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Nguyen QNN, Tantillo DJ. When To Let Go—Diradical Intermediates from Zwitterionic Transition State Structures? J Org Chem 2016; 81:5295-302. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Q. Nhu N. Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Dean J. Tantillo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
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2
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Raviola C, Protti S, Ravelli D, Fagnoni M. (Hetero)aromatics from dienynes, enediynes and enyne–allenes. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:4364-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00128a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the synthesis of (hetero)aromatics starting from polyenes, such as dienynes, enediynes and enyne–allenes, are discussed.
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Perrotta RR, Falvey DE. The 3,5-dinitroanilide anion: a singlet anilide anion with evidence for a thermally accessible triplet state. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele R. Perrotta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Maryland; College Park MD 20740-2012 USA
| | - Daniel E. Falvey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Maryland; College Park MD 20740-2012 USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhilon S. Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar (Mohali), Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar (Mohali), Punjab 160 062, India
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Siebert MR, Osbourn JM, Brummond KM, Tantillo DJ. Differentiating mechanistic possibilities for the thermal, intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition of allene-ynes. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:11952-66. [PMID: 20687581 DOI: 10.1021/ja102848z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions of allene-ynes offer a quick and efficient route to fused bicyclic ring structures. Insights into the mechanism and regiochemical preferences of this reaction are provided herein on the basis of the results of quantum chemical calculations (B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p)) and select experiments; both indicate that the reaction likely proceeds through a stepwise diradical pathway where one radical center is stabilized through allylic delocalization. The influences of the length of the tether connecting the alkyne and allene and substituent effects are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Siebert
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
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6
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Chung LW, Hayashi S, Lundberg M, Nakatsu T, Kato H, Morokuma K. Mechanism of Efficient Firefly Bioluminescence via Adiabatic Transition State and Seam of Sloped Conical Intersection. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:12880-1. [DOI: 10.1021/ja8052464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lung Wa Chung
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Department of Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, and Department of Structural Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shigehiko Hayashi
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Department of Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, and Department of Structural Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Marcus Lundberg
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Department of Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, and Department of Structural Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Toru Nakatsu
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Department of Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, and Department of Structural Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kato
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Department of Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, and Department of Structural Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Keiji Morokuma
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Department of Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, and Department of Structural Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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7
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Kilbas B, Azizoglu A, Balci M. Incorporation of an Allene Unit intoα-Pinenevia β-Elimination. Helv Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200690145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Carpenter BK. Electronically nonadiabatic thermal reactions of organic molecules. Chem Soc Rev 2006; 35:736-47. [PMID: 16862273 DOI: 10.1039/b509487a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This critical review seeks to bring together organic reactions in which thermal generation of electronic excited states plays an important role. The best known such reactions are those producing chemiluminescent products. However, it appears that there may exist at least as many nonadiabatic reactions in which the excited molecules react before they luminesce. An effort is made to understand the efficiency of excited state production. The crucial roles played by reactive intermediates are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry K Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-1301, USA.
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Cremeens ME, Hughes TS, Carpenter BK. Mechanistic Studies on the Cyclization of (Z)-1,2,4-Heptatrien-6-yne in Methanol: A Possible Nonadiabatic Thermal Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:6652-61. [PMID: 15869286 DOI: 10.1021/ja0445443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Myers et al. pyrolyzed (Z)-1,2,4-heptatrien-6-yne (1) in methanol at 100 degrees C and observed benzylmethyl ether (2) as a major product and 2-phenylethanol (3) as a minor product. If a biradical intermediate, such as the open-shell singlet state of alpha,3-didehydrotoluene (4), was the only intermediate generated by the cyclization, then reaction with methanol might be expected to afford 2-phenylethanol as the principal product. The question that has been of interest since its first discovery is the origin of the principal product of the title reaction, benzylmethyl ether. This report considers three mechanisms for formation of the benzylmethyl ether: direct methanol participation in the cyclization of the reactant, partial ether formation from the biradical 4, or involvement of the closed-shell zwitterionic state of alpha,3-didehydrotoluene (5). A fourth mechanism, involving a cyclic allene intermediate, has been ruled out by earlier studies. In the present work, the first two mechanisms are ruled out by experiment and/or calculation. The remaining one, involving the zwitterion, is shown to be consistent with experimental and computational data only if a component of the reaction follows a nonadiabatic course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Cremeens
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-1301, USA
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