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Bailly C. The health benefits of santol fruits and bioactive products isolated from Sandoricum koetjape Merr.: A scoping review. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14152. [PMID: 35315091 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The santol tree (Sandoricum koetjape Merr.) is largely distributed in Southeast Asia. It produces useful timber and edible fruits, consumed fresh, and transformed. It has a wide range of traditional medicinal uses for the treatment of inflammatory disorders and digestive troubles. Numerous bioactive natural products have been isolated from the roots, leaves, stems, and fruits of S. koetjape, including flavonoids, limonoids, and terpenoids. The seeds are considered toxic and contain insecticidal limonoids. The present review provides a survey of the natural products isolated from different parts of the plant and discusses their pharmacological properties. Information on S. koetjape was collected through databases and analyzed, leading to the identification of about 30 natural products of interest. Bioactive compounds include limonoids, such as sandoripins A-B, sanjecumins A-B, and sandrapins A-E, and flavonoids with antioxidant, antibacterial, and insecticidal properties such as sandoricin and sandoripin derivatives. The santol plant contains various anti-inflammatory triterpenes, such as sentulic acid and koetjapic acid (KA). KA is the main product found in santol and a few other plants. This tetracyclic triterpenoid is endowed with anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, with marked antimetastatic and antiangiogenic effects. Its potential molecular targets are discussed, notably the kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and other proteins (cyclooxygenase 2, DNA polymerase-β). The water-soluble derivative potassium koetjapate (KK) affords an orally bioavailable derivative, with superior antiangiogenic properties compared to KA. The health benefits associated with the consumption of santol fruits shall be further considered, and the design of hemi-synthetic analogs of KA encouraged. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The fruits of the santol tree are largely consumed in Asia and different parts of the plant (Sandoricum koetjape Merr.) are used in traditional medicine. Diverse bioactive terpenoids have been isolated from the plant. Their pharmacological properties are reviewed here, with a focus on the triterpene koetjapic acid which displays marked anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Several other bioactive natural products, including limonoids and flavonoids, are evoked as well, to shed light on the many active compounds found in the fruits and the whole plant. For a healthy life, the use of the plant in phytomedicine and the consumption of the santol fruit should be encouraged.
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Camargo KC, de Aguilar MG, Moraes ARA, de Castro RG, Szczerbowski D, Miguel ELM, Oliveira LR, Sousa GF, Vidal DM, Duarte LP. Pentacyclic Triterpenoids Isolated from Celastraceae: A Focus in the 13C-NMR Data. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030959. [PMID: 35164224 PMCID: PMC8838773 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The Celastraceae family comprises about 96 genera and more than 1.350 species, occurring mainly in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The species of this family stand out as important plant sources of triterpenes, both in terms of abundance and structural diversity. Triterpenoids found in Celastraceae species display mainly lupane, ursane, oleanane, and friedelane skeletons, exhibiting a wide range of biological activities such as antiviral, antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic against various tumor cell lines. This review aimed to document all triterpenes isolated from different botanical parts of species of the Celastraceae family covering 2001 to 2021. Furthermore, a compilation of their 13C-NMR data was carried out to help characterize compounds in future investigations. A total of 504 pentacyclic triterpenes were compiled and distinguished as 29 aromatic, 50 dimers, 103 friedelanes, 89 lupanes, 102 oleananes, 22 quinonemethides, 88 ursanes and 21 classified as others.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Grasiely Faria Sousa
- Correspondence: (G.F.S.); (D.M.V.); (L.P.D.);Tel.: +55-31-3409-5728 (G.F.S.); +55-31-3409-5750 (D.M.V.); +55-31-3409-5722 (L.P.D.)
| | - Diogo Montes Vidal
- Correspondence: (G.F.S.); (D.M.V.); (L.P.D.);Tel.: +55-31-3409-5728 (G.F.S.); +55-31-3409-5750 (D.M.V.); +55-31-3409-5722 (L.P.D.)
| | - Lucienir Pains Duarte
- Correspondence: (G.F.S.); (D.M.V.); (L.P.D.);Tel.: +55-31-3409-5728 (G.F.S.); +55-31-3409-5750 (D.M.V.); +55-31-3409-5722 (L.P.D.)
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Paz C, von Dossow D, Tiznado V, Suarez S, Cukiernik FD, Baggio R. A dihydro-β-agarofuran sesquiterpene from Maytenus boaria. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2017; 73:451-457. [PMID: 28579566 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229617006817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The natural compound (1S,4S,5S,6R,7R,8R,9R,10S)-6-acetoxy-4,9,10-trihydroxy-2,2,5a,9-tetramethyloctahydro-2H-3,9a-methanobenzo[b]oxepin-5-yl furan-3-carboxylate, C22H30O9, (I), is a β-agarofuran sesquiterpene isolated from the seeds of Maytenus boaria as part of a study of the secondary metabolites from Chilean flora. The compound presents a central structure formed by a decalin system esterified with acetate at site 1 and furan-3-carboxylate at site 9. The chirality of the skeleton can be described as 1S,4S,5S,6R,7R,8R,9R,10S, which is consistent with that suggested by NMR studies. Unlike previously reported structures of sesquiterpenes containing a pure dihydro-β-agarofuran skeleton, (I) exhibits a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Paz
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Daniela von Dossow
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Victor Tiznado
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Sebastián Suarez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabio D Cukiernik
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ricardo Baggio
- Gerencia de Investigación y Aplicaciones, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Mbunde MVN, Innocent E, Mabiki F, Andersson PG. Ethnobotanical survey and toxicity evaluation of medicinal plants used for fungal remedy in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE RESEARCH 2016; 6:84-96. [PMID: 28163965 PMCID: PMC5289093 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20161222103956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aim: Some of the antifungal drugs used in the current treatments regime are responding to antimicrobial resistance. In rural areas of Southern Tanzania, indigenous people use antifungal drugs alone or together with medicinal plants to curb the effects of antibiotic resistance. This study documented ethnobotanical information of medicinal plants used for managing fungal infections in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania and further assess their safety. Materials and Methods: Ethnobotanical survey was conducted in Makete and Mufindi districts between July 2014 and December 2015 using semi-structured questionnaires followed by two focus group discussions to verify respondents’ information. Cytotoxicity study was conducted on extracts of collected plants using brine shrimp lethality test and analyzed by MS Excel 2013 program. Results: During this survey about 46 plant species belonging to 28 families of angiosperms were reported to be traditionally useful in managing fungal and other health conditions. Among these, Terminalia sericea, Aloe nutii, Aloe lateritia, Zanthoxylum chalybeum, Zanthoxylum deremense, and Kigelia africana were frequently mentioned to be used for managing fungal infections. The preparation of these herbals was mostly by boiling plant parts especially the leaves and roots. Cytotoxicity study revealed that most of the plants tested were nontoxic with LC50 > 100 which implies that most compounds from these plants are safe for therapeutic use. The dichloromethane extract of Croton macrostachyus recorded the highest with LC50 value 12.94 µg/ml. The ethnobotanical survey correlated well with documented literature from elsewhere about the bioactivity of most plants. Conclusions: The ethnobotanical survey has revealed that traditional healers are rich of knowledge to build on for therapeutic studies. Most of the plants are safe for use; and thus can be considered for further studies on drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourice Victor Nyangabo Mbunde
- Department of Natural Products Development and Formulation, Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es salaam, Tanzania
| | - Ester Innocent
- Department of Biological and Pre-clinical Studies, Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es salaam, Tanzania
| | - Faith Mabiki
- Department of Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3038, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Pher G Andersson
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, The Arrhenius Laboratory, P.O. Box 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
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Rached W, Calhelha RC, Fernandes Â, Carvalho AM, Bennaceur M, Marouf A, Barros L, Santos-Buelga C, Ferreira ICFR. Phytochemical characterization and bioactive properties of Osyris quadripartita Salzm. ex Decne. leaves from Algeria. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11787b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are sources of bioactive compounds with recognized beneficial effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahiba Rached
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO)
- ESA
- Polytechnic Institute of Bragança
- 5300-253 Bragança
- Portugal
| | - Ricardo C. Calhelha
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO)
- ESA
- Polytechnic Institute of Bragança
- 5300-253 Bragança
- Portugal
| | - Ângela Fernandes
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO)
- ESA
- Polytechnic Institute of Bragança
- 5300-253 Bragança
- Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Carvalho
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO)
- ESA
- Polytechnic Institute of Bragança
- 5300-253 Bragança
- Portugal
| | - Malika Bennaceur
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry and Natural Products
- Department of Biology
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences
- University of Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella
- 31000 Oran
| | | | - Lillian Barros
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO)
- ESA
- Polytechnic Institute of Bragança
- 5300-253 Bragança
- Portugal
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Girma S, Giday M, Erko B, Mamo H. Effect of crude leaf extract of Osyris quadripartita on Plasmodium berghei in Swiss albino mice. Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:184. [PMID: 26077462 PMCID: PMC4467072 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0715-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Continuous emergence of multi-drug-resistant malaria parasites and their rapid spread across the globe warrant urgent search for new anti-malarial chemotherapeutics. Traditional medicinal plants have been the main sources for screening active phytochemicals against malaria. Accordingly, this study was aimed at evaluating the anti-malarial activity of Osyris quadripartita Salzm. Ex Decne., a plant which is used for traditional malaria treatment by local people in different parts of Ethiopia. METHODS Aqueous, chloroform and methanol crude leaf extracts of the plant have been prepared and tested for acute toxicity and anti-malarial efficacy in Plasmodium berghei (ANKA strain)-infected Swiss albino mice. RESULTS At three oral doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg the plant material was safe, chemosuppressive and thus prevented body weight loss, hematological abnormalities and increased mice mean survival time compared to the negative control. The most efficacious extract was that of chloroform which prolonged mean mouse survival past day 11 of infection with all the mice in this group having the highest parasitemia suppression rate (41.3%, at 600 mg/kg) although parasite clearance was not achieved compared to the standard drug (chloroquine) against the parasite. CONCLUSION The finding supports the traditional use of the plant for the treatment of malaria. However, further confirmatory studies followed by isolation and characterization of the active anti-malarial compound (s) of the plant that is/are responsible for the observed parasite suppression is needed before it is recommended for malaria drug search and discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senait Girma
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mirutse Giday
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Berhanu Erko
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Hassen Mamo
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Ardiles AE, González-Rodríguez A, Núñez MJ, Perestelo NR, Pardo V, Jiménez IA, Valverde AM, Bazzocchi IL. Studies of naturally occurring friedelane triterpenoids as insulin sensitizers in the treatment type 2 diabetes mellitus. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2012; 84:116-24. [PMID: 22925829 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a rapidly expanding public epidemic and frequently results in severe vascular complications. In an attempt to find anti-diabetic agents, we report herein on the isolation, structural elucidation and bioactivity of nine friedelane-type triterpenes (1-9) and twenty two known ones (10-31) from the root barks of Celastrus vulcanicola and Maytenus jelskii. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Two compounds from this series (1 and 3) exhibited increased insulin-mediated signalling, which suggests these friedelane triterpenes have potential therapeutic use in insulin resistant states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro E Ardiles
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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