1
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Monson KL, Kyllonen KM, Leggitt JL, Edmiston KE, Justus CR, Kavlick MF, Phillip M, Roberts MA, Shegogue CW, Watts GD. Blast Suppression Foam, Aqueous Gel Blocks, and their Effect on Subsequent Analysis of Forensic Evidence. J Forensic Sci 2020; 65:1894-1907. [PMID: 32762120 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In addition to having blast mitigation properties, aqueous foam concentrate AFC-380 blast suppression foam is designed to capture aerosolized chemical, biological, and radioactive particles during render-safe procedures of explosive devices. Exposure to aqueous environments and surfactants may negatively affect forensic evidence found at the scene, but the effects of AFC-380 foam and aqueous gel on the preservation and subsequent analysis of forensic evidence have not previously been investigated. Sebaceous finger and palm prints and DNA samples on paper, cardboard, tape, and various metal and plastic items, along with hairs, carpet and yarn fibers, and inks and documents, were exposed to AFC-380 foam. Similar mock evidence was also exposed to a superabsorbent gel of the type found in aqueous gel blocks used for shrapnel containment. Exposure to foam or aqueous gel was associated with a dilution effect for recovered DNA samples, but quality of the samples was not substantially affected. In contrast, exposure to AFC-380 foam or gel was detrimental to development of latent finger and palm prints on any substrate. Neither the hair nor the fiber samples were affected by exposure to either the foam or gel. Indented writing on the document samples was detrimentally affected by foam or gel exposure, but not inks and toners. The results from this study indicate that most types of forensic evidence recovered after being exposed to aqueous gel or blast suppression foam can be reliably analyzed, but latent finger and palm prints may be adversely affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith L Monson
- FBI Laboratory, Counterterrorism and Forensic Science Research Unit, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA, 22135
| | - Kelsey M Kyllonen
- FBI Laboratory, Counterterrorism and Forensic Science Research Unit, Visiting Scientist Program, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA, 22135
| | - Jeffrey L Leggitt
- FBI Laboratory, Evidence Response Team Unit, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA, 22135
| | - Kelli E Edmiston
- FBI Laboratory, Latent Fingerprint Operations Unit, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA, 22135
| | - Calvin R Justus
- FBI Laboratory, Counterterrorism and Forensic Science Research Unit, Visiting Scientist Program, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA, 22135
| | - Mark F Kavlick
- FBI Laboratory, Counterterrorism and Forensic Science Research Unit, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA, 22135
| | - Maria Phillip
- FBI Laboratory, Latent Fingerprint Operations Unit, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA, 22135
| | - Maria A Roberts
- FBI Laboratory, Latent Fingerprint Support Unit, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA, 22135
| | - Candie W Shegogue
- FBI Laboratory, Trace Evidence Unit, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA, 22135
| | - Gabriel D Watts
- FBI Laboratory, Questioned Documents Unit, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA, 22135
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2
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Electro-optic Kerr effect in the study of mixtures of oppositely charged colloids. The case of polymer-surfactant mixtures in aqueous solutions. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 247:234-257. [PMID: 28552423 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this review I highlight a very sensitive experimental technique for the study of polymer-surfactant complexation: The electro-optic Kerr effect. This review does not intend to be exhaustive in covering the Kerr Effect nor polymer-surfactant systems, instead it aims to call attention to an experimental technique that, even if applied in a qualitative manner, could give very rich and unique information about the structures and aggregation processes occurring in mixtures of oppositely charged colloids. The usefulness of electric birefringence experiments in the study of such systems is illustrated by selected results from literature in hope of stimulating the realization of more birefringence experiments on similar systems. This review is mainly aimed at, but not restricted to, researchers working in polyelectrolyte-surfactant mixtures in aqueous solutions, Kerr effect is a powerful experimental tool that could be used in the study of many systems in diverse areas of colloidal physics.
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3
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Panda M, Kamil M. Polymer-Amphiphile Interactions: An Overview. EURASIAN CHEMICO-TECHNOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.18321/ectj643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between the polymers and amphiphiles in aqueous solutions have generated considerable interest among researchers because of the widespread applications, relatively complex behavior and improved physicochemical properties of the mixtures. Numerous studies on the surfactant-polymer systems have been carried out in recent years and the number of scientific reports has considerably increased. Various applications of polymers in different areas and many works concerning the amphiphiles are being published every year. Usually, the mixed systems containing polymers and amphiphiles show solution properties different from those of individual solutions due to interaction between the components. The present review article mainly focuses on the behaviour of polymers in aqueous solutions, in the absence or presence of amphiphiles, such as surfactants, drugs, etc. It also summarizes effect of the nature of amphiphiles on aggregation properties of polymers in aqueous solution, and interaction of conventional as well as gemini surfactants with polymers.
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4
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Kang H, Pincus PA, Hyeon C, Thirumalai D. Effects of macromolecular crowding on the collapse of biopolymers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:068303. [PMID: 25723249 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.068303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Experiments show that macromolecular crowding modestly reduces the size of intrinsically disordered proteins even at a volume fraction (ϕ) similar to that in the cytosol, whereas DNA undergoes a coil-to-globule transition at very small ϕ. We show using a combination of scaling arguments and simulations that the polymer size R̅(g)(ϕ) depends on x=R̅(g)(0)/D, where D is the ϕ-dependent distance between the crowders. If x≲O(1), there is only a small decrease in R̅(g)(ϕ) as ϕ increases. When x≫O(1), a cooperative coil-to-globule transition is induced. Our theory quantitatively explains a number of experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsuk Kang
- Chemical Physics and Biophysics Program, Institute of Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Philip A Pincus
- Materials and Physics Departments, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | | | - D Thirumalai
- Chemical Physics and Biophysics Program, Institute of Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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5
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One-step preparation of chitosan/sodium dodecyl sulfate-stabilized oil-in-water emulsion of Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. oil extract. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Wang Q, Li HZ, Xie YJ, Li HY, Yang HY. Effect of Potassium Oleate on Rheological Behavior of Cationic Guar in Aqueous Solution with Varying Temperatures. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2012. [DOI: 10.1088/1674-0068/25/04/448-456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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7
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Liu Z, Shang Y, Feng J, Peng C, Liu H, Hu Y. Effect of Hydrophilicity or Hydrophobicity of Polyelectrolyte on the Interaction between Polyelectrolyte and Surfactants: Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:5516-26. [DOI: 10.1021/jp212089d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237,
China
| | - Yazhuo Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237,
China
| | - Jian Feng
- Department of Chemistry
and
Life Science, Chuzhou University, Anhui
239012, China
| | - Changjun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237,
China
| | - Honglai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237,
China
| | - Ying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237,
China
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Franco IE, Lorchat P, Lamps JP, Schmutz M, Schröder A, Catala JM, Combet J, Schosseler F. From chain collapse to new structures: spectroscopic properties of poly(3-thiophene acetic acid) upon binding by alkyl trimethylammonium bromide surfactants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:4815-4828. [PMID: 22332777 DOI: 10.1021/la204862u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The binding of cationic surfactants with varying alkyl chain length to a regiorandom conjugated polyanion, poly(3-thiophene acetic acid) (PTAA), is studied in an aqueous buffer by using absorption and emission spectroscopies, photon correlation spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry, and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. We study the mixed solutions as a function of composition ratio R of surfactant molecules to monomer units molar concentrations, at low polymer concentration and in a very wide composition range (10(-6) < R < 10(2)) below the critical micellar concentration. Upon surfactant binding, the molecularly dispersed chains first collapse progressively and then form new structures as the mixed aggregates get enriched in surfactant. The collapse leads to a strong decrease of the conjugation length and to a blue shift of the absorption spectra by 30 to 50 nm. The new structures are responsible for a new intense emission band at about 600 nm, red-shifted by nearly 130 nm from the initial emission maximum of the polymer (~472 nm). As the surfactant tail becomes shorter, the blue shift of the absorption spectra and the intensity raise of the new emission are delayed to larger composition ratios while their variations become smoother functions of the surfactant concentration. These particular spectroscopic properties of PTAA seem related to its unique combination of a strongly hydrophobic backbone, a large ratio of contour length to persistence length, and an overall good aqueous solubility. Our results show that such features are well suited to design a colorimetric biosensor at small composition ratio, and a fluorescent biomarker at large composition ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Echavarri Franco
- Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS-University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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9
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Wu X, El Ghzaoui A, Li S. Aggregates and hydrogels prepared by self-assembly of amphiphilic copolymers with surfactants. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 374:127-34. [PMID: 22402181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of water-insoluble polylactide/poly(ethylene glycol) (PLA/PEG) block copolymers were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of lactide in the presence of mono- or dihydroxyl PEG, using nontoxic zinc lactate as catalyst. Interactions between the resulting copolymers and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in water were studied by varying SDS fraction and copolymer concentration, using ultraviolet-visible spectrometer. Light transmission results show that all the insoluble copolymers strongly interact with SDS, and the solubility of the copolymers is improved with increasing SDS fraction. Copolymers with triblock structures or higher molar masses present larger variation of solubility as compared to those with diblock structures or lower molar masses. Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering were then employed to examine the microstructure of aggregates in the mixture solutions. Various aggregates such as vesicles, branch-like micelles, spherical micelles, or nanogels were observed, depending on the SDS fraction and copolymer concentration. It is assumed that at low SDS fractions, surfactant molecules attach to PLA segments and make the copolymers more soluble to form various aggregates. At high SDS fractions, junctions composed of SDS aggregates with PLA segments involved inside are formed in the case of triblock copolymers and diblock ones with high molar masses. These junctions lead to cross-linking of copolymer chains to yield a nanogel. Hydrogels can be obtained at high concentrations as confirmed by rheological measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Wu
- Max Mousseron Institute on Biomolecules, UMR CNRS 5247, University Montpellier I, 34060 Montpellier, France
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10
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Lv R, Luan T, Yu F, Zhang H. Rheological and micro-DSC studies on the aqueous mixtures of methylcellulose and ammonium poly(3-thiophene acetic acid). Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Moglianetti M, Webster JRP, Edmondson S, Armes SP, Titmuss S. A neutron reflectivity study of surfactant self-assembly in weak polyelectrolyte brushes at the sapphire-water interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:4489-4496. [PMID: 21413747 DOI: 10.1021/la200211x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) brushes grown by surface-initiated polymerization from a polyanionic macroinitiator adsorbed at the sapphire-water interface have been used as a substrate to study the interaction between the weak polyelectrolyte PDMAEMA and the oppositely charged surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) with neutron reflectivity. At pH 3, multilayered structures are formed in which the interlayer separation (∼40 Å) is comparable to the dimensions of a SDS bilayer or micelle. The number of repeating layers that form depends on brush thickness, ranging from three layers in a relatively thin brush (5 nm dry thickness) to 15 layers in a relatively thick brush (17 nm dry thickness). In the 5 nm brush, addition of 0.01 mM SDS leads to brush deswelling, and the distinct layered structure only forms when the SDS concentration reaches 1 mM, with the brush reswelling slightly at 5 mM SDS. In the thicker (11 and 17 nm) brushes, distinct layered structures form at 0.1 mM SDS, in which the molar SDS/DMAEMA ratio is greater than unity. Exposing the 17 nm brush/SDS complex to 1 M NaNO(3) results in the complete removal of the surfactant and recovery of the bare brush structure. At pH 9, there is significant surfactant uptake by the brush, but no multilayer structures are formed. The brush presents a high concentration of DMAEMA segments that are localized to within 500-1000 Å of the sapphire interface. At pH 9 the high local concentration of hydrocarbon segments in the brush screens the hydrophobic tails of the surfactants from the unfavorable interaction with water, leading to significant surfactant uptake by the brush. At pH 3 the high local concentration of charges inside the brush additionally screens the repulsive interactions between the surfactant headgroups, making surfactant uptake even more favorable, leading to the formation of multilayered surfactant aggregates confined within the brush.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Moglianetti
- Department of Chemistry, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK
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12
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Baulin VA, Johner A, Avalos JB. Aggregation of amphiphilic polymers in the presence of adhesive small colloidal particles. J Chem Phys 2011; 133:174905. [PMID: 21054067 DOI: 10.1063/1.3505146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of amphiphilic polymers with small colloids, capable to reversibly stick onto the chains, is studied. Adhesive small colloids in solution are able to dynamically bind two polymer segments. This association leads to topological changes in the polymer network configurations, such as looping and cross-linking, although the reversible adhesion permits the colloid to slide along the chain backbone. Previous analyses only consider static topologies in the chain network. We show that the sliding degree of freedom ensures the dominance of small loops, over other structures, giving rise to a new perspective in the analysis of the problem. The results are applied to the analysis of the equilibrium between colloidal particles and star polymers, as well as to block copolymer micelles. The results are relevant for the reversible adsorption of silica particles onto hydrophilic polymers, used in the process of formation of mesoporous materials of the type SBA or MCM, cross-linked cyclodextrin molecules threading on the polymers and forming the structures known as polyrotaxanes. Adhesion of colloids on the corona of the latter induce micellization and growth of larger micelles as the number of colloids increase, in agreement with experimental data.
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13
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Shrivastava S, Dey J. Interaction of anionic surfactant with polymeric nanoparticles of similar charge. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 350:220-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Revised: 06/21/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Bell CG, Breward CJ, Howell PD, Penfold J, Thomas RK. A theoretical analysis of the surface tension profiles of strongly interacting polymer–surfactant systems. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 350:486-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2010] [Revised: 07/09/2010] [Accepted: 07/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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Nishimura T, Cho T, Kelley AM, Powell ME, Fossey JS, Bull SD, James TD, Masunaga H, Akiba I, Sakurai K. Synthesis of a Highly Hydrophobic Cationic Lipid and Structural and Thermodynamic Studies for Interaction with DNA. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2010. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20100072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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16
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Bit G, Ali M, Debnath B, Saha SK. Solution Properties of a Polymer-Nonionic Surfactant Mixed System. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/01932690903223971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Dar AA, Garai A, Das AR, Ghosh S. Rheological and Fluorescence Investigation of Interaction between Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide and Methylcellulose in the Presence of Hydrophobic Salts. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:5083-91. [DOI: 10.1021/jp911545j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aijaz Ahmad Dar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006, J&K, India, Polymer Science Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata-700032, India, and Centre for Surface Science, Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Ashesh Garai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006, J&K, India, Polymer Science Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata-700032, India, and Centre for Surface Science, Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Akhil Ranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006, J&K, India, Polymer Science Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata-700032, India, and Centre for Surface Science, Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Soumen Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006, J&K, India, Polymer Science Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata-700032, India, and Centre for Surface Science, Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India
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18
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Bain C, Claesson P, Langevin D, Meszaros R, Nylander T, Stubenrauch C, Titmuss S, von Klitzing R. Complexes of surfactants with oppositely charged polymers at surfaces and in bulk. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 155:32-49. [PMID: 20167304 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2010.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Revised: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Addition of surfactants to aqueous solutions of polyelectrolytes carrying an opposite charge causes the spontaneous formation of complexes in the bulk phase in certain concentration ranges. Under some conditions, compact monodisperse multichain complexes are obtained in the bulk. The size of these complexes depends on the mixing procedure and it can be varied in a controlled way from nanometers up to micrometers. The complexes exhibit microstructures analogous to those of the precipitates formed at higher concentrations. In other cases, however, the bulk complexes are large, soft and polydisperse. In most cases, the dispersions are only kinetically stable and exhibit pronounced non-equilibrium features. Association at air-water interfaces readily occurs, even at very small concentrations. When the surfactant concentration is small, the surface complexes are usually made of a surfactant monolayer to which the polymer binds and adsorbs in a flat-like configuration. However, under some conditions, thicker layers can be found, with bulk complexes sticking to the surface. The association at solid-water interfaces is more complex and depends on the specific interactions between surfactants, polymers and the surface. However, the behaviour can be understood if distinctions between hydrophilic surfaces and hydrophobic surfaces are made. Note that the behaviour at air-water interfaces is closer to that of hydrophobic than that of hydrophilic solid surfaces. The relation between bulk and surface complexation will be discussed in this review. The emphasis will be given to the results obtained by the teams of the EC-funded Marie Curie RTN "SOCON".
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19
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Ishiguro M, Koopal LK. Binding of alkylpyridinium chloride surfactants to sodium polystyrene sulfonate. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2008.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Sachko AV, Zakordonskii VP, Voloshinovskii AS, Golod TY. The mechanism of interaction of polymethacrylic acid with sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate in aqueous solutions. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024409070085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Perico A, Ciferri A. The Supramolecular Association of Polyelectrolytes to Complementary Charged Surfactants and Protein Assemblies. Chemistry 2009; 15:6312-20. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Langevin D. Complexation of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes and surfactants in aqueous solutions. A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2009; 147-148:170-7. [PMID: 18929350 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2008.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2008] [Revised: 08/19/2008] [Accepted: 08/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Addition of surfactants to aqueous solutions of polyelectrolytes causes the spontaneous formation of complexes in a certain range of concentrations. In some conditions, compact monodisperse multichain complexes are obtained (short surfactant chain length and polymer rigid enough). The size of the complexes can be varied in controlled way from nanometers up to micrometers, but depends on the mixing procedure, whereas the shape of the complexes depends on the polymer backbone rigidity. These complexes exhibit microstructures analogue to that of the precipitates formed at higher concentrations. In most cases, however, the complexes are large, soft and polydisperse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Langevin
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, UMR CNRS 8502, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
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23
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Nichifor M, Bastos M, Lopes S, Lopes A. Characterization of Aggregates formed by Hydrophobically Modified Cationic Dextran and Sodium Alkyl Sulfates in Salt-Free Aqueous Solutions. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:15554-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jp802543s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marieta Nichifor
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania, Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica (ITQB/UNL), P-2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal, and CIQ (UP), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Bastos
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania, Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica (ITQB/UNL), P-2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal, and CIQ (UP), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sonia Lopes
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania, Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica (ITQB/UNL), P-2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal, and CIQ (UP), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Antonio Lopes
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania, Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica (ITQB/UNL), P-2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal, and CIQ (UP), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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24
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Antypov D, Elliott JA. Computer simulation study of a single polymer chain in an attractive solvent. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:174901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2991178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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25
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Temperature-induced intermicellization and contraction in aqueous mixtures of sodium dodecyl sulfate and an amphiphilic diblock copolymer. J Colloid Interface Sci 2008; 326:76-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2008] [Revised: 07/18/2008] [Accepted: 07/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro Antypov
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Pembroke St., Cambridge CB2 3QZ, U.K
| | - James A. Elliott
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Pembroke St., Cambridge CB2 3QZ, U.K
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Hershkovits E, Tannenbaum A, Tannenbaum R. Scaling aspects of block co-polymer adsorption on curved surfaces from nonselective solvents. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:5317-26. [PMID: 18399678 DOI: 10.1021/jp7097894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we have developed a geometric-based scaling model that describes the adsorption of diblock copolymer chains from good solvents and theta-solvents onto reactive surfaces of varying curvatures. To evaluate the impact of particle size on the adsorption process, we probed the adsorption of poly(styrene-b-methymethacrylate) (PS-PMMA) diblock copolymers from solvents with different degrees of selectivity on aluminum oxide (Al(2)O(3)) surfaces belonging to particles of different sizes. When the adsorbed PMMA layer is dense enough (in the case of a theta-solvent for the PMMA block), our results show good correlation between the theory and experimental results, pointing to the formation of a PMMA adsorption layer and a brushlike PS layer. Conversely, when adsorption occurs from a nonpreferential solvent, particularly on particles with high curvature, the PMMA adsorption layer at the surface becomes less dense and the grafted PS moiety exhibits a transitional morphology consisting of several layers of increasingly sparsely spaced blobs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Hershkovits
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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28
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Panyukov YV, Nemykh MA, Dobrov EN, Drachev VA. Surfactant-induced amorphous aggregation of tobacco mosaic virus coat protein: a physical methods approach. Macromol Biosci 2008; 8:199-209. [PMID: 17886326 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200700145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The interactions of non-ionic surfactant Triton X-100 and the coat protein of tobacco mosaic virus, which is an established model for both ordered and non-ordered protein aggregation, were studied using turbidimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, isothermal titration calorimetry, and dynamic light scattering. It was found that at the critical aggregation concentration (equal to critical micelle concentration) of 138 x 10(-6) M, Triton X-100 induces partial denaturation of tobacco mosaic virus coat protein molecules followed by protein amorphous aggregation. Protein aggregation has profound ionic strength dependence and proceeds due to hydrophobic sticking of surfactant-protein complexes (start aggregates) with initial radii of 46 nm. It has been suggested that the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate forms mixed micelles with Triton X-100 and therefore reverses protein amorphous aggregation with release of protein molecules from the amorphous aggregates. A stoichiometric ratio of 5 was found for Triton X-100-sodium dodecyl sulfate interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliy V Panyukov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology and Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia.
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29
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XU Y, FENG J, SHANG Y, LIU H. Molecular Dynamics Simulation for the Effect of Chain Length of Spacer and Tail of Cationic Gemini Surfactant on the Complex with Anionic Polyelectrolyte. Chin J Chem Eng 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1004-9541(07)60124-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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30
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Taylor D, Thomas R, Penfold J. Polymer/surfactant interactions at the air/water interface. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2007; 132:69-110. [PMID: 17328859 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2007.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2006] [Revised: 01/23/2007] [Accepted: 01/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The development of neutron reflectometry has transformed the study and understanding of polymer/surfactant mixtures at the air/water interface. A critical assessment of the results from this technique is made by comparing them with the information available from other techniques used to investigate adsorption at this interface. In the last few years, detailed information about the structure and composition of adsorbed layers has been obtained for a wide range of polymer/surfactant mixtures, including neutral polymers and synthetic and naturally occurring polyelectrolytes, with single surfactants or mixtures of surfactants. The use of neutron reflectometry together with surface tensiometry, has allowed the surface behaviour of these mixtures to be related directly to the bulk phase behaviour. We review the broad range of systems that have been studied, from neutral polymers with ionic surfactants to oppositely charged polyelectrolyte/ionic surfactant mixtures. A particular emphasis is placed upon the rich pattern of adsorption behaviour that is seen in oppositely charged polyelectrolyte/surfactant mixtures, much of which had not been reported previously. The strong surface interactions resulting from the electrostatic attractions in these systems have a very pronounced effect on both the surface tension behaviour and on adsorbed layers consisting of polymer/surfactant complexes, often giving rise to significant surface ordering.
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31
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Penfold J, Tucker I, Thomas RK, Taylor DJF, Zhang J, Zhang XL. The impact of electrolyte on the adsorption of sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyethyleneimine complexes at the air-solution interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:3690-8. [PMID: 17295529 DOI: 10.1021/la063017p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The addition of electrolyte (0.1 M NaCl) is shown to have a significant impact upon the surfactant concentration and solution pH dependence of the adsorption of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/polyethyleneimine (PEI) complexes at the air-solution interface. Substantial adsorption is observed over a wide surfactant concentration range (from 10(-6) to 10(-)2 M), and over much of that range of concentrations the adsorption is characterized by the formation of surface multilayers. The surface multilayer formation is most pronounced at high pH and for PEI with a lower molecular weight of 2K, compared to the higher molecular weight of 25K. These results, obtained from a combination of neutron reflectivity and surface tension, highlight the substantial enhancement in surfactant adsorption achieved by the addition of a combination of the polyelectrolyte, PEI, and a simple electrolyte. Furthermore the effect of electrolyte on the pH dependence of the adsorption further highlights the importance of the hydrophobic interaction in surface surfactant/polyelectrolyte complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Penfold
- ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, OXON, OX11 0QX, U.K
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32
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Penfold J, Tucker I, Thomas RK, Taylor DJF, Zhang XL, Bell C, Breward C, Howell P. The interaction between sodium alkyl sulfate surfactants and the oppositely charged polyelectrolyte, polyDMDAAC, at the air-water interface: the role of alkyl chain length and electrolyte and comparison with theoretical predictions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:3128-36. [PMID: 17249706 DOI: 10.1021/la063016x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The effect of alkyl chain length and electrolyte on the adsorption of sodium alkyl sulfate surfactants and the oppositely charged polyelectrolyte, polyDMDAAC, at the air-water interface has been investigated by surface tension and neutron reflectivity. The variations in the patterns of adsorption and surface tension behavior with alkyl chain length and electrolyte are discussed in the context of the competition between the formation of surface active surfactant/polyelectrolyte complexes and polyelectrolyte/surfactant micelle complexes in solution. A theoretical approach based on the law of mass action has been used to predict the surface effects arising from the competition between the formation of polyelectrolyte/surfactant surface and solution complexes and the formation of free surfactant micelles. This relatively straightforward model is shown to reproduce the principal features of the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Penfold
- ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, OXON, U.K
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33
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Xu Y, Feng J, Liu H, Hu Y, Jiang J. Molecular dynamics simulation of polyelectrolyte with oppositely charged monomeric and dimeric surfactants. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/08927020601158679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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34
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Trabelsi S, Langevin D. Co-adsorption of carboxymethyl-cellulose and cationic surfactants at the air-water interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:1248-52. [PMID: 17241040 DOI: 10.1021/la062296d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the interaction between an anionic polyelectrolyte (carboxymethylcellulose) and cationic surfactants (DTAB, TTAB, and CTAB) at the air/water interface, using surface tension, ellipsometry, and Brewster angle microscopy techniques. At low surfactant concentration, a synergistic phenomenon is observed due to the co-adsorption of polyelectrolyte/surfactant complexes at the interface, which decreases the surface tension. When the surfactant critical aggregation concentration (cac) is reached, the adsorption saturates and the thickness of the adsorbed monolayer remains constant until another characteristic surfactant concentration, C0, is reached, at which all the polymer charges are bound to surfactant in bulk. Above C0, the absorbed monolayer becomes much thicker, suggesting adsorption of bulk aggregates, which have become more hydrophobic due to charge neutralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Trabelsi
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris Sud, Bâtiment 510, 91405 Orsay, France
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35
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John Bosco S, Zettl H, Crassous JJ, Ballauff M, Krausch G. Interactions between Methyl Cellulose and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate in Aqueous Solution Studied by Single Molecule Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0616920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. John Bosco
- Physikalische Chemie II, Universität Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany, and Physikalische Chemie I, Universität Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - H. Zettl
- Physikalische Chemie II, Universität Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany, and Physikalische Chemie I, Universität Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - J. J. Crassous
- Physikalische Chemie II, Universität Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany, and Physikalische Chemie I, Universität Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - M. Ballauff
- Physikalische Chemie II, Universität Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany, and Physikalische Chemie I, Universität Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - G. Krausch
- Physikalische Chemie II, Universität Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany, and Physikalische Chemie I, Universität Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
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36
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37
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Huang M, Liu L, Zhang G, Yuan G, Fang Y. Preparation of chitosan derivative with polyethylene glycol side chains for porous structure without specific processing technique. Int J Biol Macromol 2006; 38:191-6. [PMID: 16533520 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2006.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2005] [Revised: 01/25/2006] [Accepted: 02/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The graft copolymer, chitosan-g-polyethylene glycol (PEG), was prepared through graft polymerization of PEG chains to chitosan due to the esterification reaction between PEG and 6-O-succinate-N-phthaloyl-chitosan (PHCSSA). The graft copolymer with porous structure was observed from scanning electron micrographs. It is a potential method to combine chitosan with the hydrophilic synthetic polymers. The graft reaction was carried out in homogeneous system and yielded copolymers with high grafting content. FTIR, NMR, XRD, DSC, spectrofluorophotometer and SEM were detected to characterize the copolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Huang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Lu 96#, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
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38
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Mata J, Patel J, Jain N, Ghosh G, Bahadur P. Interaction of cationic surfactants with carboxymethylcellulose in aqueous media. J Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 297:797-804. [PMID: 16376917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2005] [Revised: 11/04/2005] [Accepted: 11/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have examined the polymer-surfactant interaction in mixed solutions of the cationic surfactants, i.e., dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, tetradecyltriphenylphosphonium bromide, and tetradecylpyridinium bromide and a semiflexible anionic polyelectrolyte carboxymethylcellulose in water and aqueous salt solutions by various techniques: tensiometry, viscosimetry or ion-selective electrode method, and dynamic light scattering. We have investigated the effect of varying surfactant chain length, head group size, counterion, and ionic strength on the critical aggregation concentration (CAC) of mixed polymer surfactant systems and the collapse of the polymer molecule under different solution conditions. The CAC decreases with increasing alkyl chain length. Above a certain surfactant concentration, mixed aggregates start growing until their macroscopic phase separation. The growth is more rapid with greater surfactant tail length and with increasing head group size. This is attributed in both cases to the increasing hydrophobic interaction between polymer and surfactant. Among surfactants with monovalent halide counterions, iodide induces the strongest binding, reflected by the onset of growth of the mixed aggregates at low surfactant concentration. This is perhaps related to the decreasing hydration of the counterion from chloride to iodide. The surfactant concentration at which the viscosity of the solution starts to decrease sharply is smaller than the CAC, and probably reflects polymer chain shrinkage due to noncooperative binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Mata
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat 395007, India.
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39
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Savić R, Azzam T, Eisenberg A, Maysinger D. Assessment of the integrity of poly(caprolactone)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) micelles under biological conditions: a fluorogenic-based approach. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:3570-8. [PMID: 16584228 DOI: 10.1021/la0531998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The integrity of block copolymer micelles is important for their effectiveness and successful delivery of the incorporated drugs. Here we evaluate the integrity of poly(caprolactone)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) micelles in media of varying chemical complexity and in cells by using fluorogenic micelles. Fluorogenic dye fluorescein-5-carbonyl azide diacetate was covalently attached to the micelle-core-forming part of the block copolymer, poly(caprolactone). The fluorescence was not detectable unless the poly(caprolactone)21-b-poly(ethylene oxide)45 micelles were destroyed and the fluorogenic dye was activated by deesterification. The fluorescence of the activated dye from destroyed micelles was easily detectable in various media and in cells. Micelles were stable in simple media such as phosphate-buffered saline but disassembled to varying extents with increasing chemical complexity of the media and addition of serum. The integrity of the internalized micelles within the cells showed a time-dependent decrease but remained largely preserved (80%) after 20 h of incubation with cells. A proof of principle was also demonstrated in vivo in mice. The fluorogenic approach to micelle integrity assessment presented herein should lend itself to other block copolymer micelles and assessments of their integrity in complex biological systems in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslav Savić
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 1Y6
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40
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Zhu DM, Evans RK. Molecular mechanism and thermodynamics study of plasmid DNA and cationic surfactants interactions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:3735-43. [PMID: 16584250 DOI: 10.1021/la052161s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanism and thermodynamics of the interactions between plasmid DNA and cationic surfactants were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), dynamic light scattering, surface tension measurements, and UV spectroscopy. The cationic surfactants studied include benzyldimethyldodecylammonium chloride, benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride. The results indicate a critical aggregation concentration (cac) of a surfactant: above the cac the surfactant forms aggregates with plasmid DNA; below the cac, however, there is no detectable interaction between DNA and surfactant. Surfactants with longer hydrocarbon chains have smaller cac, indicating that hydrophobic interaction plays a key role in DNA-surfactant complexation. Moreover, an increase in ionic strength (I) increases the cac but decreases the critical micellization concentration (cmc). These opposite effects lead to a critical ionic strength (I(c)) at which cac = cmc; when I < I(c), cac < cmc; when I > I(c), DNA does not form complexes with surfactant micelles. In the interaction DNA exhibits a pseudophase property as the cac is a constant over a wide range of DNA concentrations. ITC data showed that the reaction is solely driven by entropy because both deltaH(o) (approximately 2-6 kJ mol(-1)) and deltaS(o) (approximately 70-110 J K(-1) mol(-1)) have positive values. In the complex, the molar ratio of DNA phosphate to surfactant is in the range of 0.63-1.05. The reaction forms sub-micrometer-sized primary particles; those aggregate at high surfactant concentrations. Taken together, the results led to an inference that there is no interaction between surfactant monomers and DNA molecules and demonstrated that DNA-cationic surfactant interactions are mediated by the hydrophobic interactions of surfactant molecules and counterion binding of DNA phosphates to the cationic surfactant aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Min Zhu
- Biologics and Vaccines, Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA.
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41
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Bu H, Kjøniksen AL, Knudsen KD, Nyström B. Effects of surfactant and temperature on rheological and structural properties of semidilute aqueous solutions of unmodified and hydrophobically modified alginate. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:10923-30. [PMID: 16285755 DOI: 10.1021/la051187g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic and structural perturbations that result from the interactions between the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and the hydrophobically modified biopolymer alginate (HM-alginate) have been studied with the aid of rheological methods, turbidimetry, and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The rheological results for a semidilute HM-alginate solution in the presence of SDS disclose strong interactions between HM-alginate and SDS at a low level of surfactant addition, and this feature is accompanied by enhanced turbidity. At higher surfactant concentrations the association complexes are disrupted. A strong temperature effect of the viscosity is observed in HM-alginate solutions at moderate SDS concentrations, where an elevated temperature leads to enhanced chain mobility, which promotes a breakup of the association complexes. The SANS results reveal a pronounced peak in the plot of scattered intensity versus wavevector q at intermediate q values for SDS concentrations above the critical micelle concentration (cmc). With contrast-matching conditions, using deuterated SDS instead of SDS, no interaction peak appears but an "upturn" in the scattered intensity is observed at small q value. The magnitude of this effect decreases with increasing surfactant concentration, showing clearly that SDS is capable of breaking up the large aggregates created.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaitian Bu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1033, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
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42
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Nishio T, Shimizu T. Model analysis of surfactant–polymer interaction as cooperative ligand binding to linear lattice. Biophys Chem 2005; 117:19-25. [PMID: 15907362 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2005.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2005] [Accepted: 03/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An improved model of the cooperative binding of monomeric ligands to a linear lattice is proposed for the analysis of surfactant association on the polymer. The interaction between bound ligands across an unoccupied site as well as the steric hindrance effect in consecutive bindings is taken into account here. Typical results of the model calculations are represented, and several least squares fittings of the binding isotherms of the ionic surfactant-polyelectrolyte systems are attempted. The characteristic binding behavior in those systems is interpretable by the feasible model of the interactions between surfactant molecules. The advantages and limitations of the analysis using this model also are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuhiro Nishio
- Department of Physics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan.
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43
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Tomasić V, Tomasić A, Smit I, Filipović-Vinceković N. Interactions in mixed cationic surfactants and dextran sulfate aqueous solutions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2005; 285:342-50. [PMID: 15797432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2004] [Accepted: 11/29/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between a hydrophilic anionic polysaccharide, dextran sulfate, and oppositely charged surfactants, n-alkylammonium chlorides (the number of carbon atoms per chain being 10, 12, and 14), were investigated by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, microelectrophoretic mobility, conductivity, surface tension, and light-scattering measurements at 303 K. The increase of surfactant alkyl chain length shifts both the critical aggregation (cac) and the critical micelle concentrations (cmc) toward lower surfactant concentration. Light-scattering and microelectrophoretic data revealed the coexistence of differently structured complexes beyond the cac. The presence of giant vesicles indicates that at least one type of species is ordered in bilayers. X-ray analysis of dry n-alkylammonium dextran sulfates exhibited mesomorphous ordering and interplanar spacings typical for lamellar structures; i.e., n-alkylammonium molecules form more or less disordered bilayers interconnected with dextran sulfate chains, thus forming multilamellar stacks. The average basic lamellar thickness increased linearly with the increase of surfactant chain length, whereas the average number of lamellar bilayers in the stack of lamellae decreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Tomasić
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ruder Bosković Institute, P.O. Box 180, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia.
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44
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Vinceković M, Bujan M, Šmit I, Filipović-Vinceković N. Phase behavior in mixtures of cationic surfactant and anionic polyelectrolytes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2004.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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45
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Naves AF, Petri DF. The effect of molecular weight and degree of substitution on the interactions between carboxymethyl cellulose and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2004.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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46
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von Ferber C, Löwen H. Polyelectrolyte–surfactant complex: phases of self-assembled structures. Faraday Discuss 2005; 128:389-405. [PMID: 15658786 DOI: 10.1039/b404677c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We study the structure of complexes formed between ionic surfactants (SF) and a single oppositely charged polyelectrolyte (PE) chain. For our computer simulation we use the "primitive" electrolyte model: while the polyelectrolyte is modeled by a tethered chain of charged hard sphere beads, the surfactant molecules consist of a single charged head bead tethered to a tail of tethered hard spheres. A hydrophobic attraction between the tail beads is introduced by assuming a Lennard-Jones potential outside the hard-sphere diameter. As a function of the strengths of both the electrostatic and the hydrophobic interactions, we find the following scenario: switching on and increasing the electrostatic forces first leads to a stretching of the PE and then by condensation of SF to the formation of a complex. For vanishing hydrophobic forces this complex has the architecture of a molecular bottle-brush cylindrically centered around the stretched PE molecule. Upon increasing the hydrophobic attraction between the SF tails, a transition occurs inverting this structure to a spherical micelle with a neutral core of SF tails and a charged corona of SF heads with the PE molecule wrapped around. At intermediate hydrophobicity there is a competition between the two structures indicated by a non-monotonic dependence of the shape as function of the Coulomb strength, favoring the cylindrical shape for weak and the spherical micellar complex for strong interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C von Ferber
- Theoretical Polymer Physics, Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany.
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47
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Jain N, Trabelsi S, Guillot S, McLoughlin D, Langevin D, Letellier P, Turmine M. Critical aggregation concentration in mixed solutions of anionic polyelectrolytes and cationic surfactants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:8496-8503. [PMID: 15379466 DOI: 10.1021/la0489918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have examined the polymer/surfactant interaction in mixed aqueous solutions of cationic surfactants and anionic polyelectrolytes combining various techniques: tensiometry, potentiometry with surfactant-selective electrodes, and viscosimetry. We have investigated the role of varying polymer charge density, polymer concentration, surfactant chain length, polymer backbone rigidity, and molecular weight on the critical aggregation concentration (Cac) of mixed polymer/surfactant systems. The Cac of these systems, estimated from tensiometry and potentiometry, is found to be in close agreement. Different Cac variations with polymer charge density and surfactant chain length were observed with polymers having persistence lengths either smaller or larger than surfactant micelle size, which might reflect a different type of molecular organization in the polymer/surfactant complexes. The surfactant concentration at which the viscosity starts to decrease sharply is different from the Cac and probably reflects the polymer chain shrinkage due to surfactant binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmesh Jain
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, UMR 8502, Université Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 510, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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48
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Zhou S, Xu C, Wang J, Golas P, Batteas J, Kreeger L. Phase behavior of cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose-sodium dodecyl sulfate mixtures: effects of molecular weight and ethylene oxide side chain length of polymers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:8482-8489. [PMID: 15379464 DOI: 10.1021/la049142n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Novel cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) polymers with different molecular weights (1.1 x 10(5) to 1.7 x 10(6) g/mol) and ethylene oxide (EO) side chain lengths (1.5-2.9 EO units) were mixed with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in aqueous solutions. The phase diagrams of cationic HEC-SDS complexes were determined in the dilute polymer concentration regime (< 0.5 wt %) with gradual addition of SDS molecules. The viscosity and structures of the complexes during the phase evolution were studied using rheometry and dynamic light scattering. The gradual addition of SDS first induced interchain associations with the bound SDS aggregates serving as cross-linkers to form an open network structure, producing a very broad size distribution and high viscosities of the complex solutions, and then condensed the network and induced a structure reorganization, resulting in globular aggregates with narrow size distributions. The growth of these globular aggregates in size eventually led to macroscopic sedimentation near charge neutralization. Further addition of SDS randomly broke the sedimentary aggregates into small particles and SDS micelles with low solution viscosities. The effects of molecular weight and EO side chain length of polymers on the phase boundary, viscosity, and structure of cationic HEC-SDS complexes were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiqin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, The City University of New York, 2800 Victory Boulevard, 10314, USA.
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Liu J, Hoffmann H. Hydrogels in aqueous phases of polyvinylalcohol (PVA), surfactants and clay minerals. Colloid Polym Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-004-1081-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Leonard MJ, Strey HH. Phase Diagrams of Stoichiometric Polyelectrolyte−Surfactant Complexes. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma034352c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Leonard
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Box 34530, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Helmut H. Strey
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Box 34530, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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