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Sarkar P, Wu C, Yang Z, Tang CY. Empowering ultrathin polyamide membranes at the water-energy nexus: strategies, limitations, and future perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:4374-4399. [PMID: 38529541 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00803g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Membrane-based separation is one of the most energy-efficient methods to meet the growing need for a significant amount of fresh water. It is also well-known for its applications in water treatment, desalination, solvent recycling, and environmental remediation. Most typical membranes used for separation-based applications are thin-film composite membranes created using polymers, featuring a top selective layer generated by employing the interfacial polymerization technique at an aqueous-organic interface. In the last decade, various manufacturing techniques have been developed in order to create high-specification membranes. Among them, the creation of ultrathin polyamide membranes has shown enormous potential for achieving a significant increase in the water permeation rate, translating into major energy savings in various applications. However, this great potential of ultrathin membranes is greatly hindered by undesired transport phenomena such as the geometry-induced "funnel effect" arising from the substrate membrane, severely limiting the actual permeation rate. As a result, the separation capability of ultrathin membranes is still not fully unleashed or understood, and a critical assessment of their limitations and potential solutions for future studies is still lacking. Here, we provide a summary of the latest developments in the design of ultrathin polyamide membranes, which have been achieved by controlling the interfacial polymerization process and utilizing a number of novel manufacturing processes for ionic and molecular separations. Next, an overview of the in-depth assessment of their limitations resulting from the substrate membrane, along with potential solutions and future perspectives will be covered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulak Sarkar
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Chenyue Wu
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Zhe Yang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Dow Centre for Sustainable Engineering Innovation, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Chuyang Y Tang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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2
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Zhou S, Long L, Yang Z, So SL, Gan B, Guo H, Feng SP, Tang CY. Unveiling the Growth of Polyamide Nanofilms at Water/Organic Free Interfaces: Toward Enhanced Water/Salt Selectivity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:10279-10288. [PMID: 35802136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The permeance and selectivity of a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane are governed by its ultrathin polyamide film, yet the growth of this critical film during interfacial polymerization (IP) has not been fully understood. This study investigates the evolution of a polyamide nanofilm at the aqueous/organic interface over time. Despite its thickness remaining largely constant (∼15 nm) for the IP reaction time ranging from 0.5 to 60 min, the density of the polyamide nanofilm increased from 1.25 to 1.36 g cm-3 due to the continued reaction between diffused m-phenylenediamine and dangling acyl chloride groups within the formed polyamide film. This continued growth of the polyamide nanofilm led to a simultaneous increase in its crosslinking degree (from 50.1 to 94.3%) and the healing of nanosized defects, resulting in a greatly enhanced rejection of 99.2% for NaCl without sacrificing water permeance. Using humic acid as a molecular probe for sealing membrane defects, the relative contributions of the increased crosslinking and reduced defects toward better membrane selectivity were resolved, which supports our conceptual model involving both enhanced size exclusion and healed defects. The fundamental insights into the growth mechanisms and the structure-property relationship of the polyamide nanofilm provide crucial guidance for the further development and optimization of high-performance RO membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghua Zhou
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Li Long
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Sik Lui So
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Bowen Gan
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Shien-Ping Feng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Chuyang Y Tang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
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4
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Zhu L, Huang H, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Hadjichristidis N. Organocatalytic Synthesis of Polysulfonamides with Well-Defined Linear and Brush Architectures from a Designed/Synthesized Bis( N-sulfonyl aziridine). Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Huishan Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - Nikos Hadjichristidis
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Catalysis Center, Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Elsaidi SK, Ostwal M, Zhu L, Sekizkardes A, Mohamed MH, Gipple M, McCutcheon JR, Hopkinson D. 3D printed MOF-based mixed matrix thin-film composite membranes. RSC Adv 2021; 11:25658-25663. [PMID: 35478905 PMCID: PMC9037021 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03124d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MOF-based mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) have attracted considerable attention due to their tremendous separation performance and facile processability. In large-scale applications such as CO2 separation from flue gas, it is necessary to have high gas permeance, which can be achieved using thin membranes. However, there are only a handful of MOF MMMs that are fabricated in the form of thin-film composite (TFC) membranes. We propose herein the fabrication of robust thin-film composite mixed-matrix membranes (TFC MMMs) using a three dimensional (3D) printing technique with a thickness of 2-3 μm. We systematically studied the effect of casting concentration and number of electrospray cycles on membrane thickness and CO2 separation performance. Using a low concentration of polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) or PIM-1/HKUST-1 solution (0.1 wt%) leads to TFC membranes with a thickness of less than 500 nm, but the fabricated membranes showed poor CO2/N2 selectivity, which could be attributed to microscopic defects. To avoid these microscale defects, we increased the concentration of the casting solution to 0.5 wt% resulting in TFC MMMs with a thickness of 2-3 μm which showed three times higher CO2 permeance than the neat PIM-1 membrane. These membranes represent the first examples of 3D printed TFC MMMs using the electrospray printing technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh K Elsaidi
- DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) Pittsburgh PA 15236 USA .,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Pittsburgh PA 15236 USA
| | - Mayur Ostwal
- Connecticut Center for Applied Separations Technology, University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA .,Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA
| | - Lingxiang Zhu
- DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) Pittsburgh PA 15236 USA .,Leidos Research Support Team 626 Cochrans Mill Road, P.O. Box 10940 Pittsburgh PA 15236 USA
| | - Ali Sekizkardes
- DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) Pittsburgh PA 15236 USA .,Leidos Research Support Team 626 Cochrans Mill Road, P.O. Box 10940 Pittsburgh PA 15236 USA
| | - Mona H Mohamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia Alexandria 21321 Egypt.,Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh 219 Parkman Avenue Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Michael Gipple
- DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) Pittsburgh PA 15236 USA .,Deltha New Orleans LA 70114 USA
| | - Jeffrey R McCutcheon
- Connecticut Center for Applied Separations Technology, University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA .,Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA
| | - David Hopkinson
- DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) Pittsburgh PA 15236 USA
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Chondath SK, Menamparambath MM. Interface-assisted synthesis: a gateway to effective nanostructure tuning of conducting polymers. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:918-941. [PMID: 36133281 PMCID: PMC9419666 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00940g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The interface-assisted polymerization technique can be viewed as a powerful emerging tool for the synthesis of conducting polymers (CPs) on a large scale. Contrary to other bulk or single-phase polymerization techniques, interface-assisted synthesis strategies offer effective nanostructure control in a confined two-dimensional (2-D) space. This review focuses on the types of interfaces, mechanism at the interface, advantages and future perspectives of the interfacial polymerization in comparison to conventional polymerization techniques. Hence, the primary focus is on briefing the different types of the chemical methods of polymerization, followed by uniqueness in the reaction dynamics of interface polymerization. The classification of interfaces into four types (liquid/solid, gas/liquid, liquid/liquid, and gas/solid) is based on the versatility and underlying mechanistic pathway of the polymerization of each type. The role of interface in tuning the nanostructure of CPs and the performance evaluation of pristine CPs based on the electrical conductivity are also discussed. Finally, the future outlook of this emerging field is discussed and proposed in detail through some multifunctional applications of synthesized conducting polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Kaladi Chondath
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut Calicut 673601 Kerala India
| | - Mini Mol Menamparambath
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut Calicut 673601 Kerala India
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Sohail M, An H, Choi W, Singh J, Yim K, Kim BH, Park YC, Lee JS, Kim H. Sorption-enhanced thin film composites with metal-organic polyhedral nanocages for CO2 separation. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Guo BB, Liu C, Xin JH, Zhu CY, Xu ZK. Visualizing and monitoring interfacial polymerization by aggregation-induced emission. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00594d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation-induced emission effect is used to visualize and monitor interfacial polymerization at the alkane–ionic liquid interface by virtue of the quantitative fluorescence of arylamine luminogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bian-Bian Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
| | - Chang Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
| | - Jia-Hui Xin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
| | - Cheng-Ye Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
| | - Zhi-Kang Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
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9
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Mulhearn WD, Stafford CM. Highly Permeable Reverse Osmosis Membranes via Molecular Layer-by-Layer Deposition of Trimesoyl Chloride and 3,5-Diaminobenzoic Acid. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2021; 3:10.1021/acsapm.0c01199. [PMID: 36936726 PMCID: PMC10020955 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.0c01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We present a series of polyamide membranes synthesized via molecular layer-by-layer (mLbL) deposition of trimesoyl chloride (TMC) and 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid (BA). These membranes exhibit superior NaCl rejection compared to previously reported TMC-BA membranes prepared via interfacial polymerization, with the improved performance of the mLbL films attributable to higher cross-link density facilitated by the stepwise deposition process in good solvents. We compare the TMC-BA series with membranes synthesized from TMC and m-phenylenediamine (MPD), a conventional reverse osmosis membrane chemistry. At the minimum thickness capable of 90 % NaCl rejection, mLbL TMC-BA membranes exhibit 50 % greater water permeance than mLbL TMC-MPD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher M. Stafford
- Corresponding Author Christopher M. Stafford – Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA;
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10
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Zhang F, Fan J, Wang S. Grenzflächenpolymerisation: Von der Chemie zu funktionellen Materialien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Jun‐bing Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Shutao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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11
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Ibrahim S, Mohammadi Ghaleni M, Isloor AM, Bavarian M, Nejati S. Poly(Homopiperazine-Amide) Thin-Film Composite Membrane for Nanofiltration of Heavy Metal Ions. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:28749-28759. [PMID: 33195928 PMCID: PMC7659160 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of membrane-based technologies for the treatment of wastewater streams and resources containing heavy metal ions is in high demand. Among various technologies, nanofiltration (NF) membranes are attractive choices, and the continuous development of novel materials to improve the state-of-the-art NF membranes is highly desired. Here, we report on the synthesis of poly(homopiperazine-amide) thin-film composite (HTFC)-NF membranes, using homopiperazine (HP) as a monomer. The surface charge, hydrophilicity, morphology, cross-linking density, water permeation, solute rejection, and antifouling properties of the fabricated NF membranes were evaluated. The fabricated HTFC NF membranes demonstrated water permeability of 7.0 ± 0.3 L/(m2 h bar) and rejected Na2SO4, MgSO4, and NaCl with rejection values of 97.0 ± 0.6, 97.4 ± 0.5, and 23.3 ± 0.6%, respectively. The membranes exhibit high rejection values of 98.1 ± 0.3 and 96.3 ± 0.4% for Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions, respectively. The fouling experiment with humic acid followed by cross-flow washing of the membranes indicates that a flux recovery ratio (FRR) of 96.9 ± 0.4% can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Ibrahim
- Membrane
Technology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575025, India
| | - Mahdi Mohammadi Ghaleni
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska−Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-8286, United States
| | - Arun M. Isloor
- Membrane
Technology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575025, India
- Apahatech
Solutions LLP, Science and
Technology Entrepreneurs Park, National
Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575025, India
| | - Mona Bavarian
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska−Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-8286, United States
| | - Siamak Nejati
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska−Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-8286, United States
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12
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Zhang F, Fan JB, Wang S. Interfacial Polymerization: From Chemistry to Functional Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21840-21856. [PMID: 32091148 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Interfacial polymerization, where a chemical reaction is confined at the liquid-liquid or liquid-air interface, exhibits a strong advantage for the controllable fabrication of films, capsules, and fibers for use as separation membranes and electrode materials. Recent developments in technology and polymer chemistry have brought new vigor to interfacial polymerization. Here, we consider the history of interfacial polymerization in terms of the polymerization types: interfacial polycondensation, interfacial polyaddition, interfacial oxidative polymerization, interfacial polycoordination, interfacial supramolecular polymerization, and some others. The accordingly emerging functional materials are highlighted, as well as the challenges and opportunities brought by new technologies for interfacial polymerization. Interfacial polymerization will no doubt keep on developing and producing a series of fascinating functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Bing Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shutao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Gui L, Dong J, Fang W, Zhang S, Zhou K, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Jin J. Ultrafast Ion Sieving from Honeycomb-like Polyamide Membranes Formed Using Porous Protein Assemblies. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:5821-5829. [PMID: 32628856 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the commercial success of thin film composite polyamide membranes, further improvements to the water permeation of polyamide membranes without degradation in product water quality remain a great challenge. Herein, we report the fabrication of an interfacially polymerized polyamide nanofiltration membrane with a novel 3D honeycomb-like spatial structure, which is formed from a tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) porous protein nanosheet-coated microfiltration membrane support. TMV nanosheets with uniform pores and appropriate hydrophilicity deposited inside the support membrane pores facilitate the construction of a localized water-oil reaction interface with evenly distributed monomers and guide the formation of a defect-free polyamide layer with a spatial structure that copies the geometry of the membrane cavities. Such a 3D morphology possesses ultrahigh specific surface area, leading to unprecedented membrane water permeance as high as 84 L m-2 h-1 bar-1, high MgSO4 rejection of 98%, and monovalent/divalent ion sieving selectivity up to 89.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Gui
- i-Lab and CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jinchen Dong
- i-Lab and CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wangxi Fang
- i-Lab and CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shenxiang Zhang
- i-Lab and CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- i-Lab and CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuzhang Zhu
- i-Lab and CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yatao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jian Jin
- i-Lab and CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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14
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Dai Q, Lu W, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Zhu X, Li X. Advanced scalable zeolite “ions-sieving” composite membranes with high selectivity. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Yang X. Monitoring the Interfacial Polymerization of Piperazine and Trimesoyl Chloride with Hydrophilic Interlayer or Macromolecular Additive by In Situ FT-IR Spectroscopy. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:E12. [PMID: 31936126 PMCID: PMC7022637 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The interfacial polymerization (IP) of piperazine (PIP) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) has been extensively utilized to synthesize nanofiltration (NF) membranes. However, it is still a huge challenge to monitor the IP reaction, because of the fast reaction rate and the formed ultra-thin film. Herein, two effective strategies were applied to reduce the IP reaction rate: (1) the introduction of hydrophilic interlayers between the porous substrate and the formed polyamide layer, and (2) the addition of macromolecular additives in the aqueous solution of PIP. As a result, in situ Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was firstly used to monitor the IP reaction of PIP/TMC with hydrophilic interlayers or macromolecular additives in the aqueous solution of PIP. Moreover, the formed polyamide layer growth on the substrate was studied in a real-time manner. The in situ FT-IR experimental results confirmed that the IP reaction rates were effectively suppressed and that the formed polyamide thickness was reduced from 138 ± 24 nm to 46 ± 2 nm according to TEM observation. Furthermore, an optimized NF membrane with excellent performance was consequently obtained, which included boosted water permeation of about 141-238 (L/m2·h·MPa) and superior salt rejection of Na2SO4 > 98.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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16
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Thin-film composite membrane breaking the trade-off between conductivity and selectivity for a flow battery. Nat Commun 2020; 11:13. [PMID: 31911625 PMCID: PMC6946707 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13704-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A membrane with both high ion conductivity and selectivity is critical to high power density and low-cost flow batteries, which are of great importance for the wide application of renewable energies. The trade-off between ion selectivity and conductivity is a bottleneck of ion conductive membranes. In this paper, a thin-film composite membrane with ultrathin polyamide selective layer is found to break the trade-off between ion selectivity and conductivity, and dramatically improve the power density of a flow battery. As a result, a vanadium flow battery with a thin-film composite membrane achieves energy efficiency higher than 80% at a current density of 260 mA cm−2, which is the highest ever reported to the best of our knowledge. Combining experiments and theoretical calculation, we propose that the high performance is attributed to the proton transfer via Grotthuss mechanism and Vehicle mechanism in sub-1 nm pores of the ultrathin polyamide selective layer. Low-cost flow batteries with high power density are promising for energy storage, but membranes with simultaneously high ion conductivity and selectivity should be developed. Here the authors report a thin-film composite membrane that breaks the trade-off between ion conductivity and selectivity.
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17
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Arjmandi M, Pourafshari Chenar M, Peyravi M, Jahanshahi M. Physical modification of polymeric support layer for thin film composite forward osmosis membranes by metal–organic framework‐based porous matrix membrane strategy. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrzad Arjmandi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of EngineeringFerdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
- Research Center of Membrane Processes and Membrane, Faculty of EngineeringFerdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
| | - Mahdi Pourafshari Chenar
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of EngineeringFerdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
- Research Center of Membrane Processes and Membrane, Faculty of EngineeringFerdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
| | - Majid Peyravi
- Membrane Research Group, Nanotechnology Research InstituteBabol Noshirvani University of Technology Babol Iran
| | - Mohsen Jahanshahi
- Membrane Research Group, Nanotechnology Research InstituteBabol Noshirvani University of Technology Babol Iran
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18
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Wang M, Stafford CM, Cox LM, Blevins AK, Aghajani M, Killgore JP, Ding Y. Controlled Growth of Polyamide Films atop Homogenous and Heterogeneous Hydrogels using Gel-Liquid Interfacial Polymerization. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019; 220. [PMID: 31579363 DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Controlled growth of crosslinked polyamide (PA) thin films is demonstrated at the interface of a monomer-soaked hydrogel and an organic solution of the complementary monomer. Termed gel-liquid interfacial polymerization (GLIP), the resulting PA films are measured to be chemically and mechanically analogous to the active layer in thin film composite membranes. PA thin films are prepared using the GLIP process on both a morphologically homogeneous hydrogel prepared from poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (PHEMA) and a phase-separated, heterogeneous hydrogel prepared from poly(acrylamide) (PAAm). Two monomer systems are examined: trimesoyl chloride (TMC) reacting with m-phenylene diamine (MPD) and TMC reacting with piperazine (PIP). Unlike the self-limiting growth behavior in TFC membrane fabrication, diffusion-limited, continuous growth of the PA films is observed, where both the thickness and roughness of the PA layers increase with reaction time. A key morphological difference is found between the two monomer systems using the GLIP process: TMC/MPD produces a ridge-and-valley surface morphology whereas TMC/PIP produces nodule/granular structures. The GLIP process represents a unique opportunity to not only explore the pore characteristics (size, spacing, and continuity) on the resulting structure and morphology of interfacially polymerized thin films, but also a method to modify the surface of (or encapsulate) hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Wang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0427, USA
| | - Christopher M Stafford
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Lewis M Cox
- Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT,59717-3800, USA
| | - Adrienne K Blevins
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0427, USA
| | - Masoud Aghajani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0427, USA
| | - Jason P Killgore
- Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | - Yifu Ding
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0427, USA
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19
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Fauzan NAB, Mannan HA, Nasir R, Mohshim DFB, Mukhtar H. Various Techniques for Preparation of Thin‐Film Composite Mixed‐Matrix Membranes for CO
2
Separation. Chem Eng Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201800520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Aqilah Bt Fauzan
- Universiti Teknologi PETRONASChemical Engineering Department 32610 Seri Iskandar Perak Malaysia
| | - Hafiz Abdul Mannan
- Universiti Teknologi PETRONASChemical Engineering Department 32610 Seri Iskandar Perak Malaysia
| | - Rizwan Nasir
- University of JeddahDepartment of Chemical Engineering 23890 Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Dzeti Farhah Bt Mohshim
- Universiti Teknologi PETRONASPetroleum Engineering Department 32610 Seri Iskandar Perak Malaysia
| | - Hilmi Mukhtar
- Universiti Teknologi PETRONASChemical Engineering Department 32610 Seri Iskandar Perak Malaysia
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20
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Wang Y, Fu J, Zhang Q, Lin L, Yi C, Yang B. Effects of preparation parameters on CO
2
/N
2
gas permselectivity of polyether thin film composite membrane. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Jiawen Fu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Qingfu Zhang
- Jozzon Membrane Technology Co., Ltd. Dongying 257500 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Lin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Chunhai Yi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Bolun Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China
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21
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Controlling structure and properties of polyamide nanofilms by varying amines diffusivity in organic phase. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Li K, Li S, Liu L, Huang W, Wang Y, Yu C, Zhou Y. Molecular dynamics simulation studies of the structure and antifouling performance of a gradient polyamide membrane. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:19995-20002. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03798e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The structure and the antifouling performance of the first gradient polyamide layer model are systematically disclosed using molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
| | - Shanlong Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
| | - Lifen Liu
- Center for Membrane and Water Science & Technology
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
| | - Yuling Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
| | - Chunyang Yu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
| | - Yongfeng Zhou
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
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23
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High-flux thin film composite membranes for nanofiltration mediated by a rapid co-deposition of polydopamine/piperazine. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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24
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Zhu Y, Xie W, Gao S, Zhang F, Zhang W, Liu Z, Jin J. Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Film Supported Nanofiltration Membrane with a Nearly 10 nm Thick Polyamide Selective Layer for High-Flux and High-Rejection Desalination. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:5034-5041. [PMID: 27322676 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201601253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Fabricating nanofiltration (NF) membranes with high permeating flux and simultaneous high rejection rate for desalination is rather significant and highly desired. A new avenue is reported in this work to design NF membrane by using polydopamine wrapped single-walled carbon nanotube (PD/SWCNTs) ultrathin film as support layer instead of the use of traditional polymer-based underlying layers. Thanks to the high porosity, smooth surface, and more importantly optimal hydrophilic surface of PD/SWCNTs film, a defect-free polyamide selective layer for NF membrane with thickness of as thin as 12 nm is achieved. The obtained NF membrane exhibits an extremely high performance with a permeating flux of 32 L m-2 h-1 bar-1 and a rejection rate of 95.9% to divalent ions. This value is two to five times higher than the traditional NF membranes with similar rejection rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhang Zhu
- i-Lab and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wei Xie
- i-Lab and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Shoujian Gao
- i-Lab and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- i-Lab and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- i-Lab and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhaoyang Liu
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, HBKU, Qatar Foundation, PO Box 5825, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jian Jin
- i-Lab and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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25
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Maruf SH, Greenberg AR, Ding Y. Influence of substrate processing and interfacial polymerization conditions on the surface topography and permselective properties of surface-patterned thin-film composite membranes. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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Kim SJ, Lee PS, Bano S, Park YI, Nam SE, Lee KH. Effective incorporation of TiO2nanoparticles into polyamide thin-film composite membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.43383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Joong Kim
- Advanced Materials Division, Center for Membranes; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Yuseong-Gu Daejeon 305-606 Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology; Yuseong-Gu Daejeon 305-350 Republic of Korea
| | - Pyung-Soo Lee
- Advanced Materials Division, Center for Membranes; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Yuseong-Gu Daejeon 305-606 Republic of Korea
| | - Saira Bano
- Advanced Materials Division, Center for Membranes; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Yuseong-Gu Daejeon 305-606 Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology; Yuseong-Gu Daejeon 305-350 Republic of Korea
| | - You-In Park
- Advanced Materials Division, Center for Membranes; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Yuseong-Gu Daejeon 305-606 Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology; Yuseong-Gu Daejeon 305-350 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Eun Nam
- Advanced Materials Division, Center for Membranes; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Yuseong-Gu Daejeon 305-606 Republic of Korea
| | - Kew-Ho Lee
- Advanced Materials Division, Center for Membranes; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Yuseong-Gu Daejeon 305-606 Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology; Yuseong-Gu Daejeon 305-350 Republic of Korea
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27
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DSouza R, Sriramulu D, Valiyaveettil S. Topology and porosity modulation of polyurea films using interfacial polymerization. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra27108h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyurea films with controllable topologies and porosities were obtained by reacting different amines with hexamethyl diisocyanate at the liquid–liquid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan DSouza
- Materials Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
| | - Deepa Sriramulu
- Materials Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
| | - Suresh Valiyaveettil
- Materials Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
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28
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Isotropic macroporous polyethersulfone membranes as competitive supports for high performance polyamide desalination membranes. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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29
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Perera D, Song Q, Qiblawey H, Sivaniah E. Regulating the aqueous phase monomer balance for flux improvement in polyamide thin film composite membranes. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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30
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Suzuki Y, Koyano Y, Nagaoka M. Influence of Monomer Mixing Ratio on Membrane Nanostructure in Interfacial Polycondensation: Application of Hybrid MC/MD Reaction Method with Minimum Bond Convention. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:6776-85. [DOI: 10.1021/jp512333h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Suzuki
- Graduate
School of Information Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Koyano
- Graduate
School of Information Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Core Research
for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology
Agency, Honmachi, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| | - Masataka Nagaoka
- Graduate
School of Information Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Core Research
for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology
Agency, Honmachi, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
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31
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Zhang Y, Benes NE, Lammertink RGH. Visualization and characterization of interfacial polymerization layer formation. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:575-580. [PMID: 25421971 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc01046a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a microfluidic platform to visualize the formation of free-standing films by interfacial polymerization. A microfluidic device is fabricated, with an array of micropillars to stabilize an aqueous-organic interface that allows a direct observation of the films formation process via optical microscopy. Three different amines are selected to react with trimesoyl chloride: piperazine, JEFFAMINE(®)D-230, and an ammonium functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. Tracking the formation of the free-standing films in time reveals strong effects of the characteristics of the amine precursor on the morphological evolution of the films. Piperazine exhibits a rapid reaction with trimesoyl chloride, forming a film up to 20 μm thick within half a minute. JEFFAMINE(®)D-230 displays much slower film formation kinetics. The location of the polymerization reaction was initially in the aqueous phase and then shifted into the organic phase. Our in situ real-time observations provide information on the kinetics and the changing location of the polymerization. This provides insights with important implications for fine-tuning of interfacial polymerizations for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Zhang
- Soft Matter, Fluidics and Interfaces, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
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32
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Feng K, Tang B, Wu P. A new insight into the membrane-supported interfacial polymerization via Poisson Distribution. Sep Purif Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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33
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Matthews TD, Yan H, Cahill DG, Coronell O, Mariñas BJ. Growth dynamics of interfacially polymerized polyamide layers by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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34
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35
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Shenoy R, Bowman CN. A Comprehensive Kinetic Model of Free-Radical-Mediated Interfacial Polymerization. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.201200062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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36
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Huang H, Qu X, Dong H, Zhang L, Chen H. Role of NaA zeolites in the interfacial polymerization process towards a polyamide nanocomposite reverse osmosis membrane. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40960k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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37
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Yuan F, Wang Z, Li S, Wang J, Wang S. Formation–structure–performance correlation of thin film composite membranes prepared by interfacial polymerization for gas separation. J Memb Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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38
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Novel tertiary amino containing thin film composite membranes prepared by interfacial polymerization for CO2 capture. J Memb Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2010.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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39
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Oizerovich-Honig R, Raim V, Srebnik S. Simulation of thin film membranes formed by interfacial polymerization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:299-306. [PMID: 19824686 DOI: 10.1021/la9024684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial polymerization is widely used today for the production of ultrathin films for encapsulation, chemical separations, and desalination. Polyamide films, in particular, are employed in manufacturing of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes. While these materials show excellent salt rejection, they have rather low water permeability, both properties that apparently stem from the rigid cross-linked structure. An increasing amount of experimental research on membranes of different chemistries and membrane characterization suggests the importance of other factors (such as unreacted functional groups and surface roughness) in determining membrane performance. We developed a molecular simulation model to qualitatively study the effects of various synthesis conditions on membrane performance, in terms of its estimated porosity and permeability. The model is of an interfacial aggregation process of two types of functional monomers. Film growth with time and structural characteristics of the final film are compared with predictions of existing theories and experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Oizerovich-Honig
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel 32000
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40
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A comprehensive model for kinetics and development of film structure in interfacial polycondensation. POLYMER 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2009.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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41
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Study on a novel polyester composite nanofiltration membrane by interfacial polymerization of triethanolamine (TEOA) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC). J Memb Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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42
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43
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Bouchemal K, Couenne F, Briançon S, Fessi H, Tayakout M. Polyamides nanocapsules: Modeling and wall thickness estimation. AIChE J 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.10828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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44
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Kang M, Myung SJ, Jin HJ. Nylon 610 and carbon nanotube composite by in situ interfacial polymerization. POLYMER 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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45
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Berezkin AV, Khokhlov AR. Mathematical modeling of interfacial polycondensation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.20907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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46
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Freger V. Kinetics of film formation by interfacial polycondensation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:1884-1894. [PMID: 15723485 DOI: 10.1021/la048085v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An approximate analytical model of film formation by interfacial polycondensation is presented. The analysis requires knowledge of a minimal set of certain kinetic parameters (monomer diffusivities and reaction rate constants) and reaction conditions (monomer concentrations and thickness of the unstirred layer). The process proceeds as a succession of two or three markedly different kinetic regimes. Each regime (insipient film formation, slowdown, and diffusion-limited growth) sets a different pattern of local polymer accumulation, with important implications for the structure of the emerging film. At the incipient stage, a loose polymer film begins to emerge in a fixed narrow region inside the boundary layer, followed by gradual densification of the middle part of the film. A condition for film formation is thus formulated on the basis of our analysis. The model predicts that two different scenarios are possible, which depend on the permeability of the polymer: films with a low permeability to both monomers pass through an abrupt slowdown of film growth, whereas permeable films undergo a smooth transition between the incipient film formation and diffusion-limited regimes. The model incorporates the highly important effects of the accumulation of reactive end groups and the decrease of monomer diffusion with the polymer concentration on the kinetics of the process and film characteristics. In addition, the validity of the utilized mean-field approach is analyzed, and the analysis suggests a direct correlation between the roughness and the thickness of the film. The results are in good agreement with an earlier numerical study and the direct structural studies of polyamide membrane films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viatcheslav Freger
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research and Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 635, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
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47
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Ahmad AL, Ooi BS, Choudhury JP. Effect of Hydrophilization Additive and Reaction Time on Separation Properties of Polyamide Nanofiltration Membrane. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2005. [DOI: 10.1081/ss-120030770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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48
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Abstract
We present a theoretical description for the creation of a thin polymeric layer through the interfacial polymerization of two immiscible, low molecular weight liquids. The theory specifically takes into account the effects of polydispersity on the formation of the polymer film at the liquid-liquid interface. Consequently, we can describe the structure of the growing film and the molecular weight distribution of the resultant polymer chains. We focus on a model system where alternating AB copolymers are formed at the interface between phase-separated, low molecular weight species A and B. It is assumed that any A(B) unit can reversibly attach to any available B(A) unit or B(A)-ended chain. The formation of the copolymer layer is described by a system of reaction-diffusion equations, which detail the chemical evolution and diffusive dynamics of the polydisperse mixture of AB copolymers around the interface, and the evolution of the interface itself. Using this model, we determine the effects of the chemical reaction rates and the initial conditions on the kinetics of forming the AB copolymer layer and the structure of this film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor V Yashin
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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49
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Khare VP, Greenberg AR, Krantz WB. Development of pendant drop mechanical analysis as a technique for determining the stress-relaxation and water-permeation properties of interfacially polymerized barrier layers. J Appl Polym Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/app.12892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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50
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Mathematical model of charge and density distributions in interfacial polymerization of thin films. J Appl Polym Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/app.11716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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