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Makrakis D, Dambri OA, Hafid AS. Design of Bio-Optical Transceiver for In Vivo Biomedical Sensor Applications. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2584. [PMID: 38676201 PMCID: PMC11054665 DOI: 10.3390/s24082584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents an enhanced version of our previously developed bio-optical transceiver, presenting a significant advancement in nanosensor technology. Using self-assembled polymers, this nanodevice is capable of electron detection while maintaining biocompatibility, an essential feature for in vivo medical biosensors. This enhancement finds significance in the field of infectious disease control, particularly in the early detection of respiratory viruses, including high-threat pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2. The proposed system harnesses bioluminescence by converting electric signaling to visible blue light, effectively opening the path of linking nano-sized mechanisms to larger-scale systems, thereby pushing the boundaries of in vivo biomedical sensing. The performance evaluation of our technology is analytical and is based on the use of Markov chains, through which we assess the bit error probability. The calculated improvements indicate that this technology qualifies as a forerunner in terms of supporting the communication needs of smaller, safer, and more efficient manufactured sensor technologies for in vivo medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Makrakis
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;
| | | | - Abdelhakim Senhaji Hafid
- Department of Computer Science and Operations Research, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
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2
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Misra S, Banerjee U, Mitra SK. Liquid-Liquid Encapsulation: Penetration vs. Trapping at a Liquid Interfacial Layer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:23938-23950. [PMID: 37145417 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulation protects vulnerable cores in an aggressive environment and imparts desirable functionalities to the overall encapsulated cargo, including control of mechanical properties, release kinetics, and targeted delivery. Liquid-liquid encapsulation to create such capsules, where a liquid layer (shell) is used to wrap another liquid (core), is an attractive value proposition for ultrafast encapsulation (∼100 ms). Here, we demonstrate a robust framework for stable liquid-liquid encapsulation. Wrapping is achieved by simple impingement of a target core (in liquid form) on top of an interfacial layer of another shell-forming liquid floating on a host liquid bath. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is chosen as the shell-forming liquid due to its biocompatibility, physicochemical stability, heat curability, and acceptability as both a drug excipient and food additive. Depending on the kinetic energy of the impinging core droplet, encapsulation is accomplished by either of the two pathways─necking-driven complete interfacial penetration and subsequent generation of encapsulated droplets inside the host bath or trapping inside the interfacial layer. Combining thermodynamic argument with experimental demonstration, we show that the interfacially trapped state, which results in a low kinetic energy of impact, is also an encapsulated state where the core droplet is wholly enclosed inside the floating interfacial layer. Therefore, despite being impact-driven, our method remains kinetic energy independent and minimally restrictive. We describe the underlying interfacial evolution behind encapsulation and experimentally identify a nondimensional regime of occurrence for the two pathways mentioned above. Successful encapsulation by either path offers efficient long-term protection of the encased cores in aggressive surroundings (e.g., protection of honey/maple syrup inside a water bath despite their miscibility). We enable the generation of multifunctional compound droplets via interfacial trapping, where multiple core droplets with different compositions are encapsulated within the same wrapping shell. Further, we demonstrate the practical utility of the interfacially trapped state by showing successful heat-curing of the shell and subsequent extraction of the capsule. The cured capsules are sufficiently robust and remain stable under normal handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirshendu Misra
- Micro & Nano-Scale Transport Laboratory, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Utsab Banerjee
- Micro & Nano-Scale Transport Laboratory, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sushanta K Mitra
- Micro & Nano-Scale Transport Laboratory, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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Iwasaki K, Yoshida T, Okoshi M. Near-superhydrophobic silicone microcapsule arrays encapsulating ionic liquid electrolytes for micro-power storage assuming use in seawater. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18264. [PMID: 36309553 PMCID: PMC9617925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22891-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro-energy storage, which is convenient for combination with energy harvesting, is known to be realized by microencapsulation with various shell materials, its application is limited to land. Here, we succeeded in fabricating a silicone microcapsule array encapsulating an ionic liquid electrolyte that can store minute power in NaCl solution as well as a minute power generation method. The ArF excimer laser-irradiated silicone rubber underneath silica microspheres was photochemically and periodically swelled by the photodissociation of silicone. Accompanied by the microswellings, the lower molecular weight silicones generated were ejected along a curvature of each the microsphere to enclose the microspheres. After the chemical etching, the silicone microcapsule arrays became hollow. Moreover, each the hollow silicone microcapsule could entrap an ionic liquid in a vacuum. In addition, the silicone microcapsules before and after the encapsulating ionic liquid showed a superhydrophobic or near-superhydrophobic property. As a result, the silicone microcapsule arrays could be confined in a uniform air gap of electrically insulated region in NaCl solution. This means that each the silicone microcapsule encapsulating ionic liquid as electrolytes enables to function as an electric double layer capacitor for micro-power storage, aiming to connect with Internet of Things devices that work under seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaede Iwasaki
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, National Defense Academy, 1-10-20 Hashirimizu, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 239-8686, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yoshida
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, National Defense Academy, 1-10-20 Hashirimizu, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 239-8686, Japan
| | - Masayuki Okoshi
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, National Defense Academy, 1-10-20 Hashirimizu, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 239-8686, Japan.
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Abstract
In this study, we successfully manufactured polyurethane microcapsules containing isocyanate prepolymer as a core material for self-healing protection coatings via interfacial polymerization of a commercial polyurethane curing agent (Bayer L-75) and 1,4-butanediol (BDO) as a chain extender in an emulsion solution. With an optical microscope (OM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM), the resulting microcapsules showed a spherical shape and an ideal structure with a smooth surface. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) showed that the core material was successfully encapsulated. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the initial evaporation temperature of the microcapsules was 270 °C. In addition, we examined the influence of the concentration of the emulsifier and chain extender on the structure and morphology of the microcapsules. The results indicate that the optimal parameters of the microcapsule are an emulsifier concentration of 7.5% and a chain extender concentration of 15.38%. Microcapsules were added to the epoxy resin coating to verify the coating’s self-healing performance by a surface scratch test, and the results showed that the cracks could heal in 24 h. Furthermore, the self-healing coating had excellent corrosion resistance.
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5
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Timilsena YP, Haque MA, Adhikari B. Encapsulation in the Food Industry: A Brief Historical Overview to Recent Developments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2020.116035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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6
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Nazar MF, Yasir Siddique M, Saleem MA, Zafar M, Nawaz F, Ashfaq M, Khan AM, Abd Ur Rahman HM, Tahir MB, Mat Lazim A. Fourth-Generation Antibiotic Gatifloxacin Encapsulated by Microemulsions: Structural and Probing Dynamics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:10603-10612. [PMID: 30109940 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To overcome the increased disease rate, utilization of the versatile broad spectrum antibiotic drugs in controlled drug-delivery systems has been a challenging and complex consignment. However, with the development of microemulsion (μE)-based formulations, drugs can be effectively encapsulated and transferred to the target source. Herein, two biocompatible oil-in-water (o/w) μE formulations comprising clove oil/Tween 20/ethylene glycol/water (formulation A) and clove oil/Tween 20/1-butanol/water (formulation B) were developed for encapsulating the gatifloxacin (GTF), a fourth-generation antibiotic. The pseudoternary phase diagrams were mapped at a constant surfactant/co-surfactant (1:1) ratio to bound the existence of a monophasic isotropic region for as-formulated μEs. Multiple complementary characterization techniques, namely, conductivity (σ), viscosity (η), and optical microscopy analyses, were used to study the gradual changes that occurred in the microstructure of the as-formulated μEs, indicating the presence of a percolation transformation to a bicontinuous permeate flow. GTF showed good solubility, 3.2 wt % at pH 6.2 and 4.0 wt % at pH 6.8, in optimum μE of formulation A and formulation B, respectively. Each loaded μE formulation showed long-term stability over 8 months of storage. Moreover, no observable aggregation of GTF was found, as revealed by scanning transmission electron microscopy and peak-to-peak correlation of IR analysis, indicating the stability of GTF inside the formulation. The average particle size of each μE, measured by dynamic light scattering, increased upon loading GTF, intending the accretion of drug in the interfacial layers of microdomains. Likewise, fluorescence probing sense an interfacial hydrophobic environment to GTF molecules in any of the examined formulations, which may be of significant interest for understanding the kinetics of drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Faisal Nawaz
- Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities , University of Engineering and Technology Lahore (Faisalabad Campus) , Faisalabad 54890 , Pakistan
| | | | - Asad Muhammad Khan
- Department of Chemistry , COMSATS Institute of Information Technology , Abbottabad 22060 , Pakistan
| | | | | | - Azwan Mat Lazim
- School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology , University Kebangsaan Malaysia , Bangi 43600 , Selangor , Malaysia
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7
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Ma J, Zhang F, Qiao Y, Xu Q, Zhou J, Zhang J. Vi-PDMS incorporated with protein-based coatings designed for permeability-enhanced applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Ma
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering; Shaanxi University of Science and Technology; Xi'an 710021 Shaanxi People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Cleaner Production, China National Light Industry; Xi'an 710054 Shaanxi Province People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering; Shaanxi University of Science and Technology; Xi'an 710021 Shaanxi People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Cleaner Production, China National Light Industry; Xi'an 710054 Shaanxi Province People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghuan Qiao
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering; Shaanxi University of Science and Technology; Xi'an 710021 Shaanxi People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Cleaner Production, China National Light Industry; Xi'an 710054 Shaanxi Province People's Republic of China
| | - Qunna Xu
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering; Shaanxi University of Science and Technology; Xi'an 710021 Shaanxi People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Cleaner Production, China National Light Industry; Xi'an 710054 Shaanxi Province People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering; Shaanxi University of Science and Technology; Xi'an 710021 Shaanxi People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Cleaner Production, China National Light Industry; Xi'an 710054 Shaanxi Province People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Arts and Sciences; Shaanxi University of Science and Technology; Xi'an 710021 Shaanxi Province People's Republic of China
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8
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Size control of cross-linked carboxy-functionalized polystyrene particles: Four orders of magnitude of dimensional versatility. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Shields CW, White JP, Osta EG, Patel J, Rajkumar S, Kirby N, Therrien JP, Zauscher S. Encapsulation and controlled release of retinol from silicone particles for topical delivery. J Control Release 2018; 278:37-48. [PMID: 29604311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Retinol, a derivative of vitamin A, is a ubiquitous compound used to treat acne, reduce wrinkles and protect against conditions like psoriasis and ichthyosis. While retinol is used as the primary active ingredient (AI) in many skin care formulations, its efficacy is often limited by an extreme sensitivity to degrade and toxicity at high concentrations. While microencapsulation is an appealing method to help overcome these issues, few microencapsulation strategies have made a major translational impact due to challenges with complexity, cost, limited protection of the AI and poor control of the release of the AI. We have developed a class of silicone particles that addresses these challenges for the encapsulation, protection and controlled release of retinol and other hydrophobic compounds. The particles are prepared by the sol-gel polymerization of silane monomers, which enables their rapid and facile synthesis at scale while maintaining a narrow size distribution (i.e., CV < 20%). We show that our particles can: (i) encapsulate retinol with high efficiency (>85%), (ii) protect retinol from degradation (yielding a half-life 9× greater than unencapsulated retinol) and (iii) slowly release retinol over several hours (at rates from 0.14 to 0.67 μg cm-2 s-1/2). To demonstrate that the controlled release of retinol from the particles can reduce irritation, we performed a double blind study on human subjects and found that formulations containing our particles were 12-23% less irritating than identical formulations containing Microsponge® particles (an industry standard by Amcol, Inc.). To show that the silicone particles can elicit a favorable biological response, similar to the Microsponge® particles, we applied both formulations to reconstructed human epidermal tissues and found an upregulation of keratin 19 (K19) and a downregulation of K10, indicating that the reduced irritation observed in the human study was not caused by reduced activity. We also found a decrease in the production of interleukin-1α (IL-1α) compared to formulations containing the Microsponge particles, suggesting lower irritation levels and supporting the findings from the human study. Finally, we show that the silicone particles can encapsulate other AIs, including betamethasone, N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), homosalate and ingenol mebutate, establishing these particles as a true platform technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wyatt Shields
- NSF Research Triangle Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - John P White
- NSF Research Triangle Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Erica G Osta
- NSF Research Triangle Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; NSF Partnerships for Research and Education in Materials, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Jerishma Patel
- NSF Research Triangle Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Shashank Rajkumar
- NSF Research Triangle Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Nickolas Kirby
- NSF Research Triangle Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | | | - Stefan Zauscher
- NSF Research Triangle Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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10
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Qiu S, Ma C, Wang X, Zhou X, Feng X, Yuen RKK, Hu Y. Melamine-containing polyphosphazene wrapped ammonium polyphosphate: A novel multifunctional organic-inorganic hybrid flame retardant. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 344:839-848. [PMID: 29190581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
To achieve superior fire safety epoxy resins (EP), a novel multifunctional organic-inorganic hybrid, melamine-containing polyphosphazene wrapped ammonium polyphosphate (PZMA@APP) with rich amino groups was prepared and used as an efficient flame retardant. Thanks to the cross-linked polyphosphazene part, PZMA@APP exhibited high flame retardant efficiency and smoke suppression to the EP composites. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that PZMA@APP significantly enhanced the thermal stability of EP composites. The obtained sample passed UL-94 V-0 rating with 10.0wt% addition of PZMA@APP. Notably, inclusion of incorporating PZMA@APP leads to significantly decrease on fire hazards of EP, for instance, bring about a 75.6% maximum decrease in peak heat release rate and 65.9% maximum reduction in total heat release, accompanied with lower smoke production rate and higher graphitized char layer. With regards to mechanical property, the glass transition temperature of EP/PZMA@APP10.0 was as high as 184.5°C. In particular, the addition of PZMA@APP did not worsen the mechanical properties, compared to pure APP. It was confirmed that the participation of melamine-containing polyphosphazene could significantly enhance the quality of char layer and thereby resulting the higher flame retardant efficiency of PZMA@APP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuilai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China,96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China; Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China,96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China,96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China.
| | - Xia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China,96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Xiaming Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China,96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China; Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Richard K K Yuen
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China,96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China.
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11
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Liu J, Fan X, Xue Y, Liu Y, Song L, Wang R, Zhang H, Zhang Q. Fabrication of polymer capsules by an original multifunctional, active, amphiphilic macromolecule, and its application in preparing PCM microcapsules. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00546j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Based on our recent discovery that D-PGMA solution showed excellent amphiphilic and reinitiation properties, an eco-friendly, facile and scalable method to prepare polymeric capsules was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space of Ministry of Education
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi’an 710072
- China
| | - Xinlong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space of Ministry of Education
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi’an 710072
- China
| | - Ying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space of Ministry of Education
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi’an 710072
- China
| | - Yibin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space of Ministry of Education
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi’an 710072
- China
| | - Lixun Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space of Ministry of Education
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi’an 710072
- China
| | - Rumin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space of Ministry of Education
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi’an 710072
- China
| | - Hepeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space of Ministry of Education
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi’an 710072
- China
| | - Qiuyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space of Ministry of Education
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi’an 710072
- China
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12
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Hsu C, Du Y, Wang X. Janus and Strawberry-like Particles from Azo Molecular Glass and Polydimethylsiloxane Oligomer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:10645-10654. [PMID: 28926714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated Janus and strawberry-like particles composed of azo molecular glass and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) oligomer, focusing on controllable fabrication and formation mechanism of these unique structures and morphologies. Two materials, the azo molecular glass (IA-Chol) and PDMS oligomer (H2pdca-PDMS), were prepared for this purpose. The Janus and strawberry-like particles were obtained from the droplets of a dichloromethane (DCM) solution containing both IA-Chol and H2pdca-PDMS, dispersed in water and stabilized by poly(vinyl alcohol). Results show that the structured particles are formed through segregation between the two components induced by gradual evaporation of DCM from the droplets, which is controlled by adding ethylene glycol (EG) into the above dispersion. Without the addition of EG, Janus particles are formed through the full segregation of the two components in the droplets. On the other hand, with the existence of EG in the dispersion, strawberry-like particles instead of Janus particles are formed in the phase separation process. The diffusion of EG molecules from the dispersion medium into the droplets causes the PDMS phase deswelling in the interfacial area due to the poor solvent effect. Caused by the surface coagulation, the coalescence of the isolated IA-Chol domains is jammed in the shell region, which results in the formation of the strawberry-like particles. For the particles separated from the dispersion and dried, the PDMS oligomer phase of the Janus particles can adhere and spread on the substrate to form unique "particle-on-pad" morphology due to its low surface energy and swelling ability, while the strawberry-like particles exist as "standstill" objects on the substrates. Upon irradiation with a linearly polarized laser beam at 488 nm, the azo molecular glass parts in the particles are significantly deformed along the light polarization direction, which show unique and distinct morphologies for these two types of the particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chungen Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University , Beijing, P. R. China 100084
| | - Yi Du
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University , Beijing, P. R. China 100084
| | - Xiaogong Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University , Beijing, P. R. China 100084
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13
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Jiang CR, Zhao CL, Guo HF, He W. Organocatalytic silyl transfer from silylborane to nitroalkenes for the synthesis of β-silyl nitroalkanes and β-silyl amines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:7862-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc03840a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We discovered organocatalytic silyl transfer from silylborane to nitroalkenes in a toluene/water biphasic solvent. A variety of functionalized β-silyl nitroalkanes were obtained in moderate to excellent yields, which provides access to biologically interesting β-silyl amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Ran Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Tsinghua-Peking Joint Centers for Life Science
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Chun-Liang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Tsinghua-Peking Joint Centers for Life Science
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Hui-Fang Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Tsinghua-Peking Joint Centers for Life Science
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Wei He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Tsinghua-Peking Joint Centers for Life Science
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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14
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Nguyen KDQ, Megone WV, Kong D, Gautrot JE. Ultrafast diffusion-controlled thiol–ene based crosslinking of silicone elastomers with tailored mechanical properties for biomedical applications. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01134a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thiol-ene coupling enables the metal-free ultra-fast (seconds) crosslinking of polysiloxanes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dexu Kong
- Institute of Bioengineering
- Queen Mary
- University of London
- London
- UK
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15
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16
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Kaufman G, Nejati S, Sarfati R, Boltyanskiy R, Loewenberg M, Dufresne ER, Osuji CO. Soft microcapsules with highly plastic shells formed by interfacial polyelectrolyte-nanoparticle complexation. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:7478-7482. [PMID: 26169689 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm00973a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Composite microcapsules have been aggressively pursued as designed chemical entities for biomedical and other applications. Common preparations rely on multi-step, time consuming processes. Here, we present a single-step approach to fabricate such microcapsules with shells composed of nanoparticle-polyelectrolyte and protein-polyelectrolyte complexes, and demonstrate control of the mechanical and release properties of these constructs. Interfacial polyelectrolyte-nanoparticle and polyelectrolyte-protein complexation across a water-oil droplet interface results in the formation of capsules with shell thicknesses of a few μm. Silica shell microcapsules exhibited a significant plastic response at small deformations, whereas lysozyme incorporated shells displayed a more elastic response. We exploit the plasticity of nanoparticle incorporated shells to produce microcapsules with high aspect ratio protrusions by micropipette aspiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilad Kaufman
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
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17
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Abstract
Silicones have been used in medicines, cosmetics and medical devices for over 60 years. Polydimethylsiloxanes are polymers that are typically used either as an active in oral drug products or as excipients in topical and transdermal drug products. Inherent characteristics like hydrophobicity, adhesion and aesthetics allow silicones to offer function and performance to drug products. Recent technologies like swollen crosslinked silicone elastomer blend networks, sugar siloxanes, amphiphilic resin linear polymers and silicone hybrid pressure sensitive adhesives promise potential performance advantages and improved drug delivery efficacy. This article presents a review of recent silicone material developments focusing on their function as excipients influencing drug delivery in topical and transdermal systems.
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