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Mohandas Moolayil S, Da Costa A, Tahon JF, Bouad V, Hamieh A, Ponchel F, Ladmiral V, Rémiens D, Lefebvre JM, Desfeux R, Barrau S, Ferri A. New Insight into Nanoscale Identification of the Polar Axis Direction in Organic Ferroelectric Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37878996 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-co-TrFE)] thin films have been deposited by spin-coating onto the Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3(BNT)/LNO/SiO2/Si heterostructure. The copolymer microstructure investigated by using grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray diffraction (GIWAXD) and deduced from the (200)/(110) reflections demonstrates that the b-axis in the P(VDF-co-TrFE) orthorhombic unit cell is either in the plane or out of the plane, depending on the face-on or on the two types of edge-on (called I and II) lamellar structures locally identified by atomic force microscopy (AFM). For edge-on I lamellae regions, the electroactivity (dzzeff ∼ -50.3 pm/V) is found to be twice as high as that measured for both edge-on II or face-on crystalline domains, as probed by piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). This result is directly correlated to the direction of the ferroelectric polarization vector in the P(VDF-co-TrFE) orthorhombic cell: larger nanoscale piezoactivity is related to the b-axis which lies along the normal to the substrate plane in the case of the edge-on I domains. Here, the ability to thoroughly gain access to the as-grown polar axis direction within the edge-on crystal lamellae of the ferroelectric organic layers is evidenced by combining the nanometric resolution of the PFM technique with a statistical approach based on its spectroscopic tool. By the gathering of information at the nanoscale, two orientations for the polar b-axis are identified in edge-on lamellar structures. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the structure-property relationships in P(VDF-co-TrFE) films, which is a key issue for the design of future advanced organic electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajmohan Mohandas Moolayil
- Univ. Artois, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Lille, UMR 8181, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS), F-62300 Lens, France
| | - Antonio Da Costa
- Univ. Artois, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Lille, UMR 8181, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS), F-62300 Lens, France
| | - Jean-François Tahon
- Univ. Lille, Sciences et Technologies, CNRS, Centrale Lille, INRA, UMR 8207, Unité Matériaux Et Transformations (UMET), F-59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
| | - Vincent Bouad
- Univ. Lille, Sciences et Technologies, CNRS, Centrale Lille, INRA, UMR 8207, Unité Matériaux Et Transformations (UMET), F-59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34296 Montpellier, France
| | - Arthur Hamieh
- Univ. Lille, Sciences et Technologies, CNRS, Centrale Lille, INRA, UMR 8207, Unité Matériaux Et Transformations (UMET), F-59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
- Département Opto-Acousto-Electronique (IEMN-DOAE), Site de Valenciennes - UPHF, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), CNRS, UMR 8520, Institut d'Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, F-59300 Valenciennes, France
| | - Freddy Ponchel
- Département Opto-Acousto-Electronique (IEMN-DOAE), Site de Valenciennes - UPHF, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), CNRS, UMR 8520, Institut d'Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, F-59300 Valenciennes, France
| | | | - Denis Rémiens
- Département Opto-Acousto-Electronique (IEMN-DOAE), Site de Valenciennes - UPHF, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), CNRS, UMR 8520, Institut d'Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, F-59300 Valenciennes, France
| | - Jean-Marc Lefebvre
- Univ. Lille, Sciences et Technologies, CNRS, Centrale Lille, INRA, UMR 8207, Unité Matériaux Et Transformations (UMET), F-59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
| | - Rachel Desfeux
- Univ. Artois, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Lille, UMR 8181, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS), F-62300 Lens, France
| | - Sophie Barrau
- Univ. Lille, Sciences et Technologies, CNRS, Centrale Lille, INRA, UMR 8207, Unité Matériaux Et Transformations (UMET), F-59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
| | - Anthony Ferri
- Univ. Artois, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Lille, UMR 8181, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS), F-62300 Lens, France
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García-Gutiérrez MC, Linares A, Martín-Fabiani I, Hernández JJ, Soccio M, Rueda DR, Ezquerra TA, Reynolds M. Understanding crystallization features of P(VDF-TrFE) copolymers under confinement to optimize ferroelectricity in nanostructures. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:6006-6012. [PMID: 23712559 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr00516j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The successful development of ferroelectric polymer devices depends on the effective fabrication of polar ferroelectric crystalline nanostructures. We demonstrate, by scanning X-ray microdiffraction using synchrotron light, the heterogeneous character of high aspect ratio one-dimensional nanoarrays of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) copolymers supported by a residual polymer film. They were prepared by melt and solution template wetting, using porous anodic aluminum oxide as a template. The spatial evolution of different polymorphs from the mixture of paraelectric and ferroelectric crystal forms (residual film) to the pure ferroelectric form (nanoarray) is evidenced for the samples prepared by solution wetting. However, for samples prepared by melt wetting the ferroelectric phase is exclusively obtained in both the residual film and nanoarray. The crystal nuclei formed in the polymer film connected to the nanoarray play a key role in determining the formation of a crystallinity distribution gradient, where the crystallinity decreases along the first 5-10 microns in the nanorods reaching a steady value afterwards. The minimum decrease in crystallinity is revealed for samples prepared by melt wetting. The results reported in this work endeavour to enhance the understanding of crystallization under confinement for ferroelectric copolymers and reveal the parameters for improving the ferroelectric character of polymer nanostructures.
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Lutkenhaus JL, McEnnis K, Serghei A, Russell TP. Confinement Effects on Crystallization and Curie Transitions of Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene). Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma100166a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jodie L. Lutkenhaus
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Room 300A, Mason Laboratory, Yale University, 9 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Kathleen McEnnis
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Room A516, Conte Research Center, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Anatoli Serghei
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Room A516, Conte Research Center, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Thomas P. Russell
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Room A516, Conte Research Center, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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