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Yoshida T, Kojima H. Oral Drug Delivery Systems Applied to Launched Products: Value for the Patients and Industrial Considerations. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5312-5331. [PMID: 37856863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery systems (DDS) control the amount, rate, and site of administration of drug substances in the body as well as their release and ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion). Among the various types of DDS, amount-controlled DDS for solubilization and absorption increase the bioavailability. Time- and amount-controlled DDS are controlled release formulations classified as (1) membrane-type, (2) matrix-type, (3) osmotic-type, and (4) ion-exchange type. Timed-release formulations also control the time and amount of release and the absorption of drugs. Site- and amount-controlled DDS are characterized by colonic delivery and intestinal lymph-targeting to improve release and ADME of drug substances. Finally, site-, time-, and amount-controlled DDS are gastroretentive formulations and local delivery in the oral cavity to improve site retention, release, and ADME of drugs. DDS can enhance efficacy, reduce adverse effects, and optimize the dosing frequency of various drug products to increase patient value. This review focuses on patient value and industrial considerations of launched oral DDS. We provide a technological overview of candidate and marketed DDS, as well as the pros/cons of the technologies for industrialization with consideration to excipients, manufacturing, and storage stability. Moreover, to demonstrate the usefulness of the technology and support the selection and development of the best technologies for patients, we also describe patient value from clinical studies and analyses, particularly with regard to increased new medical options, higher efficacy, reduced adverse effects, reduced number of doses and clinic visits, easier administration, higher quality of life, greater adherence, and satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Yoshida
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc, 180 Ozumi, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0072, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kojima
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc, 180 Ozumi, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0072, Japan
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Deissler H, Krammer H, Gillessen A. pH-dependent vs. constant release of mesalazine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis: Do drug delivery concepts determine therapeutic efficacy? (Review). Biomed Rep 2021; 15:96. [PMID: 34631051 PMCID: PMC8493545 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have developed to become a major global health problem. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of two main types of IBD, and >90% of patients suffering from mild or moderate forms of UC are treated with mesalazine, a well-tolerated and cost-effective drug. To allow oral administration, the drug has to be protected from resorption before it can reach the affected sites in the colon. The drug is therefore released from most currently used medications either constantly slow (time-dependent) or triggered by an increased pH during gastrointestinal transition. Both variants are widely used in clinical practice and it is surprising that they have not yet been compared directly in a large clinical study. In this overview, the evidence that may suggest preferential use of one type of mesalazine formulation over the other in general or for defined subgroups of patients is summarized and evaluated. Data from in vitro modelling of drug release and measurements of drug concentrations in colonic mucosa suggest that in many cases, constant release and pH-dependent formulations are of similar therapeutic efficiency; however, pH-triggered release may be superior in patients with proctitis-type UC or sites of inflammation in the proximal colon. Additionally, patients with a long gastric residence time, slow small intestinal transition, disease-related diarrhea or sensitivity to systemic adverse effects may benefit more from pH-dependent release formulations. In general, medications based on both concepts show similar efficacies, but the pH-dependent release formulations seem to be more robust in the treatment of a not further classified group of patients with UC. Future comparative clinical studies are required to clearly define the subgroups of patients that should be treated preferably with constant or pH-dependent release formulations of mesalazine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heinrich Krammer
- Gastroenterological Practice, Center for Colon and Rectal Diseases, D-68165 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anton Gillessen
- Department of Internal Medicine (Gastroenterology), Herz-Jesu Hospital, D-48165 Muenster, Germany
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Broesder A, Kosta AMMAC, Woerdenbag HJ, Nguyen DN, Frijlink HW, Hinrichs WLJ. pH-dependent ileocolonic drug delivery, part II: preclinical evaluation of novel drugs and novel excipients. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1374-1388. [PMID: 32562842 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Novel drugs and novel excipients in pH-dependent ileocolonic drug delivery systems have to be tested in animals. Which animal species are suitable and what in vivo methods are used to verify ileocolonic drug delivery?
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Broesder
- University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marijke M A C Kosta
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Herman J Woerdenbag
- University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Duong N Nguyen
- University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henderik W Frijlink
- University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter L J Hinrichs
- University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Yamamoto Y, Masuda S, Nakase H, Matsuura M, Maruyama S, Hisamatsu T, Suzuki Y, Matsubara K. Influence of Pharmaceutical Formulation on the Mucosal Concentration of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid and N-Acetylmesalamine in Japanese Patients with Ulcerative Colitis. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 42:81-86. [PMID: 30369547 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) as the first-line therapy for ulcerative colitis (UC) is determined by the extent of drug delivery to the inflamed region. Moreover, differences among the various formulations influence delivery of the drug. In this study, we examined the clinical significance of colonic mucosal concentrations of 5-ASA and N-acetylmesalamine (Ac-5-ASA) in UC patients receiving a pH-dependent or time-dependent release formulation of 5-ASA. The subjects were 67 patients with UC who were treated with a pH-dependent or time-dependent formulation of 5-ASA between December 2011 and April 2014. A retrospective observational analysis of clinical outcomes was performed using the clinical activity index (CAI) obtained on the day of biopsy. Colonic mucosal concentrations of 5-ASA and Ac-5-ASA in biopsy samples were measured by LC-tandem mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Patients who were treated with the pH-dependent formulation had higher colon mucosal concentrations of 5-ASA than those who were treated with the time-dependent formulation. Additionally, 5-ASA concentration was significantly higher in patients with CAI scores ≤3. A higher concentration of Ac-5-ASA was achieved with the time-dependent formulation than with the pH-dependent formulation. Furthermore, patients with CAI scores ≤3 had higher concentrations of 5-ASA than those with CAI scores ≥4. The colonic mucosal concentration of 5-ASA in patients with UC is influenced by the pharmaceutical formulation and the remission status of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Satohiro Masuda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University.,Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital
| | - Hiroshi Nakase
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Minoru Matsuura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Shihoko Maruyama
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital
| | - Tadakazu Hisamatsu
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine.,Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center
| | - Yasuo Suzuki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center
| | - Kazuo Matsubara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital
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You BH, Chae HS, Song J, Ko HW, Chin YW, Choi YH. α-Mangostin ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis through inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 49:212-221. [PMID: 28601023 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) of the colon as a target site. Previous reports regarding the efficacy of α-mangostin (αMG) to inhibit nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) as well as relatively high distribution to the colon suggested the therapeutic potential of this compound in UC model. In dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice (DSS mice), the disease activity index scores involving diarrhea, bloody stool, body weight reduction, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities of the esophagus and colon increased with the reduced colon length. Also histologic disturbances and changes of NF-κB and MAPK pathways including phosphorylation of IκB kinase, ERK1/2, SAPK/JNK and p38 were observed in the colon of the DSS mice. However, all of these impaired conditions in the DSS mice were restored by αMG treatment, and the intestinal metabolism of αMG decreased, increasing its distribution to the colons in the DSS mice compared with the control mice. All of these results suggest that high distribution of αMG in the colon might attenuate DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK pathways in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Hoon You
- College of Pharmacy, Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-lo, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sung Chae
- College of Pharmacy, Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-lo, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Song
- College of Pharmacy, Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-lo, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Wan Ko
- College of Pharmacy, Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-lo, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Won Chin
- College of Pharmacy, Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-lo, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Hee Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-lo, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea.
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Isoliquiritigenin ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis through the inhibition of MAPK pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 31:223-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yang J, Huang Y, Gao C, Liu M, Zhang X. Fabrication and evaluation of the novel reduction-sensitive starch nanoparticles for controlled drug release. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 115:368-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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