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Horstmann R, Hecht L, Kloth S, Vogel M. Structural and Dynamical Properties of Liquids in Confinements: A Review of Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:6506-6522. [PMID: 35580166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are a powerful tool for detailed studies of altered properties of liquids in confinement, in particular, of changed structures and dynamics. They allow, on one hand, for perfect control and systematic variation of the geometries and interactions inherent in confinement situations and, on the other hand, for type-selective and position-resolved analyses of a huge variety of structural and dynamical parameters. Here, we review MD simulation studies on various types of liquids and confinements. The main focus is confined aqueous systems, but also ionic liquids and polymer and silica melts are discussed. Results for confinements featuring different interactions, sizes, shapes, and rigidity will be presented. Special attention will be given to situations in which the confined liquid and the confining matrix consist of the same type of particles and, hence, disparate liquid-matrix interactions are absent. Findings for the magnitude and the range of wall effects on molecular positions and orientations and on molecular dynamics, including vibrational motion and structural relaxation, are reviewed. Moreover, their dependence on the parameters of the confinement and their relevance to theoretical approaches to the glass transition are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Horstmann
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lukas Hecht
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kloth
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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Köster R, Vogel M. Slow liquid dynamics near solid surfaces: Insights from site-resolved studies of ionic liquids in silica confinement. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:074501. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0079722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, TU Darmstadt, Germany
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Malyshev MD, Guseva DV, Vasilevskaya VV, Komarov PV. Effect of Nanoparticles Surface Bonding and Aspect Ratio on Mechanical Properties of Highly Cross-Linked Epoxy Nanocomposites: Mesoscopic Simulations. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:6637. [PMID: 34772168 PMCID: PMC8587117 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The paper aims to study the mechanical properties of epoxy resin filled with clay nanoparticles (NPs), depending on their shapes and content on the surface of a modifying agent capable of forming covalent bonds with a polymer. The cylindrical clay nanoparticles with equal volume and different aspects ratios (disks, barrel, and stick) are addressed. The NPs' bonding ratio with the polymer (RGC) is determined by the fraction of reactive groups and conversion time and varies from RGC = 0 (non-bonded nanoparticles) to RGC = 0.65 (more than half of the surface groups are linked with the polymer matrix). The performed simulations show the so-called load-bearing chains (LBCs) of chemically cross-linked monomers and modified nanoparticles to determine the mechanical properties of the simulated composites. The introduction of nanoparticles leads to the breaking of such chains, and the chemical cross-linking of NPs with the polymer matrix restores the LBCs and strengthens the composite. At small values of RGC, the largest value of the elastic modulus is found for systems filled with nanoparticles having the smallest surface area, and at high values of RGC, on the contrary, the systems containing disk-shaped particles with the largest surface area have a larger elastic modulus than the others. All calculations are performed within the framework of a mesoscopic model based on accurate mapping of the atomistic structures of the polymer matrix and nanoparticles into coarse-grained representations, which, if necessary, allow reverse data mapping and quantitative assessment of the state of the filled epoxy resin. On the other hand, the obtained data can be used to design the functional materials with specified mechanical properties based on other practically significant polymer matrices and nanofillers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim D. Malyshev
- Departments of Physical Chemistry and General Physics, Tver State University, Zhelyabova 33, 170100 Tver, Russia;
| | - Daria V. Guseva
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS, Vavilova St. 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | | | - Pavel V. Komarov
- Departments of Physical Chemistry and General Physics, Tver State University, Zhelyabova 33, 170100 Tver, Russia;
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS, Vavilova St. 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
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Mapesa EU, Shahidi N, Kremer F, Doxastakis M, Sangoro J. Interfacial Dynamics in Supported Ultrathin Polymer Films-From the Solid to the Free Interface. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:117-125. [PMID: 33307705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics in ultrathin layers is investigated using nanostructured electrodes to perform broadband dielectric spectroscopy measurements, and by atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. Using poly(vinyl acetate) as the model system and taking advantage of access to the distribution of relaxation times in an extended temperature range above the glass transition temperature, Tg, we demonstrate that while the mean rates of the segmental relaxation remain bulklike down to 12 nm film thickness, modified molecular mobilities arise in the interfacial zones. Combining results from simulations and experiments, we show unambiguously that both the slow relaxations arising from adsorbed polymer segments and the faster modes attributed to segments in the vicinity of the free interface have non-Arrhenius temperature activation. These interfacial regions span thicknesses of ∼1.5 nm each just above the calorimetric Tg independent of molecular weight and film thickness. These deviations at interfaces are relevant for applications of polymers in adhesion, coatings, and polymer nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Urandu Mapesa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, 1512 Middle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Nobahar Shahidi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, 1512 Middle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Friedrich Kremer
- Department of Molecular Physics, Peter Debye Institute of Soft Matter Physics, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr. 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Manolis Doxastakis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, 1512 Middle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Joshua Sangoro
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, 1512 Middle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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Wu C. Glass transition in single poly(ethylene oxide) chain: A molecular dynamics simulation study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaofu Wu
- College of Materials and Environment Engineering; Hunan University of Humanities Science and Technology; Dixing Road 487, Louxing District Loudi Hunan Province 417000 The People's Republic of China
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Solar M, Paul W. Dielectric α-relaxation of 1,4-polybutadiene confined between graphite walls : Molecular dynamics investigations through numerical simulations of polymer molecules relaxation. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2015; 38:123. [PMID: 25967943 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2015-15037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present results of Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations of a chemically realistic model of 1,4-polybutadiene confined by crystalline graphite walls. The simulations cover a large range of temperatures from T ≈ 2T g to T ≈ 1.15T g, where relevant time scales are accessible using such computational methods. We investigate the dielectric relaxation close to the walls in comparison to the one in the center of the film, and study the latter as a function of the film thickness from the walls. The segmental dynamics in the film is slowed down close to the walls, in comparison to the bulk. In addition to the α-process, the relaxation exhibits an additional long time decay, the so-called wall desorption process. We focus here on the α-process and find no significant shift of the dielectric T g as a function of layer thickness, in agreement with recent dielectric experiments. These findings can be correlated with the importance of the dihedral dynamics for all relaxation processes in polymers, which is unaltered except for the first nanometer next to the walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Solar
- Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22-CNRS), University of Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, F-67034, Strasbourg, France,
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Kritikos G. Transition of the bounded polymer layer to a rigid amorphous phase: A computational and DSC study. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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In-situ Observation of the Growth of Fibrous and Dendritic Crystals in Quasi-2-dimensional Poly(ethylene oxide) Ultrathin Films. Chin J Chem Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1004-9541(14)60046-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Pandey YN, Brayton A, Burkhart C, Papakonstantopoulos GJ, Doxastakis M. Multiscale modeling of polyisoprene on graphite. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:054908. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4863918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Gao Y, Liu J, Zhang L, Cao D. Existence of a Glassy Layer in the Polymer-Nanosheet Interface: Evidence from Molecular Dynamics. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.201300127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China
| | - Dapeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China
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Henritzi P, Bormuth A, Vogel M. Interpretation of 1H and 2H spin-lattice relaxation dispersions: insights from molecular dynamics simulations of polymer melts. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2013; 54:32-40. [PMID: 23830720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that molecular dynamics simulations are a versatile tool to ascertain the interpretation of spin-lattice relaxation data. For (1)H, our simulation approach allows us to separate and to compare intra- and inter-molecular contributions to spin-lattice relaxation dispersions. Dealing with the important example of polymer melts, we show that the intramolecular parts of (1)H spectral densities and correlation functions are governed by rotational motion, while their inter-molecular counterparts provide access to translational motion, in particular, to mean-squared displacements and self-diffusion coefficients. Exploiting that the full microscopic information is available from molecular dynamics simulations, we determine the range of validity of experimental approaches, which often assume Gaussian dynamics, and we provide guidelines for the determination of free parameters required in experimental analyses. For (2)H, we examine the traditional methodology to extract correlation times of complex dynamics from relaxation data. Furthermore, based on knowledge from our computational study, it is shown that measurement of (2)H spin-lattice relaxation dispersions allows one to disentangle the intra- and inter-molecular contributions to the corresponding (1)H data in experimental work. Altogether, our simulation results yield a solid basis for future (1)H and (2)H spin-lattice relaxation analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Henritzi
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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Xu M, Zhang C, Du Z, Mi J. Modified PRISM theory for confined polymers. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:184901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4766199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wang Y, Sun J, Li L. What is the role of the interfacial interaction in the slow relaxation of nanometer-thick polymer melts on a solid surface? LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:6151-6156. [PMID: 22435617 DOI: 10.1021/la3002674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
At the nanoscale and interfaces, the relaxation behavior of polymer melts, which affects the polymer's long-term performance in many important applications, is very different from that in the bulk. The role of polymer-substrate interfacial interaction, which does not have a bulk counterpart, has not been fully understood to date. In this study, the relaxation of nanometer-thick perfluoropolyether melts on a silicon wafer has been investigated by water contact angle measurement. The polymer-substrate interactions have been systematically changed by tailoring the polymer structure to clarify the effect of the interfacial interaction. The experimental results show that (1) when there is attractive interaction at the interface, some polymers are anchored to the substrate and others are free, (2) the attractive interfacial interaction drives the free polymers to relax at the interface, and (3) the relaxation is much slower than in the bulk, which has been attributed to the low mobility of the anchored polymer chains and the motional cooperativity between anchored and free polymer chains in the nanometer-thick films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjin Wang
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 1237 Benedum Hall, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
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Tailored polymer-based nanorods and nanotubes by "template synthesis": From preparation to applications. POLYMER 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ndoro TVM, Böhm MC, Müller-Plathe F. Interface and Interphase Dynamics of Polystyrene Chains near Grafted and Ungrafted Silica Nanoparticles. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma2020613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tinashe V. M. Ndoro
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie and Center of Smart Interfaces, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstraße 20, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael C. Böhm
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie and Center of Smart Interfaces, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstraße 20, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Florian Müller-Plathe
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie and Center of Smart Interfaces, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstraße 20, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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Lin PH, Kohale SC, Khare R. Effect of Nanoconfinement on Kinetics of Cross-Linking Reactions: A Molecular Simulation Study. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:12348-55. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2038398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-3121, United States
| | - Swapnil C. Kohale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-3121, United States
| | - Rajesh Khare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-3121, United States
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