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Andreani T, Cheng R, Elbadri K, Ferro C, Menezes T, Dos Santos MR, Pereira CM, Santos HA. Natural compounds-based nanomedicines for cancer treatment: Future directions and challenges. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01649-z. [PMID: 39003425 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01649-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Several efforts have been extensively accomplished for the amelioration of the cancer treatments using different types of new drugs and less invasives therapies in comparison with the traditional therapeutic modalities, which are widely associated with numerous drawbacks, such as drug resistance, non-selectivity and high costs, restraining their clinical response. The application of natural compounds for the prevention and treatment of different cancer cells has attracted significant attention from the pharmaceuticals and scientific communities over the past decades. Although the use of nanotechnology in cancer therapy is still in the preliminary stages, the application of nanotherapeutics has demonstrated to decrease the various limitations related to the use of natural compounds, such as physical/chemical instability, poor aqueous solubility, and low bioavailability. Despite the nanotechnology has emerged as a promise to improve the bioavailability of the natural compounds, there are still limited clinical trials performed for their application with various challenges required for the pre-clinical and clinical trials, such as production at an industrial level, assurance of nanotherapeutics long-term stability, physiological barriers and safety and regulatory issues. This review highlights the most recent advances in the nanocarriers for natural compounds secreted from plants, bacteria, fungi, and marine organisms, as well as their role on cell signaling pathways for anticancer treatments. Additionally, the clinical status and the main challenges regarding the natural compounds loaded in nanocarriers for clinical applications were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Andreani
- Chemistry Research Centre (CIQUP) and Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- GreenUPorto-Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Inov4Agro, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ruoyu Cheng
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, The Personalized Medicine Research Institute Groningen (PRECISION), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Khalil Elbadri
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Claudio Ferro
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.Ulisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Thacilla Menezes
- Chemistry Research Centre (CIQUP) and Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mayara R Dos Santos
- Chemistry Research Centre (CIQUP) and Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos M Pereira
- Chemistry Research Centre (CIQUP) and Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, The Personalized Medicine Research Institute Groningen (PRECISION), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Eranti B, Yiragamreddy PR, Kunnatur Balasundara K. Development and Characterization of Novel Chitosan-Coated Curcumin Nanophytosomes for Treating Drug-Resistant Malaria. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2024; 22:18-27. [PMID: 38150563 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2023.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at enhancing the efficacy of curcumin (CR) by formulating and coating it with chitosan. In silico molecular docking studies revealed that CR exhibited almost similar and low binding energies when compared to artemisinin, indicating high stability at the target site. It can be confirmed that CR is effective in treating and reducing Plasmodium falciparum parasites. Fourier transform infrared studies confirmed that there was a shift and disappearance of some drug peaks in the formulation which revealed complexation with phospholipids. The F2EXT3-developed formulation exhibited greater solubility (24.31 ± 3.47 μg/mL) when compared to pure CR (7.99 ± 1.95 μg/mL). Proton nuclear magnetic resonance studies confirmed the formation of Curcumin-phospholipid hydrogen bonding in F2EXT3. The in vitro drug release studies revealed that the developed formulation F2EXT3 exhibited better drug release at 71.98% at 48 h; this might be due to the effective entrapment efficiency of the drug inside the phospholipid, presence of polyethylene glycol 4000 and chitosan further assisted in sustained release of the drug. Scanning electron microscopy studies revealed that optimized F2EXT3 CR nanophytosomes were nearly spherical with narrow size distribution and smooth surface. The zeta potential of the F2EXT3 showed -3.5 mV. Stability studies revealed that the formulation remained stable even after 6 months. It was observed from the hemin assay that CR and F2EXT3 exhibited (50 μg/mL curcumin) exhibited IC50 values of 47 ± 2.45 and 22 ± 1.58 μM, respectively. Further in vivo antimalarial activity on resistant and sensitive strains needs to be performed to evaluate the efficacy of the developed formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargav Eranti
- Research Scholar, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
- RERDS-CPR, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Campus, Anantapuramu, India
| | | | - Koteshwara Kunnatur Balasundara
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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3
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Wu S, Liao D, Li X, Liu Z, Zhang L, Mo FM, Hu S, Xia J, Yang X. Endogenous Oleoylethanolamide Crystals Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles with Enhanced Hydrophobic Drug Loading Capacity for Efficient Stroke Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 16:8103-8115. [PMID: 34992362 PMCID: PMC8710526 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s344318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although the preparation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) achieves great success, their retention of highly hydrophobic drugs is still problematic. Methods Herein, we report a novel strategy for efficiently loading hydrophobic drugs to LNPs for stroke therapy. Oleoylethanolamide (OEA), an endogenous highly hydrophobic molecule with outstanding neuroprotective effect, was successfully loaded to OEA-SPC&DSPE-PEG lipid nanoparticles (OSDP LNPs) with a drug loading of 15.9 ± 1.2 wt%. Efficient retention in OSDP LNPs greatly improved the pharmaceutical property and enhanced the neuroprotective effect of OEA. Results Through the data of positron emission tomography (PET) and TTC-stained brain slices, it could be clearly visualized that the acute ischemic brain tissues were preserved as penumbral tissues and bounced back with reperfusion. The in vivo experiments stated that OSDP LNPs could significantly improve the survival rate, the behavioral score, the cerebral infarct volume, the edema degree, the spatial learning and memory ability of the MCAO (middle cerebral artery occlusion) rats. Discussion These results suggest that the OSDP LNPs have a great chance to develop hydrophobic OEA into a potential anti-stroke formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine (PET Center), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology of National Health Commission, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Liao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeyu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Fong Ming Mo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine (PET Center), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology of National Health Commission, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine (PET Center), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology of National Health Commission, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Xia
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangrui Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine (PET Center), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology of National Health Commission, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
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Susilawati Y, Chaerunisa AY, Purwaningsih H. Phytosome drug delivery system for natural cosmeceutical compounds: Whitening agent and skin antioxidant agent. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2021; 12:327-334. [PMID: 34820305 PMCID: PMC8588919 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_100_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants have been used as traditional medicine since ancient times for treating the diseases, metabolite active compounds from plants have excellent bioactivity, and pharmacological properties from plants are used as skin whitening agent and antioxidant in multiple mechanisms of action. However, these compounds have physicochemical limitations in terms of its poor solubility and penetration into the cells membrane. Phytosome drug delivery system can be the primary choice to improve the physicochemical properties, which allows increasing the effectiveness. This review aimed to summarize and discuss the phytosome formulations of potential active compounds as skin whitening agent and skin antioxidant, which obtained from Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. We assessed that the main purpose of these phytosome formulations was to improve penetration, stability, and solubility of the active compounds. These studies proved that phytosome formulations can improve the physicochemical characteristics and effectiveness of compounds. The phytosome drug delivery system becomes a promising modification technique for natural compounds due to the ability to improve the physicochemical properties and increase the effectiveness. Phytosome formulation could be the excellent approach for cosmeceutical product with good effectivity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmiwar Susilawati
- Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Anis Yohana Chaerunisa
- Pharmaceutical and Technology Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Hesti Purwaningsih
- Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
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Carrion CC, Nasrollahzadeh M, Sajjadi M, Jaleh B, Soufi GJ, Iravani S. Lignin, lipid, protein, hyaluronic acid, starch, cellulose, gum, pectin, alginate and chitosan-based nanomaterials for cancer nanotherapy: Challenges and opportunities. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 178:193-228. [PMID: 33631269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although nanotechnology-driven drug delivery systems are relatively new, they are rapidly evolving since the nanomaterials are deployed as effective means of diagnosis and delivery of assorted therapeutic agents to targeted intracellular sites in a controlled release manner. Nanomedicine and nanoparticulate drug delivery systems are rapidly developing as they play crucial roles in the development of therapeutic strategies for various types of cancer and malignancy. Nevertheless, high costs, associated toxicity and production of complexities are some of the critical barriers for their applications. Green nanomedicines have continually been improved as one of the viable approaches towards tumor drug delivery, thus making a notable impact on which considerably affect cancer treatment. In this regard, the utilization of natural and renewable feedstocks as a starting point for the fabrication of nanosystems can considerably contribute to the development of green nanomedicines. Nanostructures and biopolymers derived from natural and biorenewable resources such as proteins, lipids, lignin, hyaluronic acid, starch, cellulose, gum, pectin, alginate, and chitosan play vital roles in the development of cancer nanotherapy, imaging and management. This review uncovers recent investigations on diverse nanoarchitectures fabricated from natural and renewable feedstocks for the controlled/sustained and targeted drug/gene delivery systems against cancers including an outlook on some of the scientific challenges and opportunities in this field. Various important natural biopolymers and nanomaterials for cancer nanotherapy are covered and the scientific challenges and opportunities in this field are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Carrillo Carrion
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, Ctra Nnal IV-A Km. 396, E-14014 Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Mohaddeseh Sajjadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom 37185-359, Iran
| | - Babak Jaleh
- Department of Physics, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65174 Hamedan, Iran
| | | | - Siavash Iravani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Silindir-Gunay M, Karpuz M, Ozer AY. Targeted Alpha Therapy and Nanocarrier Approach. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 35:446-458. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mine Silindir-Gunay
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Karpuz
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - A. Yekta Ozer
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Poudel K, Gautam M, Maharjan S, Jeong JH, Choi HG, Khan GM, Yong CS, Kim JO. Dual stimuli-responsive ursolic acid-embedded nanophytoliposome for targeted antitumor therapy. Int J Pharm 2020; 582:119330. [PMID: 32298743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The hindrances in achieving clinically translatable anticancer platforms are being tackled through nanotechnology-based formulations. In this study, stimuli-responsive, phytoactive constituent-loaded nanophytoliposomes were fabricated for designing a specific antitumor platform. Ursolic acid (UA)-loaded nanophytoliposomes (UA-PLL-HA.P) enwrapped in a poly-L-lysine (PLL) coat and hyaluronic acid (HA) were nanosized; these nanophytoliposomes had spherical morphology, slightly negative charge, and an in-range polydispersity index (~0.25). Successful fabrication of the nanosystem was proven through several characterization methods and the pH- and enzyme-responsiveness of the nanosystem was assessed through a release study. The cellular internalization in CD44 receptor-expressing cell lines was amplified by enhanced permeation and retention as well as by active targeting. In vitro antitumor behavior was confirmed through in vitro cytotoxic and apoptotic activity of the nanosystem. Similarly, in vivo imaging showed exceptional biodistribution in the tumor in agreement with the in vitro findings. Moreover, the tumor inhibitory rate of UA-PLL-HA.P was significantly higher, and was ascribed to the targeting potential and stimuli-responsiveness. In summary, UA-PLL-HA.P exhibited pronounced anticancer effect and could open a number of possibilities for discovering novel phytoconstituent-incorporated nanoformulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishwor Poudel
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Milan Gautam
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Srijan Maharjan
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Heon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Gon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 55, Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Gulam Muhammad Khan
- Pokhara University Research Centre (PURC), Pokhara University, Dhungepatan, Lekhnath-12, Kaski, Nepal
| | - Chul Soon Yong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Oh Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Nanotechnological breakthroughs in the development of topical phytocompounds-based formulations. Int J Pharm 2019; 572:118787. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Surface engineering of nanomaterials with phospholipid-polyethylene glycol-derived functional conjugates for molecular imaging and targeted therapy. Biomaterials 2019; 230:119646. [PMID: 31787335 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, phospholipid-polyethylene glycol-derived functional conjugates have been widely employed to decorate different nanomaterials, due to their excellent biocompatibility, long blood circulation characteristics, and specific targeting capability. Numerous in vivo studies have demonstrated that nanomedicines peripherally engineered with phospholipid-polyethylene glycol-derived functional conjugates show significantly increased selective and efficient internalization by target cells/tissues. Targeting moieties including small-molecule ligands, peptides, proteins, and antibodies are generally conjugated onto PEGylated phospholipids to decorate liposomes, micelles, hybrid nanoparticles, nanocomplexes, and nanoemulsions for targeted delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic agents to diseased sites. In this review, the synthesis methods of phospholipid-polyethylene glycol-derived functional conjugates, biophysicochemical properties of nanomedicines decorated with these conjugates, factors dominating their targeting efficiency, as well as their applications for in vivo molecular imaging and targeted therapy were summarized and discussed.
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Varshosaz J, Sarrami N, Aghaei M, Aliomrani M, Azizi R. LHRH Targeted Chonderosomes of Mitomycin C in Breast Cancer: An In Vitro/ In Vivo Study. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:1405-1417. [PMID: 30987576 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190415165849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitomycin C (MMC) is an anti-cancer drug used for the treatment of breast cancer with limited therapeutic index, extreme gastric adverse effects and bone marrow suppression. The purpose of the present study was the preparation of a dual-targeted delivery system of MMC for targeting CD44 and LHRH overexpressed receptors of breast cancer. METHODS MMC loaded LHRH targeted chonderosome was prepared by precipitation method and was characterized for their physicochemical properties. Cell cycle arrest and cytotoxicity tests were studied on cell lines of MCF-7, MDA-MB231 and 4T1 (as CD44 and LHRH positive cells) and BT-474 cell line (as CD44 negative receptor cells). The in vivo histopathology and antitumor activity of MMC-loaded chonderosomes were compared with free MMC in 4T1 cells inducing breast cancer in Balb-c mice. RESULTS MMC loaded LHRH targeted chonderosomes caused 3.3 and 5.5 fold more cytotoxicity on MCF-7 and 4T1 cells than free MMC at concentrations of 100μM and 10μM, respectively. However, on BT-474 cells the difference was insignificant. The cell cycle test showed no change for MMC mechanism of action when it was loaded in chonderosomes compared to free MMC. The in vivo antitumor studies showed that MMC loaded LHRH targeted chonderosomes were 6.5 fold more effective in the reduction of tumor volume than free MMC with the most severe necrosis compared to non-targeted chonderosomes in pathological studies on harvested tumors. CONCLUSION The developed MMC loaded LHRH targeted chonderosomes were more effective in tumor growth suppression and may be promising for targeted delivery of MMC in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaleh Varshosaz
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nasim Sarrami
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Aghaei
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Aliomrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Azizi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Wang Y, Chen X, He D, Zhou Y, Qin L. Surface-Modified Nanoerythrocyte Loading DOX for Targeted Liver Cancer Chemotherapy. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:5728-5740. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuemin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Dahua He
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- The College of Pharmaceutics Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510436, China
| | - Linghao Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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12
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Wang GH, Chen H, Cai YY, Li L, Yang HK, Li Q, He ZJ, Lin JT. Efficient gene vector with size changeable and nucleus targeting in cancer therapy. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 90:568-575. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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13
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Singh RP, Gangadharappa HV, Mruthunjaya K. Phytosome complexed with chitosan for gingerol delivery in the treatment of respiratory infection: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 122:214-229. [PMID: 29966737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory infection is a viral spreading disease and a common issue, particularly in kids. The treatments are available but have so many limitations because the drawback of this disease is more morbidity and mortality in the severely immune compromised. Even, the phyto-constituent antibacterial drug Gingerol was selected to treat respiratory infection but it exhibits low bioavailability profile, less aqueous-solubility issue and most important is rapidly eliminated from the body. To overcome these problems, novel drug delivery (nanoparticle) based phytosome complexed with chitosan approach was implemented. In this research work, the phytosome (GP) was prepared by blending of gingerol with soya lecithin in organic solvent using anti-solvent precipitation technique and it was further loaded in the aqueous solution of chitosan to formulate the phytosome complexed with chitosan (GLPC). To optimize the formulations of gingerol, it was characterized for percentage yield, percentage entrapment efficiency, drug loading and particle size, physical compatibility studies etc. which demonstrated the confirmation of complex of GLPC with soya lecithin and chitosan. The % entrapment efficiency and % drug loading of GLPC was found (86.02 ± 0.18%, 08.26 ± 0.72%) and of GP (84.36 ± 0.42%, 08.05 ± 0.03%), respectively. The average particle size and zeta potential of GLPC and GP were 254.01 ± 0.05 nm (-13.11 mV), and 431.21 ± 0.90 nm (-17.53 mV), respectively which confirm the inhibition of particle aggregation by using chitosan in complex. The in vitro release rate of GP (86.03 ± 0.06%) was slower than GLPC (88.93 ± 0.33%) in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer up to 24 h by diffusion process (Korsmeyer Peppas model). The optimized GLPC and GP were shown irregular particle shapes & spherical and oval structures with smooth surface by SEM analysis. Furthermore, GLPC has shown the potent in vitro antioxidant activity, susceptible antibacterial activity and effective anti-inflammatory activity as compared to GP against stress, microbial infection and inflammation which were causable reason for the respiratory infections. GLPC has improved the significant bioavailability and also correlated the hematological values on rabbit blood against the incubation of microorganisms. Thus, the prepared nanoparticle based approach to deliver the gingerol, has the combined effect of chitosan and phytosome which shown better sustained-release profile and also prolonging the oral absorption rate of gingerol with effective antibacterial activity to treat respiratory infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudra Pratap Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - H V Gangadharappa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India.
| | - K Mruthunjaya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
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Mota AH, Rijo P, Molpeceres J, Reis CP. Broad overview of engineering of functional nanosystems for skin delivery. Int J Pharm 2017; 532:710-728. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Gnananath K, Sri Nataraj K, Ganga Rao B. Phospholipid Complex Technique for Superior Bioavailability of Phytoconstituents. Adv Pharm Bull 2017; 7:35-42. [PMID: 28507935 PMCID: PMC5426732 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2017.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytoconstituents have been utilized as medicines for thousands of years, yet their application is limited owing to major hurdles like deficit lipid solubility, large molecular size and degradation in the gastric environment of gut. Recently, phospholipid-complex technique has unveiled in addressing these stumbling blocks either by enhancing the solubilizing capacity or its potentiating ability to pass through the biological membranes and it also protects the active herbal components from degradation. Hence, this phospholipid-complex-technique can enable researchers to deliver the phytoconstituents into systemic circulation by using certain conventional dosage forms like tablets and capsules. This review highlights the unique property of phospholipids in drug delivery, their role as adjuvant in health benefits, and their application in the herbal medicine systems to improve the bioavailability of active herbal components. Also we summarize the prerequisites for phytosomes preparation like the selection of type of phytoconstituents, solvents used, various methods employed in phytosomal preparation and its characterization. Further we discuss the key findings of recent research work conducted on phospholipid-based delivery systems which can enable new directions and advancements to the development of herbal dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kattamanchi Gnananath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram-534202, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kalakonda Sri Nataraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram-534202, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Battu Ganga Rao
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vishakhapatnam-530003, Andhra Pradesh, India
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17
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Ma K, Fu D, Yu D, Cui C, Wang L, Guo Z, Mao C. Targeted delivery of in situ PCR-amplified Sleeping Beauty transposon genes to cancer cells with lipid-based nanoparticle-like protocells. Biomaterials 2017; 121:55-63. [PMID: 28081459 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system is made of a transposon plasmid (containing gene encoding a desired functional or therapeutic protein) and a transposase plasmid (encoding an enzyme capable of cutting and pasting the gene into the host cell genome). It is a kind of natural, nonviral gene delivery vehicle, which can achieve efficient genomic insertion, providing long-term transgenic expression. However, before the SB transposon system could play a role in promoting gene expression, it has to be delivered efficiently first across cell membrane and then into cell nuclei. Towards this end, we used a nanoparticle-like lipid-based protocell, a closed bilayer of the neutral lipids with the DNA encapsulated inside, to deliver the SB transposon system to cancer cells. The SB transposon system was amplified in situ inside the protocells by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process, realizing more efficient loading and delivery of the target gene. To reach a high transfection efficiency, we introduced two targeting moieties, folic acid (FA) as a cancer cell-targeting motif and Dexamethasone (DEX) as a nuclear localization signaling molecule, into the protocells. As a result, the FA enabled the modified targeting protocells to deliver the DNA into the cancer cells with an increased efficiency and the DEX promoted the DNA to translocate to cell nuclei, eventually leading to the increased chromosome insertion efficiency of the SB transposon. In vivo study strongly suggested that the transfection efficiency of FA-modified protocells in the tumor tissue was much higher than that in other tissues, which was consistent with the in vitro results. Our studies implied that with the targeting ligand modification, the protocells could be utilized as an efficient targeting gene carrier. Since the protocells were made of neutral lipids without cationic charges, the cytotoxicity of protocells was significantly lower than that of traditional cationic gene carriers such as cationic liposomes and polyethylenimine, enabling the protocells to be employed in a wider dosage range in gene therapy. Our work shows that the protocells are a promising gene carrier for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ma
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, OK, 73019, USA.
| | - Duo Fu
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, China
| | - Dongli Yu
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, China
| | - Changhao Cui
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, China
| | - Zhaoming Guo
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, China
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, OK, 73019, USA; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China.
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18
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Salvador-Morales C, Brahmbhatt B, Márquez-Miranda V, Araya-Duran I, Canan J, Gonzalez-Nilo F, Vilos C, Cebral J, Mut F, Lohner R, Leong B, Sundaresan G, Zweit J. Mechanistic Studies on the Self-Assembly of PLGA Patchy Particles and Their Potential Applications in Biomedical Imaging. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:7929-7942. [PMID: 27468612 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Currently, several challenges prevent poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) particles from reaching clinical settings. Among these is a lack of understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of these particles. We have been studying in depth the formation of patchy polymeric particles. These particles are made of PLGA and lipid-polymer functional groups. They have unique patch-core-shell structural features: hollow or solid hydrophobic cores and a patchy surface. Previously, we identified the shear stress as the most important parameter in a patchy particle's formation. Here, we investigated in detail the role of shear stress in the patchy particle's internal and external structure using an integrative experimental and computational approach. By cross-sectioning the multipatch particles, we found lipid-based structures embedded in the entire PLGA matrix, which represents a unique finding in the PLGA field. By developing novel computational fluid dynamics and molecular dynamics simulations, we found that the shear stress determines the internal structure of the patchy particles. Equally important, we discovered that these particles emit a photoacoustic (PA) signal in the optical clinical imaging window. Our results show that particles with multiple patches emit a higher PA signal than single-patch particles. This phenomenon most likely is due to the fact that multipatchy particles absorb more heat than single-patchy particles as shown by differential scanning calorimetry analysis. Furthermore, we demonstrated the use of patchy polymeric particles as photoacoustic molecular probes both in vitro and in vivo studies. The fundamental studies described here will help us to design more effective PLGA carriers for a number of medical applications as well as to accelerate their medical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Salvador-Morales
- Bioengineering Department, George Mason University , 4400 University Drive, MS 1G5, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
- Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University , 4400 University Drive, MS 2A1, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Binal Brahmbhatt
- Bioengineering Department, George Mason University , 4400 University Drive, MS 1G5, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
- Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University , 4400 University Drive, MS 2A1, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - V Márquez-Miranda
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Andres Bello , Santiago, Chile 8370146
| | - I Araya-Duran
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Andres Bello , Santiago, Chile 8370146
| | - J Canan
- Fundación Fraunhofer Chile Research , M. Sanchez Fontecilla 310, Las Condes, Chile 7550296
| | - F Gonzalez-Nilo
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Andres Bello , Santiago, Chile 8370146
| | - C Vilos
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Andres Bello , Santiago, Chile 8370146
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Innovative Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello , Santiago, Chile 8370146
| | - J Cebral
- Bioengineering Department, George Mason University , 4400 University Drive, MS 1G5, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
- Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University , 4400 University Drive, MS 2A1, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - F Mut
- Bioengineering Department, George Mason University , 4400 University Drive, MS 1G5, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
- Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University , 4400 University Drive, MS 2A1, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - R Lohner
- Center for Computational Fluid Dynamics, College of Sciences, George Mason University , Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - B Leong
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - G Sundaresan
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - J Zweit
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
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19
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Hohenforst-Schmidt W, Zarogoulidis P, Pitsiou G, Linsmeier B, Tsavlis D, Kioumis I, Papadaki E, Freitag L, Tsiouda T, Turner JF, Browning R, Simoff M, Sachpekidis N, Tsakiridis K, Zaric B, Yarmus L, Baka S, Stratakos G, Rittger H. Drug Eluting Stents for Malignant Airway Obstruction: A Critical Review of the Literature. J Cancer 2016; 7:377-90. [PMID: 26918052 PMCID: PMC4749359 DOI: 10.7150/jca.13611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer being the most prevalent malignancy in men and the 3(rd) most frequent in women is still associated with dismal prognosis due to advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. Novel targeted therapies are already on the market and several others are under investigation. However non-specific cytotoxic agents still remain the cornerstone of treatment for many patients. Central airways stenosis or obstruction may often complicate and decrease quality of life and survival of these patients. Interventional pulmonology modalities (mainly debulking and stent placement) can alleviate symptoms related to airways stenosis and improve the quality of life of patients. Mitomycin C and sirolimus have been observed to assist a successful stent placement by reducing granuloma tissue formation. Additionally, these drugs enhance the normal tissue ability against cancer cell infiltration. In this mini review we will concentrate on mitomycin C and sirolimus and their use in stent placement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Zarogoulidis
- 2. Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, ``G. Papanikolaou`` General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgia Pitsiou
- 2. Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, ``G. Papanikolaou`` General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Bernd Linsmeier
- 3. Department of General Surgery, Coburg Clinic, Coburg, Germany
| | - Drosos Tsavlis
- 2. Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, ``G. Papanikolaou`` General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kioumis
- 2. Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, ``G. Papanikolaou`` General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Papadaki
- 2. Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, ``G. Papanikolaou`` General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lutz Freitag
- 4. Department of Interventional Pneumology, Ruhrlandklinik, University Hospital Essen, University of Essen-Duisburg, Tueschener Weg 40, 45239 Essen, Germany
| | - Theodora Tsiouda
- 2. Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, ``G. Papanikolaou`` General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - J Francis Turner
- 5. Division of Interventional Pulmonology & Medical Oncology, Cancer Treatment Centers of America, Western Regional Medical Center, Goodyear, AZ
| | - Robert Browning
- 6. Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Interventional Pulmonology, National Naval Medical Center, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Bethesda, U.S.A
| | - Michael Simoff
- 7. Bronchoscopy and Interventional Pulmonology, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, MI, USA
| | - Nikolaos Sachpekidis
- 8. Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, ``Saint Luke`` Private Hospital, Thessaloniki, Panorama, Greece
| | - Kosmas Tsakiridis
- 8. Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, ``Saint Luke`` Private Hospital, Thessaloniki, Panorama, Greece
| | - Bojan Zaric
- 9. Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Lonny Yarmus
- 10. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sheikh Zayed Cardiovascular & Critical Care Tower, Baltimore, U.S.A
| | - Sofia Baka
- 11. Oncology Department, ``Interbalkan`` European Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Grigoris Stratakos
- 12. 1st Respiratory Medicine Department of National University of Athens, "Sotiria" General Hospital Athens, Greece
| | - Harald Rittger
- 1. Medical Clinic I, ''Fuerth'' Hospital, University of Erlangen, Fuerth, Germany
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Li Y, Lin J, Liu G, Li Y, Song L, Fan Z, Zhu X, Su G, Hou Z. Self-assembly of multifunctional integrated nanoparticles loaded with a methotrexate–phospholipid complex: combining simplicity and efficacy in both targeting and anticancer effects. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17260a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly of multifunctional integrated nanoparticles loaded with methotrexate-phospholipid complex have both targeting and anticancer effect to FA receptors overexpressed cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiu Li
- Department of Biomaterials
- College of Materials
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Jinyan Lin
- Department of Biomaterials
- College of Materials
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Guihua Liu
- Department of Pharmacy
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Biomaterials
- College of Materials
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Liang Song
- Department of Biomaterials
- College of Materials
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Zhongxiong Fan
- Department of Biomaterials
- College of Materials
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Guanghao Su
- Institute of Pediatric Research
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University
- Suzhou 215025
- China
| | - Zhenqing Hou
- Department of Biomaterials
- College of Materials
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
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21
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Nogueira E, Gomes AC, Preto A, Cavaco-Paulo A. Design of liposomal formulations for cell targeting. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 136:514-26. [PMID: 26454541 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes have gained extensive attention as carriers for a wide range of drugs due to being both nontoxic and biodegradable as they are composed of substances naturally occurring in biological membranes. Active targeting for cells has explored specific modification of the liposome surface by functionalizing it with specific targeting ligands in order to increase accumulation and intracellular uptake into target cells. None of the Food and Drug Administration-licensed liposomes or lipid nanoparticles are coated with ligands or target moieties to delivery for homing drugs to target tissues, cells or subcellular organelles. Targeted therapies (with or without controlled drug release) are an emerging and relevant research area. Despite of the numerous liposomes reviews published in the last decades, this area is in constant development. Updates urgently needed to integrate new advances in targeted liposomes research. This review highlights the evolution of liposomes from passive to active targeting and challenges in the development of targeted liposomes for specific therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugénia Nogueira
- CBMA-Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Andreia C Gomes
- CBMA-Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Preto
- CBMA-Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Artur Cavaco-Paulo
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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Zhang G, Liu F, Jia E, Jia L, Zhang Y. Folate-modified, cisplatin-loaded lipid carriers for cervical cancer chemotherapy. Drug Deliv 2015; 23:1393-7. [PMID: 26165422 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2015.1054052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer chemotherapy calls for the efficiently delivery of anticancer drug into cancer cells by nanoparticles. In this study, folate (FA) modified, cisplatin (CIS)-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were constructed and evaluated. METHODS FA containing polyethylene glycol (PEG)-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE) (FA-PEG-DSPE) was synthesized. FA-PEG-DSPE modified, CIS-loaded NLCs (FA-CIS-NLCs) were prepared. Their particle size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency (EE) and in vitro delivery behavior were evaluated. In vitro cytotoxicity study of FA-CIS-NLCs was tested in human cervix adenocarcinoma cell line (HeLa cells). In vivo anti-tumor efficacies of the carriers were evaluated on a mice-bearing cervical cancer model. RESULTS The optimum FA-CIS-NLCs formulations have a particle size of 143.2 nm and a +25.7 mV surface charge. FA-CIS-NLCs displayed the best anti-tumor activity than other formulations in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated that FA-CIS-NLCs were efficient in selective delivery to cancer cells over-expressing FA receptors (FRs). FA-CIS-NLCs targeted transfer CIS to the cervical cancer cells, enhance the anti-tumor capacity. The novel constructed NLCs could function as outstanding nanocarriers for the delivery of drugs for the targeted treatment of cervical cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilian Zhang
- a Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , The Fourth People's Hospital of Ji'nan , Ji'nan, Shandong , People's Republic of China and
| | - Fengying Liu
- a Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , The Fourth People's Hospital of Ji'nan , Ji'nan, Shandong , People's Republic of China and
| | - Erxia Jia
- a Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , The Fourth People's Hospital of Ji'nan , Ji'nan, Shandong , People's Republic of China and
| | - Lin Jia
- b Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Ji'nan, Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Youzhong Zhang
- b Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Ji'nan, Shandong , People's Republic of China
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Lin J, Li Y, Li Y, Wu H, Yu F, Zhou S, Xie L, Luo F, Lin C, Hou Z. Drug/Dye-Loaded, Multifunctional PEG-Chitosan-Iron Oxide Nanocomposites for Methotraxate Synergistically Self-Targeted Cancer Therapy and Dual Model Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:11908-20. [PMID: 25978458 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional nanocomposites hold great potential to integrate therapeutic and diagnostic functions into a single nanoscale structure. In this paper, we prepared the MTX-PEG-CS-IONPs-Cy5.5 nanocomposites by functionalizing the surface of chitosan-decorated iron oxide nanoparticles (CS-IONPs) with polyethylene glycolated methotraxate (MTX-PEG) and near-infrared fluorescent cyanin dye (Cy5.5). A clinically useful PEGylated anticancer prodrug, MTX-PEG, was also developed as a tumor cell-specific targeting ligand for self-targeted cancer treatment. In such nanocomposites, the advantage was that the orthogonally functionalized, self-targeted MTX-PEG-CS-IONPs-Cy5.5 can synergistically combine an early phase selective tumor-targeting efficacy with a late-phase cancer-killing effect, which was also confirmed by dual model (magnetic resonance and fluorescence) imaging. Furthermore, with the aids of the folate (FA) receptor-mediated endocytosis (able to turn cellular uptake "off" in normal cells and "on" in cancer cells) and pH/intracellular protease-mediated hydrolyzing peptide bonds (able to turn drug release "off" in systemic circulation and "on" inside endo/lysosomes), the MTX-PEG-CS-IONPs-Cy5.5 could deliver MTX to FA receptors-overexpressed cancer cells, showing the improved anticancer activity with the reduced side effects. Together, the MTX-PEG-CS-IONPs-Cy5.5 could act as a highly convergent, flexible, and simplified system for dual model imaging and synergistically self-targeted cancer therapy, holding great promise for versatile biomedical applications in future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hongjie Wu
- §Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | | | | | - Liya Xie
- ⊥The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361002, China
| | - Fanghong Luo
- ∥Cancer Research Center, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | | | - Zhenqing Hou
- ◊Department of Physics, Changji University, Changji 831100, China
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Zhang D, Tao L, Zhao H, Yuan H, Lan M. A functional drug delivery platform for targeting and imaging cancer cells based on Pluronic F127. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2015; 26:468-82. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2015.1030136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Vitamin Bc
-Bearing Hydrophilic Photosensitizer Conjugate for Photodynamic Cancer Theranostics. Macromol Biosci 2015; 15:1081-90. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Chen Y, Liu JM, Xiong XX, Qiu XY, Pan F, Liu D, Lan SJ, Jin S, Yu SB, Chen XQ. Piperlongumine selectively kills hepatocellular carcinoma cells and preferentially inhibits their invasion via ROS-ER-MAPKs-CHOP. Oncotarget 2015; 6:6406-21. [PMID: 25788268 PMCID: PMC4467445 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) are highly malignant and aggressive tumors lack of effective therapeutic drugs. Piperlongumine (PL), a natural product isolated from longer pepper plants, is recently identified as a potent cytotoxic compound highly selective to cancer cells. Here, we reported that PL specifically suppressed HCC cell migration/invasion via endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-MAPKs-CHOP signaling pathway. PL selectively killed HCC cells but not normal hepatocytes with an IC50 of 10-20 µM while PL at much lower concentrations only suppressed HCC cell migration/invasion. PL selectively elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HCC cells, which activated or up-regulated downstream PERK/Ire 1α/Grp78, p38/JNK/Erk and CHOP subsequently. Administration of antioxidants completely abolished PL's effects on cell death and migration/invasion. However, pharmacological inhibition of ER stress-responses or MAPKs signaling pathways with corresponding specific inhibitors only reversed PL's effect on cell migration/invasion but not on cell death. Consistently, knocking-down of CHOP by RNA interference only reversed PL-suppressed HCC cell migration. Finally, PL significantly suppressed HCC development and activated the ER-MAPKs-CHOP signaling pathway in HCC xenografts in vivo. Taken together, PL selectively killed HCC cells and preferentially inhibited HCC cell migration/invasion via ROS-ER-MAPKs-CHOP axis, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy for the highly malignant and aggressive HCC clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Institute of Brain Research, Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ju Mei Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Institute of Brain Research, Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Xin Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Institute of Brain Research, Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Yao Qiu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Institute of Brain Research, Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu Jue Lan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Si Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shang Bin Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Institute of Brain Research, Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Qian Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Institute of Brain Research, Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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27
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Cui F, Lin J, Li Y, Li Y, Wu H, Yu F, Jia M, Yang X, Wu S, Xie L, Ye S, Luo F, Hou Z. Bacillus-Shape Design of Polymer Based Drug Delivery Systems with Janus-Faced Function for Synergistic Targeted Drug Delivery and More Effective Cancer Therapy. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:1318-27. [DOI: 10.1021/mp500464b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Cui
- Department
of Biomaterials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering, Institute
of Soft Matter and Biomimetics, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jinyan Lin
- Department
of Biomaterials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering, Institute
of Soft Matter and Biomimetics, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department
of Biomaterials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering, Institute
of Soft Matter and Biomimetics, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yanxiu Li
- Department
of Biomaterials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering, Institute
of Soft Matter and Biomimetics, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hongjie Wu
- Department
of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Mengmeng Jia
- Department
of Biomaterials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering, Institute
of Soft Matter and Biomimetics, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiangrui Yang
- Department
of Biomaterials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering, Institute
of Soft Matter and Biomimetics, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shichao Wu
- Department
of Biomaterials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering, Institute
of Soft Matter and Biomimetics, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Liya Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361002, China
| | - Shefang Ye
- Department
of Biomaterials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering, Institute
of Soft Matter and Biomimetics, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Fanghong Luo
- Cancer
Research Center, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhenqing Hou
- Department
of Biomaterials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering, Institute
of Soft Matter and Biomimetics, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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28
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Li Y, Lin J, Wu H, Chang Y, Yuan C, Liu C, Wang S, Hou Z, Dai L. Orthogonally Functionalized Nanoscale Micelles for Active Targeted Codelivery of Methotrexate and Mitomycin C with Synergistic Anticancer Effect. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:769-82. [DOI: 10.1021/mp5006068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- College
of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jinyan Lin
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- College
of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hongjie Wu
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ying Chang
- College
of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Conghui Yuan
- College
of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- College
of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- College
of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhenqing Hou
- College
of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lizong Dai
- College
of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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29
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Lin J, Li Y, Wu H, Yang X, Li Y, Ye S, Hou Z, Lin C. Tumor-targeted co-delivery of mitomycin C and 10-hydroxycamptothecin via micellar nanocarriers for enhanced anticancer efficacy. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra14602f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer–lipid hybrid micelles co-delivered hydrophilic mitomycin C and hydrophobic 10-hydroxycamptothecin showed improved cellular uptake and cytotoxicity in vitro and enhanced tumor accumulation and antitumor activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Lin
- Department of Biomaterials
- Research Center of Biomedical Engineering
- Institute of Soft Matter and Biomimetics
- College of Materials
- Xiamen University
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Biomaterials
- Research Center of Biomedical Engineering
- Institute of Soft Matter and Biomimetics
- College of Materials
- Xiamen University
| | - Hongjie Wu
- Department of Pharmacy
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361002
- China
| | - Xiangrui Yang
- Department of Biomaterials
- Research Center of Biomedical Engineering
- Institute of Soft Matter and Biomimetics
- College of Materials
- Xiamen University
| | - Yanxiu Li
- Department of Biomaterials
- Research Center of Biomedical Engineering
- Institute of Soft Matter and Biomimetics
- College of Materials
- Xiamen University
| | - Shefang Ye
- Department of Biomaterials
- Research Center of Biomedical Engineering
- Institute of Soft Matter and Biomimetics
- College of Materials
- Xiamen University
| | - Zhenqing Hou
- Department of Biomaterials
- Research Center of Biomedical Engineering
- Institute of Soft Matter and Biomimetics
- College of Materials
- Xiamen University
| | - Changjian Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
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30
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Yi Y, Li Y, Wu H, Jia M, Yang X, Wei H, Lin J, Wu S, Huang Y, Hou Z, Xie L. Single-step assembly of polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles for mitomycin C delivery. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:560. [PMID: 25324707 PMCID: PMC4198073 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitomycin C is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents for a wide spectrum of cancers, but its clinical use is still hindered by the mitomycin C (MMC) delivery systems. In this study, the MMC-loaded polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by a single-step assembly (ACS Nano 2012, 6:4955 to 4965) of MMC-soybean phosphatidyhlcholine (SPC) complex (Mol. Pharmaceutics 2013, 10:90 to 101) and biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) polymers for intravenous MMC delivery. The advantage of the MMC-SPC complex on the polymer-lipid hybrid NPs was that MMC-SPC was used as a structural element to offer the integrity of the hybrid NPs, served as a drug preparation to increase the effectiveness and safety and control the release of MMC, and acted as an emulsifier to facilitate and stabilize the formation. Compared to the PLA NPs/MMC, the PLA NPs/MMC-SPC showed a significant accumulation of MMC in the nuclei as the action site of MMC. The PLA NPs/MMC-SPC also exhibited a significantly higher anticancer effect compared to the PLA NPs/MMC or free MMC injection in vitro and in vivo. These results suggested that the MMC-loaded polymer-lipid hybrid NPs might be useful and efficient drug delivery systems for widening the therapeutic window of MMC and bringing the clinical use of MMC one step closer to reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Yi
- The Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hongjie Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Mengmeng Jia
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiangrui Yang
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Heng Wei
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jinyan Lin
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shichao Wu
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhenqing Hou
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Liya Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
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