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Phytochemical Characterization, Antioxidant Activity, and Cytotoxicity of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Chlorophytum Comosum (Green Type) (Thunb.) Jacq. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030762. [PMID: 35164026 PMCID: PMC8840168 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chlorophytum genus has been extensively studied due to its diverse biological activities. We evaluated the methanolic extract of leaves of Chlorophytum comosum (Green type) (Thunb.) Jacques, the species that is less studied compared to C. borivilianum. The aim was to identify phytoconstituents of the methanolic extract of leaves of C. comosum and biological properties of its different fractions. Water fraction was analyzed with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Nineteen compounds belonging to different chemical classes were identified in the methanolic extract of leaves of C. comosum (Green type) (Thunb.) Jacques. In addition to several fatty acids, isoprenoid and steroid compounds were found among the most abundant constituents. One of the identified compounds, 4'-methylphenyl-1C-sulfonyl-β-d-galactoside, was not detected earlier in Chlorophytum extracts. The water fraction was toxic to HeLa cells but not to Vero cells. Our data demonstrate that methanolic extract of leaves of C. comosum can be a valuable source of bioactive constituents. The water fraction of the extract exhibited promising antitumor potential based on a high ratio of HeLa vs. Vero cytotoxicity.
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Li F, Wu ST, Qu MH, Wang YX, Ma CL, Yu BH, Wang GS. Studies on isolation and structural identification of saponins from the herb Hylomecon japonica and their bioactivities. Carbohydr Res 2021; 507:108391. [PMID: 34271480 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Three undescribed oleanane type triterpenoid saponins (1-3), along with one known saponin (4) were isolated from the whole herb of Hylomecon japonica. Their structures were elucidated by analysis of 1D and 2D-NMR (1H-1H COSY, HSQC, and HMBC) spectroscopic data, mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) and chromatographic date (GC and LC) as 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl gypsogenin 28-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 4)]-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-l-arabinopyranosyl ester (1), 3-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl gypsogenin 28-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 4)]-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-l-arabinopyranosyl ester (2), 3-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl gypsogenin 28-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 4)]-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-galactopyranosyl ester (3), 3-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[α-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl gypsogenin 28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 4)]-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-fucopyranosyl ester (4). All saponins possess a partial sequence β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl at C-3 of the aglycon. Compound 1 has cytotoxic activity against human colon cancer cell lines HT29, 3 against human gastric cancer cell lines AGS, and 4 against human lung cancer cell lines A549, AGS and HT29. Among them, compounds 3 and 4 showed significant inhibitory effect against AGS with IC50 value of 6.01 ± 1.4 μM, 3.66 ± 1.8 μM, respectively. These results represent a contribution to the chemotaxonomy of the saponins of Hylomecon japonica and their bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Si-Tong Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Ming-Hui Qu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Yi-Xiao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Chun-Liu Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Bai-Hong Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Guang-Shu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China.
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Cha JM, Subedi L, Khan Z, Kim SY, Lee KR. A New Diarylheptanoid from the Twigs of Quercus Acutissima and their Neuroprotective Activity. Chem Nat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-020-02990-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Upadhyay S, Jeena GS, Shukla RK. Recent advances in steroidal saponins biosynthesis and in vitro production. PLANTA 2018; 248:519-544. [PMID: 29748819 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2911-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Steroidal saponins exhibited numerous pharmacological activities due to the modification of their backbone by different cytochrome P450s (P450) and UDP glycosyltransferases (UGTs). Plant-derived steroidal saponins are not sufficient for utilizing them for commercial purpose so in vitro production of saponin by tissue culture, root culture, embryo culture, etc, is necessary for its large-scale production. Saponin glycosides are the important class of plant secondary metabolites, which consists of either steroidal or terpenoidal backbone. Due to the existence of a wide range of medicinal properties, saponin glycosides are pharmacologically very important. This review is focused on important medicinal properties of steroidal saponin, its occurrence, and biosynthesis. In addition to this, some recently identified plants containing steroidal saponins in different parts were summarized. The high throughput transcriptome sequencing approach elaborates our understanding related to the secondary metabolic pathway and its regulation even in the absence of adequate genomic information of non-model plants. The aim of this review is to encapsulate the information related to applications of steroidal saponin and its biosynthetic enzymes specially P450s and UGTs that are involved at later stage modifications of saponin backbone. Lastly, we discussed the in vitro production of steroidal saponin as the plant-based production of saponin is time-consuming and yield a limited amount of saponins. A large amount of plant material has been used to increase the production of steroidal saponin by employing in vitro culture technique, which has received a lot of attention in past two decades and provides a way to conserve medicinal plants as well as to escape them for being endangered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Upadhyay
- Biotechnology Division (CSIR-CIMAP), Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, (CSIR-CIMAP) P.O. CIMAP (a laboratory under Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India), Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Gajendra Singh Jeena
- Biotechnology Division (CSIR-CIMAP), Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, (CSIR-CIMAP) P.O. CIMAP (a laboratory under Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India), Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Shukla
- Biotechnology Division (CSIR-CIMAP), Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, (CSIR-CIMAP) P.O. CIMAP (a laboratory under Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India), Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow, 226015, India.
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Tabopda TK, Mitaine-Offer AC, Paululat T, Delemasure S, Dutartre P, Ngadjui BT, Lacaille-Dubois MA. Steroidal saponins from Chlorophytum deistelianum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2016; 126:34-40. [PMID: 27012932 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Chlorophytum deistelianum led to the isolation of four previously undescribed steroidal saponins called chlorodeistelianosides A-D with five known ones. Their structures were established mainly by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques and mass spectrometry as (25R)-3β-[(β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy]-5α-spirostan-12-one, (24S,25S)-24-[(β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-3β-[(β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy]-5α-spirostan-12-one, (25R)-26-[(β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-2α-hydroxy-22α-methoxy-5α-furostan-3β-yl β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside, and (25R)-26-[(β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-3β-[(β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy]-5α-furost-20(22)-en-12-one. Cytotoxicity of most compounds was evaluated against one human cancer cell line (SW480) and one rat cardiomyoblast cell line (H9c2). Among them, three known spirostane-type glycosides exhibited cytotoxicity on both cell lines with IC50 ranging from 8 to 10 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turibio Kuiate Tabopda
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, EA 4267/UFC, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 7, Bd. Jeanne d'Arc, BP 87900, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France; Département de Chimie Organique, Université de Yaoundé 1, BP 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Anne-Claire Mitaine-Offer
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, EA 4267/UFC, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 7, Bd. Jeanne d'Arc, BP 87900, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Thomas Paululat
- Universität Siegen, FB8, OC-II (AK Ihmels), Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Stéphanie Delemasure
- Cohiro, UFR des Sciences de Santé, 7, Bd. Jeanne d'Arc, BP 87900, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Patrick Dutartre
- Cohiro, UFR des Sciences de Santé, 7, Bd. Jeanne d'Arc, BP 87900, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France
| | | | - Marie-Aleth Lacaille-Dubois
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, EA 4267/UFC, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 7, Bd. Jeanne d'Arc, BP 87900, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France.
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Kim CS, Subedi L, Kim SY, Choi SU, Kim KH, Lee KR. Lignan Glycosides from the Twigs of Chaenomeles sinensis and Their Biological Activities. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:1174-1178. [PMID: 25894905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the twigs of Chaenomeles sinensis led to the isolation and identification of six new lignan glycosides, chaenomiside A-F (1-6), along with five known ones (7-11). Their chemical structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, including NMR, MS, ECD, and GC/MS analyses. All the isolated compounds (1-11) were tested for their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide-activated murine microglial cells and the secretion of nerve growth factor (NGF) in a C6 rat glioma cell line. Compound 6 significantly reduced NO levels in the murine microglia BV2 cells with an IC50 value of 21.3 μM, and compounds 1, 3, and 6 were potent stimulants of NGF release with stimulation levels of 151.74 ± 6.77%, 144.31 ± 7.49%, and 167.61 ± 18.5%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Sub Kim
- †Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Sang Un Choi
- ⊥Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- †Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Ro Lee
- †Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
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Khanam Z, Singh O, Singh R, Bhat IUH. Safed musli (Chlorophytum borivilianum): a review of its botany, ethnopharmacology and phytochemistry. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 150:421-441. [PMID: 24045177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Safed musli (Chlorophytum borivilianum) is an eminent medicinal plant of India and considered as a 'white gold' or 'divya aushad' in Indian systems of medicine. In Ayurveda, Chlorophytum borivilianum belongs to the group of "Vajikaran Rasayana" corroborated to its rejuvenating, aphrodisiac, natural sex tonic properties and effective in alleviating sexual disorders. It is largely used as ethnic medicine by local healers of indigenous communities of India. MATERIALS AND METHODS A thorough bibliographic investigation was carried out by analyzing worldwide accepted scientific data base (Pub Med, SciFinder, Scopus and Web of Science), thesis, recognized books, non impact and non indexed journals. RESULTS Traditionally, Chlorophytum borivilianum is well known for treating male impotency in India. The multi therapeutic and nutritional importance of Chlorophytum borivilianum is attributed to the rich source of phytochemicals particularly saponins. Recently, Chlorophytum borivilianum has gained a well established domestic (Indian) and international market for being the herbal alternative of "Viagra" without any side effects. Under the trade name 'Nai Chetna', the state government of Gujarat, India, has launched a novel potency drug from Chlorophytum borivilianum. Modern pharmacological studies of Chlorophytum borivilianum have demonstrated a wide range of pharmacological activities, most importantly aphrodisiac, immunomodulatory and anticancer activities. CONCLUSION The increased commercial exploitation of Chlorophytum borivilianum and low productivity of this endangered plant has raised the concern over its conservation. It has been envisaged that efforts should be made to standardize, encourage and popularize the cultivation of Chlorophytum borivilianum as a commercial crop. The analysis of previous pharmacological investigations suggested lack of substantial scientific evidences in various studies and do not stand the test of critical assessment. Due to high economic value, Chlorophytum borivilianum has also encountered a problem of adulteration with closely resembling medicinally inferior species. The studies available on toxicity, safety and quality of Chlorophytum borivilianum are inadequate for providing information on commercial utilization. Thus, the present review summarizes comprehensive information on Chlorophytum borivilianum and possible scope for future research to fill the existing lacunae on its different aspects of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakia Khanam
- Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Campus Jeli, 17600 Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Kim CS, Kwon OW, Kim SY, Lee KR. Bioactive lignans from the trunk of Abies holophylla. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2013; 76:2131-2135. [PMID: 24224862 DOI: 10.1021/np4005322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Six new lignans (1-6) were isolated from the trunk of Abies holophylla MAXIM, together with 11 known lignans (7-17). The structures of 1-7 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, acid hydrolysis, and use of the modified Mosher's method. The effects of the isolates on nerve growth factor induction in a C6 rat glioma cell line were evaluated. Compounds 6, 7, and 13 showed significant induction of nerve growth factor secretion at concentrations of 10 μM. Compounds 1, 5, 6, and 16 showed moderate inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated BV-2 cells (IC50 28.5-36.4 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Sub Kim
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
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Zhang C, Feng S, Zhang L, Ren Z. A new cytotoxic steroidal saponin from the rhizomes and roots ofSmilax scobinicaulis. Nat Prod Res 2013; 27:1255-60. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2012.725396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Synthesis and selective anticancer activity of steroidal glycoconjugates. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 54:721-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kim KH, Kim HK, Choi SU, Moon E, Kim SY, Lee KR. Bioactive lignans from the rhizomes of Acorus gramineus. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:2187-2192. [PMID: 21936523 DOI: 10.1021/np200541m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
As a part of our ongoing search for bioactive constituents from natural Korean sources, the investigation of rhizomes of Acorus gramineus afforded five new lignans, named ligraminols A-E (1-5), together with seven known ones (6-12). The structures of 1-5 were determined by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR, HRMS, CD, and enzymatic hydrolysis. Compounds 1-12 were tested for their antiproliferative activities toward a panel of human-derived normal and cancer cell lines. Moreover, compounds 1-12 were evaluated for their inhibitory activities on nitric oxide production in an activated murine microglial cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hyun Kim
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
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Kim KH, Kim MA, Moon E, Kim SY, Choi SZ, Son MW, Lee KR. Furostanol saponins from the rhizomes of Dioscorea japonica and their effects on NGF induction. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:2075-8. [PMID: 21353549 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 01/29/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The rhizome of Dioscorea japonica is a food and medicinal source known as 'San Yak' in Korea. Two new furostanol saponins, coreajaponins A (1) and B (2), together with 10 known compounds (3-12) were isolated from the rhizomes of D. japonica. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques, HRMS, and chemical methods. Nerve growth factor (NGF), a crucial factor for neuronal survival and differentiation, can potentially improve neurodegenerative diseases and diabetic polyneuropathy. We evaluated the effects of isolates (1-12) on NGF induction in a C6 rat glioma cell line. Coreajaponin B (2) upregulated NGF content without significant cell toxicity, as did 6, 8, 9, and 11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hyun Kim
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Chonchon-dong, Jangan-ku, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea
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