1
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Tuning charge density in tethered electrolyte active-layer membranes for enhanced ion-ion selectivity. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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2
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Porter CJ, DuChanois RM, MacDonald E, Kilpatrick SM, Zhong M, Elimelech M. Tethered electrolyte active-layer membranes. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Michalek L, Barner L, Barner-Kowollik C. Polymer on Top: Current Limits and Future Perspectives of Quantitatively Evaluating Surface Grafting. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1706321. [PMID: 29512237 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined polymer strands covalently tethered onto solid substrates determine the properties of the resulting functional interface. Herein, the current approaches to determine quantitative grafting densities are assessed. Based on a brief introduction into the key theories describing polymer brush regimes, a user's guide is provided to estimating maximum chain coverage and-importantly-examine the most frequently employed approaches for determining grafting densities, i.e., dry thickness measurements, gravimetric assessment, and swelling experiments. An estimation of the reliability of these determination methods is provided via carefully evaluating their assumptions and assessing the stability of the underpinning equations. A practical access guide for comparatively and quantitatively evaluating the reliability of a given approach is thus provided, enabling the field to critically judge experimentally determined grafting densities and to avoid the reporting of grafting densities that fall outside the physically realistic parameter space. The assessment is concluded with a perspective on the development of advanced approaches for determination of grafting density, in particular, on single-chain methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Michalek
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Leonie Barner
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Institute for Biological Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Korolkovas A, Rodriguez-Emmenegger C, de los Santos Pereira A, Chennevière A, Restagno F, Wolff M, Adlmann FA, Dennison AJC, Gutfreund P. Polymer Brush Collapse under Shear Flow. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Airidas Korolkovas
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, Liphy, 140 Rue de la
Physique, 38402 Saint-Martin-d’Hères, France
| | - Cesar Rodriguez-Emmenegger
- DWI
- Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials and Institute of Technical
and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße
50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andres de los Santos Pereira
- Institute
of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexis Chennevière
- Laboratoire
Léon Brillouin, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Restagno
- Laboratoire
de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
| | - Maximilian Wolff
- Division
for Material Physics, Department for Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box
516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Franz A. Adlmann
- Division
for Material Physics, Department for Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box
516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andrew J. C. Dennison
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Department
of Chemistry, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN Sheffield, U.K
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Zoppe JO, Ataman NC, Mocny P, Wang J, Moraes J, Klok HA. Surface-Initiated Controlled Radical Polymerization: State-of-the-Art, Opportunities, and Challenges in Surface and Interface Engineering with Polymer Brushes. Chem Rev 2017; 117:1105-1318. [PMID: 28135076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 603] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The generation of polymer brushes by surface-initiated controlled radical polymerization (SI-CRP) techniques has become a powerful approach to tailor the chemical and physical properties of interfaces and has given rise to great advances in surface and interface engineering. Polymer brushes are defined as thin polymer films in which the individual polymer chains are tethered by one chain end to a solid interface. Significant advances have been made over the past years in the field of polymer brushes. This includes novel developments in SI-CRP, as well as the emergence of novel applications such as catalysis, electronics, nanomaterial synthesis and biosensing. Additionally, polymer brushes prepared via SI-CRP have been utilized to modify the surface of novel substrates such as natural fibers, polymer nanofibers, mesoporous materials, graphene, viruses and protein nanoparticles. The last years have also seen exciting advances in the chemical and physical characterization of polymer brushes, as well as an ever increasing set of computational and simulation tools that allow understanding and predictions of these surface-grafted polymer architectures. The aim of this contribution is to provide a comprehensive review that critically assesses recent advances in the field and highlights the opportunities and challenges for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin O Zoppe
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nariye Cavusoglu Ataman
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Piotr Mocny
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jian Wang
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John Moraes
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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7
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Sun L, Akgun B, Narayanan S, Jiang Z, Foster MD. Surface Fluctuations of Polymer Brushes Swollen in Good Solvent Vapor. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sun
- Department
of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Bulent Akgun
- NIST
Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Suresh Narayanan
- X-ray
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Zhang Jiang
- X-ray
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Mark D. Foster
- Department
of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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8
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Sun L, Akgun B, Hu R, Browning JF, Wu DT, Foster MD. Scaling Behavior and Segment Concentration Profile of Densely Grafted Polymer Brushes Swollen in Vapor. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:5623-5628. [PMID: 27172089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The scaling of the thickness, hs, of a densely grafted polymer brush of chain length N and grafting density σ swollen in vapor agrees quantitatively with the scaling reported by Kuhl et al. for densely grafted brushes swollen in liquid. Deep in the brush, next to the substrate, the shape of the segment concentration profile is the same whether the brush is swollen by liquid or by vapor. Differences in the segment concentration profile are manifested primarily in the swollen brush interface with the surrounding fluid. The interface of the polymer brush swollen in vapor is much more abrupt than that of the same brush swollen in liquid. This has implications for the compressibility of the swollen brush surface and for fluctuations at that surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sun
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Bulent Akgun
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Bogazici University , Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Renfeng Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines , Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography (ARCNL) , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James F Browning
- Chemical and Engineering Materials Division, Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - David T Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines , Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Mark D Foster
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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Posel Z, Posocco P, Lísal M, Fermeglia M, Pricl S. Highly grafted polystyrene/polyvinylpyridine polymer gold nanoparticles in a good solvent: effects of chain length and composition. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:3600-3611. [PMID: 26980360 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02867a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the structural features of spherical gold nanoparticles (NPs) decorated with highly grafted poly(styrene) (PS), poly(vinylpyridine) (PVP) and PS-PVP diblock copolymer brushes immersed in a good solvent are investigated by means of Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) simulations as a function of grafted chain length and of homopolymer and copolymer chain composition. For NPs grafted either by PS or PVP homopolymer brushes (selected as a proof of concept), good agreement between the Daoud-Cotton theory, experimental evidence, and our DPD simulations is observed in the scaling behavior of single chain properties, especially for longer grafted chains, and in brush thickness prediction. On the other hand, for grafted chain lengths comparable to NP dimensions parabolic-like profiles of the end-monomer distributions are obtained. Furthermore, a region of high concentration of polymer segments is observed in the monomer density distribution for long homopolymers. In the case of copolymer-decorated NPs, the repulsion between PS and PVP blocks is found to substantially influence the radius of gyration and the shape of the end-monomer distribution of the relevant polymer shell. Moreover, for diblock chains, the un-swollen region is observed to be thinner (and, correspondingly, the swollen layer thicker) than that of a NP modified with a homopolymer of the same length. Finally, the lateral segregation of PS and PVP blocks is evidenced by our calculations and a detailed analysis of the corona behavior is reported, thus revealing the key parameters in controlling the surface properties and the response of diblock copolymer modified nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbyšek Posel
- Department of Informatics, Faculty of Science, J. E. Purkinje University, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic and Laboratory of Physics and Chemistry of Aerosols, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Paola Posocco
- Molecular Simulations Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, Department of Engineering and Architecture (DEA), University of Trieste, via Valerio 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy and National Interuniversity Consortium for Material Science and Technology (INSTM), Research Unit MOSE-DEA, University of Trieste, Italy.
| | - Martin Lísal
- Laboratory of Physics and Chemistry of Aerosols, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Prague, Czech Republic and Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, J. E. Purkinje University, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Maurizio Fermeglia
- Molecular Simulations Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, Department of Engineering and Architecture (DEA), University of Trieste, via Valerio 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy and National Interuniversity Consortium for Material Science and Technology (INSTM), Research Unit MOSE-DEA, University of Trieste, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular Simulations Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, Department of Engineering and Architecture (DEA), University of Trieste, via Valerio 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy and National Interuniversity Consortium for Material Science and Technology (INSTM), Research Unit MOSE-DEA, University of Trieste, Italy.
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10
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Khabibullin A, Mastan E, Matyjaszewski K, Zhu S. Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. CONTROLLED RADICAL POLYMERIZATION AT AND FROM SOLID SURFACES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2015_311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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11
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Haque HA, Kakehi S, Hara M, Nagano S, Seki T. High-density liquid-crystalline azobenzene polymer brush attained by surface-initiated ring-opening metathesis polymerization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:7571-7575. [PMID: 23725333 DOI: 10.1021/la4002847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
High-density polynorbornene azobenzene liquid-crystalline brushes are synthesized on quartz substrates by surface-initiated ring-opening metathesis polymerization (SI-ROMP) using Grubbs third-generation catalyst. The grafting process is controlled over the thickness of the brush from a solid-supported substrate in a stoichiometric manner. A highly ordered liquid-crystal arrangement was formed for such brushes as revealed by spectroscopic measurements and grazing angle X-ray diffraction analysis. Marked features of this method in the structure and photoalignment behavior are unveiled by comparison with brushes made by surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Ashraful Haque
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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Mazurowski M, Sondergeld K, Elbert J, Kim CJ, Li J, Frielinghaus H, Gallei M, Stühn B, Rehahn M. Polystyrene Brushes on Fully Deuterated Organic Nanoparticles by Surface-Initiated Nitroxide-Mediated Radical Polymerization. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201200733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Golriz AA, Kaule T, Untch MB, Kolman K, Berger R, Gutmann JS. Redox active polymer brushes with phenothiazine moieties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:2485-2494. [PMID: 23406201 DOI: 10.1021/am302869d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated two different concepts to synthesize redox active polymer brushes using surface initiated atomic transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). This polymerization technique allows the synthesis of well-defined grafted polymer brushes. In the initial step the surface was functionalized with a self-assembling monolayer of the SI-ATRP starter. Then, polymer brushes carrying phenothiazine moieties were grafted from the surface via SI-ATRP. The first concept consists of polymerizing monomers with phenothiazine pendant moieties to directly incorporate the redox functionality as side group in the growing polymer brush. The second concept consists of using grafted activated ester brushes which are functionalized with phenothiazine redox moieties in a successive reaction step. The electrochemical properties of the grafted redox active brushes were examined by cyclic voltammetry. Furthermore, the surface morphology and the chemical composition of the polymer brushes were characterized using scanning force microscopy (SFM), X-ray techniques, and UV/vis spectroscopy. Apart from their redox behavior, the synthesized brushes revealed increased mechanical stability on the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Golriz
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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14
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Elliott IG, Kuhl TL, Faller R. Compression of High Grafting Density Opposing Polymer Brushes Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations in Explicit Solvent. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:4134-41. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3118117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian G. Elliott
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, UC Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Tonya L. Kuhl
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, UC Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Roland Faller
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, UC Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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15
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Mutz M, Holley D, Baskaran D, Mays J, Dadmun M. Impact of nanoparticle size and shape on selective surface segregation in polymer nanocomposites. POLYMER 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Liao WP, Kuhl TL. Steric Forces of Tethered Polymer Chains as a Function of Grafting Density: Studies with a Single Diblock Molecular Weight. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma3009146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Po Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
95616, United States
| | - Tonya L. Kuhl
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
95616, United States
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Rossi G, Elliott IG, Ala-Nissila T, Faller R. Molecular Dynamics Study of a MARTINI Coarse-Grained Polystyrene Brush in Good Solvent: Structure and Dynamics. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma201980k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Rossi
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 11000, FI-00076 AALTO, Finland
| | - Ian G. Elliott
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Tapio Ala-Nissila
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 11000, FI-00076 AALTO, Finland
- Department of Physics, Brown University, P.O. Box 1843, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-1843, United States
| | - Roland Faller
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, California 95616, United States
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18
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Kumar S, Dory YL, Lepage M, Zhao Y. Surface-Grafted Stimuli-Responsive Block Copolymer Brushes for the Thermo-, Photo- and pH-Sensitive Release of Dye Molecules. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma2010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Surjith Kumar
- Département de chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
- Département de médecine nucléaire et de radiobiologie and Centre d’imagerie moléculaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Yves L. Dory
- Département de chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Martin Lepage
- Département de médecine nucléaire et de radiobiologie and Centre d’imagerie moléculaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Yue Zhao
- Département de chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
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Schüwer N, Geue T, Hinestrosa JP, Klok HA. Neutron Reflectivity Study on the Postpolymerization Modification of Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) Brushes. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma201069d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Schüwer
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Geue
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering (LNS), Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Juan Pablo Hinestrosa
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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20
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Elliott IG, Kuhl TL, Faller R. Molecular Simulation Study of the Structure of High Density Polymer Brushes in Good Solvent. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma101252c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian G. Elliott
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, 95616
| | - Tonya L. Kuhl
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, 95616
| | - Roland Faller
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, 95616
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