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Lee JH, Lim WB, Min JG, Lee JR, Kim JW, Bae JH, Huh PH. Synthesis of Room Temperature Curable Polymer Binder Mixed with Polymethyl Methacrylate and Urethane Acrylate for High-Strength and Improved Transparency. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1418. [PMID: 38794611 PMCID: PMC11125192 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Urethane acrylate (UA) was synthesized from various di-polyols, such as poly(tetrahydrofuran) (PTMG, Mn = 1000), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG, Mn = 1000), and poly(propylene glycol) (PPG, Mn = 1000), for use as a polymer binder for paint. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and UA were blended to form an acrylic resin with high transmittance and stress-strain curve. When PMMA was blended with UA, a network structure was formed due to physical entanglement between the two polymers, increasing the mechanical properties. UA was synthesized by forming a prepolymer using di-polyol and hexamethylene diisocyanate, which were chain structure monomers, and capping them with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate to provide an acryl group. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to observe the changes in functional groups, and gel permeation chromatography was used to confirm that the three series showed similar molecular weight and PDI values. The yellowing phenomenon that appears mainly in the curing reaction of the polymer binder was solved, and the mechanical properties according to the effects of the polyol used in the main chain were compared. The content of the blended UA was quantified using ultravioletvisible spectroscopy at a wavelength of 370 nm based on 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%, and the shear strength and tensile strength were evaluated using specimens in a suitable mode. The ratio for producing the polymer binder was optimized. The mechanical properties of the polymer binder with 5-10 wt% UA were improved in all series.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ji-Hong Bae
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.L.); (W.-B.L.); (J.-G.M.); (J.-R.L.); (J.-W.K.)
| | - Pil-Ho Huh
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.L.); (W.-B.L.); (J.-G.M.); (J.-R.L.); (J.-W.K.)
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Lim WB, Kim JW, Lee JH, Bae JH, Min JG, Huh P. Synthesis of a Room-Temperature Curable Acrylic-Urethane Polymer Binder for Road Markings with High Transmittance. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1322. [PMID: 36770328 PMCID: PMC9920224 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Triol acrylic-urethane (t-AU) was synthesized from an addition reaction using trimethylolpropane, hexamethylene diisocyanate, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. The novel acrylic-urethane polymer was applied to a high-performance binder to prepare a reliable road marking paint. Acrylic-urethane polymer binder formulations were designed to optimize the effect of t-AU on the physical properties. The t-AU content in the formulation affected the adhesion and optical properties. The improvement in the adhesive performance and transparency ability for road markings was attributed to the optimal chemical structure or design of the acrylic-urethane polymer. The synthesis of t-AU was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and molecular weight and polydispersity index (PDI; PDI = Mw/Mn) measurements. The tensile and shear strength, hardness, gel fraction, crosslink density, contact angle, and transmittance of the acrylic-urethane polymer binder (AUP) were evaluated by curing at room temperature using a redox initiator system. An optimized AUP by adding 5 wt.% t-AU provides a viable alternative to high-performance binders in road marking paints.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - PilHo Huh
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-3637
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Jang DG, Lim W, Bae J, Lee J, Min J, Kim J, Yoon K, Huh P. The effect of acrylic silane crosslinker on room‐temperature cured acrylate binder for road markings. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Gyu Jang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Kyungpook National University Daegu Korea
| | - Won‐Bin Lim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Pusan National University Busan Korea
| | - Ji‐Hong Bae
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Pusan National University Busan Korea
| | - Ju‐Hong Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Pusan National University Busan Korea
| | - Jin‐Gyu Min
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Pusan National University Busan Korea
| | - Ju‐Won Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Pusan National University Busan Korea
| | - Keun‐Byoung Yoon
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Kyungpook National University Daegu Korea
| | - PilHo Huh
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Pusan National University Busan Korea
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Hu X, Li N, Heng T, Fang L, Lu C. Functionalization of PVDF-based copolymer via photo-induced p-anisaldehyde catalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Yamago S. Photoactivation of Organotellurium Compounds in Precision Polymer Synthesis: Controlled Radical Polymerization and Radical Coupling Reactions. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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Brush-modified materials: Control of molecular architecture, assembly behavior, properties and applications. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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van Ravensteijn BGP, Bou Zerdan R, Seo D, Cadirov N, Watanabe T, Gerbec JA, Hawker CJ, Israelachvili JN, Helgeson ME. Triple Function Lubricant Additives Based on Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Star Polymers: Friction Reduction, Wear Protection, and Viscosity Modification. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:1363-1375. [PMID: 30525414 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-based lubricant additives for friction reduction, wear protection, or viscosity improvement have been widely studied. However, single additives achieving all three functions are rare. To address this need, we have explored the combination of polymer topology with organic-inorganic hybrid chemistry to simultaneously vary the temperature- and shear-dependent properties of polymer additives in solution and at solid surfaces. A topological library of lubricant additives, based on statistical copolymers of stearyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate, ranging from linear to branched star architectures, was prepared using ruthenium-catalyzed controlled radical polymerization. Control over the polymerization yielded additives with low dispersity and comparable molecular weights, allowing evaluation of the influence of polymer architecture on friction reduction, wear protection, and bulk viscosity improvement in a commercial base oil (Yubase 4). Structure-performance relationships for these functions were assessed by a combination of a high-speed surface force apparatus (HS-SFA) experiments, wear track profilometry, quartz crystal microbalance analysis, and solution viscometry. The custom-built HS-SFA provides a unique experimental environment to measure the boundary lubrication performance under extreme shear rates (≈107 s-1) for prolonged times (24 h), mimicking the extreme conditions of automotive applications. These experiments revealed that the performance of the additives as boundary lubricants and wear protectants scales with the degree of branching. The branched architectures prohibit ordering of the additives in thin films under high-load conditions, leading to a thicker absorbed polymer brush boundary layer and therefore enhanced film fluidity and lubricity. Additionally, star polymers with increasing arm number lead to bulk viscosity modification, reflected by a significant increase in the viscosity index compared to the commercial base oil. Although outperformed by linear polymers for bulk viscosity improvement, the (hybrid) star polymers successfully combine the three distinct lubricant additive functions: friction reduction, wear protection, and bulk viscosity improvement-in a single polymeric structure. It should also be noted that, judging from HS-SFA experiments, hybrid stars carrying a silicate-based core outperform their fully organic analogues as boundary lubricants. The enhanced performance is most likely driven by attractive forces between the silicate cores and the employed metallic surfaces. Combining three function in one minimizes formulation complexity and thus opens a route to fundamentally understand and formulate key design parameters for the development of novel multifunction lubricant additives.
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Zoppe JO, Ataman NC, Mocny P, Wang J, Moraes J, Klok HA. Surface-Initiated Controlled Radical Polymerization: State-of-the-Art, Opportunities, and Challenges in Surface and Interface Engineering with Polymer Brushes. Chem Rev 2017; 117:1105-1318. [PMID: 28135076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 603] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The generation of polymer brushes by surface-initiated controlled radical polymerization (SI-CRP) techniques has become a powerful approach to tailor the chemical and physical properties of interfaces and has given rise to great advances in surface and interface engineering. Polymer brushes are defined as thin polymer films in which the individual polymer chains are tethered by one chain end to a solid interface. Significant advances have been made over the past years in the field of polymer brushes. This includes novel developments in SI-CRP, as well as the emergence of novel applications such as catalysis, electronics, nanomaterial synthesis and biosensing. Additionally, polymer brushes prepared via SI-CRP have been utilized to modify the surface of novel substrates such as natural fibers, polymer nanofibers, mesoporous materials, graphene, viruses and protein nanoparticles. The last years have also seen exciting advances in the chemical and physical characterization of polymer brushes, as well as an ever increasing set of computational and simulation tools that allow understanding and predictions of these surface-grafted polymer architectures. The aim of this contribution is to provide a comprehensive review that critically assesses recent advances in the field and highlights the opportunities and challenges for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin O Zoppe
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nariye Cavusoglu Ataman
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Piotr Mocny
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jian Wang
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John Moraes
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Huang CF. Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization for applications in sensors, non-biofouling surfaces and adsorbents. Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2016.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Zetterlund PB, Thickett SC, Perrier S, Bourgeat-Lami E, Lansalot M. Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization in Dispersed Systems: An Update. Chem Rev 2015; 115:9745-800. [PMID: 26313922 DOI: 10.1021/cr500625k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Per B Zetterlund
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Stuart C Thickett
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Sébastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.,Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Elodie Bourgeat-Lami
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2), LCPP group, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, 43, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Muriel Lansalot
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2), LCPP group, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, 43, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
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Huang CF, Chen JK, Tsai TY, Hsieh YA, Andrew Lin KY. Dual-functionalized cellulose nanofibrils prepared through TEMPO-mediated oxidation and surface-initiated ATRP. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Goto A, Tsujii Y. Surface-Initiated Living Radical Polymerizations Using Iodine, Organotellurium, and Organic Catalysts. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2015_310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Murugan P, Krishnamurthy M, Jaisankar SN, Samanta D, Mandal AB. Controlled decoration of the surface with macromolecules: polymerization on a self-assembled monolayer (SAM). Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:3212-43. [PMID: 25839067 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00378k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Polymer functionalized surfaces are important components of various sensors, solar cells and molecular electronic devices. In this context, the use of self-assembled monolayer (SAM) formation and subsequent reactions on the surface have attracted a lot of interest due to its stability, reliability and excellent control over orientation of functional groups. The chemical reactions to be employed on a SAM must ensure an effective functional group conversion while the reaction conditions must be mild enough to retain the structural integrity. This synthetic constraint has no universal solution; specific strategies such as "graft from", "graft to", "graft through" or "direct" immobilization approaches are employed depending on the nature of the substrate, polymer and its area of applications. We have reviewed current developments in the methodology of immobilization of a polymer in the first part of the article. Special emphasis has been given to the merits and demerits of certain methods. Another issue concerns the utility - demonstrated or perceived - of conjugated or non-conjugated macromolecules anchored on a functionally decorated SAM in the areas of material science and biotechnology. In the last part of the review article, we looked at the collective research efforts towards SAM-based polymer devices and identified major pointers of progress (236 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- P Murugan
- Polymer Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-CLRI, Adyar, Chennai-600020, India.
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Abstract
This article reviews the preparation of polymers using iron-catalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Xue
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and Systems
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
| | - Dan He
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Jianghan University
- Wuhan 430056
- China
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and Systems
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
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Khabibullin A, Mastan E, Matyjaszewski K, Zhu S. Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. CONTROLLED RADICAL POLYMERIZATION AT AND FROM SOLID SURFACES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2015_311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Han Y, Nishimura T, Kato T. Biomineralization-inspired approach to the development of hybrid materials: preparation of patterned polymer/strontium carbonate thin films using thermoresponsive polymer brush matrices. Polym J 2014. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2014.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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