1
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Bhandary S, Poli E, Teobaldi G, O’Regan DD. Dynamical Screening of Local Spin Moments at Metal-Molecule Interfaces. ACS NANO 2023; 17:5974-5983. [PMID: 36881865 PMCID: PMC10062023 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal phthalocyanine molecules have attracted considerable interest in the context of spintronics device development due to their amenability to diverse bonding regimes and their intrinsic magnetism. The latter is highly influenced by the quantum fluctuations that arise at the inevitable metal-molecule interface in a device architecture. In this study, we have systematically investigated the dynamical screening effects in phthalocyanine molecules hosting a series of transition-metal ions (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) in contact with the Cu(111) surface. Using comprehensive density functional theory plus Anderson's Impurity Model calculations, we show that the orbital-dependent hybridization and electron correlation together result in strong charge and spin fluctuations. While the instantaneous spin moments of the transition-metal ions are near atomic-like, we find that screening gives rise to considerable lowering or even quenching of these. Our results highlight the importance of quantum fluctuations in metal-contacted molecular devices, which may influence the results obtained from theoretical or experimental probes, depending on their possibly material-dependent characteristic sampling time-scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Bhandary
- School
of Physics and CRANN Institute, Trinity
College Dublin, The University
of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Emiliano Poli
- Scientific
Computing Department, STFC UKRI, Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Gilberto Teobaldi
- Scientific
Computing Department, STFC UKRI, Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
- School
of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield SO17 1BJ, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - David D. O’Regan
- School
of Physics and CRANN Institute, Trinity
College Dublin, The University
of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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2
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Christ A, Bode M, Leisegang M. Real-space resolved surface reactions: deprotonation and metalation of phthalocyanine. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:7681-7687. [PMID: 36857662 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05716f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Upon deposition on a surface, molecules can undergo a plethora of changes, such as reactions with adsorbates and surface atoms and catalytic decomposition. Since different reaction pathways may coexist, spatially averaging techniques can be insufficient for the characterization and distinction of all on-surface products. Here, we present a study of single phthalocyanine molecules on a Cu(111) surface which was performed using high-resolution low-temperature STM. Upon deposition of metal-free H2Pc, we can identify three distinct molecular species. A thorough investigation reveals that temperature-driven on-surface reactions partially convert H2Pc into H0Pc and CuPc. The individual species are differentiated by their topographic appearance and can unambiguously be identified by their STM-induced rotational behavior. While H2Pc shows a switching between two orientations at low energies, a third orientation can be observed above E > 800 meV, which is induced by tautomerization. Around the Fermi level, the rotational behavior is asymmetric, owing to the excitation of vibrational modes in unoccupied states whereas resonant tunneling occurs in occupied states. A two-step deprotonation of H2Pc confirms that the second species is H0Pc. By comparison with CuPc evaporated on Cu(111), we unambiguously reveal that the third species is indeed CuPc, which exhibits an exceptionally low threshold for rotational switching accompanied by an asymmetric behavior around the Fermi level. Varying the post-annealing temperature, we found a sharp threshold for the H2Pc → CuPc on-surface metalation at around 100 °C. In contrast, the competing process of thermal decomposition from H2Pc to H0Pc only increases weakly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Christ
- Physikalisches Institut, Experimentelle Physik II, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Matthias Bode
- Physikalisches Institut, Experimentelle Physik II, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. .,Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen-Center for Complex Material Systems (RCCM), Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Leisegang
- Physikalisches Institut, Experimentelle Physik II, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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3
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She L, Shen Z, Xie Z, Wang L, Song Y, Wang XS, Jia Y, Zhang Z, Zhang W. Magnetic Moment Preservation and Emergent Kondo Resonance of Co-Phthalocyanine on Semimetallic Sb(111). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:026802. [PMID: 35867437 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.026802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic molecules on surfaces have been widely investigated to reveal delicate interfacial couplings and for potential technological applications. In these endeavors, one prevailing challenge is how to preserve or recover the molecular spins, especially on highly metallic substrates that can readily quench the magnetic moments of the admolecules. Here, we use scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy to exploit the semimetallic nature of antimony and observe, surprisingly yet pleasantly, that the spin of Co-phthalocyanine is well preserved on Sb(111), as unambiguously evidenced by the emergent strong Kondo resonance across the molecule. Our first-principles calculations further confirm that the optimal density of states near the Fermi level of the semimetal is a decisive factor, weakening the overall interfacial coupling, while still ensuring sufficiently effective electron-spin scattering in the many-body system. Beyond isolated admolecules, we discover that each of the magnetic moments in a molecular dimer or a densely packed island is distinctly preserved as well, rendering such molecular magnets immense potentials for ultrahigh density memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin She
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Matters, and Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhitao Shen
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Matters, and Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhenyang Xie
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Matters, and Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Limei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Matters, and Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yeheng Song
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Matters, and Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xue-Sen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Matters, and Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 117542, Singapore
| | - Yu Jia
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Matters, and Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- International Laboratory for Quantum Functional Materials of Henan, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Matters, and Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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4
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Domínguez-Celorrio A, Garcia-Fernandez C, Quiroga S, Koval P, Langlais V, Peña D, Sánchez-Portal D, Serrate D, Lobo-Checa J. On-surface synthesis of Mn-phthalocyanines with optically active ligands. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:8069-8077. [PMID: 35608129 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00721e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of novel organic prototypes combining different functionalities is key to achieve operational elements for applications in organic electronics. Here we set the stage towards individually addressable magneto-optical transducers by the on-surface synthesis of optically active manganese-phthalocyanine derivatives (MnPc) obtained directly on a metallic substrate. We created these 2D nanostructures under ultra-high vacuum conditions with atomic precision starting from a simple phthalonitrile precursor with reversible photo-induced reactivity in solution. These precursors maintain their integrity after powder sublimation and coordinate with the Mn ions into tetrameric complexes and then transform into MnPcs on Ag(111) after a cyclotetramerization reaction. Using scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy together with DFT calculations, we identify the isomeric configuration of two bi-stable structures and show that it is possible to switch them reversibly by mechanical manipulation. Moreover, the robust magnetic moment brought by the central Mn ion provides a feasible pathway towards magneto-optical transducer fabrication. This work should trigger further research confirming such magneto-optical effects in MnPcs both on surfaces and in liquid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Domínguez-Celorrio
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.
- Centre d'Elaboration de Materiaux et d'Etudes Structurales - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
| | - Carlos Garcia-Fernandez
- Centro de Física de Materiales CSIC/UPV-EHU-Materials Physics Center, Manuel Lardizabal 5, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, E-20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Sabela Quiroga
- Centro de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Peter Koval
- Simune Atomistics S.L., Avenida Tolosa 76, 20018, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Veronique Langlais
- Centre d'Elaboration de Materiaux et d'Etudes Structurales - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
| | - Diego Peña
- Centro de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Daniel Sánchez-Portal
- Centro de Física de Materiales CSIC/UPV-EHU-Materials Physics Center, Manuel Lardizabal 5, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, E-20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - David Serrate
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Laboratorio de Microscopías Avanzadas, Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jorge Lobo-Checa
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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5
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Brinker S, Küster F, Parkin SSP, Sessi P, Lounis S. Anomalous excitations of atomically crafted quantum magnets. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabi7291. [PMID: 35080983 PMCID: PMC8791613 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi7291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High-energy resolution spectroscopic studies of quantum magnets proved extremely valuable in accessing magnetodynamics quantities, such as energy barriers, magnetic interactions, and lifetime of excited states. Here, we investigate a previously unexplored flavor of low-energy spin excitations for quantum spins coupled to an electron bath. In sharp contrast to the usual tunneling signature of two steps symmetrically centered around the Fermi level, we find a single step in the conductance. Combining time-dependent and many-body perturbation theories, magnetic field-dependent tunneling spectra are explained as the result of an interplay between weak magnetic anisotropy energy, magnetic interactions, and Stoner-like electron-hole excitations that are strongly dependent on the magnetic states of the nanostructures. The results are rationalized in terms of a noncollinear magnetic ground state and the dominance of ferro- and antiferromagnetic interactions. The atomically crafted nanomagnets offer an appealing model for the exploration of electrically pumped spin systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Brinker
- Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, Jülich D-52425, Germany
| | - Felix Küster
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle 06120, Germany
| | | | - Paolo Sessi
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle 06120, Germany
| | - Samir Lounis
- Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, Jülich D-52425, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen and CENIDE, 47053 Duisburg, Germany
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6
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Žitko R, Blesio GG, Manuel LO, Aligia AA. Iron phthalocyanine on Au(111) is a "non-Landau" Fermi liquid. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6027. [PMID: 34654828 PMCID: PMC8521586 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26339-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The paradigm of Landau’s Fermi liquid theory has been challenged with the finding of a strongly interacting Fermi liquid that cannot be adiabatically connected to a non-interacting system. A spin-1 two-channel Kondo impurity with anisotropy D has a quantum phase transition between two topologically different Fermi liquids with a peak (dip) in the Fermi level for D < Dc (D > Dc). Extending this theory to general multi-orbital problems with finite magnetic field, we reinterpret in a unified and consistent fashion several experimental studies of iron phthalocyanine molecules on Au(111) that were previously described in disconnected and conflicting ways. The differential conductance shows a zero-bias dip that widens when the molecule is lifted from the surface (reducing the Kondo couplings) and is transformed continuously into a peak under an applied magnetic field. We reproduce all features and propose an experiment to induce the topological transition. Single molecules on metal surfaces are paradigmatic systems for the study of many-body phenomena. Here, the authors show that several spectroscopic experiments on iron phthalocyanine on Au(111) surface can be described in a unified way in terms of a strongly interacting topologically non-trivial (non-Landau) Fermi liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Žitko
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. .,Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - G G Blesio
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Instituto de Física Rosario (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Bv. 27 de Febrero 210 bis, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - L O Manuel
- Instituto de Física Rosario (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Bv. 27 de Febrero 210 bis, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - A A Aligia
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología CNEA-CONICET, Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, 8400, Bariloche, Argentina
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7
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Montero AM, Guimarães FSM, Lounis S. Multiple magnetic states of CoPc molecule on a two-dimensional layer of NbSe 2. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:205802. [PMID: 33704093 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abed64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Molecular spintronics hinges on the detailed understanding of electronic and magnetic properties of molecules interfaced with various materials. Here we demonstrate withab initiosimulations that the prototypical Co-phthalocyanine (CoPc) molecule can surprisingly develop multi-spin states once deposited on the two-dimensional 2H-NbSe2layer. Conventional calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) show the existence of low, regular and high spin states, which reduce to regular and high spins states once correlations are incorporated with a DFT +Uapproach. Depending onU, the ground state is either the low spin or high spin state with energy differences affected by the molecular orientation on top of the substrate. Our results are compared to recent scanning probe measurements and motivate further theoretical and experimental studies on the unveiled rich multi-magnetic behavior of CoPc molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Montero
- Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszetrum Jülich and JARA, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Filipe S M Guimarães
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Samir Lounis
- Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszetrum Jülich and JARA, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen and CENIDE, 47053 Duisburg, Germany
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8
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Zhang Q, Huang Z, Hou Y, Yuan P, Xu Z, Yang H, Song X, Chen Y, Yang H, Zhang T, Liu L, Gao HJ, Wang Y. Tuning Molecular Superlattice by Charge-Density-Wave Patterns in Two-Dimensional Monolayer Crystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:3545-3551. [PMID: 33818110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Charge density wave (CDW) in two-dimensional (2D) crystals plays a vital role in tuning the interface structures and properties. However, how the CDW tunes the self-assembled molecular superlattice still remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the self-assembled manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc) molecular superlattice on single-layered 1T- and 2H-NbSe2 crystals under regulation by distinct CDW patterns. We observe that, in low coverage, MnPc molecules preferentially adsorb on 2H-NbSe2 compared to 1T-NbSe2. With increasing coverage, MnPc can form a highly ordered superlattice on 2H-NbSe2; however, it is randomly distributed on 1T-NbSe2. We reveal a perfect geometric commensurability between the molecular superlattice and intrinsic CDW pattern in 2H-NbSe2 and a poor commensurability for that of 1T-NbSe2. We believe that the subtly different geometric commensurability dominates the different adsorption and arrangement of the molecular superlattices on 2D CDW patterns. Our study provides a pioneering approach for tuning the molecular superlattices using the CDW patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanzhen Zhang
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zeping Huang
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanhui Hou
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Peiwen Yuan
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ziqiang Xu
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Han Yang
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuan Song
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yaoyao Chen
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huixia Yang
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liwei Liu
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hong-Jun Gao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yeliang Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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9
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Bahlke MP, Schneeberger M, Herrmann C. Local decomposition of hybridization functions: Chemical insight into correlated molecular adsorbates. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:144108. [PMID: 33858153 DOI: 10.1063/5.0045640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybridization functions are an established tool for investigating the coupling between a correlated subsystem (often a single transition metal atom) and its uncorrelated environment (the substrate and any ligands present). The hybridization function can provide valuable insight into why and how strong correlation features such as the Kondo effect can be chemically controlled in certain molecular adsorbates. To deepen this insight, we introduce a local decomposition of the hybridization function, based on a truncated cluster approach, enabling us to study individual effects on this function coming from specific parts of the systems (e.g., the surface, ligands, or parts of larger ligands). It is shown that a truncated-cluster approach can reproduce the Co 3d and Mn 3d hybridization functions from periodic boundary conditions in Co(CO)4/Cu(001) and MnPc/Ag(001) qualitatively well. By locally decomposing the hybridization functions, it is demonstrated at which energies the transition metal atoms are mainly hybridized with the substrate or with the ligand. For the Kondo-active 3dx2-y2 orbital in Co(CO)4/Cu(001), the hybridization function at the Fermi energy is substrate-dominated, so we can assign its enhancement compared with ligand-free Co to an indirect effect of ligand-substrate interactions. In MnPc/Ag(001), the same is true for the Kondo-active orbital, but for two other orbitals, there are both direct and indirect effects of the ligand, together resulting in such strong screening that their potential Kondo activity is suppressed. A local decomposition of hybridization functions could also be useful in other areas, such as analyzing the electrode self-energies in molecular junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Philipp Bahlke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Harbor Bldg. 610, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schneeberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Harbor Bldg. 610, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carmen Herrmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Harbor Bldg. 610, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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10
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Castelli M, Hellerstedt J, Krull C, Gicev S, Hollenberg LCL, Usman M, Schiffrin A. Long-Range Surface-Assisted Molecule-Molecule Hybridization. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2005974. [PMID: 33576182 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metalated phthalocyanines (Pc's) are robust and versatile molecular complexes, whose properties can be tuned by changing their functional groups and central metal atom. The electronic structure of magnesium Pc (MgPc)-structurally and electronically similar to chlorophyll-adsorbed on the Ag(100) surface is investigated by low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, non-contact atomic force microscopy, and density functional theory. Single, isolated MgPc's exhibit a flat, fourfold rotationally symmetric morphology, with doubly degenerate, partially populated (due to surface-to-molecule electron transfer) lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs). In contrast, MgPc's with neighbouring molecules in proximity undergo a lift of LUMOs degeneracy, with a near-Fermi local density of states with reduced twofold rotational symmetry, indicative of a long-range attractive intermolecular interaction. The latter is assigned to a surface-mediated two-step electronic hybridization process. First, LUMOs interact with Ag(100) conduction electrons, forming hybrid molecule-surface orbitals with enhanced spatial extension. Then, these delocalized molecule-surface states further hybridize with those of neighbouring molecules. This work highlights how the electronic structure of molecular adsorbates-including orbital degeneracies and symmetries-can be significantly altered via surface-mediated intermolecular hybridization, over extended distances (beyond 3 nm), having important implications for prospects of molecule-based solid-state technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Castelli
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Jack Hellerstedt
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Cornelius Krull
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Spiro Gicev
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Lloyd C L Hollenberg
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- School of Computing and Information Systems, Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Agustin Schiffrin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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11
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Néel N, Shao B, Wehling TO, Kröger J. Manipulation of the two-site Kondo effect in linear CoCu n CoCu m clusters. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:055303. [PMID: 31604345 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab4d17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Artificially assembled linear atomic clusters, CoCu n CoCu m , are used to explore variations of the Kondo effect at the two Co sites. For all investigated Cu n chain lengths ([Formula: see text]) the addition of a single Cu atom to one edge Co atom of the chain ([Formula: see text]) strongly reduces the amplitude of the Abrikosov-Suhl-Kondo resonance of that Co atom. Concomitantly, the resonance line width is more than halved. On the contrary, the Kondo effect of the opposite edge Co atom remains unaffected. Hybridization together with the linear geometry of the cluster are likely to drive the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Néel
- Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Ilmenau, D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany
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12
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Tunable giant magnetoresistance in a single-molecule junction. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3599. [PMID: 31399599 PMCID: PMC6689026 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11587-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling electronic transport through a single-molecule junction is crucial for molecular electronics or spintronics. In magnetic molecular devices, the spin degree-of-freedom can be used to this end since the magnetic properties of the magnetic ion centers fundamentally impact the transport through the molecules. Here we demonstrate that the electron pathway in a single-molecule device can be selected between two molecular orbitals by varying a magnetic field, giving rise to a tunable anisotropic magnetoresistance up to 93%. The unique tunability of the electron pathways is due to the magnetic reorientation of the transition metal center, resulting in a re-hybridization of molecular orbitals. We obtain the tunneling electron pathways by Kondo effect, which manifests either as a peak or a dip line shape. The energy changes of these spin-reorientations are remarkably low and less than one millielectronvolt. The large tunable anisotropic magnetoresistance could be used to control electronic transport in molecular spintronics. Molecular electronics or spintronics relies on manipulating the electronic transport through microscopic molecule structures. Here the authors demonstrate the selective electron pathway in single-molecule device by magnetic field which enables a tunable anisotropic magnetoresistance up to 93%.
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13
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Kezilebieke S, Žitko R, Dvorak M, Ojanen T, Liljeroth P. Observation of Coexistence of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov States and Spin-Flip Excitations. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:4614-4619. [PMID: 31251066 PMCID: PMC6628613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the spectral evolution in different metal phthalocyanine molecules on NbSe2 surface using scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) as a function of the coupling with the substrate. For manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc), we demonstrate a smooth spectral crossover from Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) bound states to spin-flip excitations. This has not been observed previously and it is in contrast to simple theoretical expectations. We corroborate the experimental findings using numerical renormalization group calculations. Our results provide fundamental new insight on the behavior of atomic scale magnetic/SC hybrid systems, which is important, for example, for engineered topological superconductors and spin logic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rok Žitko
- Jožef
Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty
of Mathematics and Physics, University of
Ljubljana, Jadranska
19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marc Dvorak
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University School
of Science, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Teemu Ojanen
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University School
of Science, 00076 Aalto, Finland
- Computational
Physics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Faculty of Engineering and Natural
Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Peter Liljeroth
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University School
of Science, 00076 Aalto, Finland
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14
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Tuerhong R, Boero M, Bucher JP. Molecular attachment to a microscope tip: inelastic tunneling, Kondo screening, and thermopower. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:1243-1250. [PMID: 31293862 PMCID: PMC6604733 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The vibrational excitation related transport properties of a manganese phthalocyanine molecule suspended between the tip of a scanning tunneling microsope (STM) and a surface are investigated by combining the local manipulation capabilities of the STM with inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy. By attachment of the molecule to the probe tip, the intrinsic physical properties similar to those exhibited by a free standing molecule become accessible. This technique allows one to study locally the magnetic properties, as well as other elementary excitations and their mutual interaction. In particular a clear correlation is observed between the Kondo resonance and the vibrations with a strong incidence of the Kondo correlation on the thermopower measured across the single-molecule junction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauro Boero
- Université de Strasbourg, IPCMS UMR 70504, 67034 Strasbourg, France
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15
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Kügel J, Leisegang M, Bode M. Imprinting Directionality into Proton Transfer Reactions of an Achiral Molecule. ACS NANO 2018; 12:8733-8738. [PMID: 30086226 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b04868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Directionality is key for the functionality of molecular machines, which is often achieved by built-in structural chiralities. Here, we present a scanning tunneling microscopy study of achiral H2Pc and HPc molecules that acquire chirality by adsorption onto a Ag(100) surface. The adsorption-geometry-induced chirality is caused by a -29° (+29°) rotation of the molecules with respect to the [011] substrate direction, resulting in tautomerization processes that preferentially occur in a clockwise (counterclockwise) direction. The directionality is found to be independent of the particular energy and location of charge carrier injection. In contrast to built-in structural chiralities that are fixed by the molecular structure, the direction of proton motion in HPc on Ag(100) can be inverted by a rotation of the molecule on the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Kügel
- Physikalisches Institut, Experimentelle Physik II , Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Markus Leisegang
- Physikalisches Institut, Experimentelle Physik II , Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Matthias Bode
- Physikalisches Institut, Experimentelle Physik II , Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
- Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen-Center for Complex Material Systems (RCCM) , Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland , D-97074 Würzburg , Germany
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16
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Pope T, Du S, Gao HJ, Hofer WA. Electronic effects and fundamental physics studied in molecular interfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5508-5517. [PMID: 29726883 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02191k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Scanning probe instruments in conjunction with a very low temperature environment have revolutionized the ability of building, functionalizing, and analysing two dimensional interfaces in the last twenty years. In addition, the availability of fast, reliable, and increasingly sophisticated methods to simulate the structure and dynamics of these interfaces allow us to capture even very small effects at the atomic and molecular level. In this review we shall focus largely on metal surfaces and organic molecular compounds and show that building systems from the bottom up and controlling the physical properties of such systems is no longer within the realm of the desirable, but has become day to day reality in our best laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Pope
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK.
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17
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Mattioli G, Larciprete R, Alippi P, Bonapasta AA, Filippone F, Lacovig P, Lizzit S, Paoletti AM, Pennesi G, Ronci F, Zanotti G, Colonna S. Unexpected Rotamerism at the Origin of a Chessboard Supramolecular Assembly of Ruthenium Phthalocyanine. Chemistry 2017; 23:16319-16327. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Mattioli
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR) Roma Italy
| | - Rosanna Larciprete
- Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISC-CNR) Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100 00133 Roma Italy
| | - Paola Alippi
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR) Roma Italy
| | - Aldo Amore Bonapasta
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR) Roma Italy
| | - Francesco Filippone
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR) Roma Italy
| | - Paolo Lacovig
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. AREA Science Park S.S. 14 km 163.5 34149 Trieste Italy
| | - Silvano Lizzit
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. AREA Science Park S.S. 14 km 163.5 34149 Trieste Italy
| | - Anna Maria Paoletti
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR) Roma Italy
| | - Giovanna Pennesi
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR) Roma Italy
| | - Fabio Ronci
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR) Roma Italy
| | - Gloria Zanotti
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR) Roma Italy
| | - Stefano Colonna
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR) Roma Italy
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18
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Maughan B, Zahl P, Sutter P, Monti OLA. Ensemble Control of Kondo Screening in Molecular Adsorbates. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:1837-1844. [PMID: 28383923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Switching the magnetic properties of organic semiconductors on a metal surface has thus far largely been limited to molecule-by-molecule tip-induced transformations in scanned probe experiments. Here we demonstrate with molecular resolution that collective control of activated Kondo screening can be achieved in thin-films of the organic semiconductor titanyl phthalocyanine on Cu(110) to obtain tunable concentrations of Kondo impurities. Using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, we show that a thermally activated molecular distortion dramatically shifts surface-molecule coupling and enables ensemble-level control of Kondo screening in the interfacial spin system. This is accompanied by the formation of a temperature-dependent Abrikosov-Suhl-Kondo resonance in the local density of states of the activated molecules. This enables coverage-dependent control over activation to the Kondo screening state. Our study thus advances the versatility of molecular switching for Kondo physics and opens new avenues for scalable bottom-up tailoring of the electronic structure and magnetic texture of organic semiconductor interfaces at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bret Maughan
- University of Arizona , Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Percy Zahl
- Brookhaven National Laboratory , Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Peter Sutter
- Brookhaven National Laboratory , Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Upton, New York 11973, United States
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Oliver L A Monti
- University of Arizona , Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- University of Arizona , Department of Physics, 1118 East Fourth Street, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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19
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Li W, Sun L, Qi J, Jarillo-Herrero P, Dincă M, Li J. High temperature ferromagnetism in π-conjugated two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks. Chem Sci 2017; 8:2859-2867. [PMID: 28553524 PMCID: PMC5428024 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc05080h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We use first-principles calculations to show that the square symmetry of two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) made from octaamino-substituted phthalocyanines and square planar Ni2+ ions, which enable strong conjugation of π electrons, has a critical impact on the magnetic properties of the lattice. In particular, we predict the unexpected emergence of a rare high-temperature ferromagnetic half-metallic ground state in one case. Among charge neutral MOFs made from (2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24)-octaiminophthalocyanine (OIPc) metallated with divalent first-row transition metal ions (M-OIPc; M = Cr2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+) and connected through square planar Ni-bisphenylenediimine moieties, NiMn-OIPc exhibits a half-metallic and ferromagnetic ground state with a large exchange energy resulting from the unique strong hybridization between the d/π orbitals of Mn, the Pc ring, and the Ni-bisphenylenediimine nodes. Notably, we show that for NiMn-OIPc there is a considerable difference between the ferromagnetic ordering temperature (Tc) predicted by a 2D Ising model, which exceeds 600 K, and a Tc of 170 K predicted by our more realistic Monte Carlo simulation that includes magnetic anisotropy. Critically, our simulations adopt two spin models that incorporate magnetic anisotropy in the form of exchange anisotropy and single-ion anisotropy. We further show that in the bulk, 2D layers of NiMn-OIPc adopt a slipped-parallel stacking configuration, and exhibit interlayer magnetic coupling that is sensitive to the relative in-plane displacement between adjacent layers. These results highlight the critical role of magnetic anisotropy in modeling the properties of 2D magnetic systems. More generally, it demonstrates that strong hybridization between open-shell ions and delocalized aromatic π systems with appropriate symmetry, combined with large magnetic anisotropy, will be an effective design strategy to realize ferromagnetic 2D MOFs with high Tc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Li
- Research Laboratory of Electronics , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , USA
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , USA .
| | - Jingshan Qi
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering , Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , USA .
| | - Pablo Jarillo-Herrero
- Department of Physics , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , USA
| | - Mircea Dincă
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , USA .
| | - Ju Li
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering , Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , USA .
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20
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Pacchioni GE, Pivetta M, Gragnaniello L, Donati F, Autès G, Yazyev OV, Rusponi S, Brune H. Two-Orbital Kondo Screening in a Self-Assembled Metal-Organic Complex. ACS NANO 2017; 11:2675-2681. [PMID: 28234448 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b07431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Iron atoms adsorbed on a Cu(111) surface and buried under polyphenyl dicarbonitrile molecules exhibit strongly spatial anisotropic Kondo features with directionally dependent Kondo temperatures and line shapes, as evidenced by scanning tunneling spectroscopy. First-principles calculations find nearly full polarization for the half-filled Fe 3dxz and 3dyz orbitals, which therefore can give rise to Kondo screening with the experimentally observed directional dependence and distinct Kondo temperatures. X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements confirm that the spin in both channels is effectively Kondo-screened. At ideal Fe coverage, these two-orbital Kondo impurities are arranged in a self-assembled honeycomb superlattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia E Pacchioni
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marina Pivetta
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Gragnaniello
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Donati
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gabriel Autès
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Oleg V Yazyev
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Rusponi
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harald Brune
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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21
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Warner B, El Hallak F, Prüser H, Ajibade A, Gill TG, Fisher AJ, Persson M, Hirjibehedin CF. Controlling electronic access to the spin excitations of a single molecule in a tunnel junction. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:4053-4057. [PMID: 28282100 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06469h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Spintronic phenomena underpin new device paradigms for data storage and sensing. Scaling these down to the single molecule level requires controlling the properties of current-carrying molecular orbitals to enable access to spin states through phenomena such as inelastic electron tunnelling. Here we show that the spintronic properties of a tunnel junction containing a single molecule can be controlled using the local environment as a pseudo-gate. For tunnelling through iron phthalocyanine (FePc) on an insulating copper nitride (Cu2N) monolayer above Cu(001), we find that spin transitions may be strongly excited depending on the binding site of the central Fe atom. Different interactions between the Fe and the underlying Cu or N atoms shift the Fe d orbitals with respect to the Fermi energy and control the relative strength of the spin excitations; this effect is captured in a simple co-tunnelling model. This work demonstrates the importance of the atomic-scale environment for the development of single molecule spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Warner
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London (UCL), London WC1H 0AH, UK. and Department of Physics & Astronomy, UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Fadi El Hallak
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London (UCL), London WC1H 0AH, UK.
| | - Henning Prüser
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London (UCL), London WC1H 0AH, UK.
| | - Afolabi Ajibade
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London (UCL), London WC1H 0AH, UK. and Department of Physics & Astronomy, UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tobias G Gill
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London (UCL), London WC1H 0AH, UK. and Department of Chemistry, UCL, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Andrew J Fisher
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London (UCL), London WC1H 0AH, UK. and Department of Physics & Astronomy, UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Mats Persson
- Surface Science Research Centre and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK and Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Cyrus F Hirjibehedin
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London (UCL), London WC1H 0AH, UK. and Department of Physics & Astronomy, UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK and Department of Chemistry, UCL, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
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22
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Alippi P, Lanzilotto V, Paoletti AM, Mattioli G, Zanotti G, Pennesi G, Filippone F, Cossaro A, Verdini A, Morgante A, Amore Bonapasta A. A Ru–Ru pair housed in ruthenium phthalocyanine: the role of a “cage” architecture in the molecule coupling with the Ag(111) surface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:1449-1457. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06094c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A combined experimental and theoretical study on the Ru–Pc dimer on Ag(111) proves surface-to-molecule charge transfer and predicts magnetic moment quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Alippi
- CNR-ISM
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- I-00015 Monterotondo Scalo
- Italy
| | - Valeria Lanzilotto
- CNR-IOM
- Laboratorio Nazionale TASC
- I-34129 Trieste
- Italy
- Department of Physics
| | - Anna Maria Paoletti
- CNR-ISM
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- I-00015 Monterotondo Scalo
- Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mattioli
- CNR-ISM
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- I-00015 Monterotondo Scalo
- Italy
| | - Gloria Zanotti
- CNR-ISM
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- I-00015 Monterotondo Scalo
- Italy
| | - Giovanna Pennesi
- CNR-ISM
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- I-00015 Monterotondo Scalo
- Italy
| | - Francesco Filippone
- CNR-ISM
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- I-00015 Monterotondo Scalo
- Italy
| | | | | | - Alberto Morgante
- CNR-IOM
- Laboratorio Nazionale TASC
- I-34129 Trieste
- Italy
- Department of Physics
| | - Aldo Amore Bonapasta
- CNR-ISM
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- I-00015 Monterotondo Scalo
- Italy
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23
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Karolak M, Jacob D. Effects of valence, geometry and electronic correlations on transport in transition metal benzene sandwich molecules. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:445301. [PMID: 27605217 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/44/445301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We study the impact of the valence and the geometry on the electronic structure and transport properties of different transition metal-benzene sandwich molecules bridging the tips of a Cu nanocontact. Our density-functional calculations show that the electronic transport properties of the molecules depend strongly on the molecular geometry which can be controlled by the nanocontact tips. Depending on the valence of the transition metal center certain molecules can be tuned in and out of half-metallic behaviour facilitating potential spintronics applications. We also discuss our results in the framework of an Anderson impurity model, indicating cases where the inclusion of local correlations alters the ground state qualitatively. For Co and V centered molecules we find indications of an orbital Kondo effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Karolak
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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24
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Wang Y, Zheng X, Yang J. Kondo screening and spin excitation in few-layer CoPc molecular assembly stacking on Pb(111) surface: A DFT+HEOM study. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:154301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4964675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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25
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Warner B, El Hallak F, Atodiresei N, Seibt P, Prüser H, Caciuc V, Waters M, Fisher AJ, Blügel S, van Slageren J, Hirjibehedin CF. Sub-molecular modulation of a 4f driven Kondo resonance by surface-induced asymmetry. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12785. [PMID: 27666413 PMCID: PMC5052670 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Coupling between a magnetic impurity and an external bath can give rise to many-body quantum phenomena, including Kondo and Hund's impurity states in metals, and Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states in superconductors. While advances have been made in probing the magnetic properties of d-shell impurities on surfaces, the confinement of f orbitals makes them difficult to access directly. Here we show that a 4f driven Kondo resonance can be modulated spatially by asymmetric coupling between a metallic surface and a molecule containing a 4f-like moment. Strong hybridization of dysprosium double-decker phthalocyanine with Cu(001) induces Kondo screening of the central magnetic moment. Misalignment between the symmetry axes of the molecule and the surface induces asymmetry in the molecule's electronic structure, spatially mediating electronic access to the magnetic moment through the Kondo resonance. This work demonstrates the important role that molecular ligands have in mediating electronic and magnetic coupling and in accessing many-body quantum states. In the Kondo effect, a bath of conduction electrons screens a localized magnetic moment. Here, the authors demonstrate Kondo screening of a normally isolated 4f-like moment in a magnetic molecule on a Cu(001) surface that is modulated by strong ligand-mediated coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Warner
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London (UCL), London WC1H 0AH, UK.,Department of Physics &Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Fadi El Hallak
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London (UCL), London WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Nicolae Atodiresei
- Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Philipp Seibt
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London (UCL), London WC1H 0AH, UK.,Department of Physics &Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Henning Prüser
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London (UCL), London WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Vasile Caciuc
- Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Michael Waters
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Andrew J Fisher
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London (UCL), London WC1H 0AH, UK.,Department of Physics &Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Stefan Blügel
- Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Cyrus F Hirjibehedin
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London (UCL), London WC1H 0AH, UK.,Department of Physics &Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
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26
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Topyła M, Néel N, Kröger J. Superstructures and Electronic Properties of Manganese-Phthalocyanine Molecules on Au(110) from Submonolayer Coverage to Ultrathin Molecular Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:6843-6850. [PMID: 27322189 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption of manganese-phthalocyanine molecules on Au(110) was investigated using a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope. A rich variety of commensurate superstructures was observed upon increasing the molecule coverage from submonolayers to ultrathin films. All structures were associated with reconstructions of the Au(110) substrate. Molecules adsorbed in the second molecular layer exhibited negative differential conductance occurring symmetrically around zero bias voltage. A double-barrier tunneling model rationalized this observation in terms of a peaked molecular resonance at the Fermi energy together with a voltage drop across the molecular film.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Topyła
- Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Ilmenau , D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - N Néel
- Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Ilmenau , D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - J Kröger
- Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Ilmenau , D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany
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27
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Zhang Q, Kuang G, Pang R, Shi X, Lin N. Switching Molecular Kondo Effect via Supramolecular Interaction. ACS NANO 2015; 9:12521-12528. [PMID: 26568262 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b06120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We apply supramolecular assembly to control the adsorption configuration of Co-porphyrin molecules on Au(111) and Cu(111) surfaces. By means of cryogenic scanning tunneling microscopy, we reveal that the Kondo effect associated with the Co center is absent or present in different supramolecular systems. We perform first-principles calculations to obtain spin-polarized electronic structures and compute the Kondo temperatures using the Anderson impurity model. The switching behavior is traced to varied molecular adsorption heights in different supramolecular structures. These findings unravel that a competition between intermolecular interactions and molecule-substrate interactions subtly regulates the molecular Kondo effect in supramolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Zhang
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hong Kong, China
| | - Guowen Kuang
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui Pang
- Department of Physics, South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xingqiang Shi
- Department of Physics, South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Nian Lin
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hong Kong, China
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28
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Magnetic anisotropy in Shiba bound states across a quantum phase transition. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8988. [PMID: 26603561 PMCID: PMC4674822 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The exchange coupling between magnetic adsorbates and a superconducting substrate leads to Shiba states inside the superconducting energy gap and a Kondo resonance outside the gap. The exchange coupling strength determines whether the quantum many-body ground state is a Kondo singlet or a singlet of the paired superconducting quasiparticles. Here we use scanning tunnelling spectroscopy to identify the different quantum ground states of manganese phthalocyanine on Pb(111). We observe Shiba states, which are split into triplets by magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Their characteristic spectral weight yields an unambiguous proof of the nature of the quantum ground state. Our results provide experimental insights into the phase diagram of a magnetic impurity on a superconducting host and shine light on the effects induced by magnetic anisotropy on many-body interactions. The exchange coupling strength between magnetic adsorbates and a superconducting surface determines the nature of the system's quantum ground state. Here, the authors use scanning tunnelling microscopy to explore the ground state and excited state properties of manganese phthalocyanine adsorbed on a Pb(111) surface.
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29
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Bryant B, Toskovic R, Ferrón A, Lado JL, Spinelli A, Fernández-Rossier J, Otte AF. Controlled Complete Suppression of Single-Atom Inelastic Spin and Orbital Cotunneling. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:6542-6546. [PMID: 26366713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The inelastic portion of the tunnel current through an individual magnetic atom grants unique access to read out and change the atom's spin state, but it also provides a path for spontaneous relaxation and decoherence. Controlled closure of the inelastic channel would allow for the latter to be switched off at will, paving the way to coherent spin manipulation in single atoms. Here, we demonstrate complete closure of the inelastic channels for both spin and orbital transitions due to a controlled geometric modification of the atom's environment, using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The observed suppression of the excitation signal, which occurs for Co atoms assembled into chains on a Cu2N substrate, indicates a structural transition affecting the dz(2) orbital, effectively cutting off the STM tip from the spin-flip cotunneling path.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Bryant
- Department of Quantum Nanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology , Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ranko Toskovic
- Department of Quantum Nanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology , Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Ferrón
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL) , Avenida Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
- Instituto de Modelado e Innovación Tecnológica (CONICET-UNNE) , Avenida Libertad 5400, W3404AAS Corrientes, Argentina
| | - José L Lado
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL) , Avenida Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Anna Spinelli
- Department of Quantum Nanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology , Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Rossier
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL) , Avenida Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
- Departamento de Fı́sica Aplicada, Universidad de Alicante , San Vicente del Raspeig, 03690, Spain
| | - Alexander F Otte
- Department of Quantum Nanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology , Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
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30
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Karan S, Jacob D, Karolak M, Hamann C, Wang Y, Weismann A, Lichtenstein AI, Berndt R. Shifting the Voltage Drop in Electron Transport Through a Single Molecule. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:016802. [PMID: 26182113 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.016802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A Mn-porphyrin was contacted on Au(111) in a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM). Differential conductance spectra show a zero-bias resonance that is due to an underscreened Kondo effect according to many-body calculations. When the Mn center is contacted by the STM tip, the spectrum appears to invert along the voltage axis. A drastic change in the electrostatic potential of the molecule involving a small geometric relaxation is found to cause this observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Karan
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - David Jacob
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Michael Karolak
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Hamann
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Weismann
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
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31
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Jacob D. Towards a full ab initio theory of strong electronic correlations in nanoscale devices. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:245606. [PMID: 26037313 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/24/245606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper I give a detailed account of an ab initio methodology for describing strong electronic correlations in nanoscale devices hosting transition metal atoms with open d- or f-shells. The method combines Kohn-Sham density functional theory for treating the weakly interacting electrons on a static mean-field level with non-perturbative many-body methods for the strongly interacting electrons in the open d- and f-shells. An effective description of the strongly interacting electrons in terms of a multi-orbital Anderson impurity model is obtained by projection onto the strongly correlated subspace properly taking into account the non-orthogonality of the atomic basis set. A special focus lies on the ab initio calculation of the effective screened interaction matrix U for the Anderson model. Solution of the effective Anderson model with the one-crossing approximation or other impurity solver techniques yields the dynamic correlations within the strongly correlated subspace giving rise e.g. to the Kondo effect. As an example the method is applied to the case of a Co adatom on the Cu(0 0 1) surface. The calculated low-bias tunnel spectra show Fano-Kondo lineshapes similar to those measured in experiments. The exact shape of the Fano-Kondo feature as well as its width depend quite strongly on the filling of the Co 3d-shell. Although this somewhat hampers accurate quantitative predictions regarding lineshapes and Kondo temperatures, the overall physical situation can be predicted quite reliably.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Jacob
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle, Germany
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