1
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(PVDF)2(PEO)2 miktoarm star copolymers: Synthesis and isothermal crystallization leading to exclusive β-phase formation. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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2
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Two-Stage Evolution of Gamma-Phase Spherulites of Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride) Induced by Alkylammonium Salt. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183901. [PMID: 36146045 PMCID: PMC9504496 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the evolution of the γ-phase spherulites of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) added to 1 wt% of tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate during the isothermal crystallization at 165 °C through polarized optical microscopy and light scattering measurements. Optically isotropic domains grew, and then optical anisotropy started to increase in the domain to yield spherulite. Double peaks were seen in the time variation of the Vv light scattering intensity caused by the density fluctuation and optical anisotropy, and the Hv light scattering intensity caused by the optical anisotropy started to increase during the second increase in the Vv light scattering intensity. These results suggest the two-stage evolution of the γ-phase spherulites, i.e., the disordered domain grows in the first stage and ordering in the spherulite increases due to the increase in the fraction of the lamellar stacks in the spherulite without a change in the spherulite size in the second stage. Owing to the characteristic crystallization behavior, the birefringence in the γ-phase spherulites of the PVDF/TBAHS was much smaller than that in the α-phase spherulites of the neat PVDF.
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3
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Effect of the TrFE Content on the Crystallization and SSA Thermal Fractionation of P(VDF-co-TrFE) Copolymers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810365. [PMID: 36142274 PMCID: PMC9499170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, we study the effect of trifluoro ethylene (TrFE) comonomer content (samples with 80/20, 75/25, and 70/30 VDF/TrFE molar ratios were used) on the crystallization in P(VDF-co-TrFE) in comparison with a PVDF (Poly(vinylidene fluoride)) homopolymer. Employing Polarized Light Optical Microscopy (PLOM), the growth rates of spherulites or axialites were determined. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was used to determine overall crystallization rates, self-nucleation, and Successive Self-nucleation and Annealing (SSA) thermal fractionation. The ferroelectric character of the samples was explored by polarization measurements. The results indicate that TrFE inclusion can limit the overall crystallization of the copolymer samples, especially for the ones with 20 and 25% TrFE. Self-nucleation measurements in PVDF indicate that the homopolymer can be self-nucleated, exhibiting the classic three Domains. However, the increased nucleation capacity in the copolymers provokes the absence of the self-nucleation Domain II. The PVDF displays a monomodal distribution of thermal fractions after SSA, but the P(VDF-co-TrFE) copolymers do not experience thermal fractionation, apparently due to TrFE incorporation in the PVDF crystals. Finally, the maximum and remnant polarization increases with increasing TrFE content up to a maximum of 25% TrFE content, after which it starts to decrease due to the lower dipole moment of the TrFE defect inclusion within the PVDF crystals.
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4
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Liu Z, Wang H, Liu K, Li H, Sun X, Hu J, Wang S, Yuan C, Yan S. Ionic Liquid Assisted α–γ′ Phase Transition of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Thin Films. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zixiong Liu
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haijun Wang
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao City 266042, China
| | - Shaojuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao City 266042, China
| | - Chunlei Yuan
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shouke Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao City 266042, China
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5
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Nucleation Effect of the Chemical Structure of Alkylammonium Salt on the Crystallization Behavior of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride). POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/5807491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of the chemical structure of alkylammonium salt on the crystallization behavior of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) by DSC, optical microscopy, light scattering, and FT-IR. The nonisothermal and isothermal crystallizations of PVDF were accelerated by adding alkylammonium salt consisting of short alkyl chains and small anion species, and the spherulite size and the ordering in the spherulite became smaller due to the nucleation agent effect. The FT-IR spectra revealed that electroactive γ-phase was preferentially formed by adding alkylammonium salts though the accelerated crystallization was suppressed due to the steric hindrance effect by the long alkyl chain and large anion species. On the other hand, the formation of the γ-phase was suppressed when the dispersion of the salt in the PVDF matrix was poor due to the high melting temperature.
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6
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Wang S, Ma W, Yang H, Cao Z, Liu C, Gong F. Exploration of the Nucleation-Growth Effect of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide for High β-Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) Crystallization. J MACROMOL SCI B 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2022.2030991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiting Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhong Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Changzhou University Huaide College, Jingjiang, People's Republic of China
- National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering (Changzhou University), Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haicun Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Changzhou University Huaide College, Jingjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanghong Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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7
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Yuan M, Wang H, Li H, Yuan C, Wang T, Yang H. Deep Eutectic Solvent—A Novel Additive to Induce Gamma Crystallization and Alpha‐to‐Gamma Phase Transition of PVDF. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhua Yuan
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi 710021 China
| | - Haijun Wang
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi 710021 China
| | - Huihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Chunlei Yuan
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi 710021 China
| | - Tong Wang
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi 710021 China
| | - Haibo Yang
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi 710021 China
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8
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Guo W, Liu Z, Zhu Y, Li L. Fabrication of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride)/Graphene Nano-Composite Micro-Parts with Increased β-Phase and Enhanced Toughness via Micro-Injection Molding. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3292. [PMID: 34641108 PMCID: PMC8512775 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on poly(vinylidene fluoride)/graphene (PVDF/GP) nano-composite powder, with high β-phase content (>90%), prepared on our self-designed pan-mill mechanochemical reactor, the micro-injection molding of PVDF/GP composite was successfully realized and micro-parts with good replication and dimensional stability were achieved. The filling behaviors and the structure evolution of the composite during the extremely narrow channel of the micro-injection molding were systematically studied. In contrast to conventional injection molding, the extremely high injection speed and small cavity of micro-injection molding produced a high shear force and cooling rate, leading to the obvious "skin-core" structure of the micro-parts and the orientation of both PVDF and GP in the shear layer, thus, endowing the micro-parts with a higher melting point and crystallinity and also inducing the transformation of more α-phase PVDF to β-phase. At the injection speed of 500 mm/s, the β-phase PVDF in the micro-part was 78%, almost two times of that in the macro-part, which was beneficial to improve the dielectric properties. The micro-part had the higher tensile strength (57.6 MPa) and elongation at break (53.6%) than those of the macro-part, due to its increased crystallinity and β-phase content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.)
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9
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Fu C, Zhu H, Hoshino N, Akutagawa T, Mitsuishi M. Interfacial Nanostructuring of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Homopolymer with Predominant Ferroelectric Phases. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:14083-14091. [PMID: 33147043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Facile preparation of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) homopolymer nanoparticles (NPs) with monodispersed size distribution and predominant ferroelectric phases was done in an interfacial nonsolvent (water/methanol)-solvent (dimethylformamide (DMF))-polymer (PVDF) ternary system using two interfacial nanoassembly methods. First, a fluidic liquid-liquid interface consisting of two miscible solvents was created by introducing nonsolvent (water) under the PVDF solution. After the interface was created, the interface moved up to the DMF phase direction; PVDF NPs were produced through nonsolvent-induced phase separation. As the water content decreased in the nonsolvent by mixing with methanol, PVDF structures changed from nanoparticles with 252 nm average diameter (PVDF NP-1) to a porous membrane through membrane-wrapped NPs. The phenomena were found to be related to the mutual affinity of solvent, nonsolvent, and PVDF. When an additional external force was introduced to the water-DMF-PVDF system through magnetic stirring (reprecipitation method), smaller PVDF NPs with 61.4 nm diameter were obtained (PVDF NP-2). Both the as-prepared PVDF NPs were demonstrated with the predominant ferroelectric (electroactive (EA)) phase up to 97-98% among crystalline phases, which is apparently the highest value ever reported for PVDF homopolymer NPs. It is noteworthy that PVDF NP-2 showed a higher β phase ratio than that of PVDF NP-1, as proved using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Also, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements revealed that PVDF NP-1 exhibited higher crystallinity and that PVDF NP-2 underwent a well-separated two-step phase transition under heating. Results suggest that controlling interface formation with DMF and water plays a crucial role in manipulating ferroelectric PVDF nanostructures in terms of crystallinity and the ferroelectric β phase-to-γ phase ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Fu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Huie Zhu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Norihisa Hoshino
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Akutagawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Masaya Mitsuishi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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10
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Li L, Xin R, Li H, Sun X, Ren Z, Huang Q, Yan S. Tacticity-Dependent Epitaxial Crystallization of Poly( l-lactic acid) on an Oriented Polyethylene Substrate. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze University, Heze 274015, China
| | - Rui Xin
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Huihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhongjie Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qigu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shouke Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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11
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Wang M, Wang S, Hu J, Li H, Ren Z, Sun X, Wang H, Yan S. Taming the Phase Transition Ability of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) from α to γ′ Phase. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shaojuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber−Plastics Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber−Plastics Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Huihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhongjie Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haijun Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi′an 710021, China
| | - Shouke Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Rubber−Plastics Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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12
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Tang Z, Yang S, Wang H, Sun X, Ren Z, Li H, Yan S. Phase transition behavior of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) in a blend with Poly(butylene adipate) at high temperature. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Song T, Wang S, Wang H, Sun X, Li H, Yan S. Effect of Illite on Crystallization of Poly(vinylidene fluoride). Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b06432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shaojuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Haijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shouke Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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14
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Roy RE, Soundiraraju B, Rajeev RS. Optically transparent nanocomposite films based on poly(vinylidene fluoride) and single walled carbon nanotube: Role of process parameters on polymorphic changes. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rinu Elizabeth Roy
- Polymers and Special Chemicals DivisionVikram Sarabhai Space Centre Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India
| | | | - Rajvihar S. Rajeev
- Polymers and Special Chemicals DivisionVikram Sarabhai Space Centre Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India
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15
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Wang B, Menyhard A, Alfonso GC, Müller AJ, Cavallo D. Differential scanning calorimetry study of cross-nucleation between polymorphs in isotactic poly(1-butene). POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry; University of Genova; Genova Italy
| | - Alfred Menyhard
- Laboratory of Plastics and Rubber Technology, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Budapest Hungary
| | - Giovanni C Alfonso
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry; University of Genova; Genova Italy
| | - Alejandro J Müller
- POLYMAT and Polymer Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Chemistry; University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU; San Sebastián Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science; Bilbao Spain
| | - Dario Cavallo
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry; University of Genova; Genova Italy
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16
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Meereboer NL, Terzić I, Saidi S, Hermida Merino D, Loos K. Nanoconfinement-Induced β-Phase Formation Inside Poly(vinylidene fluoride)-Based Block Copolymers. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:863-867. [PMID: 30034948 PMCID: PMC6052937 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The electroactive properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) are a direct consequence of its crystalline phases. Although poorly understood, nanostructuring PVDF in confined geometries can drastically change its crystallization behavior. Therefore, we synthesized a variety of PVDF-based triblock copolymers to gain a better understanding of the melt crystallization and explore how crystallization is affected by the morphology and chemical nature of the amorphous block. Differential scanning calorimetry, small-/wide-angle X-ray scattering, and transmission electron microscopy gave us excellent insights into the morphology and the corresponding crystalline phases. We find that crystallization of PVDF inside spherical nanodomains occurs via a homogeneous nucleation mechanism leading to a large undercooling and the formation of the thermodynamically favorable ferroelectric β-phase. On the contrary, when confined crystallization occurs inside a lamellar morphology, or in the case of breakout crystallization, a heterogeneous nucleation process leads to the formation of the nonferroelectric α-phase. Furthermore, favorable melt interactions between both blocks induce crystallization into the polar γ-phase at moderate cooling rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels L. Meereboer
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ivan Terzić
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Saidi
- LMOPS, EA 4423, Université de Lorraine, CentraleSupelec Metz, 2 rue Edouard Belin, Metz, F-57070, France
| | | | - Katja Loos
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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17
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Le AV, Wang M, Noelle DJ, Shi Y, Qiao Y. Mitigating thermal runaway of lithium‐ion battery by using thermally sensitive polymer blend as cathode binder. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anh V. Le
- Department of Structural EngineeringUniversity of California—San DiegoSan Diego, CA 92093‐0085
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Structural EngineeringUniversity of California—San DiegoSan Diego, CA 92093‐0085
| | - Daniel J. Noelle
- Program of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of California—San DiegoSan Diego, CA 92093‐0085
| | - Yang Shi
- Program of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of California—San DiegoSan Diego, CA 92093‐0085
| | - Yu Qiao
- Department of Structural EngineeringUniversity of California—San DiegoSan Diego, CA 92093‐0085
- Program of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of California—San DiegoSan Diego, CA 92093‐0085
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18
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Wang H, Yang X, Zhao Y, Yan C, Wang S, Yang H, Wang X, Schultz JM. Preparation of gamma-PVDF with controlled orientation and insight into phase transformation. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Zheng Y, Zhang J, Sun X, Li H, Ren Z, Yan S. Crystal Structure Regulation of Ferroelectric Poly(vinylidene fluoride) via Controlled Melt–Recrystallization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft
Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft
Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft
Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft
Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhongjie Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft
Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shouke Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft
Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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20
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Huang R, Wang G, Guo S, Wang K, Fu Q. Crystallographic features of poly(vinylidene fluoride) film upon an attractive substrate of KBr. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:27828-27838. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04741j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Among all the polymorphs of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), the polar γ-form possesses the highest melting point and electrical breakdown strength as well as the strongest solvent and irradiation resistance, which are beneficial for the durability of PVDF products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Huang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Gang Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Shuo Guo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Ke Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Qiang Fu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
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21
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Cui Z, Hassankiadeh NT, Zhuang Y, Drioli E, Lee YM. Crystalline polymorphism in poly(vinylidenefluoride) membranes. Prog Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Wang HJ, Feng HP, Wang XC, Du QC, Yan C. Crystallization of poly(ethylene adipate) within γ-phase poly(vinylidene fluoride) matrix. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-015-1627-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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Miyazaki T, Takeda Y. Role of the KBr surfaces in crystallization of poly(vinylidene fluoride) films with a KBr powder as a nucleating agent. Eur Polym J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Li Y, Xu JZ, Zhu L, Xu H, Pan MW, Zhong GJ, Li ZM. Multiple stage crystallization of gamma phase poly(vinylidene fluoride) induced by ion-dipole interaction as revealed by time-resolved FTIR and two-dimensional correlation analysis. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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26
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Zhong G, Zhu L, Fong H. Nanodroplet Formations in Electrospun Fibers of Immiscible Polymer Blends and Their Effects on Fractionated Crystallization. LECTURE NOTES IN NANOSCALE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-9472-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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27
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Li Y, Xu JZ, Zhu L, Zhong GJ, Li ZM. Role of Ion–Dipole Interactions in Nucleation of Gamma Poly(vinylidene fluoride) in the Presence of Graphene Oxide during Melt Crystallization. J Phys Chem B 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3087607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- College of Polymer Science and
Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Jia-Zhuang Xu
- College of Polymer Science and
Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department
of Macromolecular
Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
| | - Gan-Ji Zhong
- College of Polymer Science and
Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Ming Li
- College of Polymer Science and
Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People’s
Republic of China
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28
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FTIR assessment of poly(ethylene oxide) irradiated in solid state, melt and aqeuous solution. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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29
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Pan H, Na B, Lv R, Li C, Zhu J, Yu Z. Polar phase formation in poly(vinylidene fluoride) induced by melt annealing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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30
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Yang J, Pan P, Hua L, Feng X, Yue J, Ge Y, Inoue Y. Effects of Crystallization Temperature of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) on Crystal Modification and Phase Transition of Poly(butylene adipate) in Their Blends: A Novel Approach for Polymorphic Control. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:1265-72. [DOI: 10.1021/jp209626x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinjun Yang
- School of
Environmental Science
and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
- Department of Biomolecular
Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-55 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Pengju Pan
- Department of Biomolecular
Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-55 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road,
Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lei Hua
- Department of Biomolecular
Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-55 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Xin Feng
- School of
Environmental Science
and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Junjie Yue
- School of
Environmental Science
and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yanhui Ge
- School of
Environmental Science
and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yoshio Inoue
- Department of Biomolecular
Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-55 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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31
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Zhong G, Zhang L, Su R, Wang K, Fong H, Zhu L. Understanding polymorphism formation in electrospun fibers of immiscible Poly(vinylidene fluoride) blends. POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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32
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Woo EM, Nurkhamidah S, Chen YF. Surface and interior views on origins of two types of banded spherulites in poly(nonamethylene terephthalate). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:17841-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp22249j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Ince-Gunduz BS, Burke K, Koplitz M, Meleski M, Sagiv A, Cebe P. Impact of Nanosilicates on Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Crystal Polymorphism: Part 2. Melt-crystallization at Low Supercooling. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2010.518858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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34
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Liang Z, Pan P, Zhu B, Inoue Y. Isomorphic Crystallization of Poly(hexamethylene adipate-co-butylene adipate): Regulating Crystal Modification of Polymorphic Polyester from Internal Crystalline Lattice. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma1008989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Liang
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-55 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Pengju Pan
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-55 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-55 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshio Inoue
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-55 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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35
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Jiang N, Zhao L, Gan Z. Influence of nucleating agent on the formation and enzymatic degradation of poly(butylene adipate) polymorphic crystals. Polym Degrad Stab 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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36
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García-Gutiérrez MC, Linares A, Hernández JJ, Rueda DR, Ezquerra TA, Poza P, Davies RJ. Confinement-induced one-dimensional ferroelectric polymer arrays. NANO LETTERS 2010; 10:1472-6. [PMID: 20232812 DOI: 10.1021/nl100429u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrates the use of wetting nanoporous alumina template with polymer solution to produce arrays of isolated poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) ferroelectric gamma-type nanorods supported within a nonpolar alpha-structure film. The method is based upon a crystal phase transition which occurs due to PVDF confinement within alumina nanoporous. The system was studied using scanning X-ray microdiffraction (micro-XRD) that allows the solid-solid phase transition from the alpha-nonpolar crystal form (bulk) to the gamma polar ferroelectric form (nanorod array) to be spatially resolved, as well as providing crystallinity and orientation information. The results reveal that the interaction between polymer chains and the porous membrane's walls imposes a flat-on lamella growth along the nanorrods long axis, while improving crystal orientation.
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37
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Impact of nanosilicates on poly(vinylidene fluoride) crystal polymorphism: Part 1. Melt-crystallization at high supercooling. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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38
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39
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Geng Y, Wang G, Cong Y, Bai L, Li L, Yang C. Surface adsorption-induced conformational ordering and crystallization of polyethylene oxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.21849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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40
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41
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Pan P, Liang Z, Zhu B, Dong T, Inoue Y. Blending Effects on Polymorphic Crystallization of Poly(l-lactide). Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma8024943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengju Pan
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-55 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Zhichao Liang
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-55 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-55 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Tungalag Dong
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-55 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshio Inoue
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-55 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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42
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Pan P, Liang Z, Cao A, Inoue Y. Layered metal phosphonate reinforced poly(L-lactide) composites with a highly enhanced crystallization rate. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2009; 1:402-411. [PMID: 20353230 DOI: 10.1021/am800106f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Layered metal phosphonate, zinc phenylphosphonate (PPZn), reinforced poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) composites were fabricated by a melt-mixing technique. The nonisothermal and isothermal crystallization, melting behavior, spherulite morphology, crystalline structure, and static and dynamic mechanical properties of the PLLA/PPZn composites were investigated. PPZn shows excellent nucleating effects on PLLA crystallization. With incorporation of 0.02% PPZn, PLLA can finish crystallization under cooling at 10 degrees C/min. The crystallization rate of PLLA further increases with increasing PPZn concentration. Upon the addition of 15% PPZn, the crystallization half-times of a PLLA/PPZn composite decrease from 28.0 to 0.33 min at 130 degrees C, and from 60.2 to 1.4 min at 140 degrees C, compared to the neat PLLA. With the presence of PPZn, the nuclei number of PLLA increases and the spherulite size reduces significantly. Through analysis of the crystal structures of PLLA and PPZn, it was proposed that the nucleation mechanism of the PLLA/PPZn system is epitaxial nucleation. The incorporation of PPZn has no discernible effect on the crystalline structure of PLLA. Moreover, PPZn has good reinforcement effects on the PLLA matrix. The tensile strength of the composite is enhanced with the addition of a relatively small amount of PPZn (<5%). The tensile and storage moduli of composites increase with increasing PPZn loadings, and they respectively improve by 28% and 34% with the incorporation of a 15% PPZn filler, as compared to the neat PLLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengju Pan
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Japan
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