1
|
Martínez-Núñez C, Velasco N, Sanz R, Suárez-Pantiga S. Synthesis of highly substituted 1,3-dienes through halonium promoted 1,2-sulfur migration of propargylic thioethers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1794-1797. [PMID: 38258886 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc06194a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Conjugated 1-bromo or 1-iodo-1,3-dienes bearing a sulfide substituent have been synthesized via 1,2-sulfur migration from propargylic thioethers upon activation with NIS or NBS. The reaction generally proceeds with high control over the regio- and diastereoselectivity. Highly substituted thiophenes and selenophenes are easily obtained from the generated dienes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Martínez-Núñez
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001-Burgos, Spain.
| | - Noelia Velasco
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001-Burgos, Spain.
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001-Burgos, Spain.
| | - Samuel Suárez-Pantiga
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001-Burgos, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Influence of reaction conditions on kumada catalytic transfer polymerization for synthesis of poly(p-phenylene) for organic semiconductors. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03261-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
3
|
|
4
|
Beaumont C, Turgeon J, Idir M, Neusser D, Lapointe R, Caron S, Dupont W, D’Astous D, Shamsuddin S, Hamza S, Landry É, Ludwigs S, Leclerc M. Water-Processable Self-Doped Conducting Polymers via Direct (Hetero)arylation Polymerization. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Josyane Turgeon
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Maël Idir
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - David Neusser
- IPOC-Functional Polymers, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Rosalie Lapointe
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Samuel Caron
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - William Dupont
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Dominic D’Astous
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | | | - Sarah Hamza
- Polyanalytik, 700 Collip Circle #202, London, Ontario N6G 4X8, Canada
| | - Éric Landry
- Polyanalytik, 700 Collip Circle #202, London, Ontario N6G 4X8, Canada
| | - Sabine Ludwigs
- IPOC-Functional Polymers, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mario Leclerc
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li W, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Li C, He Z, Choy WCH, Low PJ, Sonar P, Kyaw AKK. Biodegradable Materials and Green Processing for Green Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2001591. [PMID: 32584502 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There is little question that the "electronic revolution" of the 20th century has impacted almost every aspect of human life. However, the emergence of solid-state electronics as a ubiquitous feature of an advanced modern society is posing new challenges such as the management of electronic waste (e-waste) that will remain through the 21st century. In addition to developing strategies to manage such e-waste, further challenges can be identified concerning the conservation and recycling of scarce elements, reducing the use of toxic materials and solvents in electronics processing, and lowering energy usage during fabrication methods. In response to these issues, the construction of electronic devices from renewable or biodegradable materials that decompose to harmless by-products is becoming a topic of great interest. Such "green" electronic devices need to be fabricated on industrial scale through low-energy and low-cost methods that involve low/non-toxic functional materials or solvents. This review highlights recent advances in the development of biodegradable materials and processing strategies for electronics with an emphasis on areas where green electronic devices show the greatest promise, including solar cells, organic field-effect transistors, light-emitting diodes, and other electronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Li
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Yuniu Zhang
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chang'an Li
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhenfei He
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Paul J Low
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Prashant Sonar
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Aung Ko Ko Kyaw
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Thermotropic Liquid-Crystalline and Light-Emitting Properties of Poly(pyridinium) Salts Containing Various Diamine Connectors and Hydrophilic Macrocounterions. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11050851. [PMID: 31083364 PMCID: PMC6572631 DOI: 10.3390/polym11050851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A set of poly(pyridinium) salts containing various diamine moieties, as molecular connectors, and poly(ethyleneglycol)-4-nonylphenyl-3-sulfopropyl ether, thereafter referred to as “Macroion”, as the hydrophilic counterion, were prepared by metathesis reaction from the respective precursory tosylated poly(pyridinium)s in methanol. The structure of these ionic polymers was established by spectroscopy and chromatography techniques. The shape-persistent ionic poly(pyridinium) materials, inserting rigid or semi-rigid diamine spacers, display thermotropic liquid-crystalline properties from room-temperature up to their isotropization (in the temperature range around 160–200 °C). The nature of the LC phases is lamellar in both cases as identified by the combination of various complementary experimental techniques including DSC, POM and variable-temperature SAXS. The other polymers, inserting bulky or flexible spacers, only form room temperature viscous liquids. These new macromolecular systems can then be referred to as polymeric ionic liquid crystals (PILCs) and or polymeric ionic liquids (PILs). All the ionic polymers show excellent thermal stability, in the 260–330 °C temperature range as determined by TGA measurements, and a good solubility in common organic solvents as well as in water. Their optical properties were characterized in both solution and solid states by UV−Vis and photoluminescent spectroscopies. They emit blue or green light in both the states and exhibit a positive solvatochromic effect.
Collapse
|
7
|
Parenti F, Tassinari F, Libertini E, Lanzi M, Mucci A. Π-Stacking Signature in NMR Solution Spectra of Thiophene-Based Conjugated Polymers. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:5775-5784. [PMID: 31457836 PMCID: PMC6644458 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Studies on conjugated polymers seldom report on their NMR characterization in solution. This paper shows how NMR experiments, both 1H NMR and routine 2D NMR spectra, can help in gaining a further insight into the aggregation behavior of conjugated polymers and could be used to flank the more employed solid-state NMR and other spectroscopy and microscopy techniques in the understanding of the aggregation processes. NMR spectroscopy allows distinguishing, within the class of poorly solvatochromic conjugated polymers, those highly prone to form π-stacked aggregates from the ones that have a low tendency toward π-stacking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Parenti
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università
di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università
di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Emanuela Libertini
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università
di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Lanzi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento, 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Adele Mucci
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università
di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
- E-mail: (A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tassinari F, Libertini E, Parenti F, Ballarin B, Nicola FPD, Lanzi M, Mucci A. Polymers with Alkylsulfanyl Side Chains for Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells: Toward a Greener Strategy. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tassinari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche; Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia; Via G. Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Emanuela Libertini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche; Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia; Via G. Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Francesca Parenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche; Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia; Via G. Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Barbara Ballarin
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari,”; Università di Bologna; Viale del Risorgimento, 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Di Nicola
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari,”; Università di Bologna; Viale del Risorgimento, 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Massimiliano Lanzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari,”; Università di Bologna; Viale del Risorgimento, 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Adele Mucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche; Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia; Via G. Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Grisci G, Mróz W, Giovanella U, Pagano K, Porzio W, Ragona L, Samperi F, Tomaselli S, Galeotti F, Destri S. Acetylcholinesterase-induced fluorescence turn-off of an oligothiophene-grafted quartz surface sensitive to myristoylcholine. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:4892-4903. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00679a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Immobilized oligothiophene chains that are able to assemble/disassemble upon interaction with a cationic surfactant to detect acetylcholinesterase activity by altering their photoluminescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G. Grisci
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (CNR)
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - W. Mróz
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (CNR)
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - U. Giovanella
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (CNR)
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - K. Pagano
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (CNR)
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - W. Porzio
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (CNR)
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - L. Ragona
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (CNR)
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - F. Samperi
- Istituto per i Polimeri
- Compositi e Biomateriali (IPCB) UOS Catania
- CNR
- 95126 Catania
- Italy
| | - S. Tomaselli
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (CNR)
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - F. Galeotti
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (CNR)
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - S. Destri
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (CNR)
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shao M, He Y, Hong K, Rouleau CM, Geohegan DB, Xiao K. A water-soluble polythiophene for organic field-effect transistors. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py21020g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
11
|
Aggregation behaviour of a water-soluble ammonium-functionalized polythiophene: Luminescence enhancement induced by bile-acid anions. POLYMER 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
12
|
Lanzi M, Paganin L. New regioregular polythiophenes functionalized with sulfur-containing substituents for bulk heterojunction solar cells. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2010.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
13
|
Kozlovskaya V, Kharlampieva E, Jones K, Lin Z, Tsukruk VV. pH-controlled assembly and properties of LbL membranes from branched conjugated poly(alkoxythiophene sulfonate) and various polycations. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:7138-7147. [PMID: 20000796 DOI: 10.1021/la9042099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report on multilayer layer-by-layer (LbL) films of the conjugated polymer sodium poly[2-(3-thienyl)ethyloxy-4-butylsulfonate] (PTH) assembled with polycations: poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA), 20% quaternized poly(N-ethyl-4-vinylpyridinium bromide) (Q20), poly(ethylene imine) (PEI), and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH). These films were prepared through spin-assisted LbL assembly under various pH conditions. We demonstrated a crucial role of the deposition pH in formation of PTH/polycation films and showed that decrease in the deposition pH from 7.5 to 2.5 limits the PTH multilayer formation to Q20/PTH and PDDA/PTH films due to reduced charge density in the poly(thiophene) chains. We show that optical and surface properties of the resulting PTH/polycation films can be tuned by varying a polycation component and/or by varying the deposition pH. The fluorescence properties of the Q20/PTH, PEI/PTH, and PDDA/PTH films are pH-dependent, and the films exhibit the drastic changes in photoluminescent intensity when transferred into solutions with different pH values, which may find useful in optical sensing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Kozlovskaya
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Knaapila M, Evans RC, Gutacker A, Garamus VM, Torkkeli M, Adamczyk S, Forster M, Scherf U, Burrows HD. Solvent dependent assembly of a polyfluorene-polythiophene "rod-rod" block copolyelectrolyte: influence on photophysical properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:5056-5066. [PMID: 20085283 DOI: 10.1021/la903520w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report the solvent-driven assembly of a polyelectrolytic polyfluorene-polythiophene diblock copolymer-poly[9,9-bis(2-ethylhexyl)fluorene]-b-poly[3-(6-trimethylammoniumhexyl)thiophene] (PF2/6-b-P3TMAHT)-in tetrahydrofuran (THF), water, their 1:1 mixture and in subsequently prepared thin films, as investigated using a combination of scattering, microscopic and photoluminescence techniques. In solution PF2/6-b-P3TMAHT forms large (>100 nm) aggregates which undergo a transition from objects with surface fractal interface (THF) to ones with a significant planar component due to the presence of the 2-dimensionally merged ribbon-like aggregates or fused walls of the observed vesicular aggregates [THF-water (1:1)]. In THF-water and water the blocks are loosely segregated into P3TMAHT and PF2/6 rich domains, with PF2/6 dominating the aggregate interior. Depending on solvent, the spun films contain either aggregates with a crystalline interior (THF) or large 200 nm-2 microm vesicular aggregates embedded in a featureless matrix (THF-water and water). Structural variations are concomitant with distinctive solvatochromic changes in the photophysical properties including a color change from deep red (THF) to pale orange (THF-water and water) in solution, a decrease in fluorescence quantum yield with increasing water content, and a shift from photoluminescence of individual PF2/6 blocks (THF) to efficient PF2/6 --> P3TMAHT energy transfer (THF-water and water).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Knaapila
- Department of Physics, Institute for Energy Technology, NO-2027 Kjeller, Norway.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lu K, Guo Y, Liu Y, Di CA, Li T, Wei Z, Yu G, Du C, Ye S. Novel Functionalized Conjugated Polythiophene with Oxetane Substituents: Synthesis, Optical, Electrochemical, and Field-Effect Properties. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma900026u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yunlong Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Chong-an Di
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Tao Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Zhongming Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Chunyan Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Shanghui Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
|
17
|
Sgobba V, Troeger A, Cagnoli R, Mateo-Alonso A, Prato M, Parenti F, Mucci A, Schenetti L, Guldi DM. Electrostatic layer-by-layer construction and characterization of photoelectrochemical solar cells based on water soluble polythiophenes and carbon nanotubes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b902712m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
18
|
Chapter 5.1: Five-Membered Ring Systems: Thiophenes and Se/Te Analogues. PROGRESS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(09)70032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|