1
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Oluwasanmi A, Hoskins C. Potential use of the Diels-Alder reaction in biomedical and nanomedicine applications. Int J Pharm 2021; 604:120727. [PMID: 34029667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Diels-Alder reaction and its retro breakdown has garnered increasing research focus due to several of its advantageous properties including, atomic conservation, reversibility, and substituent retention. This is especially true in biomedical application and nanomedicine development which display a preference for rapid, efficient, and clean "click" chemistry reactions allowing for delivery of active ingredients and subsequent release upon temperature elevation. There are multiple variations on the Diels-Alder reaction based around substitution position and materials being coupled which can affect the temperature threshold for and rate of the retro reaction reversal. Hence, the Diels-Alder reaction offers a simple coupling reaction for active ingredients with tailorable release. In this review the incorporation of the Diels-Alder chemistries and linkers within the biomedical and nanomedicine field will be discussed, as well as its use in future potential technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeolu Oluwasanmi
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK
| | - Clare Hoskins
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK.
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2
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Cadoni E, Rosa-Gastaldo D, Manicardi A, Mancin F, Madder A. Exploiting Double Exchange Diels-Alder Cycloadditions for Immobilization of Peptide Nucleic Acids on Gold Nanoparticles. Front Chem 2020; 8:4. [PMID: 32039162 PMCID: PMC6989547 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of PNA-decorated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has revealed to be more difficult as compared to the generation of DNA-functionalized ones. The less polar nature of this artificial nucleic acid system and the associated tendency of the neutral poly-amidic backbone to aspecifically adsorb onto the gold surface rather than forming a covalent bond through gold-thiol interaction, combined with the low solubility of PNAs itself, form the main limiting factors in the functionalization of AuNP. Here, we provide a convenient methodology that allows to easily conjugate PNAs to AuNP. Positively charged PNAs containing a masked furan moiety were immobilized via a double exchange Diels-Alder cycloaddition onto masked maleimide-functionalized AuNPs in a one-pot fashion. Conjugated PNA strands retain their ability to selectively hybridize with target DNA strands. Moreover, the duplexes resulting from hybridization can be detached through a retro-Diels-Alder reaction, thus allowing straightforward catch-and-release of specific nucleic acid targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Cadoni
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Alex Manicardi
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fabrizio Mancin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Annemieke Madder
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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3
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Mikšátko J, Aurélio D, Kovaříček P, Michlová M, Veverka M, Fridrichová M, Matulková I, Žáček M, Kalbáč M, Vejpravová J. Thermoreversible magnetic nanochains. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:16773-16780. [PMID: 31309957 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03531a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The reversible organization of nanomagnets into highly anisotropic assemblies is of considerable interest for many applications, including theragnostic strategies in vivo. The current preparation strategies lead to structures that are not stable without the permanent presence of an applied magnetic field (MF); otherwise, irreversible assemblies are produced with moderate shape anisotropy at nanoscales. Here, we present a new approach based on the thermoreversible Diels-Alder reaction in the presence of an external MF that enables the assembly of single-domain nanomagnets into narrow chains with lengths of several micrometers. The MF-assisted click chemistry approach included (i) the synthesis of nanoparticles through a modified hydrothermal method, (ii) their functionalization via ligand exchange, (iii) the MF-assisted formation of chains, and (iv) the linkage of the nanomagnets in the presence of the magnetic field. Moreover, the chains can be again disassembled at elevated temperatures through a retro-Diels-Alder reaction. We thus demonstrated for the first time that MF-assisted click chemistry is a convenient method for large-scale preparation of highly anisotropic assemblies of nanosized magnets that can be reversibly decomposed by thermal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Mikšátko
- Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
| | - David Aurélio
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Kovaříček
- Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
| | - Magdalena Michlová
- Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
| | - Miroslav Veverka
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Michaela Fridrichová
- Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
| | - Irena Matulková
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Žáček
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Kalbáč
- Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Vejpravová
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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4
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Castillo RR, Hernández-Escobar D, Gómez-Graña S, Vallet-Regí M. Reversible Nanogate System for Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Based on Diels-Alder Adducts. Chemistry 2018; 24:6992-7001. [PMID: 29493820 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201706100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of nanoparticles as nanomedicines requires sophisticated surface modifications to reduce the immune response and enhance recognition abilities. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles present extraordinary host-guest abilities and facile surface functionalization. These two factors make them ideal candidates for the development of novel drug-delivery systems, at the expense of increasing structural complexity. With this idea in mind, a system composed of triggerable and tunable silica nanoparticles was developed for application as drug-delivery nanocarriers. Diels-Alder cycloaddition adducts were chosen as thermal-responsive units that permitted the binding of gold nanocaps able to block the pores and allow the incorporation of targeting fragments. The capping efficiency was tested under different thermal conditions to give outstanding efficiencies within the physiological range and mild temperatures, as well as enhanced release under pulsing heating cycles, which showed the best release profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael R Castillo
- Dpto. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER), Spain
| | - David Hernández-Escobar
- Dpto. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, MI, USA
| | - Sergio Gómez-Graña
- Dpto. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Dpto. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER), Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Spain
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5
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Shakiba A, Zenasni O, D. Marquez M, Randall Lee T. Advanced drug delivery via self-assembled monolayer-coated nanoparticles. AIMS BIOENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.3934/bioeng.2017.2.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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6
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Ghiassian S, Gobbo P, Workentin MS. Water-Soluble Maleimide-Modified Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) as a Platform for Cycloaddition Reactions. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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7
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Dübner M, Gevrek TN, Sanyal A, Spencer ND, Padeste C. Fabrication of Thiol-Ene "Clickable" Copolymer-Brush Nanostructures on Polymeric Substrates via Extreme Ultraviolet Interference Lithography. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:11337-11345. [PMID: 25978723 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a new approach to grafting thiol-reactive nanopatterned copolymer-brush structures on polymeric substrates by means of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) interference lithography. The copolymer brushes were designed to contain maleimide functional groups as thiol-reactive centers. Fluoropolymer films were exposed to EUV radiation at the X-ray interference lithography beamline (XIL-II) at the Swiss Light Source, in order to create radical patterns on their surfaces. The radicals served as initiators for the copolymerization of thiol-ene "clickable" brushes, composed of a furan-protected maleimide monomer (FuMaMA) and different methacrylates, namely, methyl methacrylate (MMA), ethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate (EGMA), or poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA). Copolymerization with ethylene-glycol-containing monomers provides antibiofouling properties to these surfaces. The number of reactive centers on the grafted brush structures can be tailored by varying the monomer ratios in the feed. Grafted copolymers were characterized by using attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy. The reactive maleimide methacrylate (MaMA) units were utilized to conjugate thiol-containing moieties using the nucleophilic Michael-addition reaction, which proceeds at room temperature without the need for any metal-based catalyst. Using this approach, a variety of functionalities was introduced to yield polyelectrolytes, as well as fluorescent and light-responsive polymer-brush structures. Functionalization of the brush structures was demonstrated via ATR-IR and UV-vis spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy, and was also indicated by a color switch. Furthermore, grafted surfaces were generated via plasma activation, showing a strongly increased wettability for polyelectrolytes and a reversible switch in static water contact angle (CA) of up to 18° for P(EGMA-co-MaMA-SP) brushes, upon exposure to alternating visible and UV-light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Dübner
- †Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ‡Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tugce N Gevrek
- §Department of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Bebek, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amitav Sanyal
- §Department of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Bebek, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nicholas D Spencer
- ‡Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Celestino Padeste
- †Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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8
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García-Astrain C, Ahmed I, Kendziora D, Guaresti O, Eceiza A, Fruk L, Corcuera MA, Gabilondo N. Effect of maleimide-functionalized gold nanoparticles on hybrid biohydrogels properties. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06806a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle cross-linking. Nanocomposite hydrogels with remarkable viscoelastic properties are prepared using maleimide coated gold nanoparticles as co cross-linkers for furan modified gelatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. García-Astrain
- ‘Materials + Technologies’ Group
- Dept. of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Polytechnic School
- University of the Basque Country
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
| | - I. Ahmed
- DFG-Centre for Functional Nanostrucutres (CFN)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - D. Kendziora
- DFG-Centre for Functional Nanostrucutres (CFN)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - O. Guaresti
- ‘Materials + Technologies’ Group
- Dept. of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Polytechnic School
- University of the Basque Country
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
| | - A. Eceiza
- ‘Materials + Technologies’ Group
- Dept. of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Polytechnic School
- University of the Basque Country
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
| | - L. Fruk
- DFG-Centre for Functional Nanostrucutres (CFN)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - M. A. Corcuera
- ‘Materials + Technologies’ Group
- Dept. of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Polytechnic School
- University of the Basque Country
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
| | - N. Gabilondo
- ‘Materials + Technologies’ Group
- Dept. of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Polytechnic School
- University of the Basque Country
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
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9
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Li N, Liang X, Su W. New insights into the asymmetric Diels–Alder reaction: the endo- and S-selective retro-Diels–Alder reaction. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17788j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The endo- and S-selective retro-Diels–Alder reactions have been proposed and verified in an imidazolethione-catalyzed asymmetric Diels–Alder reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Xianrui Liang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Weike Su
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
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10
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Rao V, Navath S, Kottur M, McElhanon JR, McGrath DV. An efficient reverse Diels–Alder approach for the synthesis of N-alkyl bismaleimides. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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11
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Urakami H, Yilmaz AG, Osiceanu P, Yagci Y, Vilela F, Titirici MM. Facile Polymer Functionalization of Hydrothermal-Carbonization-Derived Carbons. Macromol Rapid Commun 2013; 34:1080-4. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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13
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Bielski R, Witczak Z. Strategies for Coupling Molecular Units if Subsequent Decoupling Is Required. Chem Rev 2012; 113:2205-43. [DOI: 10.1021/cr200338q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Bielski
- Value Recovery, Inc., 510 Heron Drive, Suite 301, Bridgeport, New Jersey
08014, United States
| | - Zbigniew Witczak
- Department
of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Nesbitt School of Pharmacy, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18766, United States
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14
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Villemin E, Herent MF, Marchand-Brynaert J. Functionalized Phosphonated Half-Cage Molecules as Ligands for Metal Complexes. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Gobbo P, Workentin MS. Improved methodology for the preparation of water-soluble maleimide-functionalized small gold nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:12357-63. [PMID: 22881999 DOI: 10.1021/la302168g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Improved methodology to prepare maleimide-functionalized, water-soluble, small (<3 nm) gold nanoparticles using a retro-Diels-Alder strategy that we developed for similar organic-soluble AuNP's is described. Importantly, our results suggest that a recent paper by Zhu, Waengler, Lennox, and Schirrmacher describing a similar strategy gave results inconsistent with the formation of the titled maleimide-modified AuNP (Zhu, J.; Waengler, C.; Lennox, R. B.; Schirrmacher, R. Langmuir2012, 28, 5508) as the major product, but consistent with the major product being an adduct derived from the hydrolysis of maleimide formed under the conditions used for the required deprotection of the maleimide. Our methodology provides an efficient and accessible route to pure maleimide-modified small AuNP's that circumvents the formation of the hydrolysis product. The maleimide-modified small AuNP's are versatile because they are soluble in water and in a wide range of organic solvents and their reactivity can now be properly exploited as a reactive moiety in Michael addition for bioconjugation studies in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierangelo Gobbo
- Department of Chemistry, Western University Canada, London, Ontario, Canada
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16
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Gaina V, Ursache O, Gaina C, Buruiana E. Novel Thermally-Reversible Epoxy-Urethane Networks. Des Monomers Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1163/156855511x606155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Viorica Gaina
- a Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry “Petru Poni”, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41 A, 700487 Iasi, Romania;,
| | - Oana Ursache
- b Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry “Petru Poni”, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41 A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Constantin Gaina
- c Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry “Petru Poni”, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41 A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Emil Buruiana
- d Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry “Petru Poni”, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41 A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
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17
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Zhu J, Waengler C, Lennox RB, Schirrmacher R. Preparation of water-soluble maleimide-functionalized 3 nm gold nanoparticles: a new bioconjugation template. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:5508-5512. [PMID: 22428602 DOI: 10.1021/la300316j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present an efficient methodology to prepare maleimide-tethered, water-soluble gold nanoparticles (maleimide-AuNPs). The maleimide-AuNPs were prepared in the protected form and are readily recovered via a retro-Diels-Alder reaction. The maleimide-AuNPs were fully characterized by (1)H NMR, TGA, TEM, and XPS and were determined to have a gold core with an average size of 3.2 ± 0.8 nm; each core contains about 1000 gold atoms and is surrounded by 30 maleimide-terminated ligands and 60 thiolated PEG ligands. The maleimide-AuNPs efficiently react with rhodamine 123 and cysteine and are a promising template for biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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18
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Hartlen KD, Ismaili H, Zhu J, Workentin MS. Michael addition reactions for the modification of gold nanoparticles facilitated by hyperbaric conditions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:864-871. [PMID: 22085199 DOI: 10.1021/la203662n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The chemical interfacial modification of organic solvent soluble 2.4 ± 0.5 nm maleimide-modified monolayer protected gold nanoparticles (2-C(12)AuNPs) with primary or secondary amines via Michael addition reactions is demonstrated. Michael addition reactions between 2-C(12)AuNPs and primary or secondary amines at ambient temperature and pressure and under the conditions where the AuNP is soluble and stable are possible albeit sluggish, often taking days to weeks to go to completion. The rates and efficacies of the these same reactions are drastically increased at hyperbaric pressure conditions (11 000 atm) with no observed adverse effect to the gold nanoparticle stability. The resulting Michael addition adducts (3-C(12)AuNPs) formed from 2-C(12)AuNPs and the corresponding amines were characterized by TEM and by comparison of the (1)H NMR spectra of the 3-C(12)AuNPs with those of model reactions of the same amines with N-dodecylmaleimide, 2. The Michael addition reactions occur more readily with 2 rather than 2-C(12)AuNPs, consistent with the local environment of the latter imposing additional steric or other barriers to the reaction. The use of hyperbaric conditions makes the reaction of the organic solvent soluble 2-C(12)AuNP via Michael addition a viable interfacial modification process that is otherwise impractical. The results also suggest that it is a useful protocol for facilitating Michael addition reactions generally in solution at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurtis D Hartlen
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre of Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
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19
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Patel DG(D, Graham KR, Reynolds JR. A Diels–Alder crosslinkable host polymer for improved PLED performance: the impact on solution processed doped device and multilayer device performance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm14591j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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20
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Erno Z, Asadirad AM, Lemieux V, Branda NR. Using light and a molecular switch to ‘lock’ and ‘unlock’ the Diels–Alder reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:2787-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob06908c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Sugie A, Kumazawa K, Hatta T, Kanie K, Muramatsu A, Mori A. Cross Coupling on Gold Nanoparticles. Effect of Reinforced Affinity of Organic Group with Bipedal Thiol. CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2011.1450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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22
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Cardenas-Daw C, Kroeger A, Schaertl W, Froimowicz P, Landfester K. Reversible Photocycloadditions, a Powerful Tool for Tailoring (Nano)Materials. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201100399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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23
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Boutelle RC, Northrop BH. Substituent effects on the reversibility of furan-maleimide cycloadditions. J Org Chem 2011; 76:7994-8002. [PMID: 21866976 DOI: 10.1021/jo201606z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The effects of furan and maleimide substitution on the dynamic reversibility of their Diels-Alder reactivity have been investigated computationally and by (1)H NMR spectroscopy. Furan and furan derivatives bearing methoxy, methyl, or formyl groups at their 2- or 3-positions were investigated with maleimide and maleimide derivatives bearing N-methyl, N-allyl, and N-phenyl substituents. Computational predictions indicate that electronic and regiochemical effects of furan substitution significantly influence their Diels-Alder reactivity with maleimide, with reaction free energies of exo adduct formation ranging from ΔG = -9.4 to 0.9 kcal/mol and transition state barriers to exo adduct formation ranging from ΔG(‡) = 18.9 to 25.6 kcal/mol. Much less variation was observed for the reactivity of N-substituted maleimide derivatives and furan, with reaction and transition state free energies each falling within a range of 1.1 kcal/mol. Dynamic exchange experiments monitored by (1)H NMR spectroscopy support computational predictions. The results indicate the reactivity and reversibility of furan-maleimide cycloadditions can be tuned significantly through the addition of appropriate substituents and have implications in the use of furan and maleimide derivatives in the construction of thermally responsive organic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Boutelle
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, United States
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Subramani C, Cengiz N, Saha K, Gevrek TN, Yu X, Jeong Y, Bajaj A, Sanyal A, Rotello VM. Direct fabrication of functional and biofunctional nanostructures through reactive imprinting. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:3165-9. [PMID: 21608055 PMCID: PMC4102398 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201101292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nergiz Cengiz
- Department of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Istanbul, 34342, Turkey
| | - Krishnendu Saha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | | | - Xi Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Youngdo Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Amitav Sanyal
- Department of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Istanbul, 34342, Turkey
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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25
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Tasdelen MA. Diels–Alder “click” reactions: recent applications in polymer and material science. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00041a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 439] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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26
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Samanta D, Sarkar A. Immobilization of bio-macromolecules on self-assembled monolayers: methods and sensor applications. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:2567-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00056f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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27
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Tindale J, Hartlen K, Alizadeh A, Workentin M, Ragogna P. Maleimide-Modified Phosphonium Ionic Liquids: A Template Towards (Multi)Task-Specific Ionic Liquids. Chemistry 2010; 16:9068-75. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200902610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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28
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Liu X, Liu H, Zhou W, Zheng H, Yin X, Li Y, Guo Y, Zhu M, Ouyang C, Zhu D, Xia A. Thermoreversible covalent self-assembly of oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) bridged gold nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:3179-3185. [PMID: 20028115 DOI: 10.1021/la903838w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrids have been fabricated through mild Diels-Alder cross-linking between maleimide bearing oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) (OPV) and furan functionalized gold nanoparticles with diameter smaller than 2 nm. The OPV ligands afford strong reaction ability toward furan group due to their maleimide moieties. These small gold nanoparticles form close-packed homogeneous hybrids with well-defined interfaces by incorporating OPV ligands in solutions. Covalent assembly and disassembly of gold nanoparticles can be achieved by repeated thermal stimuli on as-obtained hybrids, which can be monitored by fluorescence changes of OPVs and surface plasmon resonance absorption. Moreover, the dramatic photophysical properties and assembly behavior of these hybrids allow this procedure to be performed as a smart assay for monitoring the process of the Diels-Alder reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
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29
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Bakhtiari A, Hsiao D, Jin G, Gates B, Branda N. An Efficient Method Based on the Photothermal Effect for the Release of Molecules from Metal Nanoparticle Surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200805303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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30
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Bakhtiari A, Hsiao D, Jin G, Gates B, Branda N. An Efficient Method Based on the Photothermal Effect for the Release of Molecules from Metal Nanoparticle Surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:4166-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200805303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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32
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Malkov AV, Figlus M, Cooke G, Caldwell ST, Rabani G, Prestly MR, Kočovský P. Organocatalysts immobilised onto gold nanoparticles: application in the asymmetric reduction of imines with trichlorosilane. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:1878-83. [DOI: 10.1039/b821391g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Marin ML, McGilvray KL, Scaiano JC. Photochemical Strategies for the Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles from Au(III) and Au(I) Using Photoinduced Free Radical Generation. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:16572-84. [DOI: 10.1021/ja803490n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Luisa Marin
- Instituto de Tecnología Química CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Av. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain, and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Katherine L. McGilvray
- Instituto de Tecnología Química CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Av. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain, and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Juan C. Scaiano
- Instituto de Tecnología Química CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Av. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain, and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
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Liu X, Zhu M, Chen S, Yuan M, Guo Y, Song Y, Liu H, Li Y. Organic-inorganic nanohybrids via directly grafting gold nanoparticles onto conjugated copolymers through the Diels-Alder reaction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:11967-11974. [PMID: 18759505 DOI: 10.1021/la8020639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposites of poly- p-phenyleneethynylene gold nanoparticles (PPE-Au) were synthesized via directly grafting maleimide functionalized gold nanoparticles (MA-Au) onto PPE chains by a mild Diels-Alder reaction. The Diels-Alder reaction between copolymers and MA-Au leads to self-assembly of the MA-Au as well as enhances electronic communication between the copolymers and inorganic particles. The as-prepared hybrid nanoassemblies show homogeneous status and well-defined interfaces, which facilitate the electronic interaction between conjugated polymers and gold nanoparticles. Moreover, dramatic photophysical properties and an influence on the assembly behavior of gold nanoparticles are also exhibited, which allows this procedure to be performed as a smart assay for monitoring the process of the Diels-Alder reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Center for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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35
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Ghobsi A, Hacini S, Wavrin L, Gaudel-Siri A, Corbères A, Nicolas C, Bonne D, Viala J, Rodriguez J. Palladium-Catalysed Isomerisation of 2-Vinylidenehydrofurans to 1,3-Dienes and Some Aspects of Their Reactivity. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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