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Hames NT, Balsbough D, Yan J, Wu S, Zuo X, Spontak RJ. Tunable thermoplastic elastomer gels derived from controlled-distribution triblock copolymers with crystallizable endblocks. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:4968-4975. [PMID: 37622215 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01018j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs), a commercially important category of triblock copolymers, are employed alone or upon physical modification with a midblock-selective oil (to form TPE gels, TPEGs) in a broad range of contemporary technologies. While most copolymers in this class of self-networking macromolecules possess glassy polystyrene endblocks and a rubbery polydiene or polyolefin midblock, we investigate TPEGs fabricated from a novel controlled-distribution copolymer with crystallizable polyolefin endblocks and a random-copolymer midblock. According to both electron microscopy and small-angle scattering, the morphologies of these TPEGs remain largely invariant up to 40 wt% oil and then transform considerably at higher oil levels. Although reductions in endblock melting point and crystallinity measured by thermal calorimetry accompany increasing oil content, mechanical properties such as the uniaxial strain at break and fracture toughness improve in some cases by over 50% between 5 and 40 wt% oil. In fact, the strain at break can reach 2500% within this range, thereby confirming that (i) the structure-property relationships of these unique TPEGs are highly composition-tunable and (ii) these TPEGs, stabilized by crystallizable endblocks, provide an attractive alternative for ultrasoft and stretchy recyclable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan T Hames
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Drew Balsbough
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Jiaqi Yan
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Siyu Wu
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Xiaobing Zuo
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Richard J Spontak
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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2
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Cai Y, Zheng J, Hu Y, Wei J, Fan H. The preparation of polyolefin elastomer functionalized with polysiloxane and its effect in ethylene-propylene-diene monomer/silicon rubber blends. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3
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Luk SB, Métafiot A, Morize J, Edeh E, Marić M. Hydrogenation of poly(myrcene) and poly(farnesene) using diimide reduction at ambient pressure. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharmaine B. Luk
- Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Adrien Métafiot
- Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Judith Morize
- Département Mesures Physiques Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Université Toulouse III – Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
| | - Emmanuel Edeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Milan Marić
- Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
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4
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Yan J, Lee B, Smith SD, Spontak RJ. Morphological Studies of Solution-Crystallized Thermoplastic Elastomers with Polyethylene Endblocks and a Random-Copolymer Midblock. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100442. [PMID: 34490939 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Styrenic thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) in the form of triblock copolymers possessing glassy endblocks and a rubbery midblock account for the largest global market of TPEs worldwide, and typically rely on microphase separation of the endblocks and the subsequent formation of rigid microdomains to ensure satisfactory network stabilization. In this study, the morphological characteristics of a relatively new family of crystallizable TPEs that instead consist of polyethylene endblocks and a random-copolymer midblock composed of styrene and (ethylene-co-butylene) moieties are investigated. Copolymer solutions prepared at logarithmic concentrations in a slightly endblock-selective solvent are subjected to crystallization under different time and temperature conditions to ascertain if copolymer self-assembly is directed by endblock crystallization or vice versa. According to transmission electron microscopy, semicrystalline aggregates develop at the lowest solution concentration examined (0.01 wt%), and the size and population of crystals, which dominate the copolymer morphologies, are observed to increase with increasing aging time. Real-space results are correlated with small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering to elucidate the concurrent roles of endblock crystallization and self-assembly of these unique TPEs in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Byeongdu Lee
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Steven D Smith
- Corporate Research and Development, The Procter and Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH, 45224, USA
| | - Richard J Spontak
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
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5
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Yang Q, Wang X, Wang B, Liu Y, Sun Y, Na L, Wang F, Zhang C, Liu H, Zhang X. Toward Sustainable and Strong ABA‐Type Thermoplastic Elastomers with Poly(ε‐Caprolactone‐
co
‐4‐Methyl‐ε‐Caprolactone) Soft Midblock and Polystyrene Hard End Blocks. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐plastics School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yingjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐plastics School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐plastics School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Lihua Na
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐plastics School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐plastics School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
- Changchun University of Technology Changchun 130012 China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐plastics School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Heng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐plastics School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Xuequan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐plastics School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
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6
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Zhang Y, Li X, Zhu W, Fan M, Wang S, Qu M, Zhang Y, Wang S. One‐step synthesis of polysiloxane graft polyethylene mimic: Non‐expensive compatibilizer for polyethylene/polysiloxane blend. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Zhang
- School of Textile and Material EngineeringDalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Xiaopei Li
- Instrumental Analysis CentreDalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Wenqin Zhu
- Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Beijing China
| | - Mingshuai Fan
- School of Textile and Material EngineeringDalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Shuwei Wang
- School of Textile and Material EngineeringDalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Minjie Qu
- School of Textile and Material EngineeringDalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Textile and Material EngineeringDalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Textile and Material EngineeringDalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
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7
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Bener S, Puglisi A, Yagci Y. pH‐Responsive Micelle‐Forming Amphiphilic Triblock Copolymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Semira Bener
- Faculty of Science and LettersDepartment of ChemistryIstanbul Technical University Maslak Istanbul 34469 Turkey
| | - Antonino Puglisi
- Faculty of Science and LettersDepartment of ChemistryIstanbul Technical University Maslak Istanbul 34469 Turkey
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Faculty of Science and LettersDepartment of ChemistryIstanbul Technical University Maslak Istanbul 34469 Turkey
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR)King Abdulaziz University P. O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
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8
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Huang S, Han L, Ma H, Lei L, Zhang R, Shen H, Yang L, Li C, Zhang S, Li Y. Determination of refractive index increment of synthetic polybutadienes and microstructural control of grafting density and liquid crystalline properties. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00050g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Polybutadienes (PBs) with microstructural control of 8% to 94% moles of 1,2-olefins synthesizedvialiving anionic polymerization (LAP) were used as precursors for the synthesis of PB-based liquid crystalline polymers (LCPs) with well-controlled grafting densities.
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9
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Tian B, Zhang X, Fan H. Synthesis of polyethylene-g-polydimethylsiloxane graft copolymers by copolymerization of ethylene with polydimethylsiloxane macromonomer. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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He Y, Li Q, Zhu C, Li H, Zheng S, Xue Z, Hu Y. Synthesis and properties of thermoplastic polyethylene based polyurethanes (PE-PUs). JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-018-1464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Ashraf AR, Ryan JJ, Satkowski MM, Smith SD, Spontak RJ. Effect of Systematic Hydrogenation on the Phase Behavior and Nanostructural Dimensions of Block Copolymers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:3186-3190. [PMID: 29356497 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b19433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Unsaturated polydienes are frequently hydrogenated to yield polyolefins that are more chemically stable. Here, the effects of partial hydrogenation on the phase behavior and nanostructure of polyisoprene-containing block copolymers are investigated. To ensure access to the order-disorder transition temperature (TODT) over a wide temperature range, we examine copolymers with at least one random block. Dynamic rheological and scattering measurements indicate that TODT increases linearly with increasing hydrogenation. Small-angle scattering reveals that the temperature-dependence of the Flory-Huggins parameter changes and the microdomain period increases, while the interfacial thickness decreases. The influence of hydrogenation becomes less pronounced in more constrained multiblock copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman R Ashraf
- Corporate Research & Development, The Procter & Gamble Company , Cincinnati, Ohio 45224, United States
| | | | - Michael M Satkowski
- Corporate Research & Development, The Procter & Gamble Company , Cincinnati, Ohio 45224, United States
| | - Steven D Smith
- Corporate Research & Development, The Procter & Gamble Company , Cincinnati, Ohio 45224, United States
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12
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Synthesis of isotactic polystyrene-block-polyethylene by the combination of sequential monomer addition and hydrogenation of 1,4-trans-polybutadiene block. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-017-1933-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Cleavable polybutadiene rubber: A versatile precursor to hydroxyl-terminated or multi-hydroxyl polybutadiene and polyethylene. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Yuan L, Wang Z, Trenor NM, Tang C. Amidation of triglycerides by amino alcohols and their impact on plant oil-derived polymers. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00048g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amidation of plant oils with amino alcohols was methodologically examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of South Carolina
- Columbia
- USA
| | - Zhongkai Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of South Carolina
- Columbia
- USA
| | - Nathan M. Trenor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of South Carolina
- Columbia
- USA
| | - Chuanbing Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of South Carolina
- Columbia
- USA
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15
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Petzetakis N, Doherty CM, Thornton AW, Chen XC, Cotanda P, Hill AJ, Balsara NP. Membranes with artificial free-volume for biofuel production. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7529. [PMID: 26104672 PMCID: PMC4491837 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Free-volume of polymers governs transport of penetrants through polymeric films. Control over free-volume is thus important for the development of better membranes for a wide variety of applications such as gas separations, pharmaceutical purifications and energy storage. To date, methodologies used to create materials with different amounts of free-volume are based primarily on chemical synthesis of new polymers. Here we report a simple methodology for generating free-volume based on the self-assembly of polyethylene-b-polydimethylsiloxane-b-polyethylene triblock copolymers. We have used this method to fabricate a series of membranes with identical compositions but with different amounts of free-volume. We use the term artificial free-volume to refer to the additional free-volume created by self-assembly. The effect of artificial free-volume on selective transport through the membranes was tested using butanol/water and ethanol/water mixtures due to their importance in biofuel production. We found that the introduction of artificial free-volume improves both alcohol permeability and selectivity. The free-volume of a polymer is a key parameter in its ability to permit through transport of small molecules. Here, the authors develop a way of introducing different degrees of artificial free-volume to a polymer membrane, and thus tailor its penetrability for applications including biofuel purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Petzetakis
- Department of Chemical &Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Cara M Doherty
- CSIRO Manufacturing Private Bag 10, Clayton South, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Aaron W Thornton
- CSIRO Manufacturing Private Bag 10, Clayton South, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - X Chelsea Chen
- Materials Sciences Division &Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Pepa Cotanda
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Anita J Hill
- CSIRO Manufacturing Private Bag 10, Clayton South, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Nitash P Balsara
- 1] Department of Chemical &Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Materials Sciences Division &Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [3] Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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