1
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Parvatkar PT, Diagne K, Zhao Y, Manetsch R. Indoloquinoline Alkaloids as Antimalarials: Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities. ChemMedChem 2024:e202400254. [PMID: 38840271 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Malaria infections affect almost half of the world's population, with over 200 million cases reported annually. Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, a plant native to West Africa, has long been used across various regions of Africa for malaria treatment. Chemical analysis has revealed that the plant is abundant in indoloquinolines, which have been shown to possess antimalarial properties. Cryptolepine, neocryptolepine, and isocryptolepine are well-studied indoloquinoline alkaloids known for their potent antimalarial activity. However, their structural rigidity and associated cellular toxicity are major drawbacks for preclinical development. This review focuses on the potential of indoloquinoline alkaloids (cryptolepine, neocryptolepine, and isocryptolepine) as scaffolds in drug discovery. The article delves into their antimalarial effects in vitro and in vivo, as well as their proposed mechanisms of action and structure-activity relationship studies. Several studies aim to improve these leads by reducing cytotoxicity while preserving or enhancing antimalarial activity and gaining insights into their mechanisms of action. These investigations highlight the potential of indoloquinolines as a scaffold for developing new antimalarial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash T Parvatkar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Khaly Diagne
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yingzhao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Roman Manetsch
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Center for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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2
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Xiang S, Ni Q, Liu Q, Zhou S, Wang H, Zhou Y, Liu Y. Approach to Access Benzo[ j]phenanthridinones from 1,7-Enynes and Aryldiazonium Salts via a Domino Radical Relay Process Enabled by a P/N-Heteroleptic Cu(I)-Photosensitizer. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13248-13261. [PMID: 37616100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
A mild approach for the synthesis of benzo[j]phenanthridin-6(5H)-one derivatives from 1,7-enynes and aryldiazonium salts has been successfully developed involving a domino radical relay process enabled by a heteroleptic Cu(I)-photosensitizer under visible-light-driven photocatalytic conditions. Mechanistic studies disclosed that the oxidative quenching of the excited state of PS 4 with aryldiazonium salts via an SET process generated aryl radicals, which could play a radical initiator-terminator dual role within the whole radical relay process, namely, at the initial step acting as a radical donor to trigger the radical addition to the olefin moieties of 1,7-enynes while at the final stage serving as a radical acceptor to complete the cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Xiang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Qibo Ni
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Sicheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunkui Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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3
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Aksenov NA, Arutiunov NA, Aksenov AV, Kirilov NK, Aksenova IV, Aksenov DA, Aleksandrova EV, Rubin M, Kornienko A. Synthesis of β-Carbolines with Electrocyclic Cyclization of 3-Nitrovinylindoles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13107. [PMID: 37685914 PMCID: PMC10487476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The β-carboline motif is common in drug discovery and among numerous biologically active natural products. However, its synthetic preparation relies on multistep sequences and heavily depends on the type of substitution required in the core of the desired β-carboline target. Herein, we demonstrate that this structural motif can be accessed with the microwave-assisted electrocyclic cyclization of heterotrienic aci (alkylideneazinic acid) forms of 3-nitrovinylindoles. The reaction can start with 3-nitrovinylindoles themselves under two sets of conditions. The first one involves microwave irradiation of butanolic solutions of 3-nitrovinylindoles, whereas the second one consists of prior Boc protection of indolic nitrogen, where the protecting group cleanly comes off during the course of the reaction. Alternatively, the reaction can start with 3-nitrovinylindoles prepared in situ using various processes. Finally, the reaction may utilize indoles with β-nitrostyrenes, likely involving the intermediacy of spirocyclic oxazolines, which rearrange to similar heterotrienic systems undergoing cyclization to β-carbolines. As part of this study, several natural products, namely, alkaloids norharmane, harmane, and eudistomin N, were synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai A. Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russia; (N.A.A.); (A.V.A.); (N.K.K.); (I.V.A.); (D.A.A.); (E.V.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Nikolai A. Arutiunov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russia; (N.A.A.); (A.V.A.); (N.K.K.); (I.V.A.); (D.A.A.); (E.V.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Alexander V. Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russia; (N.A.A.); (A.V.A.); (N.K.K.); (I.V.A.); (D.A.A.); (E.V.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Nikita K. Kirilov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russia; (N.A.A.); (A.V.A.); (N.K.K.); (I.V.A.); (D.A.A.); (E.V.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Inna V. Aksenova
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russia; (N.A.A.); (A.V.A.); (N.K.K.); (I.V.A.); (D.A.A.); (E.V.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Dmitrii A. Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russia; (N.A.A.); (A.V.A.); (N.K.K.); (I.V.A.); (D.A.A.); (E.V.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Elena V. Aleksandrova
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russia; (N.A.A.); (A.V.A.); (N.K.K.); (I.V.A.); (D.A.A.); (E.V.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Michael Rubin
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russia; (N.A.A.); (A.V.A.); (N.K.K.); (I.V.A.); (D.A.A.); (E.V.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Dr., San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
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4
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Verma S, Kumar M, Verma AK. A unified approach to benzo[ c]phenanthridines via the cascade dual-annulation/formylation of 2-alkynyl/alkenylbenzonitriles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3723-3726. [PMID: 36891930 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00197k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
A base-mediated versatile cascade dual-annulation and formylation of 2-alkenyl/alkynylbenzonitriles with 2-methylbenzonitriles has been established for the construction of four different classes of amino and amido substituted benzo[c]phenanthridines and benzo[c]phenanthrolines. The synthesized molecules could be of utmost relevance in pharmaceuticals. The transformation uses the solvent DMF as the formyl source for synthesis of the amido-substituted scaffolds. This transition-metal-free unique strategy enables the formation of multiple C-C and C-N bonds in one pot at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Verma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
| | - Akhilesh K Verma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
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5
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Yang G, Yao L, Mao G, Deng GJ, Xiao F. Synthesis of Indenoquinolinones and 2-Substituted Quinolines via [4 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14523-14535. [PMID: 36261413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We have reported a metal-free protocol for the synthesis of indenoquinolinones and 2-substituted quinolines via [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction using readily available 2-aminobenzaldehydes and ketones as starting materials. Different quinoline derivatives can be selectively synthesized by changing the type of ketones. O2 and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as co-oxidants play an important role in the synthesis of indenoquinolinones. This condensation/oxidation strategy involves the formation of C-N, C-C, and C-O bonds, with the advantages of high yields and a broad substrate range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Application, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Lin Yao
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Application, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Guojiang Mao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Application, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Fuhong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Application, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
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6
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Aksenov NA, Arutiunov NA, Aksenov AV, Aksenova IV, Aleksandrova EV, Aksenov DA, Rubin M. Nitrovinylindoles as Heterotrienes: Electrocyclic Cyclization En Route to β-Carbolines: Total Synthesis of Alkaloids Norharmane, Harmane, and Eudistomin N. Org Lett 2022; 24:7062-7066. [PMID: 36166488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Unusual cascade transformation was developed involving microwave assisted electrocyclic cyclization of aci (alkylideneazinic acid) forms of nitrovinylindoles acting as heterotrienes. Subsequent one-pot reduction allowed for efficient access to β-carbolines, including several natural products, alkaloids norharmane, harmane and eudistomin N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai A Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolai A Arutiunov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation
| | - Inna V Aksenova
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation
| | - Elena V Aleksandrova
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii A Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation
| | - Michael Rubin
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation.,Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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7
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Tasqeeruddin S, Asiri YI, Shaheen S. Zirconium(IV) Oxychloride Octahydrate (ZrOCl2·8H2O): An Efficient Catalyst for the One-Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of Hexahydroquinoline Derivatives under Conventional Heating and Microwave Irradiation. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428022070107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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8
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Murai T, Xing Y, Kurokawa M, Kuribayashi T, Nikaido M, Elboray EE, Hamada S, Kobayashi Y, Sasamori T, Kawabata T, Furuta T. One-Pot Preparation of ( NH)-Phenanthridinones and Amide-Functionalized [7]Helicene-like Molecules from Biaryl Dicarboxylic Acids. J Org Chem 2022; 87:5510-5521. [PMID: 35394787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A one-pot transformation of biaryl dicarboxylic acids to (NH)-phenanthridinone derivatives based on a Curtius rearrangement and subsequent basic hydrolysis was developed. This method is also applicable for the preparation of optically active amide-functionalized [7]helicene-like molecules. Furthermore, aza[5]helicene derivatives with a phosphate moiety were isolated as a product of the Curtius rearrangement step in the case of substrates that bear chalcogen atoms. The stereostructures of these products, revealed by X-ray diffraction analysis, suggested that chalcogen-bonding and pnictogen-bonding interactions might contribute to their stabilization. The configurational stability of the helicene-like molecules and their chiroptical properties were further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Murai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Yongning Xing
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Mayu Kurokawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | | | - Masanori Nikaido
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Elghareeb E Elboray
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Shohei Hamada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kobayashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sasamori
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tenodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 307-8571, Japan
| | - Takeo Kawabata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takumi Furuta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
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9
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Thongsornkleeb C, Tummatorn J, Ruchirawat S. A Compilation of Synthetic Strategies to Access the Most Utilized Indoloquinoline Motifs. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200040. [PMID: 35132773 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Indoloquinoline alkaloids constitute an important class of aromatic heterocycles consisting of quinoline and indole fused together in various orientations. These compounds, both natural and synthetic, often display various bioactivities which have established them to be one of the interesting medicinal targets. This class of compounds have stimulated much interest among synthetic and medicinal chemists as evidenced by growth in the number of synthetic methods to prepare and study this class of alkaloids. This review compiles the synthetic strategies and methods currently known in the literature for the construction of four important indoloquinoline skeletons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jumreang Tummatorn
- Chulabhorn Research Institute, Medicinal chemistry, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6 Talat Bang Khen, 10210, Lak Si, THAILAND
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10
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Kuznetcova I, Bacher F, Vegh D, Chuang HY, Arion VB. Ready access to 7,8-dihydroindolo[2,3-d][1]benzazepine-6(5H)-one scaffold and analogues via early-stage Fischer ring-closure reaction. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:143-151. [PMID: 35140815 PMCID: PMC8805037 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Paullone isomers are known as inhibitors of tubulin polymerase and cyclin dependent kinases (Cdks), which are potential targets for cancer chemotherapy. Herein we report an efficient and clean pathway to the fourth isomer, which remained elusive so far, namely 7,8-dihydroindolo[2,3-d][1]benzazepin-6(5H)-one. Moreover, we demonstrate the generality of our pathway by synthesizing two closely related analogues, one containing a bromo substituent and the other one incorporating an 8-membered instead of a 7-membered ring. The key transformation in this four-step synthesis, with an overall yield of 29%, is the Fischer indole reaction of 2-nitrophenylacetyl acetoacetate with 1-benzyl-1-phenylhydrazine in acetic acid that delivers methyl 2-(1-benzyl-3-(2-nitrophenyl)-1H-indol-2-yl)acetate in 55% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kuznetcova
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Felix Bacher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Vegh
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Slovak Techmical University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Hsiang-Yu Chuang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry of the University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vladimir B Arion
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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11
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Tan S, Banwell MG, Ye WC, Lan P, White LV. The Inhibition of RNA Viruses by Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids: Opportunities for the Development of Broad-Spectrum Anti-Coronavirus Drugs. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202101215. [PMID: 35032358 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The global COVID-19 pandemic has claimed the lives of millions and disrupted nearly every aspect of human society. Currently, vaccines remain the only widely available medical means to address the cause of the pandemic, the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Unfortunately, current scientific consensus deems the emergence of vaccine-resistant SARS-CoV-2 variants highly likely. In this context, the design and development of broad-spectrum, small-molecule based antiviral drugs has been described as a potentially effective, alternative medical strategy to address circulating and re-emerging CoVs. Small molecules are well-suited to target the least-rapidly evolving structures within CoVs such as highly conserved RNA replication enzymes, and this renders them less vulnerable to evolved drug resistance. Examination of the vast literature describing the inhibition of RNA viruses by Amaryllidaceae alkaloids suggests that future, broad-spectrum anti-CoV drugs may be derived from this family of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Tan
- The Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Martin G Banwell
- The Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Ping Lan
- The Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Lorenzo V White
- The Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
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12
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Jamuna K, Thimmarayaperumal S, Aravind MK, Sivakumar S, Ashokkumar B. Synthesis of indenophenanthridine via a [4+2] annulation strategy: a “turn-off’’ Fe 3+ ion sensor, practical application in live cell imaging and reversible acidochromism studies. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00579d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient protocol has been developed for the synthesis of a novel fluorescent probe, 1,2-disubstituted-indeno[1,2,3-gh]phenanthridine, derived from a series of α-oxo-ketene dithioacetals (OKDTAs) and indenoquinoline under essential conditions via a [4+2] annulation in excellent yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Jamuna
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, India
| | | | | | - Shanmugam Sivakumar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, India
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13
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Li M, Dong Y, Zhou C, Bai J, Cheng J, Sun J, Sun S. Iridium-Catalyzed Redox-Neutral C2 and C3 Dual C-H Functionalization of Indoles with Nitrones toward 7 H-Indolo[2,3- c]quinolines. Org Lett 2021; 23:8229-8234. [PMID: 34623158 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
An iridium-catalyzed redox-neutral C-2 and C-3 dual C-H functionalization of indoles with nitrones has been developed, furnishing a range of 7H-indolo[2,3-c]quinolines with high efficiency and regioselectivity under mild reaction conditions. Notably, sequential multiple C-H bond cleavage and C-C bond formation constitute the key events of this process, in which nitrone serves as a building block and an oxidant. Distinct from the previous methods toward 7H-indolo[2,3-c]quinolines, this newly developed reaction features readily available substrates, operational simplicity, broad scope, good to high efficiency, and excellent regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yaqun Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Cong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Junxue Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jiang Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.,Department of Chemistry, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Song Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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14
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Li R, Jiang S, Zheng H, Lei H, Huang Z, Chen S, Deng GJ. Iron-catalyzed indolo[2,3-c]quinoline synthesis from nitroarenes and benzylic alcohols/aldehydes promoted by elemental sulfur. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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15
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Aleti RR, Festa AA, Voskressensky LG, Van der Eycken EV. Synthetic Strategies in the Preparation of Phenanthridinones. Molecules 2021; 26:5560. [PMID: 34577030 PMCID: PMC8466741 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenanthridinones are important heterocyclic frameworks present in a variety of complex natural products, pharmaceuticals and displaying wide range of pharmacological actions. Its structural importance has evoked a great deal of interest in the domains of organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry to develop new synthetic methodologies, as well as novel compounds of pharmaceutical interest. This review focuses on the synthesis of phenanthridinone scaffolds by employing aryl-aryl, N-aryl, and biaryl coupling reactions, decarboxylative amidations, and photocatalyzed reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwar Reddy Aleti
- Organic Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (R.R.A.); (A.A.F.); (L.G.V.)
| | - Alexey A. Festa
- Organic Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (R.R.A.); (A.A.F.); (L.G.V.)
| | - Leonid G. Voskressensky
- Organic Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (R.R.A.); (A.A.F.); (L.G.V.)
| | - Erik V. Van der Eycken
- Organic Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (R.R.A.); (A.A.F.); (L.G.V.)
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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16
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Raju P, Saravanan V, Pavunkumar V, Mohanakrishnan AK. Pd(0)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Heck reaction of 2/3-Aryl(amino)methyl-3/2-bromoindoles: Syntheses of 3,4-Benzo[ c]-β-carbolines, Benzo[4,5]isothiazolo[2,3- a]indole 5,5-Dioxides, and 1,2-Benzo[ a]-γ-carbolines. J Org Chem 2021; 86:1925-1937. [PMID: 33395298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
One-pot synthesis of 3,4-benzo[c]-β-carbolines was achieved from 2-aryl(tosylamino)methyl-3-bromoindoles via 10 mol % Pd(OAc)2/PPh3-mediated intramolecular Heck coupling using K2CO3 as a base in DMF at 110 °C with concomitant aromatization through an elimination of tosylsulfinic acid. Under identical conditions, the isomeric 3-aryl(tosylamino)methyl-2-bromoindoles upon intramolecular Heck reaction furnished benzo[4,5]isothiazolo[2,3-a]indole 5,5-dioxides instead of the expected γ-carbolines. However, synthesis of the expected γ-carboline framework, 3-tosyl-6,9-dihydro-1,2-benzo[a]-γ-carbolines, could be achieved from 3-aryl(tosylamino)methyl-2-bromoindoles containing a mesitylene sulfonyl unit as a protecting group on the indole nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Potharaju Raju
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Velu Saravanan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinayagam Pavunkumar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arasambattu K Mohanakrishnan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
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17
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Rocchi D, Blázquez-Barbadillo C, Agamennone M, Laghezza A, Tortorella P, Vicente-Zurdo D, Rosales-Conrado N, Moyano P, Pino JD, González JF, Menéndez JC. Discovery of 7-aminophenanthridin-6-one as a new scaffold for matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors with multitarget neuroprotective activity. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 210:113061. [PMID: 33310289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent hydrolytic enzymes of great biological relevance, and some of them are key to the neuroinflammatory events and the brain damage associated to stroke. Non-zinc binding ligands are an emerging trend in drug discovery programs in this area due to their lower tendency to show off-target effects. 7-Amino-phenanthridin-6-one is disclosed as a new framework able to inhibit matrix metalloproteinases by binding to the distal part of the enzyme S1' site, as shown by computational studies. A kinetic study revealed inhibition to be noncompetitive. Some of the compounds showed some degree of selectivity for the MMP-2 and MMP-9 enzymes, which are crucial for brain damage associated to ischemic stroke. Furthermore, some compounds also had a high neuroprotective activity against oxidative stress, which is also very relevant aspect of ischaemic stroke pathogenesis, both decreasing lipid peroxidation and protecting against the oxidative stress-induced reduction in cell viability. One of the compounds, bearing a 2-thienyl substituent at C-9 and a 4-methoxyphenylamino at C-7, had the best-balanced multitarget profile and was selected as a lead on which to base future structural manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Rocchi
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Blázquez-Barbadillo
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariangela Agamennone
- Dipartamento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi G. d'Annunzio di Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonio Laghezza
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
| | - Paolo Tortorella
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
| | - David Vicente-Zurdo
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Rosales-Conrado
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Moyano
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Del Pino
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan F González
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Carlos Menéndez
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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18
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Yadav L, Tiwari MK, Shyamlal BRK, Chaudhary S. Organocatalyst in Direct C( sp2)-H Arylation of Unactivated Arenes: [1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-piperazine]-Catalyzed Inter-/ Intra-molecular C-H Bond Activation. J Org Chem 2020; 85:8121-8141. [PMID: 32438807 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the identification of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-piperazine as a new, cost-effective, highly efficient organocatalyst, which promotes both inter- and intra-molecular direct C(sp2)-H arylations of unactivated arenes in the presence of potassium tert-butoxide. While the inter-molecular C-H arylation of unactivated benzenes with aryl halides (Ar-X; X = I, Br, Cl) toward biaryl syntheses underwent smoothly in the presence of only 10 mol % organocatalyst, the intra-molecular C-H arylation catalytic system composed of 40 mol % each of the catalyst and the additive (4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP)). The novel catalyst was also able to perform both inter- and intra-molecular direct arylations simultaneously in a single pot. The mechanistic studies confirmed the involvement of aryl radical anions and proceeded via a single-electron-transfer (SET) mechanism. The large substrate scope, high functional group tolerance, competition experiments, gram-scale synthesis, and kinetic studies further highlight the importance and versatile nature of the methodology as well as the compatibility of the new catalyst. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on any organocatalyst that reported detailed investigations of both inter- and intra-molecular direct C(sp2)-H arylations of unactivated arenes in a single representation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Yadav
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Mohit K Tiwari
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Bharti Rajesh Kumar Shyamlal
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Sandeep Chaudhary
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Jaipur 302017, India
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19
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Silva VLM, Silva AMS. Palladium-Catalysed Synthesis and Transformation of Quinolones. Molecules 2019; 24:E228. [PMID: 30634524 PMCID: PMC6359680 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Palladium-catalysed reactions have had a large impact on synthetic organic chemistry and have found many applications in target-oriented synthesis. Their widespread use in organic synthesis is due to the mild conditions associated with the reactions together with their tolerance of a wide range of functional groups. Moreover, these types of reactions allow the rapid construction of complex molecules through multiple bond-forming reactions in a single step, the so-called tandem processes. Pd-catalysed reactions have been applied to the synthesis of a large number of natural products and bioactive compounds, some of them of complex molecular structures. This review article aims to present an overview of the most important Pd-catalysed reactions employed in the synthesis and transformations of quinolin-2(1H)-ones and quinolin-4(1H)-ones. These compounds are widely recognized by their diverse bioactivity, being privileged structures in medicinal chemistry and useful structural moieties for the development of new drug candidates. Furthermore, they hold significant interest due to their host⁻guest chemistry; applications in chemical, biochemical and environmental analyses and use in the development of new synthetic methods. In some cases, the quinolone formation step cannot be ascribed to a claimed Pd-catalysed reaction but this reaction is crucial to get the appropriate substrate for cyclization into the quinolone. Herein we present and discuss different economical, efficient and selective synthetic strategies to access quinolone-type compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera L M Silva
- Department of Chemistry QOPNA and LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Department of Chemistry QOPNA and LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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20
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Manikandan TS, Ramesh R, Semeril D. The Tandem C–H/N–H Activation of N-Methyl Arylamide Catalyzed by Dinuclear Pd(II) Benzhydrazone Complex: A Concise Access to Phenanthridinone. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rengan Ramesh
- Centre for Organometallic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli − 620 024, India
| | - David Semeril
- Universite de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique Moleculaire et Catalyse, UMR 7177
CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg, France
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21
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Rivera RP, Ehlers P, Rodríguez ET, Langer P. Synthesis of 7 H
-Indolo[2,3- c
]quinolines by Chemoselective Suzuki Reaction Followed by a Ring-Closing Two-Fold Buchwald-Hartwig Reaction of 3-Bromo-4-iodoquinoline. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodisnel Perdomo Rivera
- Universität Rostock, Institut für Chemie; A.-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
- University of Granma, Study Center of Applied Chemistry, Carretera de Manzanillo Km 17, 85100, Bayamo; Granma Cuba
| | - Peter Ehlers
- Universität Rostock, Institut für Chemie; A.-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; A.-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Eugenio Torres Rodríguez
- University of Granma, Study Center of Applied Chemistry, Carretera de Manzanillo Km 17, 85100, Bayamo; Granma Cuba
| | - Peter Langer
- Universität Rostock, Institut für Chemie; A.-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; A.-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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22
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Dao PD, Lim HJ, Cho CS. Weak Base-Promoted Lactamization under Microwave Irradiation: Synthesis of Quinolin-2(1 H)-ones and Phenanthridin-6(5 H)-ones. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:12114-12121. [PMID: 31459288 PMCID: PMC6645425 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Quinolin-2(1H)-ones and phenanthridin-6(5H)-ones are synthesized in high yields by K2CO3-promoted cyclization of N-aryl-β-bromo-α,β-unsaturated amides and N-aryl-2-bromobenzamides in dimethylformamide under microwave irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Duy
Quang Dao
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Republic
of Korea
| | - Ho-Jin Lim
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Republic
of Korea
| | - Chan Sik Cho
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Republic
of Korea
- E-mail:
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23
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Khan F, Dlugosch M, Liu X, Banwell MG. The Palladium-Catalyzed Ullmann Cross-Coupling Reaction: A Modern Variant on a Time-Honored Process. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:1784-1795. [PMID: 30010313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cross-coupling reactions, especially those that are catalyzed by palladium, have revolutionized the way in which carbon-carbon bonds can be formed. The most commonly deployed variants of such processes are the Suzuki-Miyaura, Mizoroki-Heck, Stille, and Negishi cross-coupling reactions, and these normally involve the linking of an organohalide or pseudohalide (such as a triflate or nonaflate) with an organo-metallic or -metalloid such as an organo-boron, -magnesium, -tin, or -zinc species. Since the latter type of coupling partner is often prepared from the corresponding halide, methods that allow for the direct cross-coupling of two distinct halogen-containing compounds would provide valuable and more atom-economical capacities for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds. While the venerable Ullmann reaction can in principle achieve this, it has a number of drawbacks, the most significant of which is that homocoupling of the reaction partners is a competitive, if not the dominant, process. Furthermore, such reactions normally occur only under forcing conditions (viz., often at temperatures in excess of 250 °C). As such, the Ullmann reaction has seen only limited application in this regard, especially as a mid- to late-stage feature of complex natural product synthesis. This Account details the development of the palladium-catalyzed Ullmann cross-coupling reaction as a useful method for the assembly of a range of heterocyclic systems relevant to medicinal and/or natural products chemistry. These couplings normally proceed under relatively mild conditions (<100 °C) over short periods of time and, usually, to the exclusion of (unwanted) homocoupling events. The keys to success are the appropriate choice of coupling partners, the form of the copper metal employed, and the choice of reaction solvent. At the present time, the cross-coupling partners capable of engaging in the title reaction are confined to halogenated and otherwise electron-deficient arenes and, as complementary reactants, α- or β-halogenated, α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, ketones, esters, lactones, lactams, and cycloimides. Nitro-substituted (and halogenated) arenes, in particular, serve as effective participants in these reactions, and the products of their coupling with the above-mentioned carbonyl-containing systems can be manipulated in a number of different ways. Depending on the positional relationship between the nitro and carbonyl groups in the cross-coupling product, the reduction of the former group, which can be achieved under a range of different conditions, provides, through intramolecular nucleophilic addition reactions, including Schiff base condensations, access to a diverse range of heterocyclic systems. These include indoles, quinolines, quinolones, isoquinolines, carbazoles, and carbolines. Tandem variants of such cyclization processes, in which Raney cobalt is used as a catalyst for the chemoselective reduction (by dihydrogen) of nitro and nitrile groups (but not olefins), allow for the assembly of a range of structurally challenging natural products, including marinoquinoline A, (±)-1-acetylaspidoalbidine, and (±)-gilbertine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiyaz Khan
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Michael Dlugosch
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Xin Liu
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Martin G. Banwell
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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24
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Khan F, Dlugosch M, Liu X, Khan M, Banwell MG, Ward JS, Carr PD. Palladium-Catalyzed Ullmann Cross-Coupling of β-Iodoenones and β-Iodoacrylates with o-Halonitroarenes or o-Iodobenzonitriles and Reductive Cyclization of the Resulting Products To Give Diverse Heterocyclic Systems. Org Lett 2018; 20:2770-2773. [PMID: 29676922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed Ullmann cross-coupling of β-iodoenones and β-iodoacrylates such as 5 (X = I) with o-halonitroarenes and o-iodobenzonitriles including 2 affords products such as compound 7. These can be engaged in a range of reductive cyclization reactions leading to heterocyclic frameworks such as 3,4-benzomorphan derivative 43.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiyaz Khan
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Michael Dlugosch
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Xin Liu
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Marium Khan
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Martin G Banwell
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Jas S Ward
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Paul D Carr
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
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25
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Gattu R, Bagdi PR, Basha RS, Khan AT. Camphorsulfonic Acid Catalyzed One-Pot Three-Component Reaction for the Synthesis of Fused Quinoline and Benzoquinoline Derivatives. J Org Chem 2017; 82:12416-12429. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Radhakrishna Gattu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, India
| | - Prasanta Ray Bagdi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, India
| | - R. Sidick Basha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, India
| | - Abu T. Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, India
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26
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Rafiee F. Synthesis of phenanthridine and phenanthridinone derivatives based on Pd-catalyzed C-H activation. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rafiee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of physic-chemistry; Alzahra University; Vanak Tehran Iran
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27
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Chen Z, Wang X. A Pd-catalyzed, boron ester-mediated, reductive cross-coupling of two aryl halides to synthesize tricyclic biaryls. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:5790-5796. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01237c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A direct cross-coupling of two different aryl halides in the presence of a palladium catalyst and boron ester was developed to synthesize tricyclic biaryls in one step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Chen
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
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28
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Liu J, Ren Q, Zhang X, Gong H. Preparation of Vinyl Arenes by Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Coupling of Aryl Halides with Vinyl Bromides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:15544-15548. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Liu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai University of Technology; 100 Hai-Quan Road Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Qinghua Ren
- Center for Supramolecular Materials and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry; Shanghai University; 99 Shang-Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Xinghua Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai University of Technology; 100 Hai-Quan Road Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Hegui Gong
- Center for Supramolecular Materials and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry; Shanghai University; 99 Shang-Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
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29
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Liu J, Ren Q, Zhang X, Gong H. Preparation of Vinyl Arenes by Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Coupling of Aryl Halides with Vinyl Bromides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Liu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai University of Technology; 100 Hai-Quan Road Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Qinghua Ren
- Center for Supramolecular Materials and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry; Shanghai University; 99 Shang-Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Xinghua Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai University of Technology; 100 Hai-Quan Road Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Hegui Gong
- Center for Supramolecular Materials and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry; Shanghai University; 99 Shang-Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
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30
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Li X, Pan J, Song S, Jiao N. Pd-catalyzed dehydrogenative annulation approach for the efficient synthesis of phenanthridinones. Chem Sci 2016; 7:5384-5389. [PMID: 30155191 PMCID: PMC6020758 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc01148a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel Pd-catalyzed intermolecular dehydrogenative annulation of aryl iodides and aryl carbamic chlorides for the efficient synthesis of phenanthridinone derivatives was developed. Simple aryl iodides and carbamic chlorides readily made from various anilines, a broad substrate scope with hetero/polycycles, as well as high-value products, make this direct dehydrogenative annulation approach very practical and attractive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Xue Yuan Rd. 38 , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Jun Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Xue Yuan Rd. 38 , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Song Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Xue Yuan Rd. 38 , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Xue Yuan Rd. 38 , Beijing 100191 , China .
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry , Nankai University , Weijin Rd. 94 , Tianjin 300071 , China
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31
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Shen W, Li J, Zhang C, Shi M, Zhang J. Copper, Silver and Sodium Salt-Mediated Quaternization by Arylation: Syntheses of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Precursors and 6-H-Phenanthridine Derivatives. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:1883-6. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201600563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Shen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemistry&Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemistry&Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemistry&Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Min Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemistry&Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 354 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemistry&Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 China
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32
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Borah A, Gogoi P. Cascade C-C and C-N Bond Formation: A Straightforward Synthesis of Phenanthridines and Fused Quinolines. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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33
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Simonetti SO, Larghi EL, Kaufman TS. A convenient approach to an advanced intermediate toward the naturally occurring, bioactive 6-substituted 5-hydroxy-4-aryl-1H-quinolin-2-ones. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:2625-36. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02680f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An advanced intermediate for the total synthesis of the 5-hydroxy-4-aryl-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-one natural products and a 3,4-bisdesoxy analog of peniprequinolone were synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián O. Simonetti
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR
- CONICET-UNR) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario
- S2002LRK Rosario
- Argentina
| | - Enrique L. Larghi
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR
- CONICET-UNR) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario
- S2002LRK Rosario
- Argentina
| | - Teodoro S. Kaufman
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR
- CONICET-UNR) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario
- S2002LRK Rosario
- Argentina
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34
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Paju A, Kostomarova D, Matkevitš K, Laos M, Pehk T, Kanger T, Lopp M. 3-Alkyl-1,2-cyclopentanediones by Negishi cross-coupling of a 3-bromo-1,2-cyclopentanedione silyl enol ether with alkylzinc reagents: an approach to 2-substituted carboxylic acid γ-lactones, homocitric and lycoperdic acids. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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35
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Han W, Zhou X, Yang S, Xiang G, Cui B, Chen Y. Palladium-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Substitution/C–H Activation/Aromatization Cascade Reaction: One Approach To Construct 6-Unsubstituted Phenanthridines. J Org Chem 2015; 80:11580-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyong Han
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojian Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, P. R. China
| | - Siyi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, P. R. China
| | - Guangyan Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, P. R. China
| | - Baodong Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, P. R. China
| | - Yongzheng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, P. R. China
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36
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Chen J, Chen Y, Wang X, Kong K, Cao W, Chen J. Synthesis and characterization of oxadisilole-fused phenanthridines and dioxatrisilole-fused phenanthridines from benzyne. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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37
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Suzuki K, Iwasaki H, Domasu R, Hitotsuyanagi N, Wakizaka Y, Tominaga M, Kojima N, Ozeki M, Yamashita M. Construction of pyrrolophenanthridinone scaffolds mediated by samarium(II) diiodide and access to natural product synthesis. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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38
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An XD, Yu S. Visible-Light-Promoted and One-Pot Synthesis of Phenanthridines and Quinolines from Aldehydes and O-Acyl Hydroxylamine. Org Lett 2015; 17:2692-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-De An
- State Key
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Shouyun Yu
- State Key
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
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39
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40
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Chen WL, Chen CY, Chen YF, Hsieh JC. Hydride-induced anionic cyclization: an efficient method for the synthesis of 6-H-phenanthridines via a transition-metal-free process. Org Lett 2015; 17:1613-6. [PMID: 25763919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel procedure for hydride-induced anionic cyclization has been developed. It includes the reduction of a biaryl bromo-nitrile with a nucleophilic aromatic substitution (S(N)Ar). A range of polysubstituted 6-H-phenanthridines were so obtained in moderate to good yield with good substrate tolerance. This method involves a concise transition-metal-free process and was applied to synthesize natural alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Fu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Chieh Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
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41
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Ngo TN, Ehlers P, Dang TT, Villinger A, Langer P. Synthesis of indolo[1,2-f]phenanthridines by Pd-catalyzed domino C–N coupling/hydroamination/C–H arylation reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:3321-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00013k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Indolo[1,2-f]phenanthridines were prepared by Pd-catalyzed domino C–N coupling/hydroamination/C–H arylation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thang Ngoc Ngo
- Institut für Chemie
- Universität Rostock
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
| | - Peter Ehlers
- Institut für Chemie
- Universität Rostock
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
| | | | | | - Peter Langer
- Institut für Chemie
- Universität Rostock
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e. V. (LIKAT)
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42
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Ren R, Ma J. Lamellar Ni/Al-SBA-15 fibers: preparation, characterization, and applications as highly efficient catalysts for amine and imine syntheses. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14382a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel lamellar Ni/Al-SBA-15 fiber catalyst was prepared and successfully utilized in one-pot syntheses of amines and imines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Chemical Catalysis
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Jiantai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Chemical Catalysis
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
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43
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Ju Y, Miao D, Yu R, Koo S. Tandem catalytic oxidative deacetylation of acetoacetic esters and heteroaromatic cyclizations. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:2588-99. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02441a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Coupling of ethyl acetoacetate with MVK and with 2-nitrobenzyl bromides, Mn(iii)/Co(ii)-catalyzed deacetylation, and heterocyclizations provide pyrroles and indoles, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeming Ju
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
- Department of Energy and Biotechnology
| | - Di Miao
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
- Department of Energy and Biotechnology
| | - Ruiyang Yu
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
- Department of Energy and Biotechnology
| | - Sangho Koo
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
- Department of Energy and Biotechnology
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44
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45
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46
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Chen YF, Hsieh JC. Synthesis of Polysubstituted Phenanthridines via Ligand-Free Copper-Catalyzed Annulation. Org Lett 2014; 16:4642-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol502237a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Chieh Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
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47
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Du ZT, Han P, Zhou J, Zhang CC, Chen K. Synthesis of Heterocycles via Palladium-Catalyzed C-H Activation/Cyclization of Diazonium Salts (Part III): Phenanthridin-6-(5H)-ones. HETEROCYCLES 2014. [DOI: 10.3987/com-14-13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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48
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Chen YF, Wu YS, Jhan YH, Hsieh JC. An efficient synthesis of (NH)-phenanthridinones via ligand-free copper-catalyzed annulation. Org Chem Front 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3qo00082f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
An efficient and concise procedure for the ligand-free copper-catalyzed cascade reaction of C–O and C–N bond coupling was developed to afford various (NH)-phenanthridinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fu Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Tamkang University
- New Taipei City, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Sheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- Tamkang University
- New Taipei City, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Huei Jhan
- Department of Chemistry
- Tamkang University
- New Taipei City, Republic of China
| | - Jen-Chieh Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry
- Tamkang University
- New Taipei City, Republic of China
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49
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Yang Y, Huang H, Wu L, liang Y. Palladium-catalyzed annulation of benzynes with N-substituted-N-(2-halophenyl)formamides: synthesis of phenanthridinones. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:5351-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00997e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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50
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Pimparkar S, Jeganmohan M. Palladium-catalyzed cyclization of benzamides with arynes: application to the synthesis of phenaglydon and N-methylcrinasiadine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:12116-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc05252h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
N-Methyl or methoxy substituted benzamides reacted with benzynes in the presence of a palladium catalyst, yielding tricyclic N-methyl or N-methoxy substituted phenanthridinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Pimparkar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Pune 411021, India
| | - Masilamani Jeganmohan
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Pune 411021, India
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