1
|
Koroleva M. Multicompartment colloid systems with lipid and polymer membranes for biomedical applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:21836-21859. [PMID: 37565484 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01984e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Multicompartment structures have the potential for biomedical applications because they can act as multifunctional systems and provide simultaneous delivery of drugs and diagnostics agents of different types. Moreover, some of them mimic biological cells to some extent with organelles as separate sub-compartments. This article analyses multicompartment colloidal structures with smaller sub-units covered with lipid or polymer membranes that provide additional protection for the encapsulated substances. Vesosomes with small vesicles encapsulated in the inner pools of larger liposomes are the most studied systems to date. Dendrimer molecules are enclosed by a lipid bilayer shell in dendrosomes. Capsosomes, polymersomes-in-polymer capsules, and cubosomes-in-polymer capsules are composed of sub-compartments encapsulated within closed multilayer polymer membranes. Janus or Cerberus emulsions contain droplets composed of two or three phases: immiscible oils in O/W emulsions and aqueous polymer or salt solutions that are separated into two or three phases and form connected droplets in W/O emulsions. In more cases, the external surface of engulfed droplets in Janus or Cerberus emulsions is covered with a lipid or polymer monolayer. eLiposomes with emulsion droplets encapsulated into a bilayer shell have been given little attention so far, but they have very great prospects. In addition to nanoemulsion droplets, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers and inorganic nanoparticles can be loaded into eLiposomes. Molecular engineering of the external membrane allows the creation of ligand-targeted and stimuli-responsive multifunctional systems. As a result, the efficacy of drug delivery can be significantly enhanced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Koroleva
- Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Miusskaya sq. 9, Moscow 125047.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Afreen, Manturthi S, nath Velidandi A. Thiazole- and Coumarin-Conjugated (β-Lactam Scaffold) Azetidinones Synthesis and Their Substitution Effect in In Silico, and In Vitro Cell Viability Studies. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162022060036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
3
|
Manturthi S, Bhattacharya D, Sakhare KR, Narayan KP, Patri SV. Cimetidine-Based Cationic Amphiphiles for In Vitro Gene Delivery Targetable to Colon Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:31388-31402. [PMID: 36092589 PMCID: PMC9453813 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cimetidine, a histamine-2 (H2) receptor antagonist, has been found to have anticancer properties against a number of cancer-type cells. In this report, we have demonstrated that cimetidine can acts as a hydrophilic domain in cationic lipids and targetable to the gastric system by carrying reporter genes and therapeutic genes through in vitro transfection. Two lipids, namely, Toc-Cim and Chol-Cim consisting cimetidine as the main head group and hydrophobic moieties as alpha-tocopherol or cholesterol, respectively, were designed and synthesized. 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) is a well-known co-lipid employed to produce liposomes as uniform vesicles. The liposomes and lipoplexes were structurally and functionally evaluated for global surface charges and hydrodynamic diameters, and results found that both liposome and lipoplex size and surface charges are optimal to screen the transfection potentials. DNA-binding studies were analyzed as complete binding at all formulated N/P ratios. The liposomes and lipoplexes of both the lipids Toc-Cim and Chol-Cim show minimal cytotoxicity even though at higher concentrations. The results of the transfection experiments revealed that tocopherol-based cationic lipids (Toc-Cim) show finer transfection efficacy with optimized N/P ratios (2:1 and 4:1) in the colon cancer cell line. Toc-Cim lipoplexes show higher cellular uptake compare to Chol-Cim in the colon cancer cell line at 2:1 and 4:1 N/P ratios. Toc-Cim and Chol-Cim lipids showed highly compatible serum, examined up to 50% of the serum concentration. To evaluate the apoptotic cell death in CT-26 cells, exposed to Toc-Cim:p53 and Chol-Cim:p53 lipoplexes at 2:1 N/P ratios, superior results showed with Toc-Cim:p53. An effect of TP53 protein expression in CT-26 cell lines assayed by western blot, transfected with Toc-Cim:p53 and Chol-Cim:p53 lipoplexes, demonstrated the superior efficacy of Toc-Cim. All of the findings suggest that Toc-Cim lipid is relatively secure and is an effective transfection agent to colon cancer gene delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shireesha Manturthi
- Department
of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology
Warangal, Hanamkonda, Telangana 506004, India
| | - Dwaipayan Bhattacharya
- Department
of Biological Science, Bits Pilani-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Kalyani Rajesh Sakhare
- Department
of Biological Science, Bits Pilani-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Kumar Pranav Narayan
- Department
of Biological Science, Bits Pilani-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Srilakshmi V. Patri
- Department
of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology
Warangal, Hanamkonda, Telangana 506004, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rapaka H, Manturthi S, Gosangi M, Lohchania B, Marepally S, Patri SV. Effect of Methylation of the Hydrophilic Domain of Tocopheryl Ammonium-Based Lipids on their Nucleic Acid Delivery Properties. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:15396-15403. [PMID: 35571792 PMCID: PMC9096827 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lipid-enabled nucleic acid delivery has garnered tremendous attention in recent times. Tocopherol among the cationic lipids, 3b-[N-(N',N'-dimethylamino-ethane)carbamoyl]-cholesterol hydrochloride (DC-Chol) with a headgroup of dimethylammonium, and cholesterol as a hydrophobic moiety are found to be some of the most successful lipids and are being used in clinical trials. However, limited efficacy is a major limitation for their broader therapeutic application. In our prior studies, we demonstrated tocopherol to be a potential alternative hydrophobic moiety having additional antioxidant properties to develop efficient and safer liposomal formulations. Inspired by DC-Chol applications and taking cues from our own prior findings, herein, we report the design and synthesis of four alpha-tocopherol-based cationic derivatives with varying degrees of methylation, AC-Toc (no methylation), MC-Toc (monomethylation derivative), DC-Toc (dimethylation derivative), and TC-Toc (trimethylation derivative) and the evaluation of their gene delivery properties. The transfection studies showed that AC-Toc liposomes exhibited superior transfection compared to MC-Toc, DC-Toc, TC-Toc, and control DC-Chol, indicating that methylation in the hydrophilic moiety of Toc-lipids reduced their transfection properties. Cellular internalization studies in the presence of different endocytosis blockers revealed that all four tocopherol lipids were internalized through clathrin-mediated endocytosis, whereas control DC-Chol was found to be internalized through both macropinocytosis and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. These novel Toc-lipids exhibited higher antioxidant properties than DC-Chol by generating less reactive oxygen species, indicating lower cytotoxicity. Our present findings suggest that AC-Toc may be considered as an alternative to DC-Chol in liposomal transfections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hithavani Rapaka
- National
Institute of Technology, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India
| | | | | | - Brijesh Lohchania
- Centre
for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical
College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srujan Marepally
- Centre
for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical
College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rapaka H, Manturthi S, Arjunan P, Venkatesan V, Thangavel S, Marepally S, Patri SV. Influence of Hydrophobicity in the Hydrophilic Region of Cationic Lipids on Enhancing Nucleic Acid Delivery and Gene Editing. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:1489-1500. [PMID: 35297601 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of biomolecules using non-viral vectors critically depends on the vectors' ability to allow the escape and release of the contents from the endosomes. Prior findings demonstrated that aromatic/hydrophobic group-containing amino acids such as phenylalanine (F) and tryptophan (W) destabilize cellular membranes by forming pores in the lipid bilayer. Taking cues from these findings, we have developed four α-tocopherol-based cationic amphiphiles by varying the aromatic/hydrophobic amino acids such as glycine (G), proline (P), phenylalanine (F), and tryptophan (W) as head groups and triazole in the linker region to study their impact on endosomal escape for the enhanced transfection efficacy. The lipids tocopherol-triazole-phenylalanine (TTF) and tocopherol-triazole-tryptophan (TTW) exhibited similar potential to commercial transfecting reagents, Lipofectamine (LF) 3000 and Lipofectamine Messenger Max (LFMM), respectively, in transfecting plasmid DNA and messenger RNA in multiple cultured cell lines. The TTW liposome was also found to be effective in delivering Cas9 mRNA and demonstrated equal efficiency of gene editing AAVS1 locus compared to LFMM in CHO, Neuro-2a, and EA.HY926 cell lines. In this current investigation, it is shown that the synthesized cationic lipids with aromatic hydrophobic R group-containing amino acids are safe, economic, and actually more efficient in nucleic acid delivery and genome-editing applications. These findings can be further explored in the genome-editing approach for treating genetic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hithavani Rapaka
- National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana 506004, India
| | - Shireesha Manturthi
- National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana 506004, India
| | - Porkizhi Arjunan
- Christian Medical College, Centre for Stem Cell Research, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632001, India
| | | | | | - Srujan Marepally
- Christian Medical College, Centre for Stem Cell Research, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632001, India
| | - Srilakshmi V Patri
- National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana 506004, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Maiti B, Kumar K, Datta S, Bhattacharya S. Physical-Chemical Characterization of Bilayer Membranes Derived from (±) α-Tocopherol-Based Gemini Lipids and Their Interaction with Phosphatidylcholine Bilayers and Lipoplex Formation with Plasmid DNA. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:36-49. [PMID: 34955028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Membrane formation and aggregation properties of two series of (±) α-tocopherol-based cationic gemini lipids without and with hydroxyl functionalities at the headgroup region (TnS n = 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 12; THnS n = 4, 5, 6, 8, and 12) with varying polymethylene spacer lengths were investigated extensively while comparing with the corresponding properties of the monomeric counterparts (TM and THM). Liposomal suspensions of each cationic lipid were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta potential measurements, and small-angle X-ray diffraction studies. The length of the spacer and the presence of hydroxyl functionalities at the headgroup region strongly contribute to the aggregation behavior of these gemini lipids in water. The interaction of each tocopherol lipid with a model phospholipid, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC)-derived vesicles, was thoroughly examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH)-doped fluorescence anisotropy measurements. The binding efficiency of the cationic tocopherol liposomes with plasmid DNA (pDNA) was followed by an ethidium bromide (EB) exclusion assay and zeta potential measurements, whereas negatively charged micellar sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-mediated release of the pDNA from various preformed pDNA-liposomal complexes (lipoplex) was studied by an ethidium bromide (EB) reintercalation assay. The structural transformation of pDNA upon complexation with liposome was characterized using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic measurements. Gemini lipid-pDNA interactions depend on both the presence of hydroxyl functionalities at the headgroups and the length of the spacer chain between the headgroups. Succinctly, we performed a detailed physical-chemical characterization of the membranes formed from cationic monomeric and gemini lipids bearing tocopherol as their hydrophobic backbone and describe the role of inserting the -OH group at the headgroup of such lipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bappa Maiti
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Subhasis Datta
- School of Applied & Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
- School of Applied & Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Manturthi S, Narayan KP, Patri SV. Dicationic amphiphiles bearing an amino acid head group with a long-chain hydrophobic tail for in vitro gene delivery applications. RSC Adv 2022; 12:33264-33275. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05959b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
C14-P, C14-M, and C14-S lipids formed lipoplexes using pDNA. The lipoplex cellular uptake into the cells resulted in the release of nucleic acids. C14-P lipid showed superior eGFP transfection in non-cancer cell line and more apoptosis cell death in cancer cell line.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shireesha Manturthi
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Hanamkonda, Telangana-506004, India
| | - Kumar Pranav Narayan
- Department of Biological Science, Bits Pilani-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana-500078, India
| | - Srilakshmi V. Patri
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Hanamkonda, Telangana-506004, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ravula V, Muripiti V, Manthurthi S, Patri SV. α‐Tocopherol‐Conjugated, Open Chain Sugar‐Mimicking Cationic Lipids: Design, Synthesis and In–Vitro Gene Transfection Properties. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh Ravula
- National Institute of Technology Warangal Telangana 506004 India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Asfiya R, Maiti B, Kamra M, Karande AA, Bhattacharya S. Novel α-tocopherol-ferrocene conjugates for the specific delivery of transgenes in liver cancer cells under high serum conditions. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:7636-7647. [PMID: 34676384 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00607j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The delivery of therapeutic genes to a specific organ has drawn significant research attention. Among the pool of various delivery vectors, cationic liposomes (non-viral) are potential candidates for delivering therapeutic genes due to their low immunogenic response. Here, we have developed novel ferrocene-conjugated cationic tocopheryl aggregates as non-viral vectors. These formulations can transfer a reporter gene (pGL3; encoded for luciferase protein) specifically to liver cancer cells (HepG2 and Huh7) instead of non-hepatic cancer cells, such as Caco-2 (human colon carcinoma) and HeLa (cervical cancer) cells. The transfection efficiency (TE) of the optimum liposomal formulation is more significant than commercially available Lipofectamine 2000 (L2K). Notably, it retains its TE under high serum conditions (up to 50% FBS). A coupled effect from conjugated ferrocene and tocopherol in the cationic liposomal formulation might be responsible for the cell-specific delivery and higher serum compatibility. Therefore, the present proposed delivery system may provide a platform for further progress in terms of developing hepatotropic gene delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahmat Asfiya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Bappa Maiti
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Mohini Kamra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Anjali Anoop Karande
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India. .,Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India.,School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Maiti B, Bhattacharya S. Liposomal nanoparticles based on steroids and isoprenoids for nonviral gene delivery. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 14:e1759. [PMID: 34729941 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural lipid molecules are an essential part of life as they constitute the membrane of cells and organelle. In most of these cases, the hydrophobicity of natural lipids is contributed by alkyl chains. Although natural lipids with a nonfatty acid hydrophobic backbone are quite rare, steroids and isoprenoids have been strong candidates as part of a lipid. Over the years, these natural molecules (steroid and isoprenoids) have been used to make either lipid-based nanoparticle or functionalize in such a way that it could form nano assembly alone for therapeutic delivery. Here we mainly focus on the synthetic functionalized version of these natural molecules which forms cationic liposomal nanoparticles (LipoNPs). These cationic LipoNPs were further used to deliver various negatively charged genetic materials in the form of pDNA, siRNA, mRNA (nucleic acids), and so on. This article is categorized under: Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bappa Maiti
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India.,School of Applied & Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India.,Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ravula V, Lo YL, Wang LF, Patri SV. Gemini Lipopeptide Bearing an Ultrashort Peptide for Enhanced Transfection Efficiency and Cancer-Cell-Specific Cytotoxicity. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:22955-22968. [PMID: 34514266 PMCID: PMC8427783 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cationic gemini lipopeptides are a relatively new class of amphiphilic compounds to be used for gene delivery. Through the possibility of incorporating short peptides with cell-penetrating functionalities, these lipopeptides may be advantageous over traditional cationic lipids. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, and application of a novel cationic gemini lipopeptide for gene delivery. An ultrashort peptide, containing four amino acids, arginine-cysteine-cysteine-arginine, serves as a cationic head group, and two α-tocopherol moieties act as hydrophobic anchoring groups. The new lipopeptide (ATTA) is incorporated into the conventional liposomes, containing 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE), at different molar ratios. The formulated liposomes are characterized and screened for better transfection efficiency. Transfection activity in multiple human cell lines from cancerous and noncancerous origins indicates that the inclusion of an optimal ratio of ATTA in the liposomes substantially enhances the transfection efficiency, superior to that of a traditional liposome, DOTAP-DOPE. Cytotoxicity of ATTA-containing formulations against multiple cell lines indicates potentially distinct activity between cancer and noncancer cell lines. Furthermore, lipoplexes of the ATTA-containing formulations with anticancer therapeutic gene, plasmid encoding tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (pTRAIL), induce obviously more cytotoxicity than conventional formulations. The results indicate that arginine-rich cationic lipopeptide appears to be a promising ingredient in gene delivery vector formulations to enhance transfection efficiency and cell-selective cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh Ravula
- Department
of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Warangal 506004, India
- Department
of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung
Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lun Lo
- Department
of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung
Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Li-Fang Wang
- Department
of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung
Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department
of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University
Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Srilakshmi V. Patri
- Department
of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Warangal 506004, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Stimulus-responsive liposomes for biomedical applications. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1794-1824. [PMID: 34058372 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes are amphipathic lipidic supramolecular aggregates that are able to encapsulate and carry molecules of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic nature. They have been widely used as in vivo drug delivery systems for some time because they offer features such as synthetic flexibility, biodegradability, biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and negligible toxicity. In recent years, the chemical modification of liposomes has paved the way to the development of smart liposome-based drug delivery systems, which are characterized by even more tunable and disease-directed features. In this review, we highlight the different types of chemical modification introduced to date, with a particular focus on internal stimuli-responsive liposomes and prodrug activation.
Collapse
|
13
|
Gosangi M, Ravula V, Rapaka H, Patri SV. α-Tocopherol-anchored gemini lipids with delocalizable cationic head groups: the effect of spacer length on DNA compaction and transfection properties. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4565-4576. [PMID: 33954315 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00475a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role of structural units in cationic lipids used for gene delivery is essential in designing efficient gene delivery vehicles. Herein, we report a systematic structure-activity investigation on the influence of the spacer length on the DNA compaction ability and the transfection properties of gemini lipids with delocalizable cationic head groups. We have synthesized a series of dimeric cationic lipids varying in spacer length. The DNA binding interactions of liposomal formulations were characterized by gel electrophoresis and ethidium bromide (EtBr) exclusion assays. Condensation potentials were optimized and the best results were observed with cationic lipids possessing a 6 methylene spacer (TIM 6). We found that the size of the lipid/DNA complex decreased with the increase in spacer chain length up to a 6 methylene spacer TIM 6 and increased further. We have optimized the dimeric lipid/DOPE molar formulation using the β-galactosidase activity assay and found that the molar ratio of 1 : 1.5 (gemini lipid/DOPE) showed the maximum transfection among all molar ratios. The cellular uptake and co-localization of lipoplexes were observed by cell analysis and imaging using confocal microscopy. The results confirm that the lipoplex derived from lipid TIM 6 and pCMV-bgal/DNA internalizes via cellular endocytosis. The cytotoxicity studies using the MTT assay revealed that all formulations show comparable cell viability to the commercial standard even at higher charge ratios. Overall, the data suggest that the DNA compaction ability of these lipid dimers depends on the spacer chain length and the gemini lipid containing a six methylene aliphatic spacer has the maximum potential to deliver genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjun Gosangi
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, 506004, Telangana, India.
| | - Venkatesh Ravula
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, 506004, Telangana, India.
| | - Hithavani Rapaka
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, 506004, Telangana, India.
| | - Srilakshmi V Patri
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, 506004, Telangana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ponti F, Campolungo M, Melchiori C, Bono N, Candiani G. Cationic lipids for gene delivery: many players, one goal. Chem Phys Lipids 2021; 235:105032. [PMID: 33359210 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.105032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-based carriers represent the most widely used alternative to viral vectors for gene expression and gene silencing purposes. This class of non-viral vectors is particularly attractive for their ease of synthesis and chemical modifications to endow them with desirable properties. Despite combinatorial approaches have led to the generation of a large number of cationic lipids displaying different supramolecular structures and improved behavior, additional effort is needed towards the development of more and more effective cationic lipids for transfection purposes. With this review, we seek to highlight the great progress made in the design of each and every constituent domain of cationic lipids, that is, the chemical structure of the headgroup, linker and hydrophobic moieties, and on the specific effect on the assembly with nucleic acids. Since the complexity of such systems is known to affect their performances, the role of formulation, stability and phase behavior on the transfection efficiency of such assemblies will be thoroughly discussed. Our objective is to provide a conceptual framework for the development of ever more performing lipid gene delivery vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ponti
- GenT LΛB, Dept. of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy; Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Canada Research Chair I in Biomaterials and Bioengineering for the Innovation in Surgery, Dept. Min-Met-Materials Engineering, Research Center of CHU de Quebec, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Matilde Campolungo
- GenT LΛB, Dept. of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Clara Melchiori
- GenT LΛB, Dept. of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Nina Bono
- GenT LΛB, Dept. of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Candiani
- GenT LΛB, Dept. of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Muripiti V, Lohchania B, Ravula V, Manturthi S, Marepally S, Velidandi A, Patri SV. Dramatic influence of the hydroxy functionality of azasugar moiety in the head group region of tocopherol-based cationic lipids on in vitro gene transfection efficacies. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03717f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cationic lipids have been effectively used as nonviral vectors for the delivery of polynucleic acids into the cytosol.
Collapse
|
16
|
Kamra M, Maiti B, Saha P, Karande AA, Bhattacharya S. Antibody-Conjugated Vitamin E-Derived Liposomes for Targeted Gene Transfer. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:8375-8385. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohini Kamra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Bappa Maiti
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Pranay Saha
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Anjali A. Karande
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xun MM, Huang Z, Xiao YP, Liu YH, Zhang J, Zhang JH, Yu XQ. Synthesis and Properties of Low-Molecular-Weight PEI-Based Lipopolymers for Delivery of DNA. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1060. [PMID: 30960985 PMCID: PMC6403936 DOI: 10.3390/polym10101060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid enzymatic degradation and fragmentation during DNA administration can result in limited gene expression, and consequently, poor efficacy. It is necessary to use novel vectors for DNA delivery. Herein, we aimed to design useful carriers for enhancing transfection efficiency (TE). These lipopolymers were prepared through Michael addition reactions from low-molecular-weight (LMW) polyethyleneimine (PEI) and linkers with three kinds of steroids. Agarose gel electrophoresis assay results displayed that the three lipopolymers could condense plasmid DNA well, and the formed polyplexes had appropriate sizes around 200⁻300 nm, and zeta potentials of about +25⁻40 mV. The results of in vitro experiments using HeLa, HEK293, and MCF-7 cells showed that these lipopolymers present higher TE than 25-kDa PEI, both in the absence and presence of 10% serum. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy studies also demonstrated that these lipopolymer/DNA complexes present higher cellular uptake and intracellular distribution. The measurement of critical micelle concentration (CMC) revealed that these lipopolymers could form micelles, which are suited for drug delivery. All results suggest that the three materials may serve as hopeful candidates for gene and drug delivery in future in vivo applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Miao Xun
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemical Engineering Comprehensive Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030000, China.
| | - Zheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Ya-Ping Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Yan-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Ji Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Ju-Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Xiao-Qi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Muripiti V, Lohchania B, Marepally SK, Patri SV. Hepatocellular targeted α-tocopherol based pH sensitive galactosylated lipids: design, synthesis and transfection studies. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:264-274. [PMID: 30108920 PMCID: PMC6083795 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00503b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Receptor mediated gene delivery to the liver offers advantages in treating genetic disorders such as hemophilia and hereditary tyrosinemia type I (HTI). Prior findings demonstrated that tethering the d-galactose head group to cationic lipids directs genes to the liver via asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGPRs). In our continued efforts to develop safer and efficient lipofectins, we demonstrated that cationic lipids bearing α-tocopherol, an antioxidant, as a hydrophobic domain could deliver genes efficiently with high safety profiles in multiple cell lines. Towards developing ASGPR targeted pH sensitive cationic lipids, we have designed a galactosylated cationic lipid (Toc-Gal) with α-tocopherol as the hydrophobic core covalently connected with a pH responsive triazole moiety and a non-targeting control lipid (Toc-OH) without the galactose head group. In this study, we present the design and synthesis of a pH sensitive galactosylated cationic lipid (Toc-Gal), its comparative transfection biology, cellular uptake studies, serum stability and cytotoxicity profiles in both ASGPR positive and negative liver cells, i.e. HepG2 and SK-Hep-1, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venkanna Muripiti
- National Institute of Technology , Warangal-506004 , Telangana , India .
| | | | | | - Srilakshmi V Patri
- National Institute of Technology , Warangal-506004 , Telangana , India .
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Maiti B, Kumar K, Moitra P, Kondaiah P, Bhattacharya S. Reduction Responsive Nanovesicles Derived from Novel α-Tocopheryl-Lipoic Acid Conjugates for Efficacious Drug Delivery to Sensitive and Drug Resistant Cancer Cells. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:255-266. [PMID: 29268009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Two novel α-tocopheryl-lipoic acid conjugates (TL1 and TL2) were synthesized for the anticancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX), delivery. Both conjugates were able to form stable nanovesicles. The critical aggregation concentration (CAC) was determined using 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)cinnamaldehyde (DMACA) as a fluorescence probe. Formation of highly packed nanovesicles was characterized by 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) fluorescence anisotropy and microviscosity measurements. The morphologies of nanovesicles were visualized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The response of nanovesicles to reducing environment of cells was probed by the addition of dithiothreitol (DTT), which was followed by the increase in the hydrodynamic diameter under dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. The encapsulation efficiency of a commonly used anticancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX), in nanovesicles was found to be ∼60% and ∼55% for TL1 and TL2, respectively (TL1-DOX and TL2-DOX). Also, the cumulative drug (DOX) release from DOX-encapsulated nanovesicles in response to biological reducing agent glutathione (GSH) was ∼50% and ∼40% for TL1-DOX and TL2-DOX, respectively, over a period of 10 h. Both TL1-DOX and TL2-DOX delivered the anticancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX), across the DOX-sensitive and DOX-resistant HeLa (HeLa-DOXR) cells in an efficient manner and significantly more efficaciously than the drug alone treatments, especially in HeLa-DOXR cells. The nanovesicle mediated DOX treatment also showed significantly higher cell death when compared to DOX alone treatment in HeLa-DOXR cells. Blood compatibility of the nanovesicles was supported from clotting time, hemolysis, and red blood cell (RBC) aggregation experiments for their potential in vivo applications. Concisely, we present biocompatible and responsive nanovesicles for efficacious drug delivery to drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bappa Maiti
- Department of Organic Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development, and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India.,Director's Research Unit and ∥Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Organic Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development, and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India.,Director's Research Unit and ∥Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Parikshit Moitra
- Department of Organic Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development, and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India.,Director's Research Unit and ∥Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Paturu Kondaiah
- Department of Organic Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development, and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India.,Director's Research Unit and ∥Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development, and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India.,Director's Research Unit and ∥Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700032, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Maiti B, Kamra M, Karande AA, Bhattacharya S. Transfection efficiencies of α-tocopherylated cationic gemini lipids with hydroxyethyl bearing headgroups under high serum conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:1983-1993. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02835k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liposomal gene transfection under high serum conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bappa Maiti
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560012
- India
- Director's Research Unit
| | - Mohini Kamra
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560012
- India
| | - Anjali A. Karande
- Department of Biochemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560012
- India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560012
- India
- Director's Research Unit
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Muripiti V, Rachamalla HK, Banerjee R, Patri SV. α-Tocopherol-based cationic amphiphiles with a novel pH sensitive hybrid linker for gene delivery. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:2932-2946. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00276b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Endosomal escape is one of the barriers for the efficient liposomal gene delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rajkumar Banerjee
- Center for Chemical Biology
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500607
- India
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li B, Guo W, Zhang F, Liu M, Wang S, Liu Z, Xiang S, Zeng Y. Synthesis and evaluation of L-arabinose-based cationic glycolipids as effective vectors for pDNA and siRNA in vitro. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180276. [PMID: 28672000 PMCID: PMC5495346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycolipids might become a new type of promising non-viral gene delivery systems because of their low cytotoxicity, structural diversity, controllable aqua- and lipo-solubility, appropriate density and distribution of positive charges, high transfer efficiency and potential targeting function. In this study, four kinds of L-arabinose-based cationic glycolipids (Ara-DiC12MA, Ara-DiC14MA, Ara-DiC16MA and Ara-DiC18MA) containing quaternary ammonium as hydrophilic headgroup and two alkane chains as hydrophobic domain were synthesized and characterized. They were observed to have strong affinities for plasmid DNA (pDNA) and siRNA, the pDNA can be completely condensed at N/P ratio less than 2, and the siRNA can be completely retarded at N/P ratio less than 3. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiment and atomic force microscopy (AFM) experiment demonstrated that cationic lipids and their lipoplexes possessed suitable particle sizes with near-spherical shape and proper ζ-potentials for cell transfection. The Ara-DiC16MA liposome was found to have good transfection efficacy in HEK293, PC-3 and Mat cells compared with other three kinds of liposomes, and also maintain low cytotoxicity and better uptake capability in vitro. Furthermore, the gene silencing assay showed that Ara-DiC14MA and Ara-DiC16MA liposomes have demonstrated effective delivery and higher gene knockdown activity (>80%) in the above mentioned cells than Lipofectamine 2000. These results indicated Ara-DiC16MA can be developed for efficient and low toxic gene delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Wanrong Guo
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Meiyan Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Shang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of State Education Ministry of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- The National &Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Shuanglin Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of State Education Ministry of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Youlin Zeng
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu Q, Su RC, Yi WJ, Zheng LT, Lu SS, Zhao ZG. pH and reduction dual-responsive dipeptide cationic lipids with α-tocopherol hydrophobic tail for efficient gene delivery. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 129:1-11. [PMID: 28214630 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A series of tocopherol-based cationic lipid 3a-3f bearing a pH-sensitive imidazole moiety in the dipeptide headgroup and a reduction-responsive disulfide linkage were designed and synthesized. Acid-base titration of these lipids showed good buffering capacities. The liposomes formed from 3 and co-lipid 1, 2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) could efficiently bind and condense DNA into nanoparticles. Gel binding and HPLC assays confirmed the encapsulated DNA could release from lipoplexes 3 upon addition of 10 mM glutathione (GSH). MTT assays in HEK 293 cells demonstrated that lipoplexes 3 had low cytotoxicity. The in vitro gene transfection studies showed cationic dipeptide headgroups clearly affected the transfection efficiency (TE), and arginine-histidine based dipeptide lipid 3f give the best TE, which was 30.4 times higher than Lipofectamine 3000 in the presence of 10% serum. Cell-uptake assays indicated that basic amino acid containing dipeptide cationic lipids exhibited more efficient cell uptake than serine and aromatic amino acids based dipeptide lipids. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) studies corroborated that 3 could efficiently deliver and release DNA into the nuclei of HeLa cells. These results suggest that tocopherol-based dipeptide cationic lipids with pH and reduction dual-sensitive characteristics might be promising non-viral gene delivery vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| | - Rong-Chuan Su
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Yi
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Li-Ting Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Shan-Shan Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
He C, Wang S, Liu M, Zhao C, Xiang S, Zeng Y. Design, synthesis and in vitro evaluation of d-glucose-based cationic glycolipids for gene delivery. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:1611-22. [PMID: 26670704 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02107c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A cationic lipid consists of a hydrophilic headgroup, backbone and hydrophobic tails which have an immense influence on the transfection efficiency of the lipid. In this paper, two novel series of cationic cyclic glycolipids with a quaternary ammonium headgroup and different-length hydrophobic tails (dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl) have been designed and synthesized for gene delivery. One contains lipids 1-3 with two hydrophobic alkyl chains linked to the glucose ring directly via an ether link. The other contains lipids 4-6 with two hydrophobic chains on the positively charged nitrogen atoms. All of the lipids were characterized for their ability to bind to DNA, size, ζ-potential, and toxicity. Atomic force microscopy showed that the lipids and DNA-lipid complexes were sphere-like forms. The lipids were used to transfer enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP-C3) to HEK293 cells without a helper lipid, the results indicated that lipids 4-6 have better transfection efficiency, in particular lipids 5-6 have similar or better efficiency, compared with the commercial transfection reagent lipofectamine 2000.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengxi He
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P. R. China.
| | - Shang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of State Education Ministry of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P. R. China
| | - Meiyan Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P. R. China.
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P. R. China.
| | - Shuanglin Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of State Education Ministry of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P. R. China
| | - Youlin Zeng
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gosangi M, Mujahid TY, Gopal V, Patri SV. Effects of heterocyclic-based head group modifications on the structure–activity relationship of tocopherol-based lipids for non-viral gene delivery. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:6857-70. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00974c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy, a promising strategy for the delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids, is greatly dependent on the development of efficient vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vijaya Gopal
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ruddraraju KV, Parsons ZD, Llufrio EM, Frost NL, Gates KS. Reactions of 1,3-Diketones with a Dipeptide Isothiazolidin-3-one: Toward Agents That Covalently Capture Oxidized Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B. J Org Chem 2015; 80:12015-26. [PMID: 26517018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a validated therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes; however, the enzyme has been classified by some as an "undruggable target". Here we describe studies directed toward the development of agents that covalently capture the sulfenyl amide "oxoform" of PTP1B generated during insulin signaling events. The sulfenyl amide residue found in oxidized PTP1B presents a unique electrophilic sulfur center that may be exploited in drug and probe design. Covalent capture of oxidized PTP1B could permanently disable the intracellular pool of enzyme involved in regulation of insulin signaling. Here, we employed a dipeptide model of oxidized PTP1B to investigate the nucleophilic capture of the sulfenyl amide residue by structurally diverse 1,3-diketones. All of the 1,3-diketones examined here reacted readily with the electrophilic sulfur center in the sulfenyl amide residue to generate stable covalent attachments. Several different types of products were observed, depending upon the substituents present on the 1,3-diketone. The results provide a chemical foundation for the development of agents that covalently capture the oxidized form of PTP1B generated in cells during insulin signaling events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zachary D Parsons
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri , 125 Chemistry Building, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Elizabeth M Llufrio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri , 125 Chemistry Building, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Natasha L Frost
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri , 125 Chemistry Building, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Kent S Gates
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri , 125 Chemistry Building, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zheng LT, Yi WJ, Su RC, Liu Q, Zhao ZG. Reducible Amino Acid Based Cationic Lipids as Highly Efficient and Serum-Tolerant Gene Vectors. Chempluschem 2015; 81:125-134. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201500307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ting Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering; Southwest University for Nationalities; Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jing Yi
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering; Southwest University for Nationalities; Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Rong-Chuan Su
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering; Southwest University for Nationalities; Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering; Southwest University for Nationalities; Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering; Southwest University for Nationalities; Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Miryala B, Zhen Z, Potta T, Breneman CM, Rege K. Parallel Synthesis and Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship (QSAR) Modeling of Aminoglycoside-Derived Lipopolymers for Transgene Expression. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 1:656-668. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhavani Miryala
- Chemical
Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-6106, United States
| | - Zhuo Zhen
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Thrimoorthy Potta
- Chemical
Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-6106, United States
| | - Curt M. Breneman
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Kaushal Rege
- Chemical
Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-6106, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yi WJ, Zheng LT, Su RC, Liu Q, Zhao ZG. Amino Acid-Based Cationic Lipids With α
-Tocopherol Hydrophobic Tail for Efficient Gene Delivery. Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 86:1192-202. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Yi
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering; Southwest University for Nationalities; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Li-Ting Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering; Southwest University for Nationalities; Chengdu 610041 China
| | | | - Qiang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering; Southwest University for Nationalities; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering; Southwest University for Nationalities; Chengdu 610041 China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang HJ, He X, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Liu YH, Yu XQ. Hydroxyl-containing non-viral lipidic gene vectors with macrocyclic polyamine headgroups. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09617k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene transfection abilities and structure–activity relationship of the newly designed hydroxyl-containing cationic lipids were studied in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- PR China
| | - Xi He
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- PR China
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- PR China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- PR China
| | - Yan-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- PR China
| | - Xiao-Qi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- PR China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang YM, Liu YH, Zhang J, Liu Q, Huang Z, Yu XQ. Cationic gemini lipids with cyclen headgroups: interaction with DNA and gene delivery abilities. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05974c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Eleven Gemini cationic lipids and one mono counterpart were synthesized, and their structure–activity relationship as non-viral gene vectors was studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Mei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Yan-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kedika B, Patri SV. Benzothiazole head group based cationic lipids: synthesis and application for gene delivery. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 74:703-16. [PMID: 24262373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of benzothiazole based lipids (1-10) containing different derivatives of benzothiazole in the head group region were synthesized to determine the structure-activity relationship for gene delivery. The liposomes formulated were mixed with plasmid DNA encoding green fluorescent protein (α5GFP) or β-galactosidase (pCMV-SPORT-β-gal) and transfected into B16F10 (Human melanoma cancer cells), CHO (Chinese hamster ovary), A-549 (Human lung carcinoma cells) and MCF-7 (Human breast carcinoma cells) types of cell lines. The efficiencies of lipids 9 and 10 in particular, were found to be comparable and even more when compared to that of LipofectAmine-2000. The transfection profiles of the efficient lipids are proved to be maintained even in the presence of serum. Thus, the benzothiazole head group based lipids developed have the potential to be used as transfection reagents in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhavani Kedika
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Warangal 506004, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Srilakshmi V Patri
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Warangal 506004, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Liu Q, Yi WJ, Zhang YM, Zhang J, Guo L, Yu XQ. Biotinylated cyclen-contained cationic lipids as non-viral gene delivery vectors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2013; 82:376-83. [PMID: 23659653 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1, 4, 7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane (cyclen)-based cationic lipids, namely 5a-c bearing a biotin moiety and a variety of end groups (cholesterol, diosgenin, and α-tocopherol) via biodegradable carbamate bond linkage were prepared and applied as non-viral gene delivery vectors. The liposomes formed from 5 and dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine could bind and condense plasmid DNA into nanoparticles with appropriate size and zeta potentials. All biotinylated cyclen cationic lipids showed higher cell viability than commercially available lipofectamine 2000 even at high N/P ratios, while their transfection efficiency was relatively lower. Further, results indicate that among the three lipids, α-tocopherol-containing compound 5c has higher DNA-binding ability, lower cytotoxicity, and higher transfection efficiency. Transfection in two different cell lines revealed that these lipoplexes have higher gene delivery efficiency toward tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu Q, Jiang QQ, Yi WJ, Zhang J, Zhang XC, Wu MB, Zhang YM, Zhu W, Yu XQ. Novel imidazole-functionalized cyclen cationic lipids: Synthesis and application as non-viral gene vectors. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:3105-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|