1
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Masilamani G, Krishna GR, Debnath S, Bedi A. Origin of Optoelectronic Contradictions in 3,4-Cycloalkyl[ c]-chalcogenophenes: A Computational Study. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4240. [PMID: 37959920 PMCID: PMC10650045 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The planar morphology of the backbone significantly contributes to the subtle optoelectronic features of π-conjugated polymers. On the other hand, the atomistic tuning of an otherwise identical π-backbone could also impact optoelectronic properties systematically. In this manuscript, we compare a series of 3,4-cycloalkylchalcogenophenes by tuning them atomistically using group-16 elements. Additionally, the effect of systematically extending these building blocks in the form of oligomers and polymers is studied. The size of the 3,4-substitution affected the morphology of the oligomers. In addition, the heteroatoms contributed to a further alteration in their geometry and resultant optoelectronic properties. The chalcogenophenes, containing smaller 3,4-cycloalkanes, resulted in lower bandgap oligomers or polymers compared to those with larger 3,4-cycloalkanes. Natural bonding orbital (NBO) calculations were performed to understand the disparity alongside the contour maps of frontier molecular orbitals (FMO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Masilamani
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | - Gamidi Rama Krishna
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR—National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Sashi Debnath
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Anjan Bedi
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
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2
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Maier M, Chorbacher J, Hellinger A, Klopf J, Günther J, Helten H. Poly(arylene iminoborane)s, Analogues of Poly(arylene vinylene) with a BN-Doped Backbone: A Comprehensive Study. Chemistry 2023:e202302767. [PMID: 37724629 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite the great success of the concept of doping organic compounds with BN units to access new materials with tailored properties, its use in polymer chemistry has only been realized quite recently. Herein, we present a comprehensive study of oligo- and poly(arylene iminoborane)s comprising a backbone of phenylene or thiophene moieties, as well as combinations thereof, linked via B=N units. The novel polymers can be regarded as BN analogues of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) or poly(thiophene vinylene) (PTV) or their copolymers. Our modular synthetic approach allowed us to prepare four polymers and 12 monodisperse oligomers with modulated electronic properties. Alternating electron-releasing diaminoarylene and electron-accepting diborylarylene building blocks gave rise to a pronounced donor-acceptor character. Effective π-conjugation over the arylene iminoborane backbone is evidenced by systematic bathochromic shifts of the low-energy UV-vis absorption maximum with increasing chain length, which is furthermore supported by crystallographic and computational investigations. Furthermore, all compounds investigated show emission of visible light in the solid state and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior, due to the presence of partially flexible linear B=N linkages in the backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Maier
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Chorbacher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Hellinger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Klopf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julian Günther
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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3
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Huang KH, Liu HH, Cheng KY, Tsai CL, Cheng YJ. Sequence-controlled alternating block polychalcogenophenes: synthesis, structural characterization, molecular properties, and transistors for bromine detection. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8552-8563. [PMID: 37592995 PMCID: PMC10430600 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02289g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sequence-controlled polychalcogenophenes have attracted much interest in terms of synthesis, structure and function in polymer science. For the first time, we developed a new class of alternating block conjugated copolymers denoted as poly(alt-AB)x-b-(alt-AC)y where both blocks are constituted by an alternating copolymer. 3-Hexylthiophene (S), 3-hexylselenophene (Se) and 3-hexyltellurophene (Te) are used as A, B and C units to assemble three sequence-controlled polychalcogenophenes P(SSe)b(STe), P(SSe)b(SeTe) and P(STe)b(SeTe) which are prepared by adding two different Grignard monomers in sequence to carry out Ni(dppp)Cl2-catalyzed Kumada polymerization. The molecular weight, dispersity, and length of each block (x = y) and main-chain sequence can be synthetically controlled via the catalyst transfer polycondensation mechanism. The polymer structures, i.e. alternating block main chain with high side-chain regioregularity, are unambiguously confirmed by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The optical and electrochemical properties of the polymers can be systematically fine-tuned by the composition and ratio of the chalcogenophenes. From GIWAXS measurements, all the polymers exhibited predominantly edge-on orientations, indicating that the packing behaviors of the alternating block polychalcogenophenes with high regioregularity are inherited from the highly crystalline P3HT. P(SSe)b(STe) exhibited a hole OFET mobility of 1.4 × 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1, which represents one of the highest values among the tellurophene-containing polychalcogenophenes. The tellurophene units in the polymers can undergo Br2 addition to form the oxidized TeBr2 species which results in dramatically red-shifted absorption due to the alternating arrangement to induce strong charge transfer character. The OFET devices using the tellurophene-containing polychalcogenophenes can be applied for Br2 detection, showing high sensitivity, selectivity and reversibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Hsiu Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 University Road Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan China
| | - Huai-Hsuan Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 University Road Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan China
| | - Kuang-Yi Cheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 University Road Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan China
| | - Chia-Lin Tsai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 University Road Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan China
| | - Yen-Ju Cheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 University Road Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan China
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University 1001 University Road Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan China
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4
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Mérgola-Greef J, Milne BF. First-principles study of electronic and optical properties in 1-dimensional oligomeric derivatives of telomestatin. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:12744-12753. [PMID: 37114806 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01140b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Real-space self-interaction corrected (time-dependent) density functional theory has been used to investigate the ground-state electronic structure and optical absorption profiles of a series of linear oligomers inspired by the natural product telomestatin. Length-dependent development of plasmonic excitations in the UV region is seen in the neutral species which is augmented by polaron-type absorption with tunable wavelengths in the IR when the chains are doped with an additional electron/hole. Combined with a lack of absorption in the visible region this suggests these oligomers as good candidates for applications such as transparent antennae in dye-sensitised solar energy collection materials. Due to strong longitudinal polarisation in their absorption spectra, these compounds are also indicated for use in nano-structured devices displaying orientation-sensitive optical responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Mérgola-Greef
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Building, Meston Walk, AB24 3UE, Old Aberdeen, UK.
| | - Bruce F Milne
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Building, Meston Walk, AB24 3UE, Old Aberdeen, UK.
- CFisUC, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
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5
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Conjugated polymers based on selenophene building blocks. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00731-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe intrinsic flexibility, solution processability, and optoelectronic properties of semiconducting conjugated polymers make them ideal candidates for use in a wide range of next-generation electronic devices. A virtually unlimited chemical design space has led to diverse polymeric architectures made from combinations of smaller molecular building blocks with desirable functionalities. Of these, thiophene is undoubtedly the most common due to its mixture of synthetic versatility, polymer backbone planarizing effects, and good optoelectronic characteristics. However, the success of thiophene has meant that other heterocycles, such as selenophene, remain relatively underexplored. This focus review discusses the challenges and material advantages of incorporating selenophene into conjugated polymer systems within the context of our contributions to the field. The early studies of poorly performing electrochemically synthesized polyselenophenes are outlined, progressing onto the model chemically synthesized alkylated homopolymers that revealed the key consequences of selenophene addition. We then review the various donor and donor-acceptor copolymer strategies that have exploited the properties of the selenium atom to enhance the performance of solar cells, transistors, and other organic electronic devices. Finally, we give our perspective on the state of the field and the fundamental material optimization studies required to realize the full potential of selenophene-containing conjugated polymers.
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6
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Zhang Y, Rana R, Liu P, Zabinyakov N, Nitz M, Winnik MA. Tellurium-containing polymer for mass cytometry. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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7
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Ye S, Lotocki V, Xu H, Seferos DS. Group 16 conjugated polymers based on furan, thiophene, selenophene, and tellurophene. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6442-6474. [PMID: 35843215 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00139j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Five-membered aromatic rings containing Group 16 elements (O, S, Se, and Te), also referred as chalcogenophenes, are ubiquitous building blocks for π-conjugated polymers (CPs). Among these, polythiophenes have been established as a model system to study the interplay between molecular structure, solid-state organization, and electronic performance. The judicious substitution of alternative heteroatoms into polythiophenes is a promising strategy for tuning their properties and improving the performance of derived organic electronic devices, thus leading to the recent abundance of CPs containing furan, selenophene, and tellurophene. In this review, we first discuss the current status of Kumada, Negishi, Murahashi, Suzuki-Miyaura, and direct arylation polymerizations, representing the best routes to access well-defined chalcogenophene-containing homopolymers and copolymers. The self-assembly, optical, solid-state, and electronic properties of these polymers and their influence on device performance are then summarized. In addition, we highlight post-polymerization modifications as effective methods to transform polychalcogenophene backbones or side chains in ways that are unobtainable by direct polymerization. Finally, the major challenges and future outlook in this field are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Ye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Victor Lotocki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Dwight S Seferos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada. .,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
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8
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SHIDA N. Electrosynthesis Governed by Electrolyte: Case Studies that Give Some Hints for the Rational Design of Electrolyte. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.22-00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki SHIDA
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yokohama National University
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9
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Varni AJ, Kawakami M, Kramer SN, Rice M, Geib SJ, Peteanu LA, Kowalewski T, Noonan KJT. Investigating the impact of regiochemistry in ester functionalized polyfurans. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Varni
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Manami Kawakami
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Stephanie N. Kramer
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Megan Rice
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Steven J. Geib
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Linda A. Peteanu
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Tomasz Kowalewski
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Kevin J. T. Noonan
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
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10
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Fritze L, Fest M, Helbig A, Bischof T, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Finze M, Helten H. Boron-Doped α-Oligo- and Polyfurans: Highly Luminescent Hybrid Materials, Color-Tunable through the Doping Density. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Fritze
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Fest
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Helbig
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Bischof
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maik Finze
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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11
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Topolskaia V, Pollit AA, Cheng S, Seferos DS. Trends in Conjugated Chalcogenophenes: A Theoretical Study. Chemistry 2021; 27:9038-9043. [PMID: 34000075 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Heavy atom substitution in chalcogenophenes is a versatile strategy for tailoring and ultimately improving conjugated polymer properties. While thiophene monomers are commonly implemented in polymer designs, relatively little is known regarding the molecular properties of the heavier chalcogenophenes. Herein, we use density functional theory (DFT) calculations to examine how group 16 heteroatoms, including the radioactive polonium, affect polychalcogenophene properties including bond length, chain twisting, aromaticity, and optical properties. Heavier chalcogenophenes are more quinoidal in character and consequently have reduced band gaps and larger degrees of planarity. We consider both the neutral and radical cationic species. Upon p-type doping, bond length rearrangement is indicative of a more delocalized electronic structure, which combined with optical calculations is consistent with the polaron-model of charge storage on conjugated polymer chains. A better understanding of the properties of these materials at their molecular levels will inevitably be useful in material design as the polymer community continues to explore more main group containing polymers to tackle issues in electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Topolskaia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Adam A Pollit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Susan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Dwight S Seferos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
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12
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Pahlavanlu P, An SY, Panchuk JR, Pollit AA, Seferos DS. Anion-Radical Polymerization of Sulfur- and Selenium-Substituted N-Type Conjugated Polymers. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paniz Pahlavanlu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - So Young An
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jenny R. Panchuk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Adam A. Pollit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Dwight S. Seferos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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13
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Wang S, Yan C, Zhao W, Liu X, Yuan CS, Zhang HL, Shao X. A tellura-Baeyer-Villiger oxidation: one-step transformation of tellurophene into chiral tellurinate lactone. Chem Sci 2021; 12:5811-5817. [PMID: 34168805 PMCID: PMC8179672 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00397f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Baeyer-Villiger (BV) oxidation is a fundamental organic reaction, whereas the hetero-BV oxidation is uncharted. Herein, a tellura-BV oxidation is discovered. By oxidizing a tellurophene-embedded and electron-rich polycycle (1) with mCPBA or Oxone, an oxygen atom is inserted into the Te-C bond of the tellurophene to form tellurinate lactone mono-2. This reaction proceeds as follows: (i) 1 is oxidized to the tellurophene Te-oxide form (IM-1); (ii) IM-1 undergoes tellura-BV oxidation to give mono-2. Moreover, the hybrid trichalcogenasumanenes 7 and 8 are, respectively, converted to tellurinate lactones mono-9 and mono-10 under the same conditions, indicating that tellura-BV oxidation shows high chemoselectivity. Due to the strong secondary bonding interactions between the Te[double bond, length as m-dash]O groups on tellurinate lactones, mono-2, mono-9, and mono-10 are dimerized to form U-shaped polycycles 2, 9, and 10, respectively. Notably, mono-2, mono-9, mono-10, and their dimers show chirality. This work enables one-step transformation of tellurophene into tellurinate lactone and construction of intricate polycycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Chaoxian Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Wenlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xiaolan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Cheng-Shan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 China
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14
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Braun CA, Ferguson MJ, Rivard E. Tellura(benzo)bithiophenes: Synthesis, Oligomerization, and Phosphorescence. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:2672-2679. [PMID: 33481578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of planar π-extended Te-containing heteroacenes, termed tellura(benzo)bithiophenes, were synthesized. This new structural class of heterocycle features a tellurophene ring fused to a benzobithiophene unit with aromatic side groups (either -C6H4iPr or -C6H4OCH3) positioned at the 2- and 5-positions of the tellurophene moiety. Although attempts to enhance molecular rigidity and extend ring-framework π-delocalization in a cumenyl (-C6H4iPr)-capped tellura(benzo)bithiophene led to oxidation (and Te-C bond scission) to form a diene-one, the formation of an oligomeric tellura(benzo)bithiophene was possible via Kumada catalyst-transfer polycondensation (KCTP). Furthermore, one tellura(benzo)bithiophene derivative exhibits orange-red phosphorescence at room temperature in air when incorporated into a poly(methyl methacrylate) host; accompanying TD-DFT computations provided insight into a potential mechanism for the observed phosphorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina A Braun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michael J Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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15
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Riensch NA, Fest M, Fritze L, Helbig A, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Helten H. Bifuran-bridged bisboranes: highly luminescent B-doped oligohetarenes. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04297h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Boron-doping of oligohetarenes – via classical metathesis or silicon/boron exchange routes – led to strongly luminescent and twofold reversibly reducible oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Alexander Riensch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Fest
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lars Fritze
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Helbig
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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16
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Hu J, Sun C, Li S, Yuan Y, Zhang Y. Heterotellurium-containing macrocycles towards degradable tellurium-functionalized polymers. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00703c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We first disclose a facile strategy to synthesize a heterotellurium-containing macrocycle series, and then well-defined degradable poly(telluride-carbonate)s were obtained by ring-opening polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieni Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Chuanhao Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Siqi Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
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17
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Xu Z, Huang Y, Cao Y, Jin T, Miller KA, Kaledin AL, Musaev DG, Lian T, Egap E. Enhanced intersystem crossing of boron dipyrromethene by TEMPO radical. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:154201. [PMID: 33092372 DOI: 10.1063/5.0025972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Radical enhanced intersystem crossing (EISC) of organic chromophores is an important approach to generate a long-lived triplet state for various electronic and optoelectronic applications. However, structural factors and design rules to promote EISC are not entirely clear. In this work, we report a series of boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) derivatives covalently linked with a 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxyl (TEMPO) radical with varying distances and topologies. We show that the incorporation of the TEMPO radical to BODIPY results in strong fluorescence quenching by up to 85% as a result of EISC and enhanced internal conversion. In BDP-2AR [2-(4-methyleneamino-TEMPO) BODIPY], a dyad with the shortest BODIPY-TEMPO through-bond distance, we observe the fastest EISC rate (τisc = 1.4 ns) and the longest triplet excited state lifetime (τT = 32 µs) compared to other distance and geometry variations. Contrary to previous reports and a general presumption, the BODIPY-TEMPO through-bond distance in this system does not play a significant role on the triplet formation rate and yield. Density functional theory suggests a folding of the TEMPO radical to form a sandwich-like structure with a BODIPY ring that leads to a decrease in the through-space distance, providing a new and an interesting insight for the radical enhanced intersystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Yiming Huang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Yulei Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Kristen A Miller
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Alexey L Kaledin
- Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Djamaladdin G Musaev
- Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Eilaf Egap
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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18
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Barát V, Stuparu MC. Selenium and Tellurium Derivatives of Corannulene: Serendipitous Discovery of a One-Dimensional Stereoregular Coordination Polymer Crystal Based on Te-O Backbone and Side-Chain Aromatic Array. Chemistry 2020; 26:15135-15139. [PMID: 32935415 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Monobromo-, tetrabromo-, and pentachloro-corannulene are subjected to nucleophilic substitution reactions with tolyl selenide and phenyl telluride-based nucleophiles generated in situ from the corresponding dichalcogenides. In the case of selenium nucleophile, the reaction provides moderate yields (52-77 %) of the targeted corannulene selenoethers. A subsequent oxidation of the selenium atoms proceeds smoothly to furnish corannulene selenones in 81-93 % yield. In the case of tellurides, only monosubstitution of the corannulene scaffold could be achieved albeit with concomitant oxidation of the tellerium atom. Unexpectedly, this monotelluroxide derivative of corannulene (RR'Te=O, R=Ph, R'=corannulene) is observed to form a linear coordination polymer chain in the crystalline state. In this chain, Te-O constitutes the polymer backbone around which the aromatic groups (R and R') arrange as polymer side-chains. The polymer crystal is stabilized through intramolecular π-π stacking interactions of the side-chains and intermolecular hydrogen and halogen bonding interactions with the solvent (chloroform) molecules. Interestingly, each diad of the polymer chain is racemic. Therefore, in terms of stereoregularity, the polymer chain can be described as syndiotactic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Barát
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 21-Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mihaiela C Stuparu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 21-Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
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19
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Hicks GEJ, Jarrett-Wilkins CN, Panchuk JR, Manion JG, Seferos DS. Oxidation promoted self-assembly of π-conjugated polymers. Chem Sci 2020; 11:6383-6392. [PMID: 34094104 PMCID: PMC8159418 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00806k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly is an attractive strategy for organizing molecules into ordered structures that can span multiple length scales. Crystallization Driven Self-Assembly (CDSA) involves a block copolymer with a crystallizable core-forming block and an amorphous corona-forming block that aggregate into micelles with a crystalline core in solvents that are selective for the corona block. CDSA requires core- and corona-forming blocks with very different solubilities. This hinders its use for the self-assembly of purely π-conjugated block copolymers since blocks with desirable optoelectronic properties tend to have similar solubilities. Further, this approach is not readily reversible, precluding stimulus-responsive assembly and disassembly. Here, we demonstrate that selective oxidative doping of one block of a fully π-conjugated block copolymer promotes the self-assembly of redox-responsive micelles. Heteroatom substitution in polychalcogenophenes enables the modulation of the intrinsic polymer oxidation potential. We show that oxidized micelles with a narrow size distribution form spontaneously and disassemble in response to a chemical reductant. This method expands the scope of π-conjugated polymers that can undergo controlled self-assembly and introduces reversible, redox-responsive self-assembly of π-conjugated polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garion E J Hicks
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Charles N Jarrett-Wilkins
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Jenny R Panchuk
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Joseph G Manion
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Dwight S Seferos
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
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20
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Dillon AS, Flynn BL. Polyynes to Polycycles: Domino Reactions Forming Polyfused Chalcogenophenes. Org Lett 2020; 22:2987-2990. [PMID: 32216362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polyfused chalcogenophenes are prepared in one step through polyelectrophilic cyclization of polyynes using the ambiphilic reagent MeACl (A = S, Se, or Te). Up to four new rings have been generated under mild conditions, including thiophenes, selenophenes, and tellurophenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annaliese S Dillon
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bernard L Flynn
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
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21
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Okuma K, Qu Y, Suetome A, Nagahora N. Reaction of ketone hydrazones with TeCl 4: isolation and reactions of novel divinyl telluride. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:4583-4589. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00782j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of acetophenone hydrazones with TeCl4 in the presence of DBU gave divinyl tellurides. The reaction of divinyl tellurides with bromine or benzyne afforded the corresponding tellurium dibromides or (E)-2-alkenyl tellurides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Okuma
- Department of Chemistry
- Fukuoka University
- Fukuoka 814-0180
- Japan
| | - Yuxuan Qu
- Department of Chemistry
- Fukuoka University
- Fukuoka 814-0180
- Japan
| | - Aoi Suetome
- Department of Chemistry
- Fukuoka University
- Fukuoka 814-0180
- Japan
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22
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Romito D, Biot N, Babudri F, Bonifazi D. Non-covalent bridging of bithiophenes through chalcogen bonding grips. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj06202e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this work, chalcogen functionalized dithiophenes, equipped on both extremities with chalcogen-bonding recognition heterocycles, have been prepared following two synthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Biot
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff CF10 3AT
- UK
| | - Francesco Babudri
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi Aldo Moro di Bari
- 70126 Bari
- Italy
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23
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Shida N, Nishiyama H, Zheng F, Ye S, Seferos DS, Tomita I, Inagi S. Redox chemistry of π-extended tellurophenes. Commun Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s42004-019-0228-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In the past decade, the incorporation of tellurophene motifs into organic devices has been a promising strategy for the design of advanced materials. However, fundamental redox behavior of tellurophene-containing materials have never been comprehensively explored. Here, we report unique redox behavior of π-extended tellurophenes. The facile coordination of solvent molecules and/or anions becomes evident, in addition to the attachment of nucleophilic halides. This indicates that the tellurium center in oxidized 2,5-diphenyltellurophene is highly electron-deficient and easily yields coordinated structures. This coordination appears to trap the positive charge on the tellurium center rather than delocalizing it over the π-system. When no coordinating counter ion is present, however, oxidation appears to be delocalized over the entire π-system. Additionally, by using more delocalized structures, we show that coordination and charge-delocalization can co-exist. These results provide important insights to understand the properties of tellurophene-containing molecules and materials with extended π-systems.
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24
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Wu X, Lv L, Hu L, Shi Q, Peng A, Huang H. The Synthesis and Optoelectronic Applications for Tellurophene-Based Small Molecules and Polymers. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:2600-2607. [PMID: 31179624 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tellurophene-based small molecules and polymers have received great attentions owing to their applications in thin-film transistors, solar cells, and sensors. This article reviews the current progress of the synthesis and applications of tellurophene-based small molecules and polymers. The physicochemical properties and optoelectronic applications of tellurophene-based materials are summarized and discussed. In the end, the challenges and outlook of tellurophene-based materials are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Wu
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.,Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 229, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby. Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.Sino-Danish center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lei Lv
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lifang Hu
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qinqin Shi
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Aidong Peng
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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25
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Jiang M, Guo J, Liu B, Tan Q, Xu B. Synthesis of Tellurium-Containing π-Extended Aromatics with Room-Temperature Phosphorescence. Org Lett 2019; 21:8328-8333. [PMID: 31560555 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A synthesis of tellurium-embedded π-extended aromatics from tellurium powder and readily available cyclic diaryliodonium salts has been developed. The versatility of this method has been demonstrated by the synthesis of various functionalized dibenzotellurophenes (DBTe's), a ladder-type π-system, and a heterosumanene. These compounds demonstrated good air/moisture stability and high thermal stability. Remarkably, many DBTe's exhibited interesting tunable room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjing Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center , Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road , Shanghai 200444 , China
| | - Jimin Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center , Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road , Shanghai 200444 , China
| | - Bingxin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center , Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road , Shanghai 200444 , China
| | - Qitao Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center , Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road , Shanghai 200444 , China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center , Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road , Shanghai 200444 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200032 , China
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26
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Hupf E, Tsuchiya Y, Moffat W, Xu L, Hirai M, Zhou Y, Ferguson MJ, McDonald R, Murai T, He G, Rivard E. A Modular Approach to Phosphorescent π-Extended Heteroacenes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:13323-13336. [PMID: 31503465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A modular route to previously inaccessible classes of ring-fused π-extended heteroacenes bearing the heavy inorganic element tellurium (Te) is presented. These new materials can be viewed as n-doped analogs of molecular graphene subunits that exhibit color tunable visible light phosphorescence in the solid state and in the presence of air. The general mechanism of phosphorescence in these systems was probed experimentally and computationally via time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). The incorporation of Te into π-extended oligoacene frameworks was achieved by an efficient Zr/Te transmetalation protocol; related zirconium-element exchange reactions have been used to prepare both electron-rich and electron-deficient heterocycles containing different elements from throughout the p-block. Therefore, the current study provides a clear path to incorporate inorganic elements into heteroacenes of greater complexity and side group selectivity compared to existing synthetic routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Hupf
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Yuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering , Gifu University , Yanagido , Gifu 501-1193 , Japan
| | - Wayne Moffat
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Letian Xu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710054 , China
| | - Masato Hirai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) , Nagoya University , Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602 , Japan
| | - Yuqiao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Michael J Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Robert McDonald
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Toshiaki Murai
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering , Gifu University , Yanagido , Gifu 501-1193 , Japan
| | - Gang He
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710054 , China
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
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27
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Green JP, Cha H, Shahid M, Creamer A, Durrant JR, Heeney M. Dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]arsole-containing conjugated polymers in organic photovoltaic devices. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:6676-6679. [PMID: 31017156 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01496a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Arsole-derived conjugated polymers are a relatively new class of materials in the field of organic electronics. Herein, we report the synthesis of two new donor polymers containing fused dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]arsole units and report their application in bulk heterojunction solar cells for the first time. Devices based upon blends with PC71BM display high open circuit voltages around 0.9 V and demonstrate power conversion efficiencies around 4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Green
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Hyojung Cha
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Munazza Shahid
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Adam Creamer
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - James R Durrant
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Martin Heeney
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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28
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Takahashi K, Shimo S, Hupf E, Ochiai J, Braun CA, Torres Delgado W, Xu L, He G, Rivard E, Iwasawa N. Self‐Assembly of Macrocyclic Boronic Esters Bearing Tellurophene Moieties and Their Guest‐Responsive Phosphorescence. Chemistry 2019; 25:8479-8483. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Takahashi
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1, O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Shunsuke Shimo
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1, O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Emanuel Hupf
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Junichi Ochiai
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1, O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Christina A. Braun
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - William Torres Delgado
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Letian Xu
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong University Xian Shaanxi Province 710054 P.R. China
| | - Gang He
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong University Xian Shaanxi Province 710054 P.R. China
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Nobuharu Iwasawa
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1, O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
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29
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Rampon DS, Luz EQ, Lima DB, Balaguez RA, Schneider PH, Alves D. Transition metal catalysed direct selanylation of arenes and heteroarenes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:9851-9905. [PMID: 31120472 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00473d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal catalysed C-H functionalization has reached an exciting level of sophistication, and, today, it represents a paradigm shift from the standard logic of synthetic chemistry. The direct conversion of C-H bonds into C-heteroatoms remains, however, a critical challenge. Nowadays, there is a great demand in general synthetic chemistry in, for example, the materials science for the development of straightforward C-Se bond formation, in order to fulfil the practical requirements. In this sense, this review summarizes recent outstanding advances in the C-Se bond formation through transition metal-catalysed direct selanylation, providing new insights into their mechanistic aspects and disclosing effective synthetic routes with high atom economy. In addition, this review intends to show the growing opportunities to construct complex chemical scaffolds containing selenium atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Rampon
- Laboratório de Polímeros e Catálise - LAPOCA - Universidade Federal do Paraná, P.O. Box 19032, 81531-980, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Q Luz
- Laboratório de Polímeros e Catálise - LAPOCA - Universidade Federal do Paraná, P.O. Box 19032, 81531-980, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
| | - David B Lima
- Laboratório de Polímeros e Catálise - LAPOCA - Universidade Federal do Paraná, P.O. Box 19032, 81531-980, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
| | - Renata A Balaguez
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa, LASOL, CCQFA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Henrique Schneider
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), PO Box 15003, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Diego Alves
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa, LASOL, CCQFA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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30
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Pahlavanlu P, Seferos DS. Navigating the chalcogens: Sulfur substitution for n-type organic materials. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2019.1602625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paniz Pahlavanlu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dwight S. Seferos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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31
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Manion JG, Panchuk JR, Seferos DS. Applying Heteroatom Substitution in Organic Photovoltaics. CHEM REC 2019; 19:1113-1122. [PMID: 30793821 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Poly(3-alkylthiophene) (P3AT) has been a central focus of research on organic photovoltaics (OPVs) for well over a decade. Due to their controlled synthesis P3ATs have proven to be a vital model system for developing an understanding of the effects of polymer structure on optoelectronic properties and blend morphology in bulk heterojunction OPVs. Similar to their thiophene counterparts, selenophene and tellurophene can be polymerized in a controlled manner. As single atom substitution results in significant differences in absorption, charge transport and self-assembly these model systems provide a unique opportunity to probe fundamental structure-property relationships. In this account, we provide an overview of our work on copolymers of thiophene and selenophene and examine how the optoelectronic and morphological behavior of these materials can be strategically adjusted through polymer design. We also highlight recent developments on poly(3-alkyltellurophene) and comment on its future in fundamental and applied studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G Manion
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, CAN M5S 3H6
| | - Jenny R Panchuk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, CAN M5S 3H6
| | - Dwight S Seferos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, CAN M5S 3H6
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON, CAN M5S 3E5
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32
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Vidal F, Jäkle F. Functional Polymeric Materials Based on Main‐Group Elements. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5846-5870. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201810611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Vidal
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University—Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University—Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
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33
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Vidal F, Jäkle F. Funktionelle polymere Materialien auf der Basis von Hauptgruppen‐Elementen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201810611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Vidal
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University—Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University—Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
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34
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Arz MI, Annibale VT, Kelly NL, Hanna JV, Manners I. Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Phosphonates: Access to Inorganic Polymers with a P V-O Main Chain. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:2894-2899. [PMID: 30726071 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We describe a new class of inorganic polymeric materials featuring a main chain consisting of PV-O bonds and aryl side groups, which was obtained with >70 repeat units by ring-opening polymerization of cyclic phosphonates. This monomer-polymer system was found to be dynamic in solution enabling selective depolymerization under dilute conditions, which can be tuned by varying the substituents. The polymers show high thermal stability to weight loss and can be easily fabricated into self-standing thin films. Structural characterizations of the cyclic 6- and 12-membered ring precursors are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius I Arz
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
| | - Vincent T Annibale
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
| | - Nicole L Kelly
- Department of Physics , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom.,MAS CDT, Senate House, University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - John V Hanna
- Department of Physics , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry , University of Victoria , Victoria , British Columbia V8W 3V6 , Canada
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35
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Wang S, Shang J, Yan C, Wang W, Yuan C, Zhang HL, Shao X. Trichalcogenasumanenes containing various chalcogen atoms: synthesis, structure, properties, and chemical reactivity. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01220b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Trichalcogenasumanenes containing two kinds of chalcogen are synthesized. The majority chalcogen governs the optical properties and the heavier chalcogen governs the chemical reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Jihai Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Chaoxian Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Chengshan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
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36
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Luppi BT, McDonald R, Ferguson MJ, Sang L, Rivard E. Rapid access to (cycloalkyl)tellurophene oligomer mixtures and the first poly(3-aryltellurophene). Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:14218-14221. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07512g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
New poly- and oligotellurophenes bearing cycloalkyl and 3-aryl substituents have been reported, with narrow band gaps approaching 1.3 eV observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno T. Luppi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | | | | | - Lingzi Sang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
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37
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Ye S, Janasz L, Zajaczkowski W, Manion JG, Mondal A, Marszalek T, Andrienko D, Müllen K, Pisula W, Seferos DS. Self-Organization and Charge Transport Properties of Selenium and Tellurium Analogues of Polythiophene. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800596. [PMID: 30417480 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A series of conjugated polymers comprising polythiophene, polyselenophene, and polytellurophene with branched 3,7-dimethyloctyl side chains, well-matched molecular weight, dispersity, and regioregularity is synthesized. The ionization potential is found to vary from 5.14 to 5.32 eV, with polytellurophene having the lowest potential. Field-effect transistors based on these materials exhibit distinct hole transport mobility that varies by nearly three orders of magnitude, with polytellurophene having the highest mobility (2.5 × 10-2 cm² V-1 s-1 ). The large difference in mobility demonstrates the significant impact of heteroatom substitution. Although the series of polymers are very similar in structure, their solid-state properties are different. While the thin film microstructure of polythiophene and polyselenophene is identical, polytellurophene reveals globular features in the film topography. Polytellurophenes also appear to be the least crystalline, even though their charge transport properties are superior to other samples. The torsional barrier and degree of planarity between repeat units increase as one moves down group-16 elements. These studies show how a single atom in a polymer chain can have a substantial influence on the bulk properties of a material, and that heavy group-16 atoms have a positive influence on charge transport properties when all other variables are kept unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Ye
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratory, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Lukasz Janasz
- Department of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116,, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Joseph G Manion
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratory, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Anirban Mondal
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10,, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tomasz Marszalek
- Department of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116,, 90-924, Lodz, Poland.,Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10,, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Denis Andrienko
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10,, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10,, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wojciech Pisula
- Department of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116,, 90-924, Lodz, Poland.,Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10,, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dwight S Seferos
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratory, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
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38
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Parke SM, Hupf E, Matharu GK, de Aguiar I, Xu L, Yu H, Boone MP, de Souza GLC, McDonald R, Ferguson MJ, He G, Brown A, Rivard E. Aerobic Solid State Red Phosphorescence from Benzobismole Monomers and Patternable Self-Assembled Block Copolymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:14841-14846. [PMID: 30239084 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of the first bismuth-containing macromolecules that exhibit phosphorescence in the solid state and in the presence of oxygen is reported. These red emissive high molecular weight polymers (>300 kDa) feature benzobismoles appended to a hydrocarbon scaffold, and were built via an efficient ring-opening metathesis (ROMP) protocol. Moreover, our general procedure readily allows for the formation of cross-linked networks and block copolymers. Attaining stable red phosphorescence with non-toxic elements remains a challenge and, thus, our new class of soluble (processable) polymeric phosphor is of great interest. Furthermore, the formation of bismuth-rich cores within organic-inorganic block copolymer spherical micelles is possible, leading to patterned arrays of bismuth in the film state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Parke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Emanuel Hupf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Gunwant K Matharu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Inara de Aguiar
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Letian Xu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michael P Boone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Gabriel L C de Souza
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Robert McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michael J Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Gang He
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Alex Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
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39
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Parke SM, Hupf E, Matharu GK, de Aguiar I, Xu L, Yu H, Boone MP, de Souza GLC, McDonald R, Ferguson MJ, He G, Brown A, Rivard E. Aerobic Solid State Red Phosphorescence from Benzobismole Monomers and Patternable Self-Assembled Block Copolymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Parke
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Emanuel Hupf
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Gunwant K. Matharu
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Inara de Aguiar
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso; Cuiabá Mato Grosso 78060-900 Brazil
| | - Letian Xu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyang Yu
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Michael P. Boone
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Gabriel L. C. de Souza
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso; Cuiabá Mato Grosso 78060-900 Brazil
| | - Robert McDonald
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Michael J. Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Gang He
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 People's Republic of China
| | - Alex Brown
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
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40
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Ho PC, Wang J, Vargas-Baca I. Reagents that Contain Se-H or Te-H Bonds. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2017-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Species that contain bonds between hydrogen and selenium or tellurium have a characteristic high reactivity, which can be harnessed in the synthesis of valuable organic compounds. This overview includes the synthesis of dihydrides, alkali metal hydrochalcogenides, chalcogenols, chalcogenocarboxylic and chalcogenocarbamic acids, and their application in reactions of reduction, addition to unsaturated compounds, and nucleophilic substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C. Ho
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , Ontario, Canada
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , Ontario, Canada
| | - Ignacio Vargas-Baca
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , Ontario, Canada
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Parke
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. Edmonton, Alberta Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. Edmonton, Alberta Canada T6G 2G2
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42
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Kremláček V, Hyvl J, Yoshida WY, Růžička A, Rheingold AL, Turek J, Hughes RP, Dostál L, Cain MF. Heterocycles Derived from Generating Monovalent Pnictogens within NCN Pincers and Bidentate NC Chelates: Hypervalency versus Bell-Clappers versus Static Aromatics. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vít Kremláček
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Hyvl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai‘i at Ma̅noa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Wesley Y. Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai‘i at Ma̅noa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jan Turek
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Russell P. Hughes
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, 6128 Burke Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Matthew F. Cain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai‘i at Ma̅noa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
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43
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Torres Delgado W, Braun CA, Boone MP, Shynkaruk O, Qi Y, McDonald R, Ferguson MJ, Data P, Almeida SKC, Aguiar ID, de Souza GLC, Brown A, He G, Rivard E. Moving Beyond Boron-Based Substituents To Achieve Phosphorescence in Tellurophenes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:12124-12134. [PMID: 28968055 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b11628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous research in our group showed that tellurophenes with pinacolboronate (BPin) units at the 2- and/or 5-positions displayed efficient phosphorescence in the solid state, both in the presence of oxygen and water. In this current study, we show that luminescence from a tellurophene is possible when various aryl-based substituents are present, thus greatly expanding the family of known (and potentially accessible) Te-based phosphors. Moreover, for the green phosphorescent perborylated tellurium heterocycle, 2,3,4,5-TeC4BPin4 (4BTe), oxygen-mediated quenching of phosphorescence is an important contributor to the lack of emission in solution (when exposed to air); thus, this system displays aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE). These discoveries should facilitate the future design of color tunable tellurium-based luminogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Torres Delgado
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Christina A Braun
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Michael P Boone
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Olena Shynkaruk
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Yanyu Qi
- Center for Materials Chemistry, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710054 , People's Republic of China
| | - Robert McDonald
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Michael J Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Przemyslaw Data
- Department of Physics , Durham University , Durham , U.K. DH1 3LE
- Faculty of Chemistry , Silesian University of Technology , Strzody 9 , Gliwice , Poland 44-100
| | - Shawan K C Almeida
- Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso , Cuiabá , Mato Grosso 78060-900 , Brazil
| | - Inara de Aguiar
- Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso , Cuiabá , Mato Grosso 78060-900 , Brazil
| | - Gabriel L C de Souza
- Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso , Cuiabá , Mato Grosso 78060-900 , Brazil
| | - Alex Brown
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Gang He
- Center for Materials Chemistry, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710054 , People's Republic of China
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2
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44
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Rawe BW, Priegert AM, Wang S, Schiller C, Gerke S, Gates DP. An Addition–Isomerization Mechanism for the Anionic Polymerization of MesP═CPh2 and m-XylP═CPh2. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W. Rawe
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Andrew M. Priegert
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Carl Schiller
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Sonja Gerke
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Derek P. Gates
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
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45
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Ma W, Yu C, Chen T, Xu L, Zhang WX, Xi Z. Metallacyclopentadienes: synthesis, structure and reactivity. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:1160-1192. [PMID: 28119972 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00525j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Metallacyclopentadienes, which possess two M-C(sp2) bonds and feature the structure of M(C[upper bond 1 start]R1[double bond, length as m-dash]CR2-CR3[double bond, length as m-dash]C[upper bond 1 end]R4), are an important class of five-membered metallacycles. They are considered as both reactive intermediates in the stoichiometric and catalytic transformations of organic molecules and useful precursors to main group element compounds, and have received considerable attention in organometallic chemistry, coordination chemistry and synthetic organic chemistry over the past six decades because of their unique metallacyclic structure. This review comprehensively presents the synthesis, structure and reactivity of the s-, p-, d- and f-block metallacyclopentadienes distributed in the whole periodic table. In addition, their application in synthetic organic chemistry and polymer chemistry is summarized. This review aims to be beneficial for the design and synthesis of novel metallacyclopentadienes, and for promoting the rapid development of metallacyclic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangyang Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Chao Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Tianyang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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46
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Karapala VK, Shih HP, Han CC. Cascade and Effective Syntheses of Functionalized Tellurophenes. Org Lett 2018; 20:1550-1554. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vamsi Krishna Karapala
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hong-Pin Shih
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chien-Chung Han
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
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47
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Ishii A, Shibata M, Ebina R, Nakata N. Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Dibenzobarrelene-Incorporated 1,4-Diphenyl-1,3-pentadienes and a 5-Sila Derivative Having High Fluorescence Efficiency. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Ishii
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Saitama University; 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku 338-8570 Saitama Japan
| | - Mari Shibata
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Saitama University; 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku 338-8570 Saitama Japan
| | - Ryota Ebina
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Saitama University; 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku 338-8570 Saitama Japan
| | - Norio Nakata
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Saitama University; 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku 338-8570 Saitama Japan
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48
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Mahmudov KT, Kopylovich MN, Guedes da Silva MFC, Pombeiro AJL. Chalcogen bonding in synthesis, catalysis and design of materials. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:10121-10138. [PMID: 28686248 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01685a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chalcogen bonding is a type of noncovalent interaction in which a covalently bonded chalcogen atom (O, S, Se or Te) acts as an electrophilic species towards a nucleophilic (negative) region(s) in another or in the same molecule. In general, this interaction is strengthened by the presence of an electron-withdrawing group on the electron-acceptor chalcogen atom and upon moving down in the periodic table of elements, from O to Te. Following a short discussion of the phenomenon of chalcogen bonding, this Perspective presents some demonstrative experimental observations in which this bonding is crucial for synthetic transformations, crystal engineering, catalysis and design of materials as synthons/tectons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran T Mahmudov
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal. and Department of Chemistry, Baku State University, Z. Xalilov Str. 23, Az 1148 Baku, Azerbaijan and Organic Chemistry Department, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Maximilian N Kopylovich
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - M Fátima C Guedes da Silva
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Armando J L Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Nagahora N, Yahata S, Goto S, Shioji K, Okuma K. 2,5-Diaryltellurophenes: Effect of Electron-Donating and Electron-Withdrawing Groups on their Optoelectronic Properties. J Org Chem 2018; 83:1969-1975. [PMID: 29392944 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The transformation of 1,2-bis(1-arylvinyl)ditellurides into 2,5-diaryltellurophenes by sequential ditelluride exchange and thermal intramolecular cyclization reactions is presented, and the optoelectronic properties of a series of 2,5-diaryltellurophenes with both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing aryl substituents are disclosed. Furthermore, the multicolored emissive tellurophenes in solution at room temperature have been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyoshi Nagahora
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University , Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yahata
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University , Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shoko Goto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University , Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kosei Shioji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University , Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kentaro Okuma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University , Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
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Zhang K, Lv L, Wang X, Mi Y, Chai R, Liu X, Shen G, Peng A, Huang H. Tellurophene-Based Random Copolymers for High Responsivity and Detectivity Photodetectors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:1917-1924. [PMID: 29283552 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b15245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Organic photodetectors (OPDs) have attracted great attention because of their advantages including tunable response range, easy processability, and flexibility. Various conjugated polymers have been developed for high-performing OPDs. Herein, a series of tellurophene-based random copolymers containing two typical electron-withdrawing units naphthalene diimide (NDI) and perylene diimide (PDI) are designed and synthesized. Through varying the ratio of PDI/NDI moieties of the analogous polymers, the optophysical properties and film morphology, together with photodetector performances, are systematically tuned. It was demonstrated that the photodetectors based on the polymer with the molar ratio of PDI/NDI units of 70/30 possessed strong photoinduced absorption and favorable morphology via transient absorption spectra and atomic force microscopy studies. As a result, a high responsivity about 19.1 A/W at 600 nm and an excellent detectivity more than 1012 Jones ranging from 350 to 600 nm were successfully achieved, which are among the highest values for OPDs and comparable to inorganic counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lei Lv
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofen Wang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yang Mi
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ruiqing Chai
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Guozhen Shen
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Aidong Peng
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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