1
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Zaferani M, Song R, Petry S, Stone HA. Building on-chip cytoskeletal circuits via branched microtubule networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2315992121. [PMID: 38232292 PMCID: PMC10823238 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2315992121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Controllable platforms to engineer robust cytoskeletal scaffolds have the potential to create novel on-chip nanotechnologies. Inspired by axons, we combined the branching microtubule (MT) nucleation pathway with microfabrication to develop "cytoskeletal circuits." This active matter platform allows control over the adaptive self-organization of uniformly polarized MT arrays via geometric features of microstructures designed within a microfluidic confinement. We build and characterize basic elements, including turns and divisions, as well as complex regulatory elements, such as biased division and MT diodes, to construct various MT architectures on a chip. Our platform could be used in diverse applications, ranging from efficient on-chip molecular transport to mechanical nano-actuators. Further, cytoskeletal circuits can serve as a tool to study how the physical environment contributes to MT architecture in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meisam Zaferani
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
- Omenn-Darling Bioengineering Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
| | - Ryungeun Song
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
| | - Sabine Petry
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
| | - Howard A. Stone
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
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2
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Miyazako H, Kawamura R, Hoshino T. Surface-limited reactions for spatial control of kinesin-microtubule motility assays using indirect irradiation of an electron beam. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2022; 16:064105. [PMID: 36510626 PMCID: PMC9741523 DOI: 10.1063/5.0124921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Gliding of microtubules (MTs) on kinesins has been applied to lab-on-a-chip devices, which enable autonomous transportation and detection of biomolecules in the field of bioengineering. For rapid fabrication and evaluation of the kinesin-MT based devices, optical control techniques have been developed for control of kinesin activity and density; however, use of caged molecules lacks spatial controllability for long-term experiments, and direct irradiations of UV light onto kinesin-coated surfaces are inherently damaging to MTs due to their depth limit since the heights of the kinesin-MT systems are at the tens of a nanometer scale. Considering surface electric fields in electrolytic solutions are shielded at the nanometer scale due to Debye shielding, in this study, we show that fine spatial control of kinesin density and activity is enabled using surface-limited electrochemical reactions induced by indirect irradiations of an electron beam (EB). An EB is indirectly irradiated onto the kinesins through a 100-nm-thick silicon nitride membrane, and the electrons scattered in the membrane can cause localized electrochemical effects to the kinesins. We show that these localized electrochemical effects cause both ablation of kinesins and motility control of kinesin activity by changing the EB acceleration voltage. In particular, the latter is achieved without complete ablation of MTs, though the MTs are indirectly irradiated by the EB. As a demonstration of on-demand control of gliding MTs, we show the accumulation of the MTs on a target area by scanning the EB. The proposed accumulation technique will lead to rapid prototyping of microdevices based on MT-kinesin motility assay systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Miyazako
- Department of Information Physics and Computing, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Kawamura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
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3
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Matsuo K. Photopharmacological Tools for Mitotic Cell Division. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2022; 142:513-519. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.21-00203-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Matsuo
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University
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4
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Inaba H, Matsuura K. Modulation of Microtubule Properties and Functions by Encapsulation of Nanomaterials Using a Tau-Derived Peptide. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Inaba
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Centre for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Kazunori Matsuura
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Centre for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
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5
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Haque S, Kikukawa T, Tamaoki N. Photoisomerization of azobenzene units drives the photochemical reaction cycles of proteorhodopsin and bacteriorhodopsin analogues. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:6312-6327. [PMID: 32748909 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01486a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study we substituted the retinal units in proteorhodopsin (PR) and bacteriorhodopsin (BR) with azo chromophores to investigate the mechanism of photoinduced proton pumping in rhodopsins and potentially develop new artificial molecular pumps. We used an indium tin oxide electrode to investigate the photoinduced proton transfer of the azo analogues of PR and BR. We also employed flash photolysis to determine the characteristic photocycles, comprising multiple transient intermediates, of the azo chromophore-bound PR and BR. Moreover, our studies of the photoinduced proton pumping functions of azo-proteoopsin and azo-bacterioopsin complexes revealed that they did not pump protons upon illumination, even though they underwent photoinduced proton transfer and the characteristic photocycle. Mutational analysis suggested that the proton pumping malfunction of the azo analogues of PR and BR resulted from the absence of proton transfer reactions through cytoplasmic channels, even though these reactions were evoked in extracellular channels. Based on our experimental findings, we propose herein a putative model of the proton transfer reaction mechanism for the azo analogues of PR and BR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shariful Haque
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan. and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kikukawa
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan and Global Station for Soft Matter, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tamaoki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan. and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
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6
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Akter M, Keya JJ, Kabir AMR, Asanuma H, Murayama K, Sada K, Kakugo A. Photo-regulated trajectories of gliding microtubules conjugated with DNA. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:7953-7956. [PMID: 32537622 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03124k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We regulate the persistency in motion of kinesin-driven microtubules (MTs) simply using a photoresponsive DNA (pDNA) and ultraviolet (UV)-visible light. The path persistence length of MTs, which is a measure of the persistency in their motion, increases and decreases upon illuminating the MTs with UV and visible light respectively. Moreover, pDNA is found to work as a shield for MTs against damage under UV irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Akter
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan.
| | | | | | - Hiroyuki Asanuma
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Osaka, 564-8680, Japan
| | - Keiji Murayama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Osaka, 564-8680, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sada
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan. and Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Akira Kakugo
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan. and Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
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7
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Liang X, Li L, Tang J, Komiyama M, Ariga K. Dynamism of Supramolecular DNA/RNA Nanoarchitectonics: From Interlocked Structures to Molecular Machines. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingguo Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxuan Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
| | - Makoto Komiyama
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- WPI-MANA, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
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8
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Mafy NN, Matsuo K, Hiruma S, Uehara R, Tamaoki N. Photoswitchable CENP-E Inhibitor Enabling the Dynamic Control of Chromosome Movement and Mitotic Progression. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:1763-1767. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Noushaba Nusrat Mafy
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Kazuya Matsuo
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Shota Hiruma
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Ryota Uehara
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tamaoki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan
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9
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Albert L, Vázquez O. Photoswitchable peptides for spatiotemporal control of biological functions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10192-10213. [PMID: 31411602 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03346g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Light is unsurpassed in its ability to modulate biological interactions. Since their discovery, chemists have been fascinated by photosensitive molecules capable of switching between isomeric forms, known as photoswitches. Photoswitchable peptides have been recognized for many years; however, their functional implementation in biological systems has only recently been achieved. Peptides are now acknowledged as excellent protein-protein interaction modulators and have been important in the emergence of photopharmacology. In this review, we briefly explain the different classes of photoswitches and summarize structural studies when they are incorporated into peptides. Importantly, we provide a detailed overview of the rapidly increasing number of examples, where biological modulation is driven by the structural changes. Furthermore, we discuss some of the remaining challenges faced in this field. These exciting proof-of-principle studies highlight the tremendous potential of photocontrollable peptides as optochemical tools for chemical biology and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Albert
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
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10
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Abstract
Directed motion at the nanoscale is a central attribute of life, and chemically driven motor proteins are nature's choice to accomplish it. Motivated and inspired by such bionanodevices, in the past few decades chemists have developed artificial prototypes of molecular motors, namely, multicomponent synthetic species that exhibit directionally controlled, stimuli-induced movements of their parts. In this context, photonic and redox stimuli represent highly appealing modes of activation, particularly from a technological viewpoint. Here we describe the evolution of the field of photo- and redox-driven artificial molecular motors, and we provide a comprehensive review of the work published in the past 5 years. After an analysis of the general principles that govern controlled and directed movement at the molecular scale, we describe the fundamental photochemical and redox processes that can enable its realization. The main classes of light- and redox-driven molecular motors are illustrated, with a particular focus on recent designs, and a thorough description of the functions performed by these kinds of devices according to literature reports is presented. Limitations, challenges, and future perspectives of the field are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Baroncini
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Istituto ISOF-CNR , via Gobetti 101 , 40129 Bologna , Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari , Università di Bologna , viale Fanin 44 , 40127 Bologna , Italy
| | - Serena Silvi
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Istituto ISOF-CNR , via Gobetti 101 , 40129 Bologna , Italy.,Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician" , Università di Bologna , via Selmi 2 , 40126 Bologna , Italy
| | - Alberto Credi
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Istituto ISOF-CNR , via Gobetti 101 , 40129 Bologna , Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari , Università di Bologna , viale Fanin 44 , 40127 Bologna , Italy
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11
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Amrutha AS, Sunil Kumar KR, Tamaoki N. Azobenzene‐Based Photoswitches Facilitating Reversible Regulation of Kinesin and Myosin Motor Systems for Nanotechnological Applications. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ammathnadu S. Amrutha
- Research Institute for Electronic ScienceHokkaido University Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 001-0020 Japan
| | - K. R. Sunil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and BiotechnologySchool of EngineeringThe University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tamaoki
- Research Institute for Electronic ScienceHokkaido University Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 001-0020 Japan
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12
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Islam MJ, Matsuo K, Menezes HM, Takahashi M, Nakagawa H, Kakugo A, Sada K, Tamaoki N. Substrate selectivity and its mechanistic insight of the photo-responsive non-nucleoside triphosphate for myosin and kinesin. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:53-65. [PMID: 30534753 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02714e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Linear motor proteins including kinesin and myosin are promising biomaterials for developing nano-devices. Photoswitchable substrates of these biomotors can be used to optically regulate the motility of their associated cytoskeletal filaments in in vitro systems. Here, we describe the discovery of the myosin selective azobenzene-tethered triphosphate. It enables the specific photocontrol over myosin in a reversible mode with the composite motility assay composed of both kinesin and myosin. The mechanistic insight into this myosin selectivity is also explained with the docking simulation study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jahirul Islam
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Japan.
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13
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Martinez-Cuezva A, Morales F, Marley GR, Lopez-Lopez A, Martinez-Costa JC, Bautista D, Alajarin M, Berna J. Thermally and Photochemically Induced Dethreading of Fumaramide-Based Kinetically Stable Pseudo[2]rotaxanes. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Martinez-Cuezva
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Química; Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Fatima Morales
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Química; Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Grace R. Marley
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Química; Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Adrian Lopez-Lopez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Química; Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Martinez-Costa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Química; Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | | | - Mateo Alajarin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Química; Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Jose Berna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Química; Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
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14
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Li F, Pan J, Choi JH. Local direction change of surface gliding microtubules. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:1128-1138. [PMID: 30659580 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In vitro gliding assay, microtubule translocation by kinesin motor proteins on a surface, has been used as an engineering tool in analyte detection, molecular cargo transport, and other applications. Although controlling the moving direction is often necessary to realize these applications, current direction control methods focus largely on lithographic microfabrication of tracks or external fields on the microtubules. These methods are effective, but are relatively complicated. In addition, they cannot target particular microtubules without affecting others. In this study, we propose a facile approach that can make local direction changes for selected microtubules using a polystyrene particle as a circular motion center and a DNA double helix with streptavidin as a capture arm. The DNA arm captures a microtubule in the close proximity of the immobilized particle via biotin-streptavidin interaction and changes the moving direction ~10° on average. In contrast, no significant direction changes are observed other than random variations with streptavidin-less DNA arms (normal distribution centered at 0°), similar to regular motility assay. The particle-assisted local direction change scheme is compared with a flow field-based ensemble method. The combination of flow and kinesin interactions with each microtubule exerts a force to change the direction, ultimately aligning it to the flow field, regardless of its initial direction. A simple model based on the force balance predicts the time needed for such an alignment. Overall, the particle-based local scheme is distinct and different from ensemble methods such as crossflow that changes directions of all microtubules in the field, thus offering unique utility in engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiran Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jing Pan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jong Hyun Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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15
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Tas R, Chen CY, Katrukha EA, Vleugel M, Kok M, Dogterom M, Akhmanova A, Kapitein LC. Guided by Light: Optical Control of Microtubule Gliding Assays. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:7524-7528. [PMID: 30449112 PMCID: PMC6295924 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Force generation by molecular motors drives biological processes such as asymmetric cell division and cell migration. Microtubule gliding assays in which surface-immobilized motor proteins drive microtubule propulsion are widely used to study basic motor properties as well as the collective behavior of active self-organized systems. Additionally, these assays can be employed for nanotechnological applications such as analyte detection, biocomputation, and mechanical sensing. While such assays allow tight control over the experimental conditions, spatiotemporal control of force generation has remained underdeveloped. Here we use light-inducible protein-protein interactions to recruit molecular motors to the surface to control microtubule gliding activity in vitro. We show that using these light-inducible interactions, proteins can be recruited to the surface in patterns, reaching a ∼5-fold enrichment within 6 s upon illumination. Subsequently, proteins are released with a half-life of 13 s when the illumination is stopped. We furthermore demonstrate that light-controlled kinesin recruitment results in reversible activation of microtubule gliding along the surface, enabling efficient control over local microtubule motility. Our approach to locally control force generation offers a way to study the effects of nonuniform pulling forces on different microtubule arrays and also provides novel strategies for local control in nanotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roderick
P. Tas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Chiung-Yi Chen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eugene A. Katrukha
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mathijs Vleugel
- Department
of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Maurits Kok
- Department
of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Marileen Dogterom
- Department
of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Akhmanova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lukas C. Kapitein
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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16
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Korten T, Tavkin E, Scharrel L, Kushwaha VS, Diez S. An automated in vitro motility assay for high-throughput studies of molecular motors. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:3196-3206. [PMID: 30204813 PMCID: PMC6180315 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00547h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Molecular motors, essential to force-generation and cargo transport within cells, are invaluable tools for powering nanobiotechnological lab-on-a-chip devices. These devices are based on in vitro motility assays that reconstitute molecular transport with purified motor proteins, requiring a deep understanding of the biophysical properties of motor proteins and thorough optimization to enable motility under varying environmental conditions. Until now, these assays have been prepared manually, severely limiting throughput. To overcome this limitation, we developed an in vitro motility assay where sample preparation, imaging and data evaluation are fully automated, enabling the processing of a 384-well plate within less than three hours. We demonstrate the automated assay for the analysis of peptide inhibitors for kinesin-1 at a wide range of concentrations, revealing that the IAK domain responsible for kinesin-1 auto-inhibition is both necessary and sufficient to decrease the affinity of the motor protein for microtubules, an aspect that was hidden in previous experiments due to scarcity of data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Korten
- B CUBE - Center for Molecular Bioengineering
, Technische Universität Dresden
,
01069 Dresden
, Germany
.
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics
,
01307 Dresden
, Germany
| | - Elena Tavkin
- B CUBE - Center for Molecular Bioengineering
, Technische Universität Dresden
,
01069 Dresden
, Germany
.
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics
,
01307 Dresden
, Germany
| | - Lara Scharrel
- B CUBE - Center for Molecular Bioengineering
, Technische Universität Dresden
,
01069 Dresden
, Germany
.
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics
,
01307 Dresden
, Germany
| | - Vandana Singh Kushwaha
- B CUBE - Center for Molecular Bioengineering
, Technische Universität Dresden
,
01069 Dresden
, Germany
.
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics
,
01307 Dresden
, Germany
| | - Stefan Diez
- B CUBE - Center for Molecular Bioengineering
, Technische Universität Dresden
,
01069 Dresden
, Germany
.
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics
,
01307 Dresden
, Germany
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17
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Tjioe M, Ryoo H, Ishitsuka Y, Ge P, Bookwalter C, Huynh W, McKenney RJ, Trybus KM, Selvin PR. Magnetic Cytoskeleton Affinity Purification of Microtubule Motors Conjugated to Quantum Dots. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:2278-2286. [PMID: 29932650 PMCID: PMC6452869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We develop magnetic cytoskeleton affinity (MiCA) purification, which allows for rapid isolation of molecular motors conjugated to large multivalent quantum dots, in miniscule quantities, which is especially useful for single-molecule applications. When purifying labeled molecular motors, an excess of fluorophores or labels is usually used. However, large labels tend to sediment during the centrifugation step of microtubule affinity purification, a traditionally powerful technique for motor purification. This is solved with MiCA, and purification time is cut from 2 h to 20 min, a significant time-savings when it needs to be done daily. For kinesin, MiCA works with as little as 0.6 μg protein, with yield of ∼27%, compared to 41% with traditional purification. We show the utility of MiCA purification in a force-gliding assay with kinesin, allowing, for the first time, simultaneous determination of whether the force from each motor in a multiple-motor system drives or hinders microtubule movement. Furthermore, we demonstrate rapid purification of just 30 ng dynein-dynactin-BICD2N-QD (DDB-QD), ordinarily a difficult protein-complex to purify.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Walter Huynh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology , University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , California 94143 , United States
| | - Richard J McKenney
- Molecular & Cellular Biology , University of California, Davis , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Kathleen M Trybus
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics , University of Vermont , Burlington , Vermont 05405 , United States
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18
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Seki T. A Wide Array of Photoinduced Motions in Molecular and Macromolecular Assemblies at Interfaces. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Seki
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
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19
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Amrutha AS, Kumar KRS, Kikukawa T, Tamaoki N. Targeted Activation of Molecular Transportation by Visible Light. ACS NANO 2017; 11:12292-12301. [PMID: 29125732 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b06059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Regulated transportation of nanoscale objects with a high degree of spatiotemporal precision is a prerequisite for the development of targeted molecular delivery. In vitro integration of the kinesin-microtubule motor system with synthetic molecules offers opportunities to develop controllable molecular shuttles for lab-on-a-chip applications. We attempted a combination of the kinesin-microtubule motor system with push-pull type azobenzene tethered inhibitory peptides (azo-peptides) through which reversible, spatiotemporal control over the kinesin motor activity was achieved locally by a single, visible wavelength. The fast thermal relaxation of the cis-isomers of azo-peptides offered us quick and complete resetting of the trans-state in the dark, circumventing the requirement of two distinct wavelengths for two-way switching of kinesin-driven microtubule motility. Herein, we report the manipulation of selected, single microtubule movement while keeping other microtubules at complete rest. The photoresponsive inhibitors discussed herein would help in realizing complex bionanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammathnadu S Amrutha
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University , N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - K R Sunil Kumar
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University , N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - Takashi Kikukawa
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
- Global Station for Soft Matter, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tamaoki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University , N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
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20
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Wojcik L, Michaud F, Gauthier S, Cabon N, Le Poul P, Gloaguen F, Le Poul N. Reversible Redox Switching of Chromophoric Phenylmethylenepyrans by Carbon-Carbon Bond Making/Breaking. J Org Chem 2017; 82:12395-12405. [PMID: 29058426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Electrochromic organic systems that can undergo substantial variation of their optical properties upon electron stimulus are of high interest for the development of functional materials. In particular, devices based on radical dimerization are appropriate because of the effectiveness and speed of carbon-carbon bond making/breaking. Phenylmethylenepyrans are organic chromophores which are well suited for such purposes since their oxidation leads to the reversible formation of bispyrylium species by radical dimerization. In this paper, we show that the redox and spectroscopic properties of phenylmethylenepyrans can be modulated by adequate variation of the substituting group on the para position of the phenyl moiety, as supported by DFT calculations. This redox switching is reversible over several cycles and is accompanied by a significant modification of the UV-vis spectrum of the chromophore, as shown by time-resolved spectroelectrochemistry in thin-layer conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurianne Wojcik
- Laboratoire CEMCA, CNRS UMR 6521, Université de Bretagne Occidentale , 6 Avenue Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, Brest 29238 Cedex, France
| | - François Michaud
- Service PIMM-DRX, Université de Bretagne Occidentale , 6 Avenue Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, Brest29238 Cedex, France
| | - Sébastien Gauthier
- IUT de Lannion, CNRS UMR 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1 , Rue Edouard Branly, 22300 Lannion, France
| | - Nolwenn Cabon
- IUT de Lannion, CNRS UMR 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1 , Rue Edouard Branly, 22300 Lannion, France
| | - Pascal Le Poul
- IUT de Lannion, CNRS UMR 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1 , Rue Edouard Branly, 22300 Lannion, France
| | - Frederic Gloaguen
- Laboratoire CEMCA, CNRS UMR 6521, Université de Bretagne Occidentale , 6 Avenue Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, Brest 29238 Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Le Poul
- Laboratoire CEMCA, CNRS UMR 6521, Université de Bretagne Occidentale , 6 Avenue Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, Brest 29238 Cedex, France
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21
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Mahajan KD, Cui Y, Dorcéna CJ, Bouxsien NF, Bachand GD, Chalmers JJ, Winter JO. Magnetic Quantum Dots Steer and Detach Microtubules From Kinesin-Coated Surfaces. Biotechnol J 2017; 13. [PMID: 28941258 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The microtubule (MT)-kinesin system has been extensively studied because of its role in cellular processes, as well as its potential use for controllably transporting objects at the nanoscale. Thus, there is substantial interest in methods to evaluate MT properties, including bending radius and the binding energy of kinesin motor proteins to MT tracks. Current methods to identify these properties include optical tweezers, microfluidic devices, and magnetic fields. Here, the use of magnetic quantum dots (i.e., MagDots) is evaluated as a method to study MT-kinesin interactions via applied magnetic forces. Magnetic fields are generated using a magnetic needle whose field gradient is quantified by finite element modeling (FEM). Magnetic force is applied to MagDot-labeled MTs and demonstrated sufficient to steer and detach MTs from kinesin-coated surfaces. Taking advantage of the dual-functionality of MagDots, the magnetic force experienced by a single MagDot and the number of MagDots on MTs are determined. The total force exerted on MTs by MagDots is estimated to be ≈0.94-2.47 pN. This approach could potentially be used to interrogate MT properties and MT-kinesin interactions, enhancing our biological understanding of this system and enabling further development of MT shuttles for nanotransport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpesh D Mahajan
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yixiao Cui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C Jenny Dorcéna
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nathan F Bouxsien
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - George D Bachand
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Chalmers
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jessica O Winter
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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22
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Zhao Z, Zhang H, Shu D, Montemagno C, Ding B, Li J, Guo P. Construction of Asymmetrical Hexameric Biomimetic Motors with Continuous Single-Directional Motion by Sequential Coordination. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:10.1002/smll.201601600. [PMID: 27709780 PMCID: PMC5217803 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201601600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The significance of bionanomotors in nanotechnology is analogous to mechanical motors in daily life. Here the principle and approach for designing and constructing biomimetic nanomotors with continuous single-directional motion are reported. This bionanomotor is composed of a dodecameric protein channel, a six-pRNA ring, and an ATPase hexamer. Based on recent elucidations of the one-way revolving mechanisms of the phi29 double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) motor, various RNA and protein elements are designed and tested by single-molecule imaging and biochemical assays, with which the motor with active components has been constructed. The motor motion direction is controlled by three operation elements: (1) Asymmetrical ATPase with ATP-interacting domains for alternative DNA binding/pushing regulated by an arginine finger in a sequential action manner. The arginine finger bridges two adjacent ATPase subunits into a non-covalent dimer, resulting in an asymmetrical hexameric complex containing one dimer and four monomers. (2) The dsDNA translocation channel as a one-way valve. (3) The hexameric pRNA ring geared with left-/right-handed loops. Assessments of these constructs reveal that one inactive subunit of pRNA/ATPase is sufficient to completely block motor function (defined as K = 1), implying that these components work sequentially based on the principle of binomial distribution and Yang Hui's triangle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyi Zhao
- College of Pharmacy; College of Medicine/Department of Physiology & Cell Biology/Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy; College of Medicine/Department of Physiology & Cell Biology/Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dan Shu
- College of Pharmacy; College of Medicine/Department of Physiology & Cell Biology/Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Carlo Montemagno
- Chemical and Materials Engineering and Ingenuity Lab, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Baoquan Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jingyuan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China
| | - Peixuan Guo
- College of Pharmacy; College of Medicine/Department of Physiology & Cell Biology/Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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23
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Gao J, Tang L, Holmes S, Li F, Palmer RE, Guo Q. Surface-induced symmetry reduction in molecular switching: asymmetric cis-trans switching of CH 3S-Au-SCH 3 on Au(111). NANOSCALE 2016; 8:19787-19793. [PMID: 27874122 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06864b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The cis-trans isomerization of CH3S-Au-SCH3 driven by the tip of the scanning tunneling microscope is investigated at 77 K. CH3S-Au-SCH3 anchored on the Au(111) surface with the S-Au-S axis parallel to the substrate functions as a molecular switch due to the flipping of the CH3 groups. The bonding between CH3S-Au-SCH3 and Au(111) leads to asymmetric isomerization where one of the two methyl groups flips much more effectively than the other, despite the symmetry of CH3S-Au-SCH3. Our findings suggest the possibility of constructing similar molecular switches that can be operated at room temperature and a potential route for fine-tuning of molecular switches in future nanoscale electro-mechanical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhi Gao
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Scott Holmes
- Nanoscale Physics Research Laboratory, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Fangsen Li
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Richard E Palmer
- Nanoscale Physics Research Laboratory, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Quanmin Guo
- Nanoscale Physics Research Laboratory, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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24
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Kumar KRS, Amrutha AS, Tamaoki N. Spatiotemporal control of kinesin motor protein by photoswitches enabling selective single microtubule regulations. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:4702-4709. [PMID: 27785507 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01098a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Artificial control of bio-nanomachines should have a major impact on the development of controllable transport systems for specific cargo transport on chips. Precise spatiotemporal control and local regulation of the bio-motor activity will, however, be necessary if we are to accomplish such a goal. In this study, we exploited the photoswitching properties of azobenzene-based high-energy molecules and inhibitors to control a single kinesin-driven microtubule that has potential to work as a nanocarrier for molecular cargos. In particular, we could influence the local concentration and dispersion of the microtubules at any desired position and time by irradiating a local area of the motility system at one wavelength, while irradiating the entire area at another wavelength, to enrich either cis or trans isomers of photoswitches in the selected region. Furthermore, various regulations (e.g., transporting, bending, breaking) of single microtubules were possible while almost arresting ambient microtubules-all without the need for any surface patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Sunil Kumar
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan.
| | - Ammathnadu S Amrutha
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan.
| | - Nobuyuki Tamaoki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan.
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25
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Cui W, Wang A, Zhao J, Li J. Biomacromolecules based core/shell architecture toward biomedical applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 237:43-51. [PMID: 27773338 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules have become a novel and promising class of hybrid materials with great potential since they can be applied in various areas, such as pharmaceutical sciences, biotechnology, and biomedicine. The concept of using such carriers for biology application is diagnosis and treatment of diseases for convenience, safety and specific targeting. Therefore, the development of biocompatible, biodegradable and specific characteristic nanostructure material is highly desirable. Much effort has been devoted to exploring innovative and effective techniques to fabricate such materials. Among the available techniques, layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly capsules have attracted considerable attention attributing to the flexibly controlled size, shape, composition, wall thickness and functions. Protein, as the large class of biomacromolecules, was incorporated into capsules for improving the biocompatibility and specific function. In this review we provide an overview of the recent progress in biomacromolecular capsules or core/shell architecture with different diameters for the variety of purposes. The size ranging from micro-, sub-micro to nano scale based on the choice of the template. Their advantages are discussed here. The applications of these biomacromolecular capsules in biotechnological fields have also been summarized, for instance blood substitute, ATP carriers, photodynamic therapy and nanomedicines.
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26
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Vélez M. Dynamic and Active Proteins: Biomolecular Motors in Engineered Nanostructures. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 940:121-141. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-39196-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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27
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Ichimura K. Procedures for Converting Electronic Absorption Spectra into Higher-Order Derivatives to Examine Photoinduced Spectral Changes. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20160032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Mahajan KD, Ruan G, Dorcéna CJ, Vieira G, Nabar G, Bouxsein NF, Chalmers JJ, Bachand GD, Sooryakumar R, Winter JO. Steering microtubule shuttle transport with dynamically controlled magnetic fields. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:8641-8649. [PMID: 27049749 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr08529b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale control of matter is critical to the design of integrated nanosystems. Here, we describe a method to dynamically control directionality of microtubule (MT) motion using programmable magnetic fields. MTs are combined with magnetic quantum dots (i.e., MagDots) that are manipulated by external magnetic fields provided by magnetic nanowires. MT shuttles thus undergo both ATP-driven and externally-directed motion with a fluorescence component that permits simultaneous visualization of shuttle motion. This technology is used to alter the trajectory of MTs in motion and to pin MT motion. Such an approach could be used to evaluate the MT-kinesin transport system and could serve as the basis for improved lab-on-a-chip technologies based on MT transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Mahajan
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 151 West Woodruff Avenue and The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - G Ruan
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 151 West Woodruff Avenue and The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA and Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 200697, China
| | - C J Dorcéna
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 151 West Woodruff Avenue and The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - G Vieira
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - G Nabar
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 151 West Woodruff Avenue and The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - N F Bouxsein
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - J J Chalmers
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 151 West Woodruff Avenue and The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - G D Bachand
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - R Sooryakumar
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - J O Winter
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 151 West Woodruff Avenue and The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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29
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Li J, Jia Y, Dong W, Wang A, Li J. pH responsive ATP carriers to drive kinesin movement. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:13044-6. [PMID: 26186258 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05251c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multilayer film coated CaCO3 microspheres were employed as pH responsive ATP carriers to drive kinesin movement. The production of oxygen scavengers in a kinesin-microtubule system induces the decomposition of ATP-loaded CaCO3 microspheres and then leads to the release of ATP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieling Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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30
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Amrutha AS, Kumar KRS, Matsuo K, Tamaoki N. Structure–property relationships of photoresponsive inhibitors of the kinesin motor. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:7202-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00951d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new, more efficient photoresponsive inhibitor (key) of kinesin (lock), for the complete ON/OFF switching of kinesin motor activity was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K. R. Sunil Kumar
- Research Institute for Electronic Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Kazuya Matsuo
- Research Institute for Electronic Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tamaoki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
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31
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Sadeghi H, Sangtarash S, Al-Galiby Q, Sparks R, Bailey S, Lambert CJ. Negative differential electrical resistance of a rotational organic nanomotor. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 6:2332-7. [PMID: 26734524 PMCID: PMC4685900 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.6.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A robust, nanoelectromechanical switch is proposed based upon an asymmetric pendant moiety anchored to an organic backbone between two C60 fullerenes, which in turn are connected to gold electrodes. Ab initio density functional calculations are used to demonstrate that an electric field induces rotation of the pendant group, leading to a nonlinear current-voltage relation. The nonlinearity is strong enough to lead to negative differential resistance at modest source-drain voltages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatef Sadeghi
- Quantum Technology Centre, Department of Physics, Lancaster University, LA1 4YB Lancaster, UK
| | - Sara Sangtarash
- Quantum Technology Centre, Department of Physics, Lancaster University, LA1 4YB Lancaster, UK
| | - Qusiy Al-Galiby
- Quantum Technology Centre, Department of Physics, Lancaster University, LA1 4YB Lancaster, UK
| | - Rachel Sparks
- Quantum Technology Centre, Department of Physics, Lancaster University, LA1 4YB Lancaster, UK
| | - Steven Bailey
- Quantum Technology Centre, Department of Physics, Lancaster University, LA1 4YB Lancaster, UK
| | - Colin J Lambert
- Quantum Technology Centre, Department of Physics, Lancaster University, LA1 4YB Lancaster, UK
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32
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Dong M, Babalhavaeji A, Samanta S, Beharry AA, Woolley GA. Red-Shifting Azobenzene Photoswitches for in Vivo Use. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:2662-70. [PMID: 26415024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 424] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recently, there has been a great deal of interest in using the photoisomerization of azobenzene compounds to control specific biological targets in vivo. These azo compounds can be used as research tools or, in principle, could act as optically controlled drugs. Such "photopharmaceuticals" offer the prospect of targeted drug action and an unprecedented degree of temporal control. A key feature of azo compounds designed to photoswitch in vivo is the wavelength of light required to cause the photoisomerization. To pass through tissue such as the human hand, wavelengths in the red, far-red, or ideally near infrared region are required. This Account describes our attempts to produce such azo compounds. Introducing electron-donating or push/pull substituents at the para positions delocalizes the azobenzene chromophore and leads to long wavelength absorption but usually also lowers the thermal barrier to interconversion of the isomers. Fast thermal relaxation means it is difficult to produce a large steady state fraction of the cis isomer. Thus, specifically activating or inhibiting a biological process with the cis isomer would require an impractically bright light source. We have found that introducing substituents at all four ortho positions leads to azo compounds with a number of unusual properties that are useful for in vivo photoswitching. When the para substituents are amide groups, these tetra-ortho substituted azo compounds show unusually slow thermal relaxation rates and enhanced separation of n-π* transitions of cis and trans isomers compared to analogues without ortho substituents. When para positions are substituted with amino groups, ortho methoxy groups greatly stabilize the azonium form of the compounds, in which the azo group is protonated. Azonium ions absorb strongly in the red region of the spectrum and can reach into the near-IR. These azonium ions can exhibit robust cis-trans isomerization in aqueous solutions at neutral pH. By varying the nature of ortho substituents, together with the number and nature of meta and para substituents, long wavelength switching, stability to photobleaching, stability to hydrolysis, and stability to reduction by thiols can all be crafted into a photoswitch. Some of these newly developed photoswitches can be used in whole blood and show promise for effective use in vivo. It is hoped they can be combined with appropriate bioactive targets to realize the potential of photopharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Dong
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S
3H6, Canada
| | | | - Subhas Samanta
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S
3H6, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Chevron Science Center, 219 Parkman
Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Andrew A. Beharry
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S
3H6, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Mudd Building, Stanford, California 94305-4401, United States
| | - G. Andrew Woolley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S
3H6, Canada
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33
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Xue X, Yang J, Huang W, Yang H, Jiang B, Li F, Jiang Y. Dual thermo- and light-responsive nanorods from self-assembly of the 4-propoxyazobenzene-terminated poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in aqueous solution. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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34
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Ochi R, Perur N, Yoshida K, Tamaoki N. Fast thermal cis–trans isomerization depending on pH and metal ions of water-soluble azobenzene derivatives containing a phosphate group. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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35
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Gan SM, Yuvaraj AR, Lutfor MR, Mashitah MY, Gurumurthy H. Synthesis, liquid crystal characterization and photo-switching studies on fluorine substituted azobenzene based esters. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13700k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Structure property relations by tuning mono and difluoro substitution showing the photoisomerization effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Gan
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology
- University Malaysia Pahang
- Kuantan
- Malaysia
| | - A. R. Yuvaraj
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology
- University Malaysia Pahang
- Kuantan
- Malaysia
| | - M. R. Lutfor
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology
- University Malaysia Pahang
- Kuantan
- Malaysia
| | - M. Y. Mashitah
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology
- University Malaysia Pahang
- Kuantan
- Malaysia
| | - Hegde Gurumurthy
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology
- University Malaysia Pahang
- Kuantan
- Malaysia
- BMS R and D Centre
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36
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Abstract
Ecosystems are characterized by particular scaling laws describing, for example, the relationship between animal abundance and species body weight. It is hypothesized that technological systems follow similar scaling laws, where the abundance of a type of machine correlates with its size. Human progress continuously expands the range of accessible machine sizes, creating a technology trend toward vast numbers of microscopic machines. Current research related to nanomotors, such as the report by Kumar et al. in this issue of ACS Nano describing advances in controlling biomolecular motors, lays the scientific foundation for this trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan J Armstrong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
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