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Nishino M, Kodama T, Yamamura K, Ohkubo Y. Direct adhesion between Cu foil and polytetrafluoroethylene without increasing surface roughness for high-frequency printed wiring boards. RSC Adv 2023; 13:25895-25903. [PMID: 37655358 PMCID: PMC10466178 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03839d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) serves as a suitable dielectric substrate for high-frequency printed wiring boards (PWBs) owing to its excellent properties at high frequency. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has investigated the strong adhesion between PTFE and Cu foil with low surface roughness. Therefore, in this study, pure-PTFE comprising a weak boundary layer (WBL) on the surface and glass-cloth-containing PTFE (GC-PTFE), which did not contain a WBL, were subjected to heat-assisted plasma (HAP) treatment. Thereafter, we investigated the surface chemical bonding state, surface morphology, and adhesion properties of the as-prepared PTFE toward Cu foil with low surface roughness. As observed, oxygen-containing functional groups were generated on the HAP-treated PTFE, and the WBL in the as-received pure-PTFE was eliminated via HAP treatment. Moreover, the surface roughness of the HAP-treated PTFE did not increase compared to that of as-received PTFE. After performing thermal compression under atmospheric conditions, the adhesion strength of both HAP-treated pure-PTFE and GC-PTFE was ∼0.9 N mm-1. In addition, the adhesion strength of Cu/pure-PTFE and Cu/GC-PTFE increased after thermal compression under a reduced pressure, and the adhesion strength of 1 N mm-1 was obtained. Although the Cu foil was not roughened, Cu/PTFE realized strong adhesive strength. The developed method is advantageous because maintaining a low interface roughness is crucial for applying PTFE to manufacture high-frequency PWBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Nishino
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Takumi Kodama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Kazuya Yamamura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Yuji Ohkubo
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
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2
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Cheng Q, Wang D. Dynamic electrostatic assembly of polyelectrolytes and perfluorosurfactants into environmentally Adaptable, freestanding membranes with ultralow surface energy and surface adhesion. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 647:364-374. [PMID: 37267799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Integration of ultralow surface energy and surface functionality on one surface coatings is highly desirable in chemical and biomedical applications. However, it is a fundamental challenge to reduce surface energy without cost of surface functionality and vice versa. To address this challenge, the present work made use of the rapid and reversible change of surface orientation conformations of weak polyelectrolyte multilayers to create ionic, perfluorinated surfaces. EXPERIMENTS Poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) chains and the micelles of sodium perfluorooctanoate (SPFO) were layer-by-layer (LbL) assembled into (SPFO/PAH)n multilayer films, which readily exfoliated to freestanding membranes. The static and dynamic surface wetting behaviors of the resulting membranes were studied by sessile drop technique and their surface charge behaviors in water by electrokinetic analysis. FINDINGS As-prepared (SPFO/PAH)n membranes exhibited ultralow surface energy in air; the lowest surface energy is 2.6 ± 0.5 mJ/m2 for PAH-capped surfaces and 7.0 ± 0.9 mJ/m2 for SPFO-capped surfaces. They readily became positively charged in water, which allowed not only effective adsorption of ionic species for further functionalization with subtle change in surface energy, but effective adhesion onto various solid substrates such as glass, stainless steel, and polytetrafluoroethylene to endorse the wide applicability of (SPFO/PAH)n membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012 Changchun, China
| | - Dayang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012 Changchun, China.
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3
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Nishino M, Okazaki Y, Seto Y, Uehara T, Endo K, Yamamura K, Ohkubo Y. Adhesive-Free Adhesion between Plasma-Treated Glass-Cloth-Containing Polytetrafluoroethylene (GC–PTFE) and Stainless Steel: Comparison between GC–PTFE and Pure PTFE. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030394. [PMID: 35160384 PMCID: PMC8838903 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effect of plasma treatment on glass-cloth-containing polytetrafluoroethylene (GC–PTFE) was investigated. Previous plasma studies investigated pure PTFE (which does not contain glass cloth) but not GC–PTFE. The effect of Ar + H2O plasma treatment on GC–PTFE was investigated. The Ar + H2O plasma-treated GC–PTFE sheets were thermally compressed to stainless steel (SUS304) foils without using adhesive, and the GC–PTFE/SUS304 adhesion strengths were measured using a 90° peel test. The adhesion strength increased with the increase in the plasma treatment time (0.8 and 1.0 N/mm at 20 s and 300 s, respectively). Thus, strong adhesion between GC–PTFE/SUS304 was achieved without adhesive. This improvement in the adhesion properties of GC–PTFE can be attributed to the generation of oxygen-containing functional groups and the decrease in the surface roughness of the samples. Thereafter, the adhesion properties of GC–PTFE and pure PTFE were compared. Because, unlike pure PTFE, GC–PTFE has no weak boundary layer, GC–PTFE exhibited better adhesion properties than pure PTFE under short plasma treatment times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Nishino
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (Y.S.); (K.E.); (K.Y.)
| | - Yuki Okazaki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (Y.S.); (K.E.); (K.Y.)
| | - Yosuke Seto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (Y.S.); (K.E.); (K.Y.)
| | - Tsuyoshi Uehara
- SEKISUI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd., 2-2 Kamichoshi-cho, Kamitoba, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8105, Japan;
| | - Katsuyoshi Endo
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (Y.S.); (K.E.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kazuya Yamamura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (Y.S.); (K.E.); (K.Y.)
| | - Yuji Ohkubo
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (Y.S.); (K.E.); (K.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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4
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Positively charged poly (N-vinyl imidazole) gel-filled loose nanofiltration membranes: Performances and modelling analysis. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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5
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Fang C, Sun J, Zhang B, Sun Y, Zhu L, Matsuyama H. Preparation of positively charged composite nanofiltration membranes by quaternization crosslinking for precise molecular and ionic separations. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 531:168-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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6
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Mori H, Matubayasi N. Resin filling into nano-sized pore on metal surface analyzed by all-atom molecular dynamics simulation over a variety of resin and pore sizes. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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7
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Feng S, Zhong Z, Wang Y, Xing W, Drioli E. Progress and perspectives in PTFE membrane: Preparation, modification, and applications. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Matsumoto T, Nakanishi Y, Hongo C, Hakukawa H, Horiuchi S, Nishino T. Adhesive interphase analyses of isotactic polypropylene and cyanoacrylate with cobalt complex primers. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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9
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Kang W, Ju J, He H, Li F, Tao L, Dong Y, Cheng B. Photocatalytic Degradation Performance of TiO2/PTFE Membrane Catalyst to Methylene Blue. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.160732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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10
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Feng S, Zhong Z, Zhang F, Wang Y, Xing W. Amphiphobic Polytetrafluoroethylene Membranes for Efficient Organic Aerosol Removal. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:8773-8781. [PMID: 27002786 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b11315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane is an extensively used air filter, but its oleophilicity leads to severe fouling of the membrane surface due to organic aerosol deposition. Herein, we report the fabrication of a new amphiphobic 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate (PFDAE)-grafted ZnO@PTFE membrane with enhanced antifouling functionality and high removal efficiency. We use atomic-layer deposition (ALD) to uniformly coat a layer of nanosized ZnO particles onto porous PTFE matrix to increase surface area and then subsequently graft PFDAE with plasma. Consequently, the membrane surface showed both superhydrophobicity and oleophobicity with a water contact angle (WCA) and an oil contact angle (OCA) of 150° and 125°, respectively. The membrane air permeation rate of 513 (m(3) m(-2) h(-1) kPa(-1)) was lower than the pristine membrane rate of 550 (m(3) m(-2) h(-1) kPa(-1)), which indicates the surface modification slightly decreased the membrane air permeation. Significantly, the filtration resistance of this amphiphobic membrane to the oil aerosol system was much lower than the initial one. Moreover, the filter exhibited exceptional organic aerosol removal efficiencies that were greater than 99.5%. These results make the amphiphobic PTFE membranes very promising for organic aerosol-laden air-filtration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Weihong Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009, China
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11
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Kang W, Li F, Zhao Y, Qiao C, Ju J, Cheng B. Fabrication of porous Fe2O3/PTFE nanofiber membranes and their application as a catalyst for dye degradation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra27879a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) nanofiber membranes containing Fe2O3(Fe2O3/PTFE), used as a heterogeneous catalyst, were preparedviaa three-step method by electrospinning, immersion and calcination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Kang
- School of Textile
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin
- P. R. China
| | - Fu Li
- School of Textile
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin
- P. R. China
| | - Yixia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- Tianjin
- P. R. China
| | - Chunmei Qiao
- School of Textile
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin
- P. R. China
| | - Jingge Ju
- School of Textile
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin
- P. R. China
| | - Bowen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- Tianjin
- P. R. China
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12
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Cheng L, Zhang PB, Zhao YF, Zhu LP, Zhu BK, Xu YY. Preparation and characterization of poly (N-vinyl imidazole) gel-filled nanofiltration membranes. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Shi Y, Zheng Z, Agarwal S. A Rare Example of the Formation of Polystyrene-Grafted Aliphatic Polyester in One-Pot by Radical Polymerization. Chemistry 2014; 20:7419-28. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201400238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinfeng Shi
- Universität Bayreuth, Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Macromolecular Chemistry II and Bayreuth Center for Colloids and Interfaces, Universitäts strasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth (Germany), Fax: (+49) 921-553393
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14
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Liang S, Kang Y, Tiraferri A, Giannelis EP, Huang X, Elimelech M. Highly hydrophilic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes via postfabrication grafting of surface-tailored silica nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:6694-703. [PMID: 23796125 DOI: 10.1021/am401462e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has drawn much attention as a predominant ultrafiltration (UF) membrane material due to its outstanding mechanical and physicochemical properties. However, current applications suffer from the low fouling resistance of the PVDF membrane due to the intrinsic hydrophobic property of the membrane. The present study demonstrates a novel approach for the fabrication of a highly hydrophilic PVDF UF membrane via postfabrication tethering of superhydrophilic silica nanoparticles (NPs) to the membrane surface. The pristine PVDF membrane was grafted with poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) by plasma induced graft copolymerization, providing sufficient carboxyl groups as anchor sites for the binding of silica NPs, which were surface-tailored with amine-terminated cationic ligands. The NP binding was achieved through a remarkably simple and effective dip-coating technique in the presence or absence of the N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) cross-linking process. The properties of the membrane prepared from the modification without EDC/NHS cross-linking were comparable to those for the membrane prepared with the EDC/NHS cross-linking. Both modifications almost doubled the surface energy of the functionalized membranes, which significantly improved the wettability of the membrane and converted the membrane surface from hydrophobic to highly hydrophilic. The irreversibly bound layer of superhydrophilic silica NPs endowed the membranes with strong antifouling performance as demonstrated by three sequential fouling filtration runs using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model organic foulant. The results suggest promising applications of the postfabrication surface modification technique in various membrane separation areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
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15
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Jin X, Strueben J, Heepe L, Kovalev A, Mishra YK, Adelung R, Gorb SN, Staubitz A. Joining the un-joinable: adhesion between low surface energy polymers using tetrapodal ZnO linkers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:5676-5680. [PMID: 22927220 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201201780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Tetrapodal ZnO crystals are used for mechanical interlocking of PTFE and cross-linked PDMS, classically non-adhesive polymers. This novel approach is straightforward and easily applicable and leads to a peel strength that is higher than 200 N m(-1) without chemical modification of the surfaces. The shape of these fillers emerged as a crucial aspect of the interlocking mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Institute for Materials Science, Functional Nanomaterials, University of Kiel, Germany
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16
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Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) composite membranes coated with urchin-like polyaniline hiberarchy: Preparation and properties. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 385:211-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Xu Q, Yang Y, Wang X, Wang Z, Jin W, Huang J, Wang Y. Atomic layer deposition of alumina on porous polytetrafluoroethylene membranes for enhanced hydrophilicity and separation performances. J Memb Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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18
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Mostafa AEKB, El-Shteary BA, Ibrahim SM, El-Naggar AA. Absorbent for metal ions and dyestuffs based on modified polyethylene-coated-polypropylene non-woven fabric. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.37710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Ma GQ, Zhai JJ, Liu B, Huang DH, Sheng J. Plasma modification of polypropylene surfaces and grafting copolymerization of styrene onto polypropylene. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-012-1130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Shi Z, Zhou H, Lu Y. Poly(tetrafluoroethylene)@polyaniline/gold composite membranes: Preparation, characterization and application. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Sacarescu L, Simionescu M, Sacarescu G. Synthesis of Polyhydrosilanes-Graft-poly(ethyleneglycol)methyl Ether. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2011.595959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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22
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Liu YL, Han CC, Wei TC, Chang Y. Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization from porous poly(tetrafluoroethylene) membranes using the CF groups as initiators. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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23
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Malvadkar NA, Sekeroglu K, Dressick WJ, Demirel MC. Noncovalent mechanism for the conformal metallization of nanostructured parylene films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:4382-4391. [PMID: 20095592 DOI: 10.1021/la9034529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We describe a rapid, reliable method of preparing nanoporous Ni or Co films using nanostructured poly(chloro-p-xylylene) (nanoPPX) films as templates. The nanoPPX films are vapor deposited onto Si substrates using oblique angle polymerization (OAP), resulting in the formation of an obliquely aligned PPX nanorod array on the substrate. The nanoPPX films are then subjected to noncovalent functionalization using an aromatic ligand (i.e., pyridine) by means of treatment with either an aqueous solution of the ligand or ligand vapor. The results of quartz crystal microbalance and X-ray diffraction studies support a model in which pyridine adsorption is facilitated by the formation of pi-pi interactions with aromatic moieties in the amorphous surface regions of nanoPPX. The physisorbed pyridine in the nanoPPX film can subsequently bind a catalytic Pd(II)-based colloidal seed layer. Continuous, conformal Ni or Co films, characterized by FIB/SEM and AFM, are grown on the Pd(II)-laden nanoPPX films using electroless metallization. Analogous metallization of a conventionally deposited planar PPX film results in noncontinuous or patchy metal deposits. Such behavior is attributed to the sluggish adsorption of pyridine in the planar PPX film, resulting in an approximately 22-fold decrease in the quantity of pyridine adsorbed compared to that in a nanoPPX film. Consequently, the level of Pd(II) bound by pyridine on a planar PPX film is insufficient to catalyze continuous metallization. Results of a statistical two-level factorial design indicate that the morphology of the metal layer formed on a nanoPPX film is profoundly influenced by the ligand adsorption condition (i.e., aqueous ligand vs ligand vapor treatment) and is correlated to the catalytic activity of Co films for the production of hydrogen from sodium borohydride decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan A Malvadkar
- Materials Research Institute and Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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24
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Ibrahim SM. Application of hydrophilic finished of synthetic fabrics coated with CMC/acrylic acid cured by electron beam irradiation in the removal of metal cations from aqueous solutions. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Surface modification of thermally expandable microspheres by grafting poly(glycidyl methacrylate) using ARGET ATRP. Eur Polym J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2009.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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Zhang Q, Zhang S, Chen S, Li P, Qin T, Yuan S. Preparation and characterization of a strong basic anion exchanger by radiation-induced grafting of styrene onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene) fiber. J Colloid Interface Sci 2008; 322:421-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2007] [Revised: 03/12/2008] [Accepted: 03/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Ou B, Li D. Preparation of well-defined polystyrene/silica hybrid nanoparticles by ATRP. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-007-0070-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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28
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Wu D, Zhang T, Wang WC, Zhang L, Jin R. Reflective and conductive surface-silvered polyimide films prepared by surface graft copolymerization and electroless plating. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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29
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Cao Z, Lei J, Zhang W. Structure and adhesion properties of acrylic acid grafted high-density polyethylene powders synthesized by a novel photografting method. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.28305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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30
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Zhang C, Wang K, Hu L, Kong F, Guo L. Improved performance of solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells with p/p-type nanocomposite electrolyte. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2007.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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31
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Tu CY, Liu YL, Luo MT, Lee KR, Lai JY. Effects of Polymer Architecture and Composition on the Adhesion of Poly(tetrafluoroethylene). Chemphyschem 2006; 7:1355-60. [PMID: 16688709 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200500729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Poly(glycidyl methacrylate), PGMA, chains in linear and arborescent structures were incorporated onto surfaces of poly(tetrafluoroethylene), PTFE, films by hydrogen plasma and ozone treatment and atom transfer radical polymerization. The epoxide groups of the PGMA chains were further reacted with acetic acid (AAc), oxalic acid (XAc), allyl amine (AA), and ethylenediamine (EDN) to introduce hydroxyl and amine groups to the surfaces of the PTFE films. Surface characterizations performed by Fourier Transform infrared attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the surface modification and the chemical structure. The PGMA chains in arborescent structures show a high effectiveness for the enhancement of the adhesion of PTFE films. The adhesion of PTFE films was also significantly enhanced by ring-opening reactions of the PGMA epoxide groups with acetic acid and amine compounds. A high value of 9.5 N cm(-1) in the optimum 180 degrees peel strength test was observed with PTFE/copper assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yuan Tu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan University, Chungli, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
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Mirzataheri M, Morshedian J. Electron beam performance in the novel solventless LDPE–NVP surface grafting system. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2005.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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33
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Lei J, Gao J, Jiang L. Structure and adhesion properties of linear low-density polyethylene powders grafted with acrylic acid via ultraviolet light. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.23779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Surface grafting polymerization and modification on poly(tetrafluoroethylene) films by means of ozone treatment. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.05.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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35
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Chen Z, Li J, Cui X, Cheng X, Wang H. Preparation and properties of polytetrafluoroethylene-modified polyacrylate via emulsion polymerization. Colloid Polym Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-005-1364-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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36
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Seo Y, Kim S, Kim H, Kim J. Nonwetting process for achieving surface functionalization of chemically stable poly(tetrafluoroethylene). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:3432-3435. [PMID: 15807584 DOI: 10.1021/la047690v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Using a low-energy Ar+ ion-beam with and without a reactive gas, chemically stable poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) films were modified to have special surface features. The adhesion strength between the PTFE and the copper was significantly improved because of both changes in the surface topography and chemical interactions due to PTFE functionalization (oxidation and amination). The surface modification altered the failure mode from adhesive failure for the unmodified PTFE/Cu interface to cohesive failure for the surface-modified PTFE/Cu layer interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsok Seo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and School of Chemical Engineering, Seoul National University, Shillimdong 56-1, Kwanak-ku, Seoul, Korea 151-744.
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Yu WH, Kang ET, Neoh KG. Controlled grafting of well-defined epoxide polymers on hydrogen-terminated silicon substrates by surface-initiated ATRP at ambient temperature. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:8294-300. [PMID: 15350105 DOI: 10.1021/la036089e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Controlled grafting of well-defined epoxide polymer brushes on the hydrogen-terminated Si(100) substrates (Si-H substrates) was carried out via the surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) at room temperature. Thus, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) polymer brushes were prepared by ATRP from the alpha-bromoester functionalized Si-H surface. Kinetic studies revealed a linear increase in GMA polymer (PGMA) film thickness with reaction time, indicating that chain growth from the surface was a controlled "living" process. The graft polymerization proceeded more rapidly in the dimethylformamide/water (DMF/H(2)O) mixed solvent medium than in DMF, leading to much thicker PGMA growth on the silicon surface in the former medium. The chemical composition of the GMA graft-polymerized silicon (Si-g-PGMA) surfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The fact that the epoxide functional groups of the grafted PGMA were preserved quantitatively was revealed in the reaction with ethylenediamine. The "living" character of the PGMA chain end was further ascertained by the subsequent growth of a poly(pentafluorostyrene) (PFS) block from the Si-g-PGMA surface, using the PGMA brushes as the macroinitiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore
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Ng CM, Oei HP, Wu SY, Zhang MC, Kang ET, Neoh KG. Surface modification of plasma-pretreated high density polyethylene films by graft copolymerization for adhesion improvement with evaporated copper. POLYM ENG SCI 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.11232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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39
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Wang WC, Vora RH, Kang ET, Neoh KG. Electroless plating of copper on fluorinated polyimide films modified by surface graft copolymerization with 1-vinylimidazole and 4-vinylpyridine. POLYM ENG SCI 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.20033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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40
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Irwan GS, Kuroda SI, Kubota H, Kondo T. Effect of mixed solvent consisting of water and organic solvent on photografting of glycidyl methacrylate on polyethylene film. J Appl Polym Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/app.20562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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41
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Zou XP, Kang ET, Neoh KG. Adhesion enhancement of evaporated copper on HDPE surface modified by plasma polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate. POLYM ENG SCI 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.10872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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42
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Yang G, Zhang Y, Lee K, Kang E, Neoh K. Thermal imidization of poly(pyromellitic dianhydride-4,4′-oxydianiline) precursors on fluoropolymers modified by surface graft-copolymerization with glycidyl methacrylate. J Fluor Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1139(02)00238-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Yang G, Kang E, Neoh K. Thermal and electroless deposition of copper on poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) films modified by surface graft copolymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1109/tadvp.2002.805316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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45
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Zou X, Kang E, Neoh K, Cui C, Lim T. Surface modification of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) films by plasma polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate for adhesion enhancement with evaporated copper. POLYMER 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(01)00113-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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46
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Chen Y, E. T. Kang,* and, Neoh KG, Tan KL. Oxidative Graft Polymerization of Aniline on Modified Si(100) Surface. Macromolecules 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0008589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260
| | - E. T. Kang,* and
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260
| | - K. G. Neoh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260
| | - K. L. Tan
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260
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Gao J, Lei J, Su Z, Zhang B, Wang J. Photografting of Maleic Anhydride on Low Density Polyethylene Powder in the Vapor Phase. Polym J 2001. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.33.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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48
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Zou XP, Kang ET, Neoh KG, Zhang Y, Tan KL, Cui CQ, Lim TB. Plasma polymerization and deposition of glycidyl methacrylate on Si(100) surface for adhesion improvement with polyimide. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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49
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Zhang M, Kang E, Neoh K, Tan K. Surface modification of aluminum foil and PTFE film by graft polymerization for adhesion enhancement. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7757(00)00691-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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50
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Lei J, Liao X. Surface graft copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate onto low-density polyethylene film through corona discharge in air. J Appl Polym Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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