from hemorrhaging can lead to longer hospital stays, thus increasing costs. Hemostatic agents are the main treatment for bleeding. In the present study, hemostatic agents composed of aldehyde groups and hydrophobically modified with hyaluronic acid (ald-hm-HyA) and hydrophobically modified gelatin (hm-ApGltn) were developed and their hemostatic effects were evaluated. These modified hemostatic agents formed more stable blood clots compared with the nonhydrophobically modified HyA-based hemostatic agent. The bulk strength of the whole blood clot using the aldehyde and stearoyl group-modified hyaluronic acid (ald-C18-HyA)/hm-ApGltn-based hemostatic agent was higher than that of the aldehyde group only modified HyA (ald-HyA)/hm-ApGltn-based hemostatic agent. Rheological experiments using α-cyclodextrin showed that hydrophobic modification of HyA with C18 groups effectively enhanced anchoring to the red blood cell surface. Therefore, the ald-hm-HyA/hm-ApGltn-based hemostatic agent has potential applications in cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Mizuta
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Biomaterials Field, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Taguchi
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Biomaterials Field, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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11
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Lepcio P, Ondreas F, Zarybnicka K, Zboncak M, Caha O, Jancar J. Bulk polymer nanocomposites with preparation protocol governed nanostructure: the origin and properties of aggregates and polymer bound clusters. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:2094-2103. [PMID: 29487934 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00150b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) hold great promise as future lightweight functional materials processable by additive manufacturing technologies. However, their rapid deployment is hindered by their performance depending strongly on the nanoparticle (NP) spatial organization. Therefore, the ability to control nanoparticle dispersion in the process of PNC preparation is a crucial prerequisite for utilizing their potential in functional composites. We report on the bulk processing technique of tailored NP spatial organization in a model glass forming polymer matrix controlled by structural and kinetic variables of the preparation protocol. Namely, we studied the impact of solvent on the NP arrangement, which was already known as a tuning parameter of the solid-state structure. We emphasized the qualitative differences between "poorly dispersed" NP arrays, which, by combination of rheological assessment and structural analysis (TEM, USAXS), we identified as chain bound clusters and aggregates of either thermodynamic or kinetical origin. They are characterized by substantially distinct formation kinetics and mismatched properties compared to each other and individually dispersed NPs. We quantitatively linked all the currently observed types of NP dispersion with their rheological properties during the solution blending step and the amount of polymer adsorption and depletion attraction. We propose the ratio of NP-polymer and NP-solvent enthalpy of adsorption as a parameter capable of the quantitative prediction of NP arrangement in systems similar to our current model PNC. Finally, we bring forth the comparison of glass transition temperatures to further demonstrate the importance of NP spatial organization in PNCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Lepcio
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, Brno 61200, Czech Republic.
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12
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Glass transition of poly (methyl methacrylate) filled with nanosilica and core-shell structured silica. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Varol HS, Meng F, Hosseinkhani B, Malm C, Bonn D, Bonn M, Zaccone A, Parekh SH. Nanoparticle amount, and not size, determines chain alignment and nonlinear hardening in polymer nanocomposites. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E3170-E3177. [PMID: 28377517 PMCID: PMC5402406 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1617069114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites-materials in which a polymer matrix is blended with nanoparticles (or fillers)-strengthen under sufficiently large strains. Such strain hardening is critical to their function, especially for materials that bear large cyclic loads such as car tires or bearing sealants. Although the reinforcement (i.e., the increase in the linear elasticity) by the addition of filler particles is phenomenologically understood, considerably less is known about strain hardening (the nonlinear elasticity). Here, we elucidate the molecular origin of strain hardening using uniaxial tensile loading, microspectroscopy of polymer chain alignment, and theory. The strain-hardening behavior and chain alignment are found to depend on the volume fraction, but not on the size of nanofillers. This contrasts with reinforcement, which depends on both volume fraction and size of nanofillers, potentially allowing linear and nonlinear elasticity of nanocomposites to be tuned independently.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Samet Varol
- Department of Molecular Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Fanlong Meng
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | | | - Christian Malm
- Department of Molecular Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel Bonn
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Department of Molecular Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Alessio Zaccone
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3RA, United Kingdom
| | - Sapun H Parekh
- Department of Molecular Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
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14
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Mizuta R, Taguchi T. Enhanced Sealing by Hydrophobic Modification of Alaska Pollock-Derived Gelatin-Based Surgical Sealants for the Treatment of Pulmonary Air Leaks. Macromol Biosci 2016; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Mizuta
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8577 Japan
- Polymeric Biomaterials Group; Biomaterials Field; Research Center for Functional Materials; National Institute for Materials Science; 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
| | - Tetsushi Taguchi
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8577 Japan
- Polymeric Biomaterials Group; Biomaterials Field; Research Center for Functional Materials; National Institute for Materials Science; 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
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15
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Effect of alkyl chain length on the interfacial strength of surgical sealants composed of hydrophobically-modified Alaska-pollock-derived gelatins and poly(ethylene)glycol-based four-armed crosslinker. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 146:212-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Cheng S, Bocharova V, Belianinov A, Xiong S, Kisliuk A, Somnath S, Holt AP, Ovchinnikova OS, Jesse S, Martin H, Etampawala T, Dadmun M, Sokolov AP. Unraveling the Mechanism of Nanoscale Mechanical Reinforcement in Glassy Polymer Nanocomposites. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:3630-3637. [PMID: 27203453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical reinforcement of polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) above the glass transition temperature, Tg, has been extensively studied. However, not much is known about the origin of this effect below Tg. In this Letter, we unravel the mechanism of PNC reinforcement within the glassy state by directly probing nanoscale mechanical properties with atomic force microscopy and macroscopic properties with Brillouin light scattering. Our results unambiguously show that the "glassy" Young's modulus in the interfacial polymer layer of PNCs is two-times higher than in the bulk polymer, which results in significant reinforcement below Tg. We ascribe this phenomenon to a high stretching of the chains within the interfacial layer. Since the interfacial chain packing is essentially temperature independent, these findings provide a new insight into the mechanical reinforcement of PNCs also above Tg.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shaomin Xiong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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17
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Schiavi A, Cuccaro R, Troia A. Strain-rate and temperature dependent material properties of Agar and Gellan Gum used in biomedical applications. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 53:119-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Nonlinear stress relaxation behavior of ductile polymer glasses from large extension and compression. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Malekmotiei L, Samadi-Dooki A, Voyiadjis GZ. Nanoindentation Study of Yielding and Plasticity of Poly(methyl methacrylate). Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Malekmotiei
- Computational Solid Mechanics
Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Aref Samadi-Dooki
- Computational Solid Mechanics
Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - George Z. Voyiadjis
- Computational Solid Mechanics
Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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20
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Ondreas F, Jancar J. Temperature, Frequency, and Small Static Stress Dependence of the Molecular Mobility in Deformed Amorphous Polymers near Their Glass Transition. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Josef Jancar
- CEITEC, Brno University of Technology, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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21
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Jiang F, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Wang W, Xu Z, Wang Z. Combination of magnetic and enhanced mechanical properties for copolymer-grafted magnetite composite thermoplastic elastomers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:10563-10575. [PMID: 25954980 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b02208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Composite thermoplastic elastomers (CTPEs) of magnetic copolymer-grafted nanoparticles (magnetite, Fe3O4) were synthesized and characterized to generate magnetic CTPEs, which combined the magnetic property of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the thermoplastic elasticity of the grafted amorphous polymer matrix. Fe3O4 nanoparticles served as stiff, multiple physical cross-linking points homogeneously dispersed in the grafted poly(n-butyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) rubbery matrix synthesized via the activators regenerated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization method (ARGET ATRP). The preparation technique for magnetic CTPEs opened a new route toward developing a wide spectrum of magnetic elastomeric materials with strongly enhanced macroscopic properties. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to measure the glass transition temperatures, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to examine thermal stabilities of these CTPEs. The magnetic property could be conveniently tuned by adjusting the content of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in CTPEs. Compared to their linear copolymers, these magnetic CTPEs showed significant increases in tensile strength and elastic recovery. In situ small-angle X-ray scattering measurement was conducted to reveal the microstructural evolution of CTPEs during tensile deformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- †CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yaqiong Zhang
- †CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhongkai Wang
- †CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230026, P. R. China
| | - Wentao Wang
- †CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohua Xu
- ‡Department of Material Technology, Jiangmen Polytechnic, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529090, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- †CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230026, P. R. China
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22
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Jancar J, Hoy RS, Jancarova E, Zidek J. Effect of temperature, strain rate and particle size on the yield stresses and post-yield strain softening of PMMA and its composites. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Holt AP, Griffin PJ, Bocharova V, Agapov AL, Imel AE, Dadmun MD, Sangoro JR, Sokolov AP. Dynamics at the Polymer/Nanoparticle Interface in Poly(2-vinylpyridine)/Silica Nanocomposites. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5000317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam P. Holt
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Philip J. Griffin
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Alexander L. Agapov
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Adam E. Imel
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Mark D. Dadmun
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Joshua R. Sangoro
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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