1
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Takamura H, Sugitani Y, Morishita R, Yorisue T, Kadota I. Total synthesis and structure-antifouling activity relationship of scabrolide F. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:5739-5747. [PMID: 38828517 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00698d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
An efficient synthetic strategy for scabrolide F (7), a norcembranolide diterpene that was isolated from the Taiwanese soft coral Sinularia scabra, has only recently been reported by our group. Herein, we report details of the first total synthesis of 7. The tetrahydrofuran domain of 7 was stereoselectively constructed via the 5-endo-tet cyclization of a hydroxy vinyl epoxide. The reaction of alkyl iodide 30 with dithiane 38, followed by the introduction of an alkene moiety, afforded allylation precursor 41. The coupling of alkyl iodide 42 and allylic stannane 43 was examined as a model experiment of allylation. Because the desired allylated product 44 was not obtained, an alternative synthetic route toward 7 was investigated instead. In the second synthetic approach, fragment-coupling between alkyl iodide 56 and aldehyde 58, macrolactonization, and transannular ring-closing metathesis were used as the key steps to achieve the first total synthesis of 7. We hope that this synthetic strategy provides access to the total synthesis of other macrocyclic norcembranolides. We also evaluated the antifouling activity and toxicity of 7 and its synthetic intermediates toward the cypris larvae of the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite. This study is the first to report the antifouling activity of norcembranolides as well as the biological activity of 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyoshi Takamura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Yuki Sugitani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Ryohei Morishita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Takefumi Yorisue
- Institute of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Hyogo, 6 Yayoigaoka, Sanda 669-1546, Japan
- Division of Nature and Environmental Management, Museum of Nature and Human Activities, 6 Yayoigaoka, Sanda 669-1546, Japan
| | - Isao Kadota
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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2
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Ciss I, Seck M, Figadère B, Ferrié L. Advances Toward Amphidinolides C, F and U: Isolations, Synthetic Studies and Total Syntheses. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400471. [PMID: 38407454 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Amphidinolides C, F, and U, including C2-C4 analogs, are highly cytotoxic marine macrolides, mainly isolated from dinoflagellates of the genus Amphidinium. All these polyketides share a 75 % or more similar structure, highlighted by a macrolactone ring, at least one trans-2,5-substituted-THF motif and a characteristic polyenic side chain. From their isolation and absolute configurational assignment, the total synthesis of these marine macrolides represented an intense challenge to the organic synthesis community over the last 15 years, with around 14 research groups engaged in this inspiring task. In the first part of this review, we present the different approaches to the isolation and characterization of these natural products, including the most recent analogs, which may cast doubt on the biogenetic origin of these compounds. The various synthetic approaches to the total synthesis of C, F, and U amphidinolides are presented in a second part, focusing on key reactions and/or innovative strategies. The review concludes in a third section summarizing the successful approaches leading to the total synthesis of one of the members of this amphidinolide subfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismaila Ciss
- BioCIS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91400, Orsay, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Chimie Thérapeutique, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar -, BP 5005, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal
| | - Matar Seck
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Chimie Thérapeutique, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar -, BP 5005, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal
| | - Bruno Figadère
- BioCIS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Laurent Ferrié
- BioCIS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91400, Orsay, France
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3
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Decultot L, Clark JS. Synthetic Studies on Amphidinolide F: Exploration of Macrocycle Construction by Intramolecular Stille Coupling. Org Lett 2022; 24:7600-7604. [PMID: 36223230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Exploration of an ambitious new strategy for the total synthesis of the cytotoxic marine natural product amphidinolide F is described, which features fabrication of the core structure from four readily accessible fragments and macrocycle construction through C9-C10 bond formation by intramolecular Stille coupling between an alkenyl iodide and alkenyl stannane. Efficient stereoselective synthesis of each of the four building-blocks and subsequent coupling of them to produce the requisite cyclization precursor has been accomplished, but suitable conditions for high-yielding palladium-mediated closure of the macrocycle to produce the fully protected amphidinolide F ring system have yet to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Decultot
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - J Stephen Clark
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
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4
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Abstract
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The complete carbon
framework of the macrocyclic marine natural
product amphidinolide F has been prepared by a convergent synthetic
route in which three fragments of similar size and complexity have
been coupled. Key features of the syntheses of the fragments include
the stereoselective construction of the tetrahydrofuran in the C1–C9
fragment by oxonium ylide (free or metal-bound) formation and rearrangement
triggered by the direct generation of a rhodium carbenoid from 1-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazole,
the highly diastereoselective aldol reaction between a boron enolate
and an aldehyde with 1,4-control to prepare the C10–C17 fragment,
and the formation of the tetrahydrofuran in the C18–C29 fragment
by intramolecular nucleophilic ring opening of an epoxide with a hydroxyl
group under acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Romiti
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Ludovic Decultot
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - J Stephen Clark
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
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5
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Ferrié L, Ciss I, Fenneteau J, Vallerotto S, Seck M, Figadère B. Amphidinolides F and C2: An Odyssey in Total Synthesis. J Org Chem 2022; 87:1110-1123. [PMID: 34995058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Amphidinolides F, C, C2, and C3 are marine natural products isolated from dinoflagellates Amphidinium species. They share the same macrolactone core, with the difference between them residing at the side chain level. A predominant feature of these amphidinolides is the presence of two trans-THF rings inside the macrolactone core, which is thought to be built by C-glycosylation with titanium enolate of N-acetyl oxazolinethiones. Thus, the original strategy for their total synthesis was based on the assembly of three main fragments corresponding to C1-C9, C10-C19, and C20-C29 or C20-C34 disconnections. Whereas synthesis of all fragments was successful, the C-glycosylation reaction between C19 and C20 turned out to be an issue. Therefore, a second route was designed. The new disconnection between C17 and C18 was based on a sulfone addition and a desulfonylation sequence. Our convergent strategy allowed the total synthesis of amphidinolide F and enabled a new unifying route toward the synthesis of amphidinolides C, C2, and C3 using a late-stage divergent approach. Although there were unsatisfying yields at some critical steps, our work culminated into the first total synthesis of amphidinolide C2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Ferrié
- BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Ismaila Ciss
- BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Chimie Thérapeutique, FMPO-UCAD, Université Cheikh Anta-diop, 5199 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Johan Fenneteau
- BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Sara Vallerotto
- BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Matar Seck
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Chimie Thérapeutique, FMPO-UCAD, Université Cheikh Anta-diop, 5199 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Bruno Figadère
- BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
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6
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Hasenbeck M, Ahles S, Averdunk A, Becker J, Gellrich U. Die Bildung nukleophiler Allylborane aus molekularem Wasserstoff und Allenen katalysiert durch ein Pyridonatboran, das die Reaktivität eines frustrierten Lewis‐Paares zeigt. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Max Hasenbeck
- Institut für Organische Chemie Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Gießen Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Ahles
- Institut für Organische Chemie Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Gießen Deutschland
| | - Arthur Averdunk
- Institut für Organische Chemie Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Gießen Deutschland
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Gießen Deutschland
| | - Urs Gellrich
- Institut für Organische Chemie Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Gießen Deutschland
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7
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Hasenbeck M, Ahles S, Averdunk A, Becker J, Gellrich U. Formation of Nucleophilic Allylboranes from Molecular Hydrogen and Allenes Catalyzed by a Pyridonate Borane that Displays Frustrated Lewis Pair Reactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23885-23891. [PMID: 32926511 PMCID: PMC7814673 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the in situ generation of nucleophilic allylboranes from H2 and allenes mediated by a pyridonate borane that displays frustrated‐Lewis‐pair reactivity. Experimental and computational mechanistic investigations reveal that upon H2 activation, the covalently bound pyridonate substituent becomes a datively bound pyridone ligand. Dissociation of the formed pyridone borane complex liberates Piers borane and enables a hydroboration of the allene. The allylboranes generated in this way are reactive towards nitriles. A catalytic protocol for the formation of allylboranes from H2 and allenes and the allylation of nitriles has been devised. This catalytic reaction is a conceptually new way to use molecular H2 in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Hasenbeck
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ahles
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Arthur Averdunk
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Urs Gellrich
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Gießen, Germany
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8
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Namirembe S, Yan L, Morken JP. Studies toward the Synthesis of Amphidinolide C1: Stereoselective Construction of the C(1)-C(15) Segment. Org Lett 2020; 22:9174-9177. [PMID: 33180502 PMCID: PMC7982962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An enantioselective synthesis of the C(1)-C(15) segment of the marine natural product amphidinolide C has been accomplished by a route that includes a stereoselective boron-Wittig reaction to furnish a trisubstituted alkenylboronate. In addition, the route employs enantioselective alkene diboration to install the C(6) hydroxyl group which undergoes intramolecular conjugate addition to establish a tetrahydrofuran ring. Lastly, a catalytic Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling is accomplished to construct the C(9)-C(10) bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Namirembe
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Lu Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - James P. Morken
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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9
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Williams DR, De R, Fultz MW, Fischer DA, Morales-Ramos Á, Rodríguez-Reyes D. Studies of the Enantiocontrolled Synthesis of the C(10)-C(25) Subunit of Amphidinolide C. Org Lett 2020; 22:4118-4122. [PMID: 32383609 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A stereocontrolled synthesis of 28, the C(10)-C(25) component of amphidinolide C (1), has been efficiently achieved. Reaction of the dithiane component 21 with nonracemic bis(epoxide) 19 directly affords functionalized 2,5-trans-disubstituted tetrahydrofuran 22. Propargylation is highly diastereoselective for the formation of the desired C(12)-C(13) anti stereochemistry, and the resulting terminal alkyne 25 is utilized for a regioselective syn-silylstannylation. A general strategy is illustrated for sequential replacement of stannyl and silyl substituents of the trisubstituted alkene to yield (E)-alkenyl iodide 28.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Ramkrishna De
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Micheal W Fultz
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Derek A Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Ángel Morales-Ramos
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - David Rodríguez-Reyes
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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10
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Ferrié L, Fenneteau J, Figadère B. Total Synthesis of the Marine Macrolide Amphidinolide F. Org Lett 2018; 20:3192-3196. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Ferrié
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Johan Fenneteau
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Bruno Figadère
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
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11
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Su YX, Dai WM. Synthesis of the C18–C26 tetrahydrofuran-containing fragment of amphidinolide C congeners via tandem asymmetric dihydroxylation and S N 2 cyclization. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Akwaboah DC, Wu D, Forsyth CJ. Stereoselective Synthesis of the C1-C9 and C11-C25 Fragments of Amphidinolides C, C2, C3, and F. Org Lett 2017; 19:1180-1183. [PMID: 28231009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of the C1-C9 and the C11-C25 fragments of amphidinolides C, C2, C3, and F from a common intermediate is reported. The construction of the C1-C9 fragment involves an intramolecular hetero-Michael cyclization to form the 3,5-disubstituted trans-tetrahydrofuran moiety. The approach to prepare the C11-C25 fragment utilizes a highly stereoselective aerobic cobalt-catalyzed alkenol cyclization and a chelated Mukaiyama aldol reaction to form the C13-C14 bond and to concomitantly install the C13 hydroxyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Akwaboah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Dimao Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Craig J Forsyth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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13
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Takamura H, Fujiwara T, Kawakubo Y, Kadota I, Uemura D. Stereodivergent Synthesis and Stereochemical Reassignment of the C79-C104 Fragment of Symbiodinolide. Chemistry 2016; 22:1984-1996. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyoshi Takamura
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology; Okayama University; 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Takayuki Fujiwara
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology; Okayama University; 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Yohei Kawakubo
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology; Okayama University; 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Isao Kadota
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology; Okayama University; 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Daisuke Uemura
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Kanagawa University; 2946 Tsuchiya Hiratsuka 259-1293 Japan
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14
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Takamura H, Fujiwara T, Kawakubo Y, Kadota I, Uemura D. Stereoselective Synthesis of the Proposed C79-C104 Fragment of Symbiodinolide. Chemistry 2015; 22:1979-1983. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyoshi Takamura
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology; Okayama University; 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Takayuki Fujiwara
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology; Okayama University; 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Yohei Kawakubo
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology; Okayama University; 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Isao Kadota
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology; Okayama University; 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Daisuke Uemura
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Kanagawa University; 2946 Tsuchiya Hiratsuka 259-1293 Japan
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15
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Fenneteau J, Vallerotto S, Ferrié L, Figadère B. Liebeskind–Srogl cross-coupling on γ-carboxyl-γ-butyrolactone derivatives: application to the side chain of amphidinolides C and F. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Valot G, Mailhol D, Regens CS, O'Malley DP, Godineau E, Takikawa H, Philipps P, Fürstner A. Concise Total Syntheses of Amphidinolides C and F. Chemistry 2014; 21:2398-408. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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17
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18
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19
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Kamptmann SB, Brückner R. Stereocontrolled Synthesis of a Cn-Cn+7Building Block (“Eastern Moiety”) for the Unnatural Enantiomers of Important Polyol,Polyene Antibiotics Based on a Ring-Closing Metathesis and an Aldol Addition of a Lactone Enolate. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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20
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Mahapatra S, Carter RG. Exploiting hidden symmetry in natural products: total syntheses of amphidinolides C and F. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:10792-803. [PMID: 23845005 PMCID: PMC3786714 DOI: 10.1021/ja404796n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The total synthesis of amphidinolide C and a second-generation synthesis of amphidinolide F have been accomplished through the use of a common intermediate to access both the C1-C8 and the C18-C25 sections. The development of a Ag-catalyzed cyclization of a propargyl benzoate diol is described to access both trans-tetrahydrofuran rings. The evolution of a Felkin-controlled, 2-lithio-1,3-dienyl addition strategy to incorporate C9-C11 diene as well as C8 stereocenter is detailed. Key controlling aspects in the sulfone alkylation/oxidative desulfurization to join the major subunits, including the exploration of the optimum masking group for the C18 carbonyl motif, are discussed. A Trost asymmetric alkynylation and a stereoselective cuprate addition to an alkynoate have been developed for the rapid construction of the C26-C34 subunit. A Tamura/Vedejs olefination to introduce the C26 side arm of amphidnolides C and F is employed. The late-stage incorporation of the C15, C18 diketone motif proved critical to the successful competition of the total syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subham Mahapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
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21
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Chen M, Roush WR. Enantioselective synthesis of (Z)- and (E)-2-methyl-1,5-anti-pentenediols via an allene hydroboration-double-allylboration reaction sequence. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:9512-7. [PMID: 23758559 PMCID: PMC3733567 DOI: 10.1021/ja4033633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Kinetically controlled hydroboration of allenylboronate 5 followed by double allylboration with the resulting allylborane (Z)-7 gave (Z)-2-methyl-1,5-anti-pentenediols 6 in good yield and high enantioselectivity in the presence of 10% BF3·OEt2 as the catalyst in the second allylboration step. Under thermodynamically controlled isomerization conditions, (Z)-7 can readily isomerize to (E)-7. Double allylboration of representative aldehydes with allylborane (E)-7 gave (E)-2-methyl-1,5-anti-pentenediols 4 in good yield and high enantioselectivity without requiring use of the BF3·OEt2 catalyst. Thus, 2-methyl-1,5-anti-pentenediols with either olefin geometry can be synthesized from the same allenylboronate precursor 5. Furthermore, 1,5-pentenediols 4 and 6 can be easily converted to 1,3,5-triols with excellent diastereoselectivity in one step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - William R. Roush
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458
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22
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Abstract
A convergent, enantiocontrolled total synthesis of the 15-membered macrolide, amphidinolide P, is described. The synthesis utilizes three nonracemic components for an efficient assembly of the macrolactone in 12 steps via the longest linear pathway. Key developments include studies of the Hosomi-Sakurai reaction for the formation of the C6-C7 bond, a "ligandless" palladium-mediated Stille cross-coupling of the vinylic stannane 4 and the alkenyl bromide 5 to produce a highly functionalized dienol, and a thermally induced, intramolecular lactonization via the late-stage formation of an intermediate α-acylketene.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
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23
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Valot G, Regens CS, O'Malley DP, Godineau E, Takikawa H, Fürstner A. Total Synthesis of Amphidinolide F. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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24
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Valot G, Regens CS, O'Malley DP, Godineau E, Takikawa H, Fürstner A. Total synthesis of amphidinolide F. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:9534-8. [PMID: 23610047 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Valot
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
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25
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Clark JS, Yang G, Osnowski AP. Synthesis of the C-1–C-17 Fragment of Amphidinolides C, C2, C3, and F. Org Lett 2013; 15:1460-3. [PMID: 23527702 DOI: 10.1021/ol4004838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Stephen Clark
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Guang Yang
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P. Osnowski
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
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26
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Clark JS, Yang G, Osnowski AP. Synthesis of the C-18–C-34 Fragment of Amphidinolides C, C2, and C3. Org Lett 2013; 15:1464-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol400482j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Stephen Clark
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Guang Yang
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P. Osnowski
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
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27
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Lorente A, Lamariano-Merketegi J, Albericio F, Álvarez M. Tetrahydrofuran-containing macrolides: a fascinating gift from the deep sea. Chem Rev 2013; 113:4567-610. [PMID: 23506053 DOI: 10.1021/cr3004778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Lorente
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, University of Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Wu D, Forsyth CJ. Syntheses of the C1-C14 and C15-C25 fragments of amphidinolide C. Org Lett 2013; 15:1178-81. [PMID: 23441846 DOI: 10.1021/ol303515h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Divergent syntheses of the C1-C14 and C15-C25 fragments of amphidinolide C have been achieved. The synthesis of the C15-C25 fragment featured cobalt-catalyzed modified Mukaiyama aerobic alkenol cyclization and sulfur-directed regiocontrolled Wacker oxidation of an internal alkene. The C1-C14 fragment was established by alkenyllithium addition to an aldehyde followed by a challenging olefination of a highly inert C9 ketone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimao Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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29
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Morra NA, Pagenkopf BL. BF2OBn·OEt2: A Lewis Acid, Its Use in a Regio- and Stereoselective Opening of Trisubstituted Epoxides, and Its Application towards Amphidinolide C and F. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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30
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31
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32
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Mahapatra S, Carter RG. Enantioselective total synthesis of amphidinolide F. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:7948-51. [PMID: 22767517 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201203935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subham Mahapatra
- Chemistry Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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33
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Silanol as a Removable Directing Group for the PdII-Catalyzed Direct Olefination of Arenes. Chemistry 2011; 17:14371-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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34
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Chen M, Roush WR. Enantioselective syntheses of syn- and anti-β-hydroxyallylsilanes via allene hydroboration-aldehyde allylboration reactions. Org Lett 2011; 13:1992-5. [PMID: 21410173 DOI: 10.1021/ol200392u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The kinetic hydroboration of allenylsilane 5 with ((d)Ipc)(2)BH at -40 °C provides allylborane 9Z with ≥12:1 selectivity. When the hydroboration is performed at temperatures above -40 °C, 9Z isomerizes to the thermodynamically more stable allylborane 9E with >20:1 selectivity. Subsequent treatment of 9Z or 9E with aldehydes at -78 °C provides syn- or anti-β-hydroxyallylsilanes, 7 or 8, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458, USA
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35
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Ferrié L, Figadère B. Efficient synthesis of the C(1)-C(9) fragment of amphidinolides C, C2, and F. Org Lett 2011; 12:4976-9. [PMID: 20882983 DOI: 10.1021/ol1021228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of the C(1)-C(9) fragment of amphidinolides C, C2, and F was achieved by using a vinyloguous Mukaiyama aldol reaction on a chiral aldehyde with a silyloxyfuran and by using a C-glycosylation of a lactol derivative with an acetyl oxazolidinethione. From the available chiral acetonide-glyceraldehyde, all the stereogenic centers were perfectly induced along the synthesis. The C(1)-C(9) fragment was synthesized as a vinyl stannane at C(9) in 10 steps, with 16% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Ferrié
- UMR-8076 (BioCIS) Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, Rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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36
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Morra NA, Pagenkopf BL. Gram Scale Synthesis of the C(18)−C(34) Fragment of Amphidinolide C. Org Lett 2011; 13:572-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol1030074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A. Morra
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Brian L. Pagenkopf
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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37
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Pawluc P, Hreczycho G, Szudkowska J, Franczyk A, Marciniec B. (Z)-1,2-bis(ethoxydimethylsilyl)arylethenes as new building blocks for organic synthesis. Appl Organomet Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.1699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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38
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Roy S, Spilling CD. Synthesis of the C(18)-C(34) fragment of amphidinolide C and the C(18)-C(29) fragment of amphidinolide F. Org Lett 2010; 12:5326-9. [PMID: 21028791 DOI: 10.1021/ol102345v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A convergent synthesis of the C(18)-C(34) fragment of amphidinolide C and the C(18)-C(29) fragment of amphidinolide F is reported. The approach involves the synthesis of the common intermediate tetrahydrofuranyl-β-ketophosphonate via cross metathesis, Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization, and hydroboration-oxidation. The β-ketophosphonate was coupled to three side chain aldehydes using a Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) olefination reaction to give dienones, which were reduced with l-selectride to give the fragments of amphidinolide C and F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Roy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
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39
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Paudyal MP, Rath NP, Spilling CD. A formal synthesis of the C1-C9 fragment of amphidinolide C employing the Tamaru reaction. Org Lett 2010; 12:2954-7. [PMID: 20527780 DOI: 10.1021/ol100959a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Homoallylation of aldehydes with isoprene and triethylborane catalyzed by Ni(acac)(2) gave hydroxyalkenes in good yield with excellent regio- and stereoselectivity. Cross metathesis of the hydroxyalkenes with methyl acrylate using second-generation Grubbs catalyst and copper(I) iodide afforded alpha,beta-unsaturated esters, which underwent cyclization in the presence of DBU to produce tetrahydrofurans with the correct relative configuration for the C1-C9 fragment of amphidinolides C, C2, and F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh P Paudyal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, USA
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40
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Mahapatra S, Carter RG. Efficient synthesis of the C(7)-C(20) subunit of amphidinolides C and F. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:4582-5. [PMID: 19865690 DOI: 10.1039/b916744g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of the C(7)-C(20) subunit of amphidinolides C and F has been accomplished utilizing a Me(3)Al-mediated ring opening of a vinyl iodide/allylic epoxide to establish the C(12,13)anti stereochemistry, an organolithium coupling/olefination sequence to construct the C(9)-C(11) diene moiety and a sulfone alkylation/hydroxylation strategy to join the C(7)-C(14) and C(15)-C(20) fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subham Mahapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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41
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Pawluć P, Hreczycho G, Suchecki A, Kubicki M, Marciniec B. Cyclic 1,1-bis(silyl)alkenes—new building blocks for the stereoselective synthesis of unsymmetrical (E)-stilbenes and (E,E)-1,4-diarylbuta-1,3-dienes. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.01.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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42
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Armstrong A, Pyrkotis C. Synthetic studies on amphidinolides C and F: synthesis of the C18–C29 segment of amphidinolide F. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.02.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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43
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Bates RH, Shotwell JB, Roush WR. Stereoselective syntheses of the C(1)-C(9) fragment of amphidinolide C. Org Lett 2008; 10:4343-6. [PMID: 18783230 PMCID: PMC2650083 DOI: 10.1021/ol801852j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Stereoselective syntheses of the C(1)-C(9) fragments 18 and 28 of amphidinolide C have been developed. The first-generation sequence involves a diastereoselective chelate-controlled [3 + 2]-annulation reaction of 6 and 7, while the second-generation synthesis involves an intramolecular hetero-Michael cyclization of 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H. Bates
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - J. Brad Shotwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 41809
| | - William R. Roush
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 41809
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44
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Studies on the Total Synthesis of Amphidinolide O (III): A Stereoselective Synthesis of C1-C11 Fragment. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2008. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2008.29.2.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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45
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Mitchell TA, Romo D. Diastereoselective synthesis of tetrahydrofurans via mead reductive cyclization of keto-beta-lactones derived from the tandem Mukaiyama aldol lactonization (TMAL) process. J Org Chem 2007; 72:9053-9. [PMID: 17973527 PMCID: PMC2597427 DOI: 10.1021/jo7014246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of a diastereoselective, three-step strategy for the construction of substituted tetrahydrofurans from alkenyl aldehydes based on the tandem Mukaiyama aldol-lactonization process and Mead reductive cyclization of keto beta-lactones is reported. Stereochemical outcomes of the TMAL process are consistent with models established for Lewis acid-mediated additions to alpha-benzyloxy and beta-silyloxy aldehydes while reductions of the five-membered oxocarbenium ions are consistent with Woerpel's models. Further rationalization for observed high diastereoselectivity in reductions of alpha-silyloxy 5-membered oxocarbenium ions based on stereoelectronic effects are posited. A diagnostic trend for coupling constants of gamma-benzyloxy beta-lactones was observed that should enable assignment of the relative configuration of these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Andrew Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 30012, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77842-3012
| | - Daniel Romo
- Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 30012, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77842-3012
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46
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Lira R, Roush WR. Enantio- and Diastereoselective Synthesis of syn-β-Hydroxyallylsilanes via a Chiral (Z)-γ-Silylallylboronate. Org Lett 2007; 9:4315-8. [PMID: 17867698 DOI: 10.1021/ol7018746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
syn-beta-Hydroxyallylsilanes of general structure 11 and 28 are prepared in 50-86% yield and 91-95% ee (for aliphatic aldehydes; 50% ee for benzaldehyde) via the BF(3).Et(2)O-promoted gamma-silylallylboration reactions, using reagents 14 and 15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Lira
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458, USA
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47
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lombardo
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università degli Studi di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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48
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Abstract
Four amphidinolide E stereoisomers, amphidinolide E (1), 2-epi-amphidinolide E (2), 19-epi-amphidinolide E (3), and 2-epi-19-epi-amphidinolide E (4), have been synthesized via the judicious union of aldehyde 5, allylsilanes 7 or 8, acids 9 or 10, and vinylstannane 6. The C19 stereocenters of the C19 epimeric allylsilanes 7 and 8 were introduced via crotylboration reactions early in the synthesis. [3+2]-Annulation reactions of aldehyde 5 with allylsilanes 7 and 8 were employed to set the core tetrahydrofuran units of 1-4. Finally, the C2 stereocenter was installed by esterification using acid 9, without incident, or with acid 10, in which case an unexpected and completely stereoselective inversion of C2 occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Porino Va
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458
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49
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Lowe JT, Youngsaye W, Panek JS. A convenient multigram synthesis of highly enantioenriched methyl 3-silylglycidates. J Org Chem 2007; 71:3639-42. [PMID: 16626157 DOI: 10.1021/jo060134g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A multigram scale synthesis of the four stereoisomers of methyl 3-silylglycidates (epoxysilanes) with high enantiopurity is described. Key reactions include a Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation (SAE) of a trans-vinylsilane and an enzymatic resolution of a racemic cis-epoxysilane to establish the desired configurations. Few chromatographic separations (5 columns out of 13 steps) are required for purification, establishing a convenient reaction sequence for both the trans- and cis-isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason T Lowe
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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50
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Abstract
A convergent and highly stereocontrolled synthesis of amphidinolide E (1) has been accomplished. The synthesis features a highly diastereoselective (>20:1) BF3.Et2O promoted [3+2] annulation reaction between aldehyde 3 and allylsilane 4 to afford substituted tetrahydrofuran 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Porino Va
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458, USA
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