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Ye Z, Chen N, Zheng Z, Xiong L, Chen D. Preparation of Sulfonated Poly(arylene ether)/SiO2 Composite Membranes with Enhanced Proton Selectivity for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073130. [PMID: 37049891 PMCID: PMC10096068 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) are an important type of vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) separator that play the key role of separating positive and negative electrolytes while transporting protons. In order to lower the vanadium ion permeability and improve the proton selectivity of PEMs for enhancing the Coulombic efficiency of VRFBs, herein, various amounts of nano-sized SiO2 particles were introduced into a previously optimized sulfonated poly(arylene ether) (SPAE) PEMs through the acid-catalyzed sol-gel reaction of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). The successful incorporation of SiO2 was confirmed by FT-IR spectra. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that the SiO2 particles were well distributed in the SPAE membrane. The ion exchange capacity, water uptake, and swelling ratio of the PEMs were decreased with the increasing amount of SiO2, while the mechanical properties and thermal stability were improved significantly. The proton conductivity was reduced gradually from 93.4 to 76.9 mS cm−1 at room temperature as the loading amount of SiO2 was increased from 0 to 16 wt.%; however, the VO2+ permeability was decreased dramatically after the incorporation of SiO2 and reached a minimum value of 2.57 × 10−12 m2 s−1 at 12 wt.% of SiO2. As a result, the H+/VO2+ selectivity achieved a maximum value of 51.82 S min cm−3 for the composite PEM containing 12 wt.% of SiO2. This study demonstrates that the properties of PEMs can be largely tuned by the introduction of SiO2 with low cost for VRFB applications.
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Ko EJ, Lee E, Lee JY, Yu DM, Yoon SJ, Oh KH, Hong YT, So S. Multi-Block Copolymer Membranes Consisting of Sulfonated Poly(p-Phenylene) and Naphthalene Containing Poly(Arylene Ether Ketone) for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071748. [PMID: 37050364 PMCID: PMC10097103 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glassy hydrocarbon-based membranes are being researched as a replacement for perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). Here, naphthalene containing poly(arylene ether ketone) was introduced into the poly(p-phenylene)-based multi-block copolymers through Ni(0)-catalyzed coupling reaction to enhance π-π interactions of the naphthalene units. It is discovered that there is an optimum input ratio of the hydrophilic monomer and NBP oligomer for the multi-block copolymers with high ion exchange capacity (IEC) and polymerization yield. With the optimum input ratio, the naphthalene containing copolymer exhibits good hydrogen gas barrier property, chemical stability, and mechanical toughness, even with its high IEC value over 2.4 meq g−1. The membrane shows 3.6 times higher proton selectivity to hydrogen gas than Nafion 212. The PEMWE single cells using the membrane performed better (5.5 A cm−2) than Nafion 212 (4.75 A cm−2) at 1.9 V and 80 °C. These findings suggest that naphthalene containing copolymer membranes are a promising replacement for PFSA membranes in PEMWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui Jin Ko
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea (J.Y.L.); (D.M.Y.); (S.J.Y.)
| | - Eunju Lee
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea (J.Y.L.); (D.M.Y.); (S.J.Y.)
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Yong Lee
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea (J.Y.L.); (D.M.Y.); (S.J.Y.)
| | - Duk Man Yu
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea (J.Y.L.); (D.M.Y.); (S.J.Y.)
| | - Sang Jun Yoon
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea (J.Y.L.); (D.M.Y.); (S.J.Y.)
| | - Keun-Hwan Oh
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea (J.Y.L.); (D.M.Y.); (S.J.Y.)
- Correspondence: (K.-H.O.); (Y.T.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Young Taik Hong
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea (J.Y.L.); (D.M.Y.); (S.J.Y.)
- Correspondence: (K.-H.O.); (Y.T.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Soonyong So
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea (J.Y.L.); (D.M.Y.); (S.J.Y.)
- Correspondence: (K.-H.O.); (Y.T.H.); (S.S.)
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Kyeong M, Chae JE, Lee SY, Lim TH, Kim M, Lee SS, Song KH, Kim HJ. Development of Poly(Arylene ether Sulfone)-Based blend membranes containing aliphatic moieties for the low-temperature decal transfer method. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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4
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Katcharava Z, Saatkamp T, Muenchinger A, Dumbadze N, Kreuer K, Schuster M, Titvinidze G. Optimized step‐growth polymerization of water‐insoluble, highly sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfone). POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Torben Saatkamp
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research Stuttgart Germany
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Wu I, Park RJ, Ghosh R, Kuo MC, Seifert S, Coughlin EB, Herring AM. Enhancing desalination performance by manipulating block ratios in a polyethylene-based triblock copolymer anion exchange membrane for electrodialysis. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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6
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Wijaya F, Woo S, Lee H, Nugraha AF, Shin D, Bae B. Sulfonated poly(phenylene-co-arylene ether sulfone) multiblock membranes for application in high-performance fuel cells. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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7
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Influence of hydrophobic components tuning of poly (aryl ether sulfone)s ionomers based anion exchange membranes on diffusion dialysis for acid recovery. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Development of a proton exchange membrane based on trifluoromethanesulfonylimide-grafted polybenzimidazole. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00551-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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9
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Neelakandan S, Wang L, Zhang B, Ni J, Hu M, Gao C, Wong WY, Wang L. Branched Polymer Materials as Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications. POLYM REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2021.1964524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sivasubramaniyan Neelakandan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Boping Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiangpeng Ni
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meishao Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunmei Gao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wai-Yeung Wong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnique University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Zhou S, Cai Y, Zhang Q, Zheng J, Li S, Li Y, Zhang S, Ding YH. High flexible ether-free semi-crystalline fuel cell membranes: Molecular-level design, assembly structure and properties. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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11
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Nugraha AF, Kim S, Shin SH, Lee H, Shin D, Bae B. Chemically Durable Poly(phenylene- co-arylene ether) Multiblock Copolymer-Based Anion Exchange Membranes with Different Hydrophobic Moieties for Application in Fuel Cells. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam F. Nugraha
- Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, South Korea
- Renewable Energy Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, South Korea
| | - Songmi Kim
- Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, South Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Shin
- Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, South Korea
| | - Hyejin Lee
- Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, South Korea
| | - Dongwon Shin
- Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, South Korea
| | - Byungchan Bae
- Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, South Korea
- Renewable Energy Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, South Korea
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12
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Peressin N, Adamski M, Holdcroft S. Effect of steric constraints on the physico‐electrochemical properties of sulfonated polyaromatic copolymers. POLYM INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Peressin
- Holdcroft Research Group, Department of Chemistry Simon Fraser University Burnaby Canada
| | - Michael Adamski
- Holdcroft Research Group, Department of Chemistry Simon Fraser University Burnaby Canada
| | - Steven Holdcroft
- Holdcroft Research Group, Department of Chemistry Simon Fraser University Burnaby Canada
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Ameliorated Performance of Sulfonated Poly(Arylene Ether Sulfone) Block Copolymers with Increased Hydrophilic Oligomer Ratio in Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Operating at 80% Relative Humidity. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12091871. [PMID: 32825217 PMCID: PMC7563133 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We designed and synthesized a series of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) (SPES) with different hydrophilic or hydrophobic oligomer ratios using poly-condensation strategy. Afterward, we fabricated the corresponding membranes via a solution-casting approach. We verified the SPES membrane chemical structure using nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and confirmed the resulting oligomer ratio. Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) results revealed that we effectively attained phase separation of the SPES membrane along with an increased hydrophilic oligomer ratio. Thermal stability, glass transition temperature (Tg) and membrane elongation increased with the ratio of hydrophilic oligomers. SPES membranes with higher hydrophilic oligomer ratios exhibited superior water uptake, ion-exchange capacity, contact angle and water sorption, while retaining reasonable swelling degree. The proton conductivity results showed that SPES containing higher amounts of hydrophilic oligomers provided a 74.7 mS cm−1 proton conductivity at 90 °C, which is better than other SPES membranes, but slightly lower than that of Nafion-117 membrane. When integrating SPES membranes with proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) at 60 °C and 80% relative humidity (RH), the PEMFC power density exhibited a similar increment-pattern like proton conductivity pattern.
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14
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Fukushima A, Sakai H, Tokumasu T. Ab initio studies of the effect of the fluorination on deprotonation reaction of the benzene sulfonic acid. J Mol Model 2020; 26:127. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04402-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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15
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Peressin N, Adamski M, Schibli EM, Ye E, Frisken BJ, Holdcroft S. Structure–Property Relationships in Sterically Congested Proton-Conducting Poly(phenylene)s: the Impact of Biphenyl Linearity. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Peressin
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - M. Adamski
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - E. M. Schibli
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - E. Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - B. J. Frisken
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - S. Holdcroft
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
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16
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Yoshida-Hirahara M, Takahashi S, Yoshizawa-Fujita M, Takeoka Y, Rikukawa M. Synthesis and investigation of sulfonated poly( p-phenylene)-based ionomers with precisely controlled ion exchange capacity for use as polymer electrolyte membranes. RSC Adv 2020; 10:12810-12822. [PMID: 35492080 PMCID: PMC9051222 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01816c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To achieve precise control of sulfonated polymer structures, a series of poly(p-phenylene)-based ionomers with well-controlled ion exchange capacities (IECs) were synthesised via a three-step technique: (1) preceding sulfonation of the monomer with a protecting group, (2) nickel(0) catalysed coupling polymerisation, and (3) cleavage of the protecting group of the polymers. 2,2-Dimethylpropyl-4-[4-(2,5-dichlorobenzoyl)phenoxy]benzenesulfonate (NS-DPBP) was synthesised as the preceding sulfonated monomer by treatment with chlorosulfuric acid and neopentyl alcohol. NS-DPBP was readily soluble in various organic solvents and stable during the nickel(0) catalysed coupling reaction. Sulfonated poly(4-phenoxybenzoyl-1,4-phenylene) (S-PPBP) homopolymer and seven types of random copolymers (S-PPBP-co-PPBP) with different IECs were obtained by varying the stoichiometry of NS-DPBP. The IECs and weight average molecular weights (Mws) of ionomers were in the range of 0.41–2.84 meq. g−1 and 143 000–465 000 g mol−1, respectively. The water uptake, proton conductivities, and water diffusion properties of ionomers exhibited a strong IEC dependence. Upon increasing the IEC of S-PPBP-co-PPBPs from 0.86 to 2.40 meq. g−1, the conductivities increased from 6.9 × 10−6 S cm−1 to 1.8 × 10−1 S cm−1 at 90% RH. S-PPBP and S-PPBP-co-PPBP (4 : 1) with IEC values >2.40 meq. g−1 exhibited fast water diffusion (1.6 × 10−11 to 8.0 × 10−10 m2 s−1), and were comparable to commercial perfluorosulfuric acid polymers. When fully hydrated, the maximum power density and the limiting current density of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) prepared with S-PPBP-co-PPBP (4 : 1) were 712 mW cm−2 and 1840 mA cm−2, respectively. Poly(p-phenylene)-based sulfonated polymers with well-controlled IECs were synthesized via a three-step procedure including preceding sulfonation of precursor monomers.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Miru Yoshida-Hirahara
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University 7-1 Kioi-cho Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 102-8554 Japan +81 3 3238 4198 +81 3 3238 4250.,Research and Development Bureau, Saitama University Shimo-Okubo 255 Sakura-ku Saitama-shi 338-8570 Japan
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University 7-1 Kioi-cho Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 102-8554 Japan +81 3 3238 4198 +81 3 3238 4250
| | - Masahiro Yoshizawa-Fujita
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University 7-1 Kioi-cho Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 102-8554 Japan +81 3 3238 4198 +81 3 3238 4250
| | - Yuko Takeoka
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University 7-1 Kioi-cho Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 102-8554 Japan +81 3 3238 4198 +81 3 3238 4250
| | - Masahiro Rikukawa
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University 7-1 Kioi-cho Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 102-8554 Japan +81 3 3238 4198 +81 3 3238 4250
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17
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Zhang X, Li ZW, Chen XL, Chen DY, Zheng YY. Side Chain Engineering of Sulfonated Poly(arylene ether)s for Proton Exchange Membranes. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-020-2371-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Deivanayagam P, Sivasubramanian G, Hariharasubramanian K, Baskar B, Gurusamy Thangavelu SA. Energy material - the role of silicotungstic acid and fly ash in sulfonated poly (ether sulfone) composites for PEMFC applications. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2018.1552080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paradesi Deivanayagam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | | | | | - Baburaj Baskar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, India
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19
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Mesoscale modeling of sulfonated polyimides copolymer membranes: Effect of sequence distributions. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kumari M, Sodaye HS, Bindal RC. Effect of phosphotungstic acid blending on properties of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)-poly(ethylene glycol) crosslinked membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Kumari
- Membrane Development Section, Chemical Engineering Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Trombay Mumbai 400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex; Anushakti Nagar Mumbai 400094 India
| | - Hemant S. Sodaye
- Membrane Development Section, Chemical Engineering Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Trombay Mumbai 400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex; Anushakti Nagar Mumbai 400094 India
| | - Ramesh C. Bindal
- Membrane Development Section, Chemical Engineering Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Trombay Mumbai 400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex; Anushakti Nagar Mumbai 400094 India
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Singh A, Banerjee S. Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Proton Conducting Sulfonated Polytriazoles. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:9620-9629. [PMID: 31459093 PMCID: PMC6644650 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the synthesis and characterization of highly sulfonated polytriazole copolymers (PTSQSH-I to IV) with IECw values ranging from 2.41 to 3.49 mequiv g-1. The copolymers were synthesized by click reaction between equimolar amount of a dialkyne monomer, potassium 2,5-bis(2-propyn-1-yloxy)benzenesulfonate, and a mixture of two different diazide monomers, 4,4-bis[3'-trifluoromethyl-4'(4-azidobenzoxy)benzyl]biphenyl and 4,4'-diazido-2,2'-stilbene disulfonic acid disodium salt. The copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and NMR spectroscopy techniques. The membranes were prepared by dissolving the salt form of the copolymers in dimethyl sulfoxide. The copolymers showed high thermal, mechanical, and oxidative stabilities, and the acidified membranes showed very high proton conductivity (43-173 and 132-304 mS cm-1 at 30 and 80 °C, respectively). Transmission electron microscopy images confirmed the formation of well-phase-separated morphology with interconnected hydrophilic domains (20-150 nm).
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22
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Partially fluorinated poly(arylene ether)s bearing long alkyl sulfonate side chains for stable and highly conductive proton exchange membranes. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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24
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Amari S, Ando S, Yamaguchi T. Novel aromatic proton exchange membranes based on thiazolothiazole units. Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2017.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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25
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Lee KH, Cho DH, Kim YM, Moon SJ, Kim JF, Lee YM. Isomeric influences of naphthalene based sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) membranes for energy generation using reverse electrodialysis and polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Facile tailor-made enhancement in proton conductivity of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) by graphene oxide nanosheet for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell applications. Colloid Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-017-4095-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Shin DW, Guiver MD, Lee YM. Hydrocarbon-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membranes: Importance of Morphology on Ion Transport and Membrane Stability. Chem Rev 2017; 117:4759-4805. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 582] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Won Shin
- Department
of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Fuel
Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael D. Guiver
- Department
of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- State
Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Young Moo Lee
- Department
of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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Pirali-Hamedani M, Mehdipour-Ataei S. Mechanical and morphological studies of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s for potential application in fuel cell membrane. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Synthesis and characterization of multi-block poly(arylene ether sulfone) membranes with highly sulfonated blocks for use in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Hu Z, Tang W, Zhang X, Bi H, Chen S, Geng H, Gao Y, Chen S. Multiblock sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s with fluorenyl hydrophilic moieties for PEMFC applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-016-1070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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31
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Wang B, Hong L, Li Y, Zhao L, Wei Y, Zhao C, Na H. Considerations of the Effects of Naphthalene Moieties on the Design of Proton-Conductive Poly(arylene ether ketone) Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:24079-24088. [PMID: 27557058 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b06983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Novel sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketones) (SDN-PAEK-x), consisting of dual naphthalene and flexible sulfoalkyl groups, were prepared via polycondensation, demethylation, and sulfobutylation grafting reaction. Among them, SDN-PAEK-1.94 membrane with the highest ion exchange capacity (IEC = 2.46 mequiv·g(-1)) exhibited the highest proton conductivity, which was 0.147 S· cm(-1) at 25 °C and 0.271 S·cm(-1) at 80 °C, respectively. The introduction of dual naphthalene moieties is expected to achieve much enhanced properties compared to those of sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketones) (SNPAEK-x), consisting of single naphthalene and flexible sulfoalkyl groups. Compared with SNPAEK-1.60 with a similar IEC, SDN-PAEK-1.74 membrane showed higher proton conductivity, higher IEC normalized conductivity, and higher effective proton mobility, although it had lower analytical acid concentration. The SDN-PAEK-x membranes with IECs higher than 1.96 mequiv·g(-1) also exhibited higher proton conductivity than that of recast Nafion membrane. Furthermore, SDN-PAEK-1.94 displayed a better single cell performance with a maximum power density of 60 mW·cm(-2) at 80 °C. Considering its high proton conductivity, excellent single cell performance, good mechanical stabilities, low membrane swelling, and methanol permeability, SDN-PAEK-x membranes are promising candidates as alternative polymer electrolyte membranes to Nafion for direct methanol fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolong Wang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Hong
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Jilin University , Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxue Wei
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Jilin University , Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengji Zhao
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Na
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Kim JD, Miyatake K. Effect of thermal crosslinking on the properties of sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfone)s as proton conductive membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaojian Zhang
- Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Group, Global Research Center for Environment and Energy Based on Nanomaterials Science (GREEN), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS); 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
- Clean Energy Research Center, University of Yamanashi; 4 Takeda Kofu 400-8510 Japan
| | - Je-Deok Kim
- Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Group, Global Research Center for Environment and Energy Based on Nanomaterials Science (GREEN), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS); 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
- Battery Materials Unit, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS); 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
| | - Kenji Miyatake
- Clean Energy Research Center, University of Yamanashi; 4 Takeda Kofu 400-8510 Japan
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33
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Effect of constrained amorphous region on properties of acid–base polyelectrolyte membranes based on sulphonated poly(ether ether ketone) and a nonconjugated diamine. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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34
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Chen R, Li G. New sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers containing phenyl side chains as proton exchange membranes. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj02533h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The chemical structure and phase images of the SPAES-PQ-40 membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- RiMing Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Guang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University Shanghai
- P. R. China
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35
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Kim B, Kannan R, Nahm KS, Yoo DJ. Development and Characterization of Highly Conducting Nonfluorinated Di and Triblock Copolymers for Polymer Electrolyte Membranes. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2015.1092090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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36
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Wang G, Lee KH, Lee WH, Kang NR, Shin DW, Zhuang Y, Lee YM, Guiver MD. Soluble sulfonated polybenzothiazoles containing naphthalene for use as proton exchange membranes. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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37
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Yamazaki K, Tanaka M, Kawakami H. Preparation and characterization of sulfonated block-graft copolyimide/sulfonated polybenzimidazole blend membranes for fuel cell application. POLYM INT 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kota Yamazaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Tokyo Metropolitan University; Hachioji Tokyo 192-0397 Japan
| | - Manabu Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Tokyo Metropolitan University; Hachioji Tokyo 192-0397 Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Tokyo Metropolitan University; Hachioji Tokyo 192-0397 Japan
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38
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Effect of relative humidity and temperature on gas transport in Matrimid®: Experimental study and modeling. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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39
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Zong L, Liu C, Liu R, Wang J, Jian X. Soluble and thermally stable copoly(phenyl-s-triazine)s containing both diphenylfluorene and phthalazinone units in the backbone. Polym Bull (Berl) 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-014-1216-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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40
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41
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Kins CF, Sengupta E, Kaltbeitzel A, Wagner M, Lieberwirth I, Spiess HW, Hansen MR. Morphological Anisotropy and Proton Conduction in Multiblock Copolyimide Electrolyte Membranes. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma500253s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph F. Kins
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Esha Sengupta
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Anke Kaltbeitzel
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred Wagner
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans Wolfgang Spiess
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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42
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Multiblock poly(arylene ether nitrile) disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers for proton exchange membranes: Part 1 synthesis and characterization. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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43
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Poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE)-based graft-type polymer electrolyte membranes with different ion exchange capacities: Relative humidity dependence for fuel cell applications. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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44
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Mecheri B, Felice V, D'Epifanio A, Tavares AC, Licoccia S. Composite Polymer Electrolytes for Fuel Cell Applications: Filler-Induced Effect on Water Sorption and Transport Properties. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:3814-21. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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45
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Shin DW, Lee SY, Lee CH, Lee KS, Park CH, McGrath JE, Zhang M, Moore RB, Lingwood MD, Madsen LA, Kim YT, Hwang I, Lee YM. Sulfonated Poly(arylene sulfide sulfone nitrile) Multiblock Copolymers with Ordered Morphology for Proton Exchange Membranes. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma400889t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Won Shin
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
- WCU
Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Lee
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
- WCU
Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Lee
- Macromolecules
and Interfaces Institute and Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Kwan-Soo Lee
- Macromolecules
and Interfaces Institute and Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Chi Hoon Park
- WCU
Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - James E. McGrath
- Macromolecules
and Interfaces Institute and Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Mingqiang Zhang
- Macromolecules
and Interfaces Institute and Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Robert B. Moore
- Macromolecules
and Interfaces Institute and Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Mark D. Lingwood
- Macromolecules
and Interfaces Institute and Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Louis A. Madsen
- Macromolecules
and Interfaces Institute and Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Young Taek Kim
- Fuel Cell Team 3, Hyundai-Kia Motor Company, Yongin 446-716, Republic of Korea
| | - Inchul Hwang
- Fuel Cell Team 3, Hyundai-Kia Motor Company, Yongin 446-716, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Moo Lee
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
- WCU
Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
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46
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Shin DW, Lee SY, Kang NR, Lee KH, Guiver MD, Lee YM. Durable Sulfonated Poly(arylene sulfide sulfone nitrile)s Containing Naphthalene Units for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs). Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma400154t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Won Shin
- Department of Chemical Engineering,
College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea 133-791
| | - So Young Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering,
College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea 133-791
| | - Na Rae Kang
- WCU Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea 133-791
| | - Kang Hyuck Lee
- WCU Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea 133-791
| | - Michael D. Guiver
- WCU Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea 133-791
- National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Young Moo Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering,
College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea 133-791
- WCU Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea 133-791
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47
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48
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Liao H, Xiao G, Yan D. High performance proton exchange membranes obtained by adjusting the distribution and content of sulfonic acid side groups. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:3979-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc41200h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Hou H, Di Vona ML, Knauth P. Building bridges: Crosslinking of sulfonated aromatic polymers—A review. J Memb Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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50
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Hara M, Inukai J, Bae B, Hoshi T, Miyatake K, Uchida M, Uchida H, Watanabe M. Micro-Raman study on water distribution inside a Nafion membrane during operation of polymer electrolyte fuel cell. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.04.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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