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Rosa AC, Nardini P, Sgambellone S, Gurrieri M, Spampinato SF, Dell’Accio A, Chazot PL, Obara I, Liu WL, Pini A. CNS-Sparing Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonist as a Candidate to Prevent the Diabetes-Associated Gastrointestinal Symptoms. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020184. [PMID: 35204685 PMCID: PMC8961615 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the histamine receptors, growing evidence points to the histamine H3 receptor as a pharmacological candidate to counteract the autonomic neuropathy associated with diabetes. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of PF00868087 (also known as ZPL-868), a CNS-sparing histamine H3 receptor antagonist, on the autonomic neuropathy of the intestinal tract associated with diabetes. Diabetes was induced in male BALB/c mice by a single high dose of streptozotocin (150 mg/kg). Colorectal specimens from control and diabetic mice, randomized to vehicle or PF0086087 (10, 30, 100 mg/kg/day by oral gavage for 14 days), were processed for morphological and immunohistochemical analysis. A significant overproduction of mucus in the intestinal mucosa of diabetic mice compared to the controls was observed. PF0086087 at the highest dose prevented mucin overproduction. The immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated that diabetes causes a decrease in the inhibitory component of enteric motility, measured as the percentage of neuronal nitric oxide synthase-positive neurons (p < 0.05) and a parallel increase in the excitatory component evaluated as substance P-positive fibres (p < 0.01). PF0086087 dose-dependently prevented these pathophysiological events. In conclusion, PF0086087 may be an essential tool in preventing nitrergic dysfunction in the myenteric plexus of the distal colon and diabetes-induced gastrointestinal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Carolina Rosa
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.C.R.); (A.P.); Tel.: +39-0116707955 (A.C.R.); +39-0552758155 (A.P.)
| | - Patrizia Nardini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (P.N.); (M.G.); (A.D.)
| | - Silvia Sgambellone
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Maura Gurrieri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (P.N.); (M.G.); (A.D.)
| | - Simona Federica Spampinato
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy;
| | - Alfonso Dell’Accio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (P.N.); (M.G.); (A.D.)
| | - Paul L Chazot
- School of Biological and Biomedical Science, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK;
| | - Ilona Obara
- School of Pharmacy and Translational and Clinical Research Institute, King George VI Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RU, UK;
| | - Wai L Liu
- Liu & Co Consulting Limited, Whitstable CT5 3RF, UK;
| | - Alessandro Pini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (P.N.); (M.G.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.C.R.); (A.P.); Tel.: +39-0116707955 (A.C.R.); +39-0552758155 (A.P.)
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Design, synthesis, in vitro evaluation, and docking studies on ibuprofen derived 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives as dual α-glucosidase and urease inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02814-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kourounakis AP, Xanthopoulos D, Tzara A. Morpholine as a privileged structure: A review on the medicinal chemistry and pharmacological activity of morpholine containing bioactive molecules. Med Res Rev 2019; 40:709-752. [PMID: 31512284 DOI: 10.1002/med.21634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Morpholine is a heterocycle featured in numerous approved and experimental drugs as well as bioactive molecules. It is often employed in the field of medicinal chemistry for its advantageous physicochemical, biological, and metabolic properties, as well as its facile synthetic routes. The morpholine ring is a versatile and readily accessible synthetic building block, it is easily introduced as an amine reagent or can be built according to a variety of available synthetic methodologies. This versatile scaffold, appropriately substituted, possesses a wide range of biological activities. There are many examples of molecular targets of morpholine bioactive in which the significant contribution of the morpholine moiety has been demonstrated; it is an integral component of the pharmacophore for certain enzyme active-site inhibitors whereas it bestows selective affinity for a wide range of receptors. A large body of in vivo studies has demonstrated morpholine's potential to not only increase potency but also provide compounds with desirable drug-like properties and improved pharamacokinetics. In this review we describe the medicinal chemistry/pharmacological activity of morpholine derivatives on various therapeutically related molecular targets, attempting to highlight the importance of the morpholine ring in drug design and development as well as to justify its classification as a privileged structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki P Kourounakis
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Xanthopoulos
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ariadni Tzara
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Gergely M, Kollár L. Aminothiazoles and aminothiadiazoles as nucleophiles in aminocarbonylation of iodobenzene derivatives. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Wen G, Liu Q, Hu H, Wang D, Wu S. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking of novel flavones as H 3 R inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 90:580-589. [PMID: 28328173 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel flavone derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their H3 R inhibitory activity. The results showed that four compounds exhibited significant anti-H3 R activity. Molecular docking experiments indicated that a salt bridge, hydrogen-bonding, and hydrophobic interactions all contributed to interactions between inhibitors and H3 R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huabin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Song Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Sfera A, Osorio C, Inderias LA, Parker V, Price AI, Cummings M. The Obesity-Impulsivity Axis: Potential Metabolic Interventions in Chronic Psychiatric Patients. Front Psychiatry 2017; 8:20. [PMID: 28243210 PMCID: PMC5303716 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological impulsivity is encountered in a broad range of psychiatric conditions and is thought to be a risk factor for aggression directed against oneself or others. Recently, a strong association was found between impulsivity and obesity which may explain the high prevalence of metabolic disorders in individuals with mental illness even in the absence of exposure to psychotropic drugs. As the overlapping neurobiology of impulsivity and obesity is being unraveled, the question asked louder and louder is whether they should be treated concomitantly. The treatment of obesity and metabolic dysregulations in chronic psychiatric patients is currently underutilized and often initiated late, making correction more difficult to achieve. Addressing obesity and metabolic dysfunction in a preventive manner may not only lower morbidity and mortality but also the excessive impulsivity, decreasing the risk for aggression. In this review, we take a look beyond psychopharmacological interventions and discuss dietary and physical therapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adonis Sfera
- Patton State Hospital, Psychiatry, Patton, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Amy I. Price
- Oxford University, Evidence Based Medicine, Oxford, UK
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Fan XY, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Chen ZB, Zhu YM. Palladium-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of diazoles via tert-butyl isocyanide insertion. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:10402-8. [PMID: 26328529 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01328c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An efficient one-pot palladium-catalyzed reaction for the synthesis of diazoles from readily available hydrazides and aryl halide via isocyanide insertion/cyclization sequence has been developed. This methodology efficiently constructs diazoles in good to excellent yields with the advantages of wide functional group tolerance and operational simplicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yuan Fan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Haider S, Alam MS, Hamid H. 1,3,4-Thiadiazoles: A potent multi targeted pharmacological scaffold. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 92:156-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Abstract
After many years of research, obesity is still a disease with an unmet medical need. Very few compounds have been approved, acting mainly on neuromediators; researches, in recent years, pointed toward compounds potentially safer than first-generation antiobesity drugs, able to interact with one or more (multitarget therapy) receptors for substances produced by the gut, adipose tissue and other targets outside CNS. Other holistic approaches, such as those involving gut microbiota and plant extracts, appeared recently in the literature, and undoubtedly will contribute to the discovery of a valuable therapy for this disease. This review deals with the positive results and the pitfalls obtained following these approaches, with a view on their clinical trial studies.
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Kashtoh H, Hussain S, Khan A, Saad SM, Khan JA, Khan KM, Perveen S, Choudhary MI. Oxadiazoles and thiadiazoles: Novel α-glucosidase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:5454-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Belov AS, Vologzhanina AV, Novikov VV, Negrutska VV, Dubey IY, Mikhailova ZA, Lebed EG, Voloshin YZ. Synthesis of the first morpholine-containing iron(II) clathrochelates: A new class of efficient functionalized transcription inhibitors. Inorganica Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2014.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Hu Y, Li CY, Wang XM, Yang YH, Zhu HL. 1,3,4-Thiadiazole: synthesis, reactions, and applications in medicinal, agricultural, and materials chemistry. Chem Rev 2014; 114:5572-610. [PMID: 24716666 DOI: 10.1021/cr400131u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
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Vachhani DD, Sharma A, Van der Eycken E. Copper-Catalyzed Direct Secondary and Tertiary CH Alkylation of Azoles through a Heteroarene-Amine-Aldehyde/Ketone Coupling Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Vachhani DD, Sharma A, Van der Eycken E. Copper-Catalyzed Direct Secondary and Tertiary CH Alkylation of Azoles through a Heteroarene-Amine-Aldehyde/Ketone Coupling Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:2547-50. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Vachhani DD, Sharma A, Van der Eycken E. Pd/Cu-Catalyzed C–H Arylation of 1,3,4-Thiadiazoles with (Hetero)aryl Iodides, Bromides, and Triflates. J Org Chem 2012; 77:8768-74. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301401q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipak D. Vachhani
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Abhishek Sharma
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
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Sharma A, Vachhani D, Van der Eycken E. Direct Heteroarylation of Tautomerizable Heterocycles into Unsymmetrical and Symmetrical Biheterocycles via Pd/Cu-Catalyzed Phosphonium Coupling. Org Lett 2012; 14:1854-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol300455e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Sharma
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dipak Vachhani
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
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