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Harano K, Nakamuro T, Nakamura E. Cinematographic study of stochastic chemical events at atomic resolution. Microscopy (Oxf) 2024; 73:101-116. [PMID: 37864546 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfad052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of single-molecule atomic-resolution time-resolved electron microscopy (SMART-EM) has created a new field of 'cinematic chemistry,' allowing for the cinematographic recording of dynamic behaviors of organic and inorganic molecules and their assembly. However, the limited electron dose per frame of video images presents a major challenge in SMART-EM. Recent advances in direct electron counting cameras and techniques to enhance image quality through the implementation of a denoising algorithm have enabled the tracking of stochastic molecular motions and chemical reactions with sub-millisecond temporal resolution and sub-angstrom localization precision. This review showcases the development of dynamic molecular imaging using the SMART-EM technique, highlighting insights into nanomechanical behavior during molecular shuttle motion, pathways of multistep chemical reactions, and elucidation of crystallization processes at the atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Harano
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakamuro
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Eiichi Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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2
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Shimizu T, Lungerich D, Stuckner J, Murayama M, Harano K, Nakamura E. Real-Time Video Imaging of Mechanical Motions of a Single Molecular Shuttle with Sub-Millisecond Sub-Angstrom Precision. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Dominik Lungerich
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Joshua Stuckner
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Mitsuhiro Murayama
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Reactor Materials and Mechanical Design Group, Energy and Environmental Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Koji Harano
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Eiichi Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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3
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Cao K, Biskupek J, Stoppiello CT, McSweeney RL, Chamberlain TW, Liu Z, Suenaga K, Skowron ST, Besley E, Khlobystov AN, Kaiser U. Atomic mechanism of metal crystal nucleus formation in a single-walled carbon nanotube. Nat Chem 2020; 12:921-928. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-0538-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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4
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Slade CA, Sanchez AM, Sloan J. Unprecedented New Crystalline Forms of SnSe in Narrow to Medium Diameter Carbon Nanotubes. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:2979-2984. [PMID: 30973739 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of four unprecedented new crystalline forms of SnSe, obtained as a result of encapsulation in narrow to medium diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes. Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy at 80 kV revealed linear, zigzag, helical (i.e., 2 × 1) atomic chains and a new form of encapsulated SnSe. This new form is apparently isostructural to free-standing MoS, MoSe, and WSe extreme nanowires etched from the corresponding monolayer dichalcogenides and also recently observed encapsulated MoTe. A structural model has been attained from annular dark-field (ADF) images. The experimental imaging agrees well with image simulations produced from models anticipated for the new structural forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A Slade
- Department of Physics , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Ana M Sanchez
- Department of Physics , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Sloan
- Department of Physics , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
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5
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Nieto-Ortega B, Villalva J, Vera-Hidalgo M, Ruiz-González L, Burzurí E, Pérez EM. Band-Gap Opening in Metallic Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Encapsulation of an Organic Salt. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Belén Nieto-Ortega
- IMDEA Nanoscience; Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco; c/Faraday 9 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Julia Villalva
- IMDEA Nanoscience; Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco; c/Faraday 9 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Mariano Vera-Hidalgo
- IMDEA Nanoscience; Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco; c/Faraday 9 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Luisa Ruiz-González
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Enrique Burzurí
- IMDEA Nanoscience; Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco; c/Faraday 9 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Emilio M. Pérez
- IMDEA Nanoscience; Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco; c/Faraday 9 28049 Madrid Spain
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6
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Band-Gap Opening in Metallic Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Encapsulation of an Organic Salt. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12240-12244. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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7
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Li X, Zhang J, Wang R, Huang H, Xie C, Li Z, Li J, Niu C. In Situ Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube Hybrids with Alternate MoC and MoS2 to Enhance the Electrochemical Activities of MoS2. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:5268-5272. [PMID: 26226386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Molybdenum disulfides and carbides are effective catalysts for hydrogenation and hydridesulfurization, where MoS2 nanostructures are also highly promising materials for lithium ion batteries. High surface-to-volume ratio and strong interactions with conducting networks are crucial factors for their activities. A new hybrid structure of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) with alternate MoC nanoparticles and MoS2 nanosheets (MoS2 + MoC-MWCNT) has been synthesized by controlled carburization of core-shell MoS2-MWCNT hybrid nanotubes and demonstrated by HRTEM, FFT, XRD, and Raman scattering. The MoS2 nanosheets (∼10 nm) remain tightly connected to MWCNT surfaces with {001} planes in parallel to MWCNT walls and the highly crystallized α-MoC particles (∼10 nm) are adhered to MWCNTs at angles of 60-80° between {111} planes and MWCNT walls. The electrochemical performances of the hybrid structures have been demonstrated as anodes for lithium ion batteries to be significantly increased by breaking MoS2 nanotubes into nanosheets (patches) on MWCNT surfaces, especially at high current rates. The specific capacities of MoS2 + MoC-MWCNT sample with ∼23% MoS2 have been demonstrated to be higher than those of MoS2-MWCNTs containing ∼70% MoS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinying Zhang
- Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongyang Huang
- Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chong Xie
- Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun Li
- Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunming Niu
- Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
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8
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Senga R, Komsa HP, Liu Z, Hirose-Takai K, Krasheninnikov AV, Suenaga K. Atomic structure and dynamic behaviour of truly one-dimensional ionic chains inside carbon nanotubes. NATURE MATERIALS 2014; 13:1050-4. [PMID: 25218060 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Materials with reduced dimensionality have attracted much interest in various fields of fundamental and applied science. True one-dimensional (1D) crystals with single-atom thickness have been realized only for few elemental metals (Au, Ag) or carbon, all of which showed very short lifetimes under ambient conditions. We demonstrate here a successful synthesis of stable 1D ionic crystals in which two chemical elements, one being a cation and the other an anion, align alternately inside carbon nanotubes. Unusual dynamical behaviours for different atoms in the 1D lattice are experimentally corroborated and suggest substantial interactions of the atoms with the nanotube sheath. Our theoretical studies indicate that the 1D ionic crystals have optical properties distinct from those of their bulk counterparts and that the properties can be engineered by introducing atomic defects into the chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Senga
- Nanotube Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Central 5, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - Hannu-Pekka Komsa
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, PO Box 11100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Zheng Liu
- Nanotube Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Central 5, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kaori Hirose-Takai
- Nanotube Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Central 5, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | | | - Kazu Suenaga
- Nanotube Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Central 5, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
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9
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Giusca CE, Stolojan V, Sloan J, Börrnert F, Shiozawa H, Sader K, Rümmeli MH, Büchner B, Silva SRP. Confined crystals of the smallest phase-change material. NANO LETTERS 2013; 13:4020-7. [PMID: 23984706 PMCID: PMC3791541 DOI: 10.1021/nl4010354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The demand for high-density memory in tandem with limitations imposed by the minimum feature size of current storage devices has created a need for new materials that can store information in smaller volumes than currently possible. Successfully employed in commercial optical data storage products, phase-change materials, that can reversibly and rapidly change from an amorphous phase to a crystalline phase when subject to heating or cooling have been identified for the development of the next generation electronic memories. There are limitations to the miniaturization of these devices due to current synthesis and theoretical considerations that place a lower limit of 2 nm on the minimum bit size, below which the material does not transform in the structural phase. We show here that by using carbon nanotubes of less than 2 nm diameter as templates phase-change nanowires confined to their smallest conceivable scale are obtained. Contrary to previous experimental evidence and theoretical expectations, the nanowires are found to crystallize at this scale and display amorphous-to-crystalline phase changes, fulfilling an important prerequisite of a memory element. We show evidence for the smallest phase-change material, extending thus the size limit to explore phase-change memory devices at extreme scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina E. Giusca
- Advanced
Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
- E-mail:
| | - Vlad Stolojan
- Advanced
Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Sloan
- Department
of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hidetsugu Shiozawa
- Advanced
Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Kasim Sader
- UK SuperSTEM, Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, WA4 4AD, United
Kingdom
| | - Mark H. Rümmeli
- IFW
Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, Dresden, D-01171, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernd Büchner
- IFW
Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, Dresden, D-01171, Germany
| | - S. Ravi P. Silva
- Advanced
Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
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10
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Skowron ST, Lebedeva IV, Popov AM, Bichoutskaia E. Approaches to modelling irradiation-induced processes in transmission electron microscopy. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:6677-6692. [PMID: 23783785 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr02130k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The recent progress in high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) has given rise to the possibility of in situ observations of nanostructure transformations and chemical reactions induced by electron irradiation. In this article we briefly summarise experimental observations and discuss in detail atomistic modelling of irradiation-induced processes in HRTEM, as well as mechanisms of such processes recognised due to modelling. Accurate molecular dynamics (MD) techniques based on first principles or tight-binding models are employed in the analysis of single irradiation-induced events, and classical MD simulations are combined with a kinetic Monte Carlo algorithm to simulate continuous irradiation of nanomaterials. It has been shown that sulphur-terminated graphene nanoribbons are formed inside carbon nanotubes as a result of an irradiation-selective chemical reaction. The process of fullerene formation in HRTEM during continuous electron irradiation of a small graphene flake has been simulated, and mechanisms driving this transformation analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T Skowron
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Král
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA.
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12
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Electrons for single molecule diffraction and imaging. Ultramicroscopy 2012; 119:72-7. [PMID: 22244495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2011.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2011] [Revised: 11/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the potential of electrons for single molecule diffraction and imaging using C₆₀ molecules confined inside single-walled carbon nanotubes (C₆₀s@SWCNT or peapod) as a model system. A 25 nm diameter electron beam from a field emission gun source is used to record diffraction patterns from individual peapods using imaging plates. The electron beam illuminates about 25 C₆₀ molecules. Experimentally, we found that the molecules diffract inside ∼15% of the host nanotubes. With the help of simulations, we explore the limits of electron molecular diffraction and its sensitivity to the molecular configurations. We show that the combination of electron diffraction and electron direct imaging provides the best approach to single molecule imaging.
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13
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Chen YS, Chang YC, Wang SC, Chen LY, Lien DH, Chen LJ, Chang CS. Critical capillary absorption of current-melted silver nanodroplets into multiwalled carbon nanotubes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2012; 8:2158-2162. [PMID: 22628188 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201200393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Song Chen
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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14
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Ardavan A, Briggs GAD. Quantum control in spintronics. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2011; 369:3229-3248. [PMID: 21727123 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Superposition and entanglement are uniquely quantum phenomena. Superposition incorporates a phase that contains information surpassing any classical mixture. Entanglement offers correlations between measurements in quantum systems that are stronger than any that would be possible classically. These give quantum computing its spectacular potential, but the implications extend far beyond quantum information processing. Early applications may be found in entanglement-enhanced sensing and metrology. Quantum spins in condensed matter offer promising candidates for investigating and exploiting superposition and entanglement, and enormous progress is being made in quantum control of such systems. In gallium arsenide (GaAs), individual electron spins can be manipulated and measured, and singlet-triplet states can be controlled in double-dot structures. In silicon, individual electron spins can be detected by ionization of phosphorus donors, and information can be transferred from electron spins to nuclear spins to provide long memory times. Electron and nuclear spins can be manipulated in nitrogen atoms incarcerated in fullerene molecules, which in turn can be assembled in ordered arrays. Spin states of charged nitrogen vacancy centres in diamond can be manipulated and read optically. Collective spin states in a range of materials systems offer scope for holographic storage of information. Conditions are now excellent for implementing superposition and entanglement in spintronic devices, thereby opening up a new era of quantum technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ardavan
- The Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK.
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15
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Ran K, Zuo JM, Chen Q, Shi Z. Electron beam stimulated molecular motions. ACS NANO 2011; 5:3367-3372. [PMID: 21428451 DOI: 10.1021/nn2006909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Electron microscopy with advances in aberration correction has the power to resolve atoms in single molecules. However, its application is limited by electron irradiation induced molecular motions. A better understanding of damage mechanisms is required to achieve the full potential of electron imaging. Here, we report a direct observation of molecular motions stimulated by an electron beam, which allows us to study the breakdown and formation of molecular bonds using C(60)'s encapsulated inside single-walled carbon nanotubes as a model system. An activation energy of 100 s meV is estimated for the observed molecular motions based on van der Waals interactions. We demonstrate that the molecular confinement can significantly increase the electron energy threshold for breaking the vdW bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ran
- Key Laboratory for Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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16
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Warner JH, Plant SR, Young NP, Porfyrakis K, Kirkland AI, Briggs GAD. Atomic scale growth dynamics of nanocrystals within carbon nanotubes. ACS NANO 2011; 5:1410-1417. [PMID: 21268597 DOI: 10.1021/nn1031802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The confined interior region of carbon nanotubes has proved to be an effective "nano-test-tube" to conduct chemical reactions in a restricted volume. It also benefits from being thin and relatively transparent to electrons, enabling structural characterization using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. This permits real-time monitoring of chemical reactions with atomic resolution. Here, we have studied the dynamics of single Pr atoms released from Pr(2)@C(72) metallofullerenes. We show that the Pr atoms form small nanoclusters that subsequently coalesce to ordered, stable nanocrystals within the confines of a carbon nanotube. This process has been tracked in situ with atomic-resolution using low-voltage aberration-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. We reveal that nanocrystal formation within a nanotube does not generally occur by the addition of single atoms to one pre-existing cluster but rather through aggregation of several smaller clusters. These results provide some of the deepest insights into the dynamics of single-atom behavior in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie H Warner
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom.
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18
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Gorantla S, Börrnert F, Bachmatiuk A, Dimitrakopoulou M, Schönfelder R, Schäffel F, Thomas J, Gemming T, Borowiak-Palen E, Warner JH, Yakobson BI, Eckert J, Büchner B, Rümmeli MH. In situ observations of fullerene fusion and ejection in carbon nanotubes. NANOSCALE 2010; 2:2077-2079. [PMID: 20714658 DOI: 10.1039/c0nr00426j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present in situ experimental observations of fullerenes seamlessly fusing to single-walled carbon nanotubes. The morphing-entry of a fullerene to the interior of a nanotube is also captured. The confined (1D) motion of the newly-encapsulated fullerene within its host attests to the actual change from the exterior to interior.
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19
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Zhou J, Song H, Chen X, Huo J. Diffusion of Metal in a Confined Nanospace of Carbon Nanotubes Induced by Air Oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:11402-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja105712w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jisheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Huaihe Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Junping Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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