1
|
Li C, Zhao W, He J, Zhang Y. Topology Controlled All-(Meth)acrylic Thermoplastic Elastomers by Multi-Functional Lewis Pairs-Mediated Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401265. [PMID: 38390752 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
It remains challenging to synthesize all-(meth)acrylic triblock thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs), due to the drastically different reactivities between the acrylates and methacrylates and inevitable occurrence of side reactions during polymerization of acrylates. By taking advantage of the easy structural modulation features of N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs), we design and synthesize strong nucleophilic tetraphenylethylene-based NHOs varying in the number (i.e. mono-, dual- and tetra-) of initiating functional groups. Its combination with bulky organoaluminum [iBuAl(BHT)2] (BHT=bis(2,6-di-tBu-4-methylphenoxy)) constructs Lewis pair (LP) to realize the living polymerization of both acrylates and methacrylates, furnishing polyacrylates with ultrahigh molecular weight (Mn up to 2174 kg ⋅ mol-1) within 4 min. Moreover, these NHO-based LPs enable us to not only realize the control over the polymers' topology (i.e. linear and star), but also achieve triblock star copolymers in one-step manner. Mechanical studies reveal that the star triblock TPEs exhibit better mechanical properties (elongation at break up to 1863 % and tensile strength up to 19.1 MPa) in comparison with the linear analogs. Moreover, the presence of tetraphenylethylene group in the NHOs entitled the triblock TPEs with excellent AIE properties in both solution and solid state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengkai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China, 130012
- SINOPEC Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Beijing, China, 100013
| | - Wuchao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China, 130012
| | - Jianghua He
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China, 130012
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China, 130012
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Narumi A, Sato SI, Shen X, Kakuchi T. Precision synthesis for well-defined linear and/or architecturally controlled thermoresponsive poly(N-substituted acrylamide)s. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01449h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe the progress in precision polymerizations of specific kinds of N-alkylacrylamides and N,N-dialkylacrylamides to produce polymers showing thermoresponsive properties in aqueous media, which representatively include the reversible-deactivation radical polymerizations...
Collapse
|
3
|
Klare HFT, Albers L, Süsse L, Keess S, Müller T, Oestreich M. Silylium Ions: From Elusive Reactive Intermediates to Potent Catalysts. Chem Rev 2021; 121:5889-5985. [PMID: 33861564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The history of silyl cations has all the makings of a drama but with a happy ending. Being considered reactive intermediates impossible to isolate in the condensed phase for decades, their actual characterization in solution and later in solid state did only fuel the discussion about their existence and initially created a lot of controversy. This perception has completely changed today, and silyl cations and their donor-stabilized congeners are now widely accepted compounds with promising use in synthetic chemistry. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the fundamental facts and principles of the chemistry of silyl cations, including reliable ways of their preparation as well as their physical and chemical properties. The striking features of silyl cations are their enormous electrophilicity and as such reactivity as super Lewis acids as well as fluorophilicity. Known applications rely on silyl cations as reactants, stoichiometric reagents, and promoters where the reaction success is based on their steady regeneration over the course of the reaction. Silyl cations can even be discrete catalysts, thereby opening the next chapter of their way into the toolbox of synthetic methodology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik F T Klare
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Albers
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky-Strasse 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Lars Süsse
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Keess
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky-Strasse 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jia Q, Yan ZC, Li Y, Liu J, Ding Y, Liu Y, Li J, Chen Y. Synthesis of well-defined di- and triblock acrylic copolymers consisting of hard poly(dicyclopentanyl acrylate) and soft poly(alkyl acrylate) segments by organocatalyzed group transfer polymerization and their glass transition behavior. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00192b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Well-defined acrylic block copolymers with hard poly(dicyclopentanyl acrylate) and soft poly(n-alkylacrylate) blocks prepared by GTP are observed to undergo microphase separation by rheometry except for the crystallizable poly(n-dodecyl acrylate) series.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qun Jia
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Zhi-Chao Yan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen 518055
| | - Yanan Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen 518055
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen 518055
| | - Yuansheng Ding
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Yujian Liu
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Jian Li
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Yougen Chen
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen
- China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bai Y, Wang H, He J, Zhang Y. Living polymerization of naturally renewable butyrolactone-based vinylidenes mediated by a frustrated Lewis pair. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00924a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The frustrated Lewis pair composed of an organophosphorus(iii) superbase and a bulky organoaluminum Lewis acid promoted the living/controlled polymerization of naturally renewable butyrolactone-based vinylidenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Huaiyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Jianghua He
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
|
7
|
Chen Y, Jia Q, Ding Y, Sato SI, Xu L, Zang C, Shen X, Kakuchi T. B(C6F5)3-Catalyzed Group Transfer Polymerization of Acrylates Using Hydrosilane: Polymerization Mechanism, Applicable Monomers, and Synthesis of Well-Defined Acrylate Polymers. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yougen Chen
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Qun Jia
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Yuansheng Ding
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | | | - Liang Xu
- Research Center for Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Weixing Road 7989, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Chunyu Zang
- Research Center for Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Weixing Road 7989, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Xiande Shen
- Research Center for Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Weixing Road 7989, Jilin 130022, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hong M, Chen J, Chen EYX. Polymerization of Polar Monomers Mediated by Main-Group Lewis Acid-Base Pairs. Chem Rev 2018; 118:10551-10616. [PMID: 30350583 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of new or more sustainable, active, efficient, controlled, and selective polymerization reactions or processes continues to be crucial for the synthesis of important polymers or materials with specific structures or functions. In this context, the newly emerged polymerization technique enabled by main-group Lewis pairs (LPs), termed as Lewis pair polymerization (LPP), exploits the synergy and cooperativity between the Lewis acid (LA) and Lewis base (LB) sites of LPs, which can be employed as frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs), interacting LPs (ILPs), or classical Lewis adducts (CLAs), to effect cooperative monomer activation as well as chain initiation, propagation, termination, and transfer events. Through balancing the Lewis acidity, Lewis basicity, and steric effects of LPs, LPP has shown several unique advantages or intriguing opportunities compared to other polymerization techniques and demonstrated its broad polar monomer scope, high activity, control or livingness, and complete chemo- or regioselectivity, as well as its unique application in materials chemistry. These advances made in LPP are comprehensively reviewed, with the scope of monomers focusing on heteroatom-containing polar monomers, while the polymerizations mediated by main-group LAs and LBs separately that are most relevant to the LPP are also highlighted or updated. Examples of applying the principles of the LPP and LP chemistry as a new platform for advancing materials chemistry are highlighted, and currently unmet challenges in the field of the LPP, and thus the suggested corresponding future research directions, are also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , 3000 Broadway , New York , New York 10027 , United States
| | - Eugene Y-X Chen
- Department of Chemistry , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado 80523 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hu L, Zhao W, He J, Zhang Y. Silyl Ketene Acetals/B(C₆F₅)₃ Lewis Pair-Catalyzed Living Group Transfer Polymerization of Renewable Cyclic Acrylic Monomers. Molecules 2018; 23:E665. [PMID: 29543743 PMCID: PMC6017534 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This work reveals the silyl ketene acetal (SKA)/B(C₆F₅)₃ Lewis pair-catalyzed room-temperature group transfer polymerization (GTP) of polar acrylic monomers, including methyl linear methacrylate (MMA), and the biorenewable cyclic monomers γ-methyl-α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone (MMBL) and α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone (MBL) as well. The in situ NMR monitored reaction of SKA with B(C₆F₅)₃ indicated the formation of Frustrated Lewis Pairs (FLPs), although it is sluggish for MMA polymerization, such a FLP system exhibits highly activity and living GTP of MMBL and MBL. Detailed investigations, including the characterization of key reaction intermediates, polymerization kinetics and polymer structures have led to a polymerization mechanism, in which the polymerization is initiated with an intermolecular Michael addition of the ester enolate group of SKA to the vinyl group of B(C₆F₅)₃-activated monomer, while the silyl group is transferred to the carbonyl group of the B(C₆F₅)₃-activated monomer to generate the single-monomer-addition species or the active propagating species; the coordinated B(C₆F₅)₃ is released to the incoming monomer, followed by repeated intermolecular Michael additions in the subsequent propagation cycle. Such neutral SKA analogues are the real active species for the polymerization and are retained in the whole process as confirmed by experimental data and the chain-end analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF MS). Moreover, using this method, we have successfully synthesized well-defined PMMBL-b-PMBL, PMMBL-b-PMBL-b-PMMBL and random copolymers with the predicated molecular weights (Mn) and narrow molecular weight distribution (MWD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Wuchao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Jianghua He
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hu L, He J, Zhang Y, Chen EYX. Living Group Transfer Polymerization of Renewable α-Methylene-γ-butyrolactones Using Al(C6F5)3 Catalyst. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Hu
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Jianghua He
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Eugene Y.-X. Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen J, Gowda RR, He J, Zhang Y, Chen EYX. Controlled or High-Speed Group Transfer Polymerization by Silyl Ketene Acetals without Catalyst. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Ravikumar R. Gowda
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Jianghua He
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Eugene Y.-X. Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
In contrast to the conventional group transfer polymerization (GTP) using a catalyst of either an anionic nucleophile or a transition-metal compound, the organocatalyzed GTP has to a great extent improved the living characteristics of the polymerization from the viewpoints of synthesizing structurally well-defined acrylic polymers and constructing defect-free polymer architectures. In this article, we describe the organocatalyzed GTP from a relatively personal perspective to provide our colleagues with a perspicuous and systematic overview on its recent progress as well as a reply to the curiosity of how excellently the organocatalysts have performed in this field. The stated perspectives of this review mainly cover five aspects, in terms of the assessment of the livingness of the polymerization, limit and scope of applicable monomers, mechanistic studies, control of the polymer structure, and a new GTP methodology involving the use of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane and hydrosilane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yougen Chen
- Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen University, Nanshan District Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, P. R. China. .,Frontier Chemistry Center Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University, N13 W8, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan.
| | - Toyoji Kakuchi
- Frontier Chemistry Center Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University, N13 W8, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan.,Research Center for Polymer Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Changchun University of Science and Technology, Weixing Road 7989, Changchun Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kikuchi S, Chen Y, Kitano K, Sato SI, Satoh T, Kakuchi T. B(C6F5)3-Catalyzed Group Transfer Polymerization of N,N-Disubstituted Acrylamide Using Hydrosilane: Effect of Hydrosilane and Monomer Structures, Polymerization Mechanism, and Synthesis of α-End-Functionalized Polyacrylamides. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yougen Chen
- Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Kodai Kitano
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Sato
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty
of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty
of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toyoji Kakuchi
- Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty
of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
- Research
Center for Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, WeiXing Road 7989, Jilin, 130022, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Beattie RJ, White PS, Templeton JL. Regioselectivity of Addition to the Azavinylidene Ligand in Tp′W(CO)(η2-HC≡CH)(N═CHMe): Electrophilic Addition versus Oxidation and Radical Coupling. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross J. Beattie
- W.R. Kenan Jr. Laboratories,
Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Peter S. White
- W.R. Kenan Jr. Laboratories,
Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Joseph L. Templeton
- W.R. Kenan Jr. Laboratories,
Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xu T, Chen EYX. Silylium dual catalysis in living polymerization of methacrylates via In situ
hydrosilylation of monomer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tieqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; College of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology; No. 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Eugene Y.-X. Chen
- Department of Chemistry; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado 80523-1872
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Miyake GM, Zhang Y, Chen EYX. Polymerizability of Exo
-methylene-lactide toward vinyl addition and ring opening. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Garret M. Miyake
- Department of Chemistry; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado 80523
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado 80523
| | - Eugene Y.-X. Chen
- Department of Chemistry; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado 80523
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen Y, Takada K, Kubota N, Eric OT, Ito T, Isono T, Satoh T, Kakuchi T. Synthesis of end-functionalized poly(methyl methacrylate) by organocatalyzed group transfer polymerization using functional silyl ketene acetals and α-phenylacrylates. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01564a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The α and ω-end-functionalization of PMMA by organocatalyzed GTP was achieved using functional silyl ketene acetals and α-phenylacrylates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yougen Chen
- Frontier Chemistry Center
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Kenji Takada
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Naoya Kubota
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Ofosu-Twum Eric
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Takahiro Ito
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Takuya Isono
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Toyoji Kakuchi
- Frontier Chemistry Center
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kikuchi S, Chen Y, Kitano K, Takada K, Satoh T, Kakuchi T. Organic acids as efficient catalysts for group transfer polymerization of N,N-disubstituted acrylamide with silyl ketene acetal: polymerization mechanism and synthesis of diblock copolymers. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01104c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The GTP of N,N-disubstituted acrylamide using organic acid and silyl ketene acetal was intensively investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-8628
- Japan
| | - Yougen Chen
- Frontier Chemistry Center
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Kodai Kitano
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-8628
- Japan
| | - Kenji Takada
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-8628
- Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-8628
- Japan
| | - Toyoji Kakuchi
- Frontier Chemistry Center
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen Y, Kitano K, Tsuchida S, Kikuchi S, Takada K, Satoh T, Kakuchi T. B(C6F5)3-catalyzed group transfer polymerization of alkyl methacrylates with dimethylphenylsilane through in situ formation of silyl ketene acetal by B(C6F5)3-catalyzed 1,4-hydrosilylation of methacrylate monomer. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00294j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The B(C6F5)3-catalyzed GTP of alkyl methacrylates using hydrosilane has been studied in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yougen Chen
- Frontier Chemistry Center
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Kodai Kitano
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Shinji Tsuchida
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Seiya Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Kenji Takada
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry
| | - Toyoji Kakuchi
- Frontier Chemistry Center
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
He J, Zhang Y, Falivene L, Caporaso L, Cavallo L, Chen EYX. Chain Propagation and Termination Mechanisms for Polymerization of Conjugated Polar Alkenes by [Al]-Based Frustrated Lewis Pairs. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5019389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianghua He
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Laura Falivene
- Physical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Kaust Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via Papa
Paolo Giovanni II, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Lucia Caporaso
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via Papa
Paolo Giovanni II, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- Physical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Kaust Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via Papa
Paolo Giovanni II, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Eugene Y.-X. Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fuchise K, Tsuchida S, Takada K, Chen Y, Satoh T, Kakuchi T. B(C 6F 5) 3-Catalyzed Group Transfer Polymerization of n-Butyl Acrylate with Hydrosilane through In Situ Formation of Initiator by 1,4-Hydrosilylation of n-Butyl Acrylate. ACS Macro Lett 2014; 3:1015-1019. [PMID: 35610785 DOI: 10.1021/mz5004689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The group transfer polymerization (GTP) of n-butyl acrylate (nBA) using hydrosilane (R3SiH) and tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (B(C6F5)3) has been studied, which did not need to use the initiator of a silyl ketene acetal (SKA) as the starting polymerization component. B(C6F5)3 catalyzed the in situ 1,4-hydrosilylation of nBA by R3SiH to generate the corresponding SKA prior to the polymerization of nBA, which was confirmed by the 1H NMR measurement of the model reaction. The formed SKA performed as the initiator for the B(C6F5)3-catalyzed GTP of nBA leading to well-defined polymers with targeted molar masses and low dispersities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keita Fuchise
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, ‡Division of Biotechnology
and Macromolecular Chemistry, and ∥Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Shinji Tsuchida
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, ‡Division of Biotechnology
and Macromolecular Chemistry, and ∥Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Kenji Takada
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, ‡Division of Biotechnology
and Macromolecular Chemistry, and ∥Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yougen Chen
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, ‡Division of Biotechnology
and Macromolecular Chemistry, and ∥Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, ‡Division of Biotechnology
and Macromolecular Chemistry, and ∥Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toyoji Kakuchi
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, ‡Division of Biotechnology
and Macromolecular Chemistry, and ∥Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Takada K, Fuchise K, Kubota N, Ito T, Chen Y, Satoh T, Kakuchi T. Synthesis of α-, ω-, and α,ω-End-Functionalized Poly(n-butyl acrylate)s by Organocatalytic Group Transfer Polymerization Using Functional Initiator and Terminator. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma501106e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Takada
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular
Chemistry, ‡Graduate School
of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, and §Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty
of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Keita Fuchise
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular
Chemistry, ‡Graduate School
of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, and §Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty
of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Naoya Kubota
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular
Chemistry, ‡Graduate School
of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, and §Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty
of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ito
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular
Chemistry, ‡Graduate School
of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, and §Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty
of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yougen Chen
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular
Chemistry, ‡Graduate School
of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, and §Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty
of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular
Chemistry, ‡Graduate School
of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, and §Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty
of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toyoji Kakuchi
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular
Chemistry, ‡Graduate School
of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, and §Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty
of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang Y, Chen EYX. Polymerization of nonfood biomass-derived monomers to sustainable polymers. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2014; 353:185-227. [PMID: 24699900 DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The development of sustainable routes to fine chemicals, liquid fuels, and polymeric materials from natural resources has attracted significant attention from academia, industry, the general public, and governments owing to dwindling fossil resources, surging energy demand, global warming concerns, and other environmental problems. Cellulosic material, such as grasses, trees, corn stover, or wheat straw, is the most abundant nonfood renewable biomass resources on earth. Such annually renewable material can potentially meet our future needs with a low carbon footprint if it can be efficiently converted into fuels, value added chemicals, or polymeric materials. This chapter focuses on various renewable monomers derived directly from cellulose or cellulose platforms and corresponding sustainable polymers or copolymers produced therefrom. Recent advances related to the polymerization processes and the properties of novel biomass-derived polymers are also reviewed and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuetao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, People's Republic of China,
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Müther K, Mohr J, Oestreich M. Silylium Ion Promoted Reduction of Imines with Hydrosilanes. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om4002796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Müther
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115,
10623 Berlin, Germany
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jens Mohr
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115,
10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115,
10623 Berlin, Germany
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
He J, Zhang Y, Chen EYX. Anionic polymerization of biomass-derived furfuryl methacrylate: Controlling polymer tacticity and thermoreversibility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianghua He
- Department of Chemistry; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado 80523-1872
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado 80523-1872
| | - Eugene Y. X. Chen
- Department of Chemistry; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado 80523-1872
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fuchise K, Chen Y, Satoh T, Kakuchi T. Recent progress in organocatalytic group transfer polymerization. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00278k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
27
|
Fevre M, Vignolle J, Heroguez V, Taton D. Tris(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)phosphine (TTMPP) as Potent Organocatalyst for Group Transfer Polymerization of Alkyl (Meth)acrylates. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301412z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maréva Fevre
- Université Bordeaux, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
- CNRS, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Joan Vignolle
- Université Bordeaux, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
- CNRS, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Valérie Heroguez
- Université Bordeaux, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
- CNRS, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Daniel Taton
- Université Bordeaux, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
- CNRS, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Takada K, Fuchise K, Chen Y, Satoh T, Kakuchi T. Controlled polymerization of methyl acrylate for high-molecular-weight polymers by pentafluorophenylbis(triflyl)methane-promoted group transfer polymerization using triisopropylsilyl ketene acetal. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
29
|
Chen Y, Takada K, Fuchise K, Satoh T, Kakuchi T. Synthesis of syndiotactic-rich star-shaped poly(methyl methacrylate) by core-first group transfer polymerization using N
-(trimethylsilyl)bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
30
|
Abstract
Main-group classical and frustrated Lewis pairs (CLPs and FLPs) comprising strong Lewis acids (LAs) and strong Lewis bases (LBs) are highly active for polymerization of conjugated polar alkenes, affording typically high molecular weight polymers with relatively narrow molecular weight distributions. Especially effective systems are the Lewis pairs (LPs) consisting of the strong LA Al(C6F5)3 and strong LBs, such as achiral phosphines and chiral chelating diphosphines, N-heterocyclic carbenes, and phosphazene superbases, for polymerization of methacrylates and acrylamides as well as renewable α-methylene-γ-butyrolactones. Chain initiation involves cooperative addition of LPs to the monomer to generate zwitterionic active species, and chain propagation proceeds via a bimetallic, activated-monomer addition mechanism. Transition metal nucleophile/electrophile pairs comprising neutral metallocene bis(ester enolate)s and strong LAs E(C6F5)3 (E = Al, B) generate two drastically different polymerization systems, depending on the LA. With E = Al, catalyst activation and chain initiating events lead to dually active ion-pairs, thereby effecting ion-pairing polymerization that affords polymers with unique stereo-multiblock microstructures. With E = B, on the other hand, the FLP-induced catalyst activation generates metallacyclic cations paired with the hydridoborate anion [HB(C6F5)3](-); uniquely, such ion-pairs effect catalytic polymerization of conjugated polar alkenes by an H-shuttling mechanism, with the cation catalyzing chain growth and the anion promoting chain transfer by shuttling the hydride between the cation and anion centers through the neutral borane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Y-X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1872, USA,
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tschan MJL, Brulé E, Haquette P, Thomas CM. Synthesis of biodegradable polymers from renewable resources. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py00452f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 360] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
32
|
Zhang Y, Miyake GM, John MG, Falivene L, Caporaso L, Cavallo L, Chen EYX. Lewis pair polymerization by classical and frustrated Lewis pairs: acid, base and monomer scope and polymerization mechanism. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:9119-34. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30427a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
33
|
Chen Y, Fuchise K, Narumi A, Kawaguchi S, Satoh T, Kakuchi T. Core-First Synthesis of Three-, Four-, and Six-Armed Star-Shaped Poly(methyl methacrylate)s by Group Transfer Polymerization Using Phosphazene Base. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma202103d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yougen Chen
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Keita Fuchise
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Atsushi Narumi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Jonan 4-3-16, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan
| | - Seigou Kawaguchi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Jonan 4-3-16, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toyoji Kakuchi
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhang Y, Gustafson LO, Chen EYX. Dinuclear silylium-enolate bifunctional active species: remarkable activity and stereoselectivity toward polymerization of methacrylate and renewable methylene butyrolactone monomers. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:13674-84. [PMID: 21819049 DOI: 10.1021/ja2053573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Novel dinuclear silylium-enolate active species, consisting of an electrophilic silylium catalyst site and a nucleophilic silicon enolate initiating site that are covalently linked as single molecules, and their unique polymerization characteristics and kinetics are reported. Such unimolecular, bifunctional propagating species are conveniently generated from activation of ethyl- and oxo-bridged disilicon enolate (i.e., disilyl ketene acetal, di-SKA) compounds with [Ph(3)C][B(C(6)F(5))(4)]. Both the ethyl- and oxo-bridged dinuclear species are much more active for the polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) than the mononuclear SKA-based active species, exhibiting an approximate rate enhancement by a factor of 12 and 44, respectively. The oxo-bridged silylium-enolate species is considerably more active and controlled than the ethyl-bridged one, with their differences being even more pronounced in polymerizing a renewable monomer, γ-methyl-α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone. The polymerization by the oxo-bridged silylium-enolate active species follows first-order kinetics in both monomer and silylium catalyst concentrations, indicating a unimolecular propagation mechanism which involves an intramolecular delivery of the polymeric enolate nucleophile to the monomer activated by the silylium ion electrophile being placed in proximity in the same catalyst molecule. Highly stereoregular poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), with a syndiotacticity up to 92% rr, can be produced in quantitative yield using the oxo-bridged propagator at low temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuetao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kakuchi T, Chen Y, Kitakado J, Mori K, Fuchise K, Satoh T. Organic Superbase as an Efficient Catalyst for Group Transfer Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma200720p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toyoji Kakuchi
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yougen Chen
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Junsuke Kitakado
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Kota Mori
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Keita Fuchise
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Raynaud J, Liu N, Fèvre M, Gnanou Y, Taton D. No matter the order of monomer addition for the synthesis of well-defined block copolymers by sequential group transfer polymerization using N-heterocyclic carbenes as catalysts. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00077b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
37
|
Raynaud J, Liu N, Gnanou Y, Taton D. Expanding the Scope of Group Transfer Polymerization Using N-Heterocyclic Carbenes as Catalysts: Application to Miscellaneous (Meth)acrylic Monomers and Kinetic Investigations. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma101478p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Raynaud
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607 Pessac cedex, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, IPB-ENSCBP, F-33607 Pessac cedex, France
| | - Na Liu
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607 Pessac cedex, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, IPB-ENSCBP, F-33607 Pessac cedex, France
| | - Yves Gnanou
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607 Pessac cedex, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, IPB-ENSCBP, F-33607 Pessac cedex, France
| | - Daniel Taton
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, F-33607 Pessac cedex, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, IPB-ENSCBP, F-33607 Pessac cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhang Y, Lay F, García-García P, List B, Chen EX. High-Speed Living Polymerization of Polar Vinyl Monomers by Self-Healing Silylium Catalysts. Chemistry 2010; 16:10462-73. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
39
|
Miyake GM, Zhang Y, Chen EYX. Living Polymerization of Naturally Renewable Butyrolactone-Based Vinylidene Monomers by Ambiphilic Silicon Propagators. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma100615t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Garret M. Miyake
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872
| | - Eugene Y.-X. Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhang Y, Chen EYX. Silylium–metallocenium dications derived from hydrosilyl-bridged metallocenes and roles in polymerization of polar and nonpolar vinyl monomers. J Organomet Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
41
|
Kakuchi R, Chiba K, Fuchise K, Sakai R, Satoh T, Kakuchi T. Strong Brønsted Acid as a Highly Efficient Promoter for Group Transfer Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma902006d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Kakuchi
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Kaori Chiba
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Keita Fuchise
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Sakai
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toyoji Kakuchi
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chen EYX. Coordination Polymerization of Polar Vinyl Monomers by Single-Site Metal Catalysts. Chem Rev 2009; 109:5157-214. [DOI: 10.1021/cr9000258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 469] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Y.-X. Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Chen EYX. Transformation of polymerization of polar vinyl monomers by discrete and hybrid metal catalysts. Dalton Trans 2009:8784-93. [DOI: 10.1039/b912640f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|