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Wang L, Wang Y, Mou C, Wang W, Zhu C, He S, Liu H, Liu W. Petal-like Patterning of Polylactide/Poly (Butylene Succinate) Thin Films Induced by Phase Separation. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4463. [PMID: 38006187 PMCID: PMC10674647 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable plastics are attracting attention as a solution to the problems caused by plastic waste. Among biodegradable plastics, polylactide (PLA) and poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) are particularly noteworthy because of their excellent biodegradability. However, the drawbacks of their mechanical properties prompts the need to compound them to achieve the desired strength. The characteristics of the interface of the composite material determine the realization of its final performance. The study of the interface and microstructure of composites is essential for the development of products from degradable polymers. The morphology evolution and microcrystal structure of spin-casted fully biodegradable (PLA/PBS) blend films were investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanomechanical mapping. Results show that intact blend films present an obvious phase separation, where the PBS phase is uniformly dispersed in the PLA phase in the form of pores. Furthermore, the size and number of the PBS phase have a power exponential relationship and linear relationship with PBS loading, respectively. Intriguingly, after annealing at 80 °C for 30 min, the PLA phase formed an orderly petal-like microcrystalline structure centered on the PBS phase. Moreover, the microcrystalline morphology changed from a "daisy type" to a "sunflower type" with the increased size of the PBS phase. Since the size of the PBS phase is controllable, a new method for preparing microscopic patterns using fully biodegradable polymers is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.W.); (Y.W.); (C.M.); (W.W.); (C.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Yujie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.W.); (Y.W.); (C.M.); (W.W.); (C.Z.); (S.H.)
- School of Chemical and Printing-Dyeing Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou 451191, China
| | - Chudi Mou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.W.); (Y.W.); (C.M.); (W.W.); (C.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Wanjie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.W.); (Y.W.); (C.M.); (W.W.); (C.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Chengshen Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.W.); (Y.W.); (C.M.); (W.W.); (C.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Suqin He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.W.); (Y.W.); (C.M.); (W.W.); (C.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.W.); (Y.W.); (C.M.); (W.W.); (C.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Wentao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.W.); (Y.W.); (C.M.); (W.W.); (C.Z.); (S.H.)
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Wang ZQ, Wang YM, Wang XY, Wang BH, Chen JB, Shen CY, Zhang B. Self-nucleation of Patterned Polymer Thin Films Defined by Soft Lithography. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2709-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Xu J, Liu Z, Jing L, Chen J. Fabrication of PCDTBT Conductive Network via Phase Separation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:5071. [PMID: 34501162 PMCID: PMC8433801 DOI: 10.3390/ma14175071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Poly[N-9'-hepta-decanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5-5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT) is a stable semiconducting polymer with high rigidity in its molecular chains, which makes it difficult to organize into an ordered structure and affects the device performance. Here, a PCDTBT network consisting of aggregates and nanofibers in thin films was fabricated through the phase separation of mixed PCDTBT and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), the effect of the blending conditions (weight ratio, solution concentration, and molecular weight) and processing conditions (substrate temperature and solvent) on the resulting phase-separated morphologies of the blend films after a selective washing procedure was studied. It was found that the phase-separated structure's transition from an island to a continuous structure occurred when the weight ratio of PCDTBT/PEG changed from 2:8 to 7:3. Increasing the solution concentration from 0.1 to 3.0 wt% led to an increase in both the height of the PCDTBT aggregate and the width of the nanofiber. When the molecular weight of the PEG was increased, the film exhibited a larger PCDTBT aggregate size. Meanwhile, denser nanofibers were found in films prepared using PCDTBT with higher molecular weight. Furthermore, the electrical characteristics of the PCDTBT network were measured using conductive AFM. Our findings suggest that phase separation plays an important role in improving the molecular chain diffusion rate and fabricating the PCDTBT network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Xu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (Z.L.); (L.J.)
| | | | | | - Jingbo Chen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (Z.L.); (L.J.)
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Zhang H, Wang B, Wang G, Shen C, Chen J, Reiter G, Zhang B. Dewetting-Induced Alignment and Ordering of Cylindrical Mesophases in Thin Block Copolymer Films. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Binghua Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Changyu Shen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Günter Reiter
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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Palacios JK, Zhang H, Zhang B, Hadjichristidis N, Müller AJ. Direct identification of three crystalline phases in PEO-b-PCL-b-PLLA triblock terpolymer by In situ hot-stage atomic force microscopy. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Li H, Liu D, Bu X, Zhou Z, Ren Z, Sun X, Reiter R, Yan S, Reiter G. Formation of Asymmetric Leaf-Shaped Crystals in Ultrathin Films of Oriented Polyethylene Molecules Resulting from High-Temperature Relaxation and Recrystallization. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Duanzijing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xinyun Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhongjie Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Renate Reiter
- Institute of Physics and Freiburg Materials Research Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Shouke Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Günter Reiter
- Institute of Physics and Freiburg Materials Research Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
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Wang B, Chen J, Shen C, Reiter G, Zhang B. Relation Between Charge Transport and the Number of Interconnected Lamellar Poly(3-Hexylthiophene) Crystals. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Binghua Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changyu Shen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Günter Reiter
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
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Wang B, Zhang B, Shen C, Chen J, Reiter G. Generating Nanoscopic Patterns in Conductivity within a Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Crystal via Bias-Controlled Scanning Probe Nanolithography. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Binghua Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changyu Shen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Günter Reiter
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Wang B, Tang S, Wang Y, Shen C, Reiter R, Reiter G, Chen J, Zhang B. Systematic Control of Self-Seeding Crystallization Patterns of Poly(ethylene oxide) in Thin Films. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Binghua Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Tang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changyu Shen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renate Reiter
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Günter Reiter
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jingbo Chen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang H, Xu L, Xu Y, Huang G, Zhao X, Lai Y, Shi T. Enhanced Self-Organized Dewetting of Ultrathin Polymer Blend Film for Large-Area Fabrication of SERS Substrate. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38337. [PMID: 27922062 PMCID: PMC5138605 DOI: 10.1038/srep38337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We study the enhanced dewetting of ultrathin Polystyrene (PS)/Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) blend films in a mixed solution, and reveal the dewetting can act as a simple and effective method to fabricate large-area surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate. A bilayer structure consisting of under PMMA layer and upper PS layer forms due to vertical phase separation of immiscible PS/PMMA during the spin-coating process. The thicker layer of the bilayer structure dominates the dewetting structures of PS/PMMA blend films. The diameter and diameter distribution of droplets, and the average separation spacing between the droplets can be precisely controlled via the change of blend ratio and film thickness. The dewetting structure of 8 nm PS/PMMA (1:1 wt%) blend film is proved to successfully fabricate large-area (3.5 cm × 3.5 cm) universal SERS substrate via deposited a silver layer on the dewetting structure. The SERS substrate shows good SERS-signal reproducibility (RSD < 7.2%) and high enhancement factor (2.5 × 107). The enhanced dewetting of polymer blend films broadens the application of dewetting of polymer films, especially in the nanotechnology, and may open a new approach for the fabrication of large-area SERS substrate to promote the application of SERS substrate in the rapid sensitive detection of trace molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Surface Physics and Chemistry, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- Laboratory of Surface Physics and Chemistry, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, P. R. China
| | - Yabo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Gang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xueyu Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Tongfei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
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12
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Zhang B, Wang B, Chen J, Shen C, Reiter R, Chen J, Reiter G. Flow-Induced Dendritic β-Form Isotactic Polypropylene Crystals in Thin Films. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Binghua Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - JiaJia Chen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changyu Shen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renate Reiter
- Institute
of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jingbo Chen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Günter Reiter
- Institute
of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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