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Akhtar R, Gaurav K, Khan S. Applications of low-valent compounds with heavy group-14 elements. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6150-6243. [PMID: 38757535 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00101j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, the low-valent compounds of group-14 elements have received significant attention in several fields of chemistry owing to their unique electronic properties. The low-valent group-14 species include tetrylenes, tetryliumylidene, tetrylones, dimetallenes and dimetallynes. These low-valent group-14 species have shown applications in various areas such as organic transformations (hydroboration, cyanosilylation, N-functionalisation of amines, and hydroamination), small molecule activation (e.g. P4, As4, CO2, CO, H2, alkene, and alkyne) and materials. This review presents an in-depth discussion on low-valent group-14 species-catalyzed reactions, including polymerization of rac-lactide, L-lactide, DL-lactide, and caprolactone, followed by their photophysical properties (phosphorescence and fluorescence), thin film deposition (atomic layer deposition and vapor phase deposition), and medicinal applications. This review concisely summarizes current developments of low-valent heavier group-14 compounds, covering synthetic methodologies, structural aspects, and their applications in various fields of chemistry. Finally, their opportunities and challenges are examined and emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruksana Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India.
| | - Kumar Gaurav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India.
| | - Shabana Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India.
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Olowoyo JO, Gharahshiran VS, Zeng Y, Zhao Y, Zheng Y. Atomic/molecular layer deposition strategies for enhanced CO 2 capture, utilisation and storage materials. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:5428-5488. [PMID: 38682880 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00759f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Elevated levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere and the diminishing reserves of fossil fuels have raised profound concerns regarding the resulting consequences of global climate change and the future supply of energy. Hence, the reduction and transformation of CO2 not only mitigates environmental pollution but also generates value-added chemicals, providing a dual remedy to address both energy and environmental challenges. Despite notable advancements, the low conversion efficiency of CO2 remains a major obstacle, largely attributed to its inert chemical nature. It is imperative to engineer catalysts/materials that exhibit high conversion efficiency, selectivity, and stability for CO2 transformation. With unparalleled precision at the atomic level, atomic layer deposition (ALD) and molecular layer deposition (MLD) methods utilize various strategies, including ultrathin modification, overcoating, interlayer coating, area-selective deposition, template-assisted deposition, and sacrificial-layer-assisted deposition, to synthesize numerous novel metal-based materials with diverse structures. These materials, functioning as active materials, passive materials or modifiers, have contributed to the enhancement of catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability, effectively addressing the challenges linked to CO2 transformation. Herein, this review focuses on ALD and MLD's role in fabricating materials for electro-, photo-, photoelectro-, and thermal catalytic CO2 reduction, CO2 capture and separation, and electrochemical CO2 sensing. Significant emphasis is dedicated to the ALD and MLD designed materials, their crucial role in enhancing performance, and exploring the relationship between their structures and catalytic activities for CO2 transformation. Finally, this comprehensive review presents the summary, challenges and prospects for ALD and MLD-designed materials for CO2 transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua O Olowoyo
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Thompson Engineering Building, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada.
| | - Vahid Shahed Gharahshiran
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Thompson Engineering Building, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada.
| | - Yimin Zeng
- Natural Resources Canada - CanmetMaterials, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada.
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Thompson Engineering Building, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada.
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3
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Synthesis and Characterization of Anatase TiO2 Nanorods: Insights from Nanorods’ Formation and Self-Assembly. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Highly crystalline, organic-solvent-dispersible titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanorods (NRs) present promising chemicophysical properties in many diverse applications. In this paper, based on a modified procedure from literature, TiO2 NRs were synthesized via a ligand-assisted nonhydrolytic sol-gel route using oleic acid as the solvent, reagent, and ligand and titanium (IV) isopropoxide as the titanium precursor. This procedure produced monodisperse TiO2 NRs, as well as some semi-spherical titania nanocrystals (NCs) that could be removed by size-selective precipitation. X-ray diffraction and selected area electron diffraction results showed that the nanorods were anatase, while the semipheres also contained the TiO2(B) phase. By taking samples during the particle growth, it was found that the average length of the initially grown NRs decreased during the synthesis. Possible reasons for this unusual growth path, partially based on high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) observations during the growth, were discussed. The dispersion of anatase TiO2 nanorods was capable of spontaneous formation of lyotropic liquid crystals on the TEM grid and in bulk. Considering high colloidal stability together with the large optical birefringence displayed by these high refractive index liquid crystalline domains, we believe these TiO2 NRs dispersions are promising candidates for application in transparent and switchable optics.
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Ran G, Xia Y, Liang L, Fu C. Enhanced response of sensor on serotonin using nickel-reduced graphene oxide by atomic layer deposition. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 140:107820. [PMID: 33892214 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a promising method for preparing nanomaterials. The thickness and uniformity of nanomaterials can be precisely controlled. Hence, the uniform Ni nanoparticles (Ni NPs) deposited on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) by ALD and got the optimal combination interface. The morphology, structure, and electrochemical behavior of Ni NPs-rGO nanocomposite are investigated. By experiment results, the Ni NPs could occupy some active surface of rGO, resulting in high conductivity and large specific surface area of Ni NPs-rGO nanocomposite. The Ni NPs-rGO nanocomposite exhibits high electrocatalytic activity for serotonin and speeds up the electron transfer between the surface of the electrode and the solution. Therefore, the sensor is prepared by Ni NPs-rGO nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and used to sensitive detection of serotonin. By differential pulse voltammetric, the Ni NPs-rGO/GCE enhanced the current responses and showed a wide linear range of 0.02-2 μM with a low detection of 0.01 μM for serotonin (S/N = 3). The Ni NPs-rGO/GCE exhibited good stability, selectivity, and anti-interference ability that can be used for real sample detection. According to these results, the Ni NPs-rGO nanocompositeis successfully prepared by ALD. The properties of Ni NPs-rGO nanocomposite make it an attractive material for potential applications in sensors and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gu Ran
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou 404100, PR China.
| | - Ying Xia
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou 404100, PR China
| | - Lijiao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou 404100, PR China
| | - Chuan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou 404100, PR China
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Ran G, Xia Y, Zhang H, Kuang W, Fu C. An atomic-layer NiO-BaTiO 3 nanocomposite for use in electrochemical sensing of serotonin. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:505502. [PMID: 33021217 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abb625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The NiO films were deposited on the surface of BaTiO3 (BTO) by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The thickness of NiO film was controlled by the number of ALD cycles, which the optimum number of ALD cycles were 400 cycles. The morphology of NiO-BTO nanocomposite was observed by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscopy. The sensor based on NiO-BTO nanocomposite displays good electrocatalytic activity and high sensitivity for serotonin (at 0.36 V vs. Ag/AgCl). In the range of 0.05-5 μM, the concentrations of serotonin are linearly related to current intensity and the detection limit is 0.03 μM (S/N = 3). The NiO-BTO/GCE was successfully applied in serum samples. It shows that the NiO-BTO nanocomposite prepared by ALD can serve as electrochemical sensor devices and applications in the fields of biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gu Ran
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou 404100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xia
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou 404100, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengchang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou 404100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou 404100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou 404100, People's Republic of China
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
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Komiyama H. Fabrication of a Vertically Aligned Au Nanorod Array via Block-Copolymer-Templated Electroplating. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Komiyama
- Iyoda Supra-Integrated Material Project; Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO); Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST); Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259-S2-3 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama Kanagawa 226-8503 Japan
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8
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Sadeghipari M, Mohajerzadeh MA, Hajmirzaheydarali M, Mashayekhi A, Mohajerzadeh S. A Novel Approach to Realize Si-Based Porous Wire-In-Tube Nanostructures for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1800615. [PMID: 29707899 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201800615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hollow inorganic nanostructures have drawn great attention due to their fascinating features, such as large surface area, high loading capacity, and high permeability. The formation, characterization, and application of partially and entirely hollow structure by applying a Si-based reactive ion deposition and etching method on silicon nanowire as a template are reported. This fabrication technique is extended to a stainless steel substrate to be used as the binder-free anode for high capacity and high rate lithium-ion batteries. The electrochemical analyses exhibit that in addition to the high initial discharge capacity of 4125 mAh g-1 at a rate of C/16, the best performing electrode shows discharge/charge capacity of as high as 3302.14/2832.1 mAh g-1 , respectively, with an excellent charge capacity retention of 96.7% over 100 cycles at a rate density of 1 C. Even at a rate of 12 C, the as-designed structure is still able to deliver an impressive 1553 mAh g-1 , which probably is attributed to fast lithium diffusion in its hollow part and high porosity of Si and alumina layer. It is proved that the change in hollowness ratio significantly affects capacity retention and average coulombic efficiency of the lithium-ion cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnoosh Sadeghipari
- Thin Film and Nanoelectronic Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1439957131, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ala Mohajerzadeh
- Thin Film and Nanoelectronic Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1439957131, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Hajmirzaheydarali
- Thin Film and Nanoelectronic Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1439957131, Iran
| | - Alireza Mashayekhi
- Thin Film and Nanoelectronic Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1439957131, Iran
| | - Shamsoddin Mohajerzadeh
- Thin Film and Nanoelectronic Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1439957131, Iran
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Au@Nb@H x K 1-xNbO 3 nanopeapods with near-infrared active plasmonic hot-electron injection for water splitting. Nat Commun 2018; 9:232. [PMID: 29339734 PMCID: PMC5770448 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02676-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Full-spectrum utilization of diffusive solar energy by a photocatalyst for environmental remediation and fuel generation has long been pursued. In contrast to tremendous efforts in the UV-to-VIS light regime of the solar spectrum, the NIR and IR areas have been barely addressed although they represent about 50% of the solar flux. Here we put forward a biomimetic photocatalyst blueprint that emulates the growth pattern of a natural plant—a peapod—to address this issue. This design is exemplified via unidirectionally seeding core-shell Au@Nb nanoparticles in the cavity of semiconducting HxK1−xNbO3 nanoscrolls. The biomimicry of this nanopeapod (NPP) configuration promotes near-field plasmon–plasmon coupling between bimetallic Au@Nb nanoantennas (the peas), endowing the UV-active HxK1−xNbO3 semiconductor (the pods) with strong VIS and NIR light harvesting abilities. Moreover, the characteristic 3D metal-semiconductor junction of the Au@Nb@HxK1−xNbO3 NPPs favors the transfer of plasmonic hot carriers to trigger dye photodegradation and water photoelectrolysis as proofs-of-concept. Such broadband solar spectral response renders the Au@Nb@HxK1−xNbO3 NPPs highly promising for widespread photoactive devices. Although near-infrared light makes up a large portion of the solar spectrum, harvesting it for photocatalytic applications remains challenging. Here the authors deposit unidirectional Au@Nb core-shell nanoparticles into tubular HxK1–xNbO3 nanoscrolls and report cooperative full solar spectrum absorption.
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Abstract
Governing the process and outcome of chemical reactions is the most important aim of catalytic chemistry. The confinement of active sites inside nanosized spaces provides a powerful strategy to achieve this goal. Reacting molecules (reactants, intermediates, and products of a reaction) and nanomaterials (metal/metal-oxide nanoparticles) confined inside nanoreactors have been observed to exhibit modified behaviors and properties with respect to their unconfined counterparts. Typically, catalysts confined in zeolites, mesoporous materials, metal-organic frameworks, and nanotubes are obtained by traditional liquid-phase methods. However, excess metals or undesired solvents and other reagents must be removed. It is also difficult to precisely regulate the confined nanostructures and assemble multifunctional sites in the confined nanospaces. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) provides a controllable method to fabricate confined catalysts due to its outstanding advantages. In this Account, we describe our progress in the design and properties of confined nanocatalysts by ALD. ALD is an elegant method to directly deposit highly dispersed metal or oxide species into porous materials, including zeolites and mesoporous materials. We deposited Pt nanoclusters in the micropores of a KL zeolite with precisely controlled size by ALD. We also introduced CoOx nanoclusters into mesoporous SBA-15. We have reported pioneering works on the synthesis of confined nanoparticles with metal-in-nanotube structures by a template-assisted ALD method. Confined Cu nanoparticles were prepared by reducing CuO nanowires coated with Al2O3, TiO2, or alucone layers by ALD. Confined Cu and Au nanoparticles were also prepared starting from the corresponding metal nanowires with the assistance of sacrificial layers produced by ALD. In a more facile strategy, Au nanoparticles confined in Al2O3 nanotubes were produced using a sacrificial template by ALD. Furthermore, we synthesized a multiply confined Ni-based nanocatalyst through a template-assisted ALD method. We assembled multiple interfaces (Ni/Al2O3 and Pt/TiO2) in a confined nanospace for tandem reactions by template-assisted ALD. The synergistic effect of two interfaces enhanced the tandem reaction, and the confined nanospace favored the instant transfer of intermediates between the two interfaces. In addition, porous TiO2 nanotubes with spatially separated Pt and CoOx cocatalysts were also produced by ALD. The confined catalysts can be further treated by ALD. We used ALD to modify the mesoporous SBA-15 support to precisely tune the active species-support interaction. In addition to the support, the confined metal nanoparticles can also be coated with an ultrathin oxide layer by ALD to further improve their catalytic activities. Moreover, the structure and size of the confined nanospace can be tuned precisely by ALD. Overall, ALD has exhibited noteworthy applications in and will provide new opportunities for the design and synthesis of highly effective confined catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal
Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taoyuan South Road 27, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal
Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taoyuan South Road 27, Taiyuan 030001, China
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Kang M, Yuwen Y, Hu W, Yun S, Mahalingam K, Jiang B, Eyink K, Poutrina E, Richardson K, Mayer TS. Self-Organized Freestanding One-Dimensional Au Nanoparticle Arrays. ACS NANO 2017; 11:5844-5852. [PMID: 28582622 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b01479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional Au nanoparticle arrays encapsulated within freestanding SiO2 nanowires are fabricated by thermal oxidation of Au-coated Si nanowires with controlled diameter and surface modulation. The nanoparticle diameter is determined by the Si nanowire diameter and Au film thickness, while the interparticle spacing is independently controlled by the Si nanowire modulation. The optical absorption of randomly oriented Au nanoparticle arrays exhibits a strong plasmonic response at 550 nm. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM)-electron energy loss spectrum (EELS) of nanoparticle arrays confirmed the same plasmonic response and demonstrated uniform optical properties of the Au nanoparticles. The plasmonic response in the STEM-EELS maps is primarily confined around the vicinity of the nanoparticles. On the other hand, examination of the same nanowires by energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy also revealed significant enhancement in the plasmonic excitation in the regions in between the nanoparticles. This versatile route to synthesize one-dimensional Au nanoparticle arrays with independently tailorable nanoparticle diameter and interparticle spacing opens up opportunities to exploit enhanced design flexibility and cost-effectiveness for future plasmonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myungkoo Kang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Yu Yuwen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Wenchong Hu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Seokho Yun
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Krishnamurthy Mahalingam
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate (AFRL/RXAN), Wright-Patterson AFB , Dayton, Ohio 45433-7707, United States
| | - Bin Jiang
- FEI Company , Hillsboro, Oregon 97124, United States
| | - Kurt Eyink
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate (AFRL/RXAN), Wright-Patterson AFB , Dayton, Ohio 45433-7707, United States
| | - Ekaterina Poutrina
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate (AFRL/RXAN), Wright-Patterson AFB , Dayton, Ohio 45433-7707, United States
| | - Kathleen Richardson
- CREOL, College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Theresa S Mayer
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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Xu SH, Fei GT, You Q, Gao XD, Huo PC, De Zhang L. Noble-metal Ag nanoparticle chains: annealing Ag/Bi superlattice nanowires in vacuum. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:375601. [PMID: 27487089 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/37/375601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional noble-metal Ag nanoparticle chains have been prepared by electrodepositing Ag/Bi superlattice nanowires in a porous anodic alumina oxide (AAO) template and following an annealing process in vacuum. It is found that Bi, as a sacrificial metal, can be removed completely after annealing at 450 °C with a vacuum degree of 10(-5) Torr. The regulation of particle size, shape and interparticle spacing of Ag NP chains has been realized by adjusting the segment length of the Ag/Bi superlattice nanowires and the annealing condition. With an extension of the annealing time, it is observed that Ag particles display the transform trend from ellipsoid to sphere. Our findings could inspire further investigation on the design and fabrication of metal nanoparticle chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 1129, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
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Xu S, Joseph S, Zhang H, Lou J, Lu Y. Controllable high-throughput fabrication of porous gold nanorods driven by Rayleigh instability. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11050a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous gold nanorods with uniform diameters can be obtained by dealloying of fragmented Au–Ag nanowires, driven by Rayleigh instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering
- City University of Hong Kong
- Kowloon
- China
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF)
| | - Sona Joseph
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering
- Rice University
- Houston
- USA
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute
| | - Hongti Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering
- City University of Hong Kong
- Kowloon
- China
| | - Jun Lou
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering
- Rice University
- Houston
- USA
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering
- City University of Hong Kong
- Kowloon
- China
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF)
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14
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Xiao X, Liu X, Chen F, Fang D, Zhang C, Xia L, Xu W. Highly Anti-UV Properties of Silk Fiber with Uniform and Conformal Nanoscale TiO2 Coatings via Atomic Layer Deposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:21326-21333. [PMID: 26389713 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b05868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, silk fiber was successfully modified via the application of a nanoscale titania coating using atomic layer deposition (ALD), with titanium tetraisopropoxide (TIP) and water as precursors at 100 °C. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope, and field emission scanning electron microscope results demonstrated that uniform and conformal titania coatings were deposited onto the silk fiber. The thermal and mechanical properties of the TiO2 silk fiber were then investigated. The results showed that the thermal stability and mechanical properties of this material were superior to those of the uncoated substance. Furthermore, the titania ALD process provided the silk fiber with excellent protection against UV radiation. Specifically, the TiO2-coated silk fibers exhibited significant increases in UV absorbance, considerably less yellowing, and greatly enhanced mechanical properties compared with the uncoated silk fiber after UV exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Functional Textiles of New Textile Materials, Ministry of Science and Technology, Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan 430073, P. R. China
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430073, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Functional Textiles of New Textile Materials, Ministry of Science and Technology, Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan 430073, P. R. China
| | - Fengxiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Functional Textiles of New Textile Materials, Ministry of Science and Technology, Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan 430073, P. R. China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University , Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Dong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Functional Textiles of New Textile Materials, Ministry of Science and Technology, Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan 430073, P. R. China
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Functional Textiles of New Textile Materials, Ministry of Science and Technology, Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan 430073, P. R. China
| | - Liangjun Xia
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Functional Textiles of New Textile Materials, Ministry of Science and Technology, Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan 430073, P. R. China
| | - Weilin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Functional Textiles of New Textile Materials, Ministry of Science and Technology, Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan 430073, P. R. China
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430073, P. R. China
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15
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Xiao X, Liu X, Cao G, Zhang C, Xia L, Xu W, Xiao S. Atomic layer deposition TiO2/Al2O3nanolayer of dyed polyamide/aramid blend fabric for high intensity UV light protection. POLYM ENG SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingfang Xiao
- School of Textile Science and Engineering; Wuhan Textile University; Wuhan 430073 People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Functional New Textile Materials of Ministry of Education; Wuhan Textile University; Wuhan 430073 People's Republic of China
| | - Genyang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Functional New Textile Materials of Ministry of Education; Wuhan Textile University; Wuhan 430073 People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering; Wuhan Textile University; Wuhan 430073 People's Republic of China
| | - Liangjun Xia
- School of Textile Science and Engineering; Wuhan Textile University; Wuhan 430073 People's Republic of China
| | - Weilin Xu
- School of Textile Science and Engineering; Wuhan Textile University; Wuhan 430073 People's Republic of China
| | - Shili Xiao
- School of Textile Science and Engineering; Wuhan Textile University; Wuhan 430073 People's Republic of China
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Kim JH, Hong YJ, Kang YC, Choi YJ, Kim YS. Superior electrochemical properties of α-Fe 2 O 3 nanofibers with a porous core/dense shell structure formed from iron acetylacetonate-polyvinylpyrrolidone composite fibers. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.11.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Chen F, Jiang X, Kuang T, Chang L, Fu D, Yang Z, Yang J, Fan P, Fei Z, Zhong M. Effect of nanoporous structure and polymer brushes on the ionic conductivity of poly(methacrylic acid)/anode aluminum oxide hybrid membranes. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra08990e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anode aluminum oxide (AAO) porous materials have been widely used in ionic translocation for many biological and chemical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
- NSEC Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices
| | - Xiaoping Jiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Tairong Kuang
- NSEC Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices
- The Ohio State University
- Colombus
- USA
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing
| | - Lingqian Chang
- NSEC Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices
- The Ohio State University
- Colombus
- USA
| | - Dajiong Fu
- NSEC Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices
- The Ohio State University
- Colombus
- USA
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing
| | - Zhaogang Yang
- NSEC Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices
- The Ohio State University
- Colombus
- USA
| | - Jintao Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Ping Fan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Zhengdong Fei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Mingqiang Zhong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
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18
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Adireddy S, Rostamzadeh T, Carbo CE, Wiley JB. Particle placement and sheet topological control in the fabrication of Ag-hexaniobate nanocomposites. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 31:480-485. [PMID: 25531945 DOI: 10.1021/la503775f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic methods are demonstrated that allow for the fabrication of Ag-hexaniobate nanocomposites with directed nanoparticle (NP) placement and nanosheet morphological control. The solvothermal treatment of exfoliated nanosheets (NSs) in the presence of Ag NPs leads to a high yield of Ag nanocomposites. This approach is quite flexible and, with control of time and temperature, can be used to produce nanocomposites with specific architectures; Ag NPs can be attached to nanosheets, attached to the surfaces of nanoscrolls, or at higher temperatures, captured within nanoscrolls to form nanopeapod (NPP) structures. The decorated nanosheets and nanoscrolls show surface plasmon resonance (SPR) maxima similar to that of free Ag NPs, while the Ag NPPs exhibit a red shift of about 10 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Adireddy
- Department of Chemistry and Advanced Materials Research Institute, University of New Orleans , New Orleans, Louisiana 70148, United States
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19
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Tailoring self-organized nanostructured morphologies in kilometer-long polymer fiber. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4864. [PMID: 24796730 PMCID: PMC4010931 DOI: 10.1038/srep04864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
While nanowires and nanospheres have been utilized in the design of a diverse array of nanoscale devices, recent schemes frequently require nanoscale architectures of higher complexity. However, conventional techniques are largely unsatisfactory for the production of more intricate nanoscale shapes and patterns, and even successful fabrication methods are incompatible with large-scale production efforts. Novel top-down, iterative size reduction (ISR)-mediated approaches have recently been shown to be promising for the production of high-throughput cylindrical and spherical nanostructures, though more complex architectures have yet to be created using this process. Here we report the presence of a hitherto-undescribed transitory region between nanowire and nanosphere transformation, where a diverse array of complex quasi one-dimensional nanostructures is produced by Rayleigh-Plateau instability-mediated deformation during the progress of a combined ISR/thermal instability technique. Temperature-based tailoring of architecturally diverse, indefinitely long, globally parallel, complex nanostructure arrays with high uniformity and low size variation facilitates the development of in-fiber or free-standing nanodevices with significant advantages over on-chip devices.
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20
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Jin R, Yang Y, Xing Y, Chen L, Song S, Jin R. Facile synthesis and properties of hierarchical double-walled copper silicate hollow nanofibers assembled by nanotubes. ACS NANO 2014; 8:3664-3670. [PMID: 24617673 DOI: 10.1021/nn500275d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The hierarchical assembly of multilevel, nonspherical hollow structures remains a considerable challenge. Here, we report a facile approach for synthesizing copper silicate hollow nanofibers with an ultrasmall nanotube-assembled, double-walled structure. The as-prepared hollow fibers possess a tailored complex wall structure, high length-to-diameter ratio, good structural stability, and a high surface area, and they exhibit excellent performance as an easily recycled adsorbent for wastewater treatment and as an ideal support for noble metal catalysts. In addition, this strategy can be extended as a general approach to prepare other double-walled, hollow, fibrous silica-templated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renxi Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University , Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
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21
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Yang X, Yu X, Long L, Wang T, Ma L, Wu L, Bai Y, Li X, Liao S. Pt nanoparticles entrapped in titanate nanotubes (TNT) for phenol hydrogenation: the confinement effect of TNT. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:2794-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49331h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Paduani C. Structure and electronic properties of a Mn nanowire encapsulated in carbon nanotubes. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2013.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Riaz S, Ma W, Jing C, Nawaz MH, Li DW, Long YT. Thiol-ubiquinone assisted fragmentation of gold nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:1738-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc38398a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Raoufi M, Schönherr H. Improved synthesis of anodized aluminum oxide with modulated pore diameters for the fabrication of polymeric nanotubes. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41165f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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25
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Tong X, Qin Y, Guo X, Moutanabbir O, Ao X, Pippel E, Zhang L, Knez M. Enhanced catalytic activity for methanol electro-oxidation of uniformly dispersed nickel oxide nanoparticles-carbon nanotube hybrid materials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2012; 8:3390-3395. [PMID: 22865674 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201200839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Highy crystalline NiO nanoparticles are uniformly grown on the walls of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by atomic layer deposition (ALD) at moderate temperature.Their size and stoichiometry are controlled by the ALD process parameters. The obtained NiO/CNT hybrids exhibit excellent performance in the electro-oxidation of methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xili Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China; Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle, Germany
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26
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La Torre A, Giménez-López MDC, Fay MW, Rance GA, Solomonsz WA, Chamberlain TW, Brown PD, Khlobystov AN. Assembly, growth, and catalytic activity of gold nanoparticles in hollow carbon nanofibers. ACS NANO 2012; 6:2000-2007. [PMID: 22356571 DOI: 10.1021/nn300400z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Graphitized carbon nanofibers (GNFs) act as efficient templates for the growth of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) adsorbed on the interior (and exterior) of the tubular nanostructures. Encapsulated AuNPs are stabilized by interactions with the step-edges of the individual graphitic nanocones, of which GNFs are composed, and their size is limited to approximately 6 nm, while AuNPs adsorbed on the atomically flat graphitic surfaces of the GNF exterior continue their growth to 13 nm and beyond under the same heat treatment conditions. The corrugated structure of the GNF interior imposes a significant barrier for the migration of AuNPs, so that their growth mechanism is restricted to Ostwald ripening. Conversely, nanoparticles adsorbed on smooth GNF exterior surfaces are more likely to migrate and coalesce into larger nanoparticles, as revealed by in situ transmission electron microscopy imaging. The presence of alkyl thiol surfactant within the GNF channels changes the dynamics of the AuNP transformations, as surfactant molecules adsorbed on the surface of the AuNPs diminished the stabilization effect of the step-edges, thus allowing nanoparticles to grow until their diameters reach the internal diameter of the host nanofiber. Nanoparticles thermally evolved within the GNF channel exhibit alignment, perpendicular to the GNF axis due to interactions with the step-edges and parallel to the axis because of graphitic facets of the nanocones. Despite their small size, AuNPs in GNF possess high stability and remain unchanged at temperatures up to 300 °C in ambient atmosphere. Nanoparticles immobilized at the step-edges within GNF are shown to act as effective catalysts promoting the transformation of dimethylphenylsilane to bis(dimethylphenyl)disiloxane with a greater than 10-fold enhancement of selectivity as compared to free-standing or surface-adsorbed nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro La Torre
- School of Chemistry,Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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27
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Liu M, Li X, Karuturi SK, Tok AIY, Fan HJ. Atomic layer deposition for nanofabrication and interface engineering. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:1522-1528. [PMID: 22307135 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr11875k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) provides a tool for conformal coating on high aspect-ratio nanostructures with excellent uniformity. It has become a technique for both template-directed nanofabrications and engineering of surface properties. This Feature Article highlights the application of ALD in selected fields including photonics, SERS and energy materials. Specifically, the topics include fabrication of plasmonic nanostructures for the SERS applications, fabrication of 3-D nanoarchitectured photoanodes for solar energy conversions (dye-sensitized solar cells and photoelectrochemical cells), and coating of electrodes to enhance the cyclic stability and thus device life span of batteries. Dielectric coating for tailoring optical properties of semiconductor nanostructures is also discussed as exemplified by ZnO nanowires. Future direction of ALD in these applications is discussed at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monan Liu
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
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28
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Sulka GD, Hnida K. Distributed Bragg reflector based on porous anodic alumina fabricated by pulse anodization. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 23:075303. [PMID: 22273598 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/7/075303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) based on nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) formed by pulse anodization. The AAO structure with alternating mild anodized (MA) and hard anodized (HA) layers having different porosities and thereby different refractive indices was fabricated in 0.3 M H₂SO₄ using potential pulses of 25 and 35 V. The effective refractive index of the HA layers can be tailored by changing the porosity of the HA layers. The porosity of the HA layers can be significantly increased by selective chemical etching of HA segments in 0.52 M H₃PO₄. Before etching, the porous AAO structure was supported by a polymer nanorod frame. On the selected surface area pores were infiltrated with polymers (polystyrene and PMMA). The designed AAO structure consists of alternating high and low refractive index layers and behaves as a distributed Bragg mirror reflecting light in two different ranges of wavelength. This behavior is extremely important in optical communication lines where two separate spectral bands of high reflectivity in the infrared region are desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz D Sulka
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30060 Krakow, Poland.
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29
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Yao Y, Chaubey GS, Wiley JB. Fabrication of nanopeapods: scrolling of niobate nanosheets for magnetic nanoparticle chain encapsulation. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 134:2450-2. [PMID: 21936515 DOI: 10.1021/ja206237v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Scrolling of niobate nanosheets (NSs) in the presence of magnetic nanoparticle (NP) chains can lead to peapodlike structures. Surface functional groups on both the NSs and NPs are important in directing the assembly and subsequent NS convolution. The dimensions of the peapods are typically dictated by the diameters of the NPs and the length of the NP chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Department of Chemistry and Advanced Materials Research Institute, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148, USA
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30
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García-Fuente A, García-Suárez VM, Ferrer J, Vega A. Structure and electronic properties of molybdenum monatomic wires encapsulated in carbon nanotubes. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2011; 23:265302. [PMID: 21666307 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/26/265302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Monatomic chains of molybdenum encapsulated in single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of different chiralities are investigated using density functional theory. We determine the optimal size of the CNT for encapsulating a single atomic wire, as well as the most stable atomic arrangement adopted by the wire. We also study the transport properties in the ballistic regime by computing the transmission coefficients and tracing them back to the electronic conduction channels of the wire and the host. We predict that CNTs of appropriate radii encapsulating a Mo wire have metallic behavior, even if both the nanotube and the wire are insulators. Therefore, encapsulation of Mo wires in CNTs is a way to create conductive quasi-one-dimensional hybrid nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- A García-Fuente
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Atómica y Óptica. Universidad de Valladolid, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
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31
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Mou F, Guan JG, Shi W, Sun Z, Wang S. Oriented contraction: a facile nonequilibrium heat-treatment approach for fabrication of maghemite fiber-in-tube and tube-in-tube nanostructures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:15580-15585. [PMID: 20839793 DOI: 10.1021/la102830p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present a simple and effective nonequilibrium heat-treatment approach that allows for the facile fabrication of maghemite (γ-Fe(2)O(3)) fiber-in-tube and tube-in-tube nanostructures by heat-treating electrospun precursor fibers composed of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and iron citrate with a carefully devised heating rate (R). In this nonequilibrium heat-treatment procedure, R can be easily utilized to tune the temperature gradient established in the inner portion of the fibers and the difference between the cohesive force and the adhesive force at the interface layer between the inner gel and the dense rigid shell generated in situ by a high R. Therefore, the contraction direction of the precursor nanofibers and the final morphology of the resultant γ-Fe(2)O(3) fibers ranging from a simple tube to a fiber in tube to a tube in tube are realized for control. The nonequilibrium heat-treatment approach reported here can be readily extended to the fabrication of other materials with controllable interior structures by fast heating their corresponding gel precursors, which may be fabricated on the basis of electrospinning techniques and others. The resultant γ-Fe(2)O(3) fiber-in-tube and tube-in-tube nanostructures may have important applications in a number of areas, such as magnetic separable catalysts or catalyst supporting materials, sensors, absorbents, microreactors, and so forth, because of their structural characteristics and good magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhi Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
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32
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Hsiung CP, Liao HW, Gan JY, Wu TB, Hwang JC, Chen F, Tsai MJ. Formation and instability of silver nanofilament in Ag-based programmable metallization cells. ACS NANO 2010; 4:5414-20. [PMID: 20707382 DOI: 10.1021/nn1010667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report on the formation and rupture of Ag nanofilament on planar Ag/TiO2/Pt cells using visual observation. During the forming process, the filament tends to stay very thin. Specifically, it is so thin that it breaks up into a chain of nanospheres (according to Rayleigh instability) right after the formation has been completed. Similar mechanical breakup may also impact vertically stacked cells, causing reliability concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Po Hsiung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China.
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33
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Chen PH, Hsieh CH, Chen SY, Wu CH, Wu YJ, Chou LJ, Chen LJ. Direct observation of Au/Ga2O3 peapodded nanowires and their plasmonic behaviors. NANO LETTERS 2010; 10:3267-3271. [PMID: 20715805 DOI: 10.1021/nl1005977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Gold-peapodded Ga(2)O(3) nanowires were fabricated successfully in a well-controlled manner by thermal annealing of core-shell gold-Ga(2)O(3) nanowires. During the heating process, the core gold nanowires were broken up into chains of nanoparticles at sufficiently high temperature by the mechanism of Rayleigh instability. In addition, the size, shape, and interspacing between the particles can be manipulated by varying the annealing time and/or the forming gas. The plasmonic behaviors of these nanostructures are investigated by optical spectroscopy. A single nanowire optical device was designed, and its photonic characteristics were investigated. A remarkably high on/off photocurrent ratio in response to a 532 nm Nd:YAG laser light was found. As the size of the particle (pea) increases, the corresponding spectra are red-shifted. In addition, morphological changes of the peas lead to a distinct spectral response. The results may usher in the diverse applications in optoelectronics and biosensing devices with peapod nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, Republic of China
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34
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Hangarter CM, Lee YI, Hernandez SC, Choa YH, Myung NV. Nanopeapods by Galvanic Displacement Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:7081-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201001559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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35
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Hangarter CM, Lee YI, Hernandez SC, Choa YH, Myung NV. Nanopeapods by Galvanic Displacement Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201001559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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36
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Bioinspired synthesis and preparation of multilevel micro/nanostructured materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11458-010-0002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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37
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Zhu W, Wang G, Hong X, Shen X, Li D, Xie X. Metal nanoparticle chains embedded in TiO2 nanotubes prepared by one-step electrodeposition. Electrochim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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38
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Zhou WW, Sun L, Yu T, Zhang JX, Gong H, Fan HJ. The morphology of Au@MgO nanopeapods. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:455603. [PMID: 19834247 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/45/455603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The structure of metal nanoparticles embedded inside dielectric nanowires/nanotubes, namely nanopeapods, has been of increasing interest due to their unusual photoresponse and optical adsorption properties. This paper presents a type of new inorganic nanopeapod: faceted Au nanoparticles inside MgO nanowires. The Au self-assembles into a nanoparticle chain during the vapor-liquid-solid growth of the MgO nanowires for which gold also serves as the catalyst. Surprisingly such a chain can follow the whole axis of the MgO nanowires even if the latter zigzag, provided that the amount of gold is sufficient. It is shown that such Au@MgO nanopeapods form not only under metalorganic chemical vapor deposition conditions (Lai et al 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 94 022904), but also under our conventional vapor transport deposition condition. This new nanopeapod material might be a candidate for the study of electronic and/or plasmonic wave transport along nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- W W Zhou
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
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