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Trost BM, Taft BR, Tracy JS, Stivala CE. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of the Pentacyclic Core of (+)-Citrinadin A. Org Lett 2021; 23:4981-4985. [PMID: 34114462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of the pentacylic core of (+)-citrinadin A is described. Our strategy harnesses the power of palladium-catalyzed trimethylenemethane chemistry (Pd-TMM) to form the key spirooxindole motif in a catalytic, asymmetric fashion. Upon the conversion of this spirooxindole to a vinyl epoxide electrophile, the piperidine ring is directly added via a diastereoselective metalation followed by an SN2' addition. The final ring of the pentacyclic core is then formed through an intramolecular SN2 displacement of the resulting activated alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry M Trost
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Benjamin R Taft
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jacob S Tracy
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Craig E Stivala
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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2
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Chang CY, Wu YK. Palladium-Catalyzed α-Allylation of Secondary Nitroalkanes with Allylic Alcohols and Strategic Exploitation of Seebach's Reagent for the Total Synthesis of (±)-Adalinine. J Org Chem 2018; 83:6217-6224. [PMID: 29767507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A method is reported for the catalytic direct coupling of allylic alcohols and nitroalkanes. In the allylation process, the synergistic action of palladium complexes and titanium(IV) alkoxide facilitates the formation of nitronate and π-allylpalladium intermediate. In the cases of reluctant allylations, typically with sterically demanding nitroalkanes, we found the addition of substoichiometric amount of DBU greatly facilitates the desired transformation. We also accomplished a total synthesis of (±)-adalinine through a homoallyl nitroalkane derived from Seebach's reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Yu Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry , National Chiao Tung University , 1001 University Road , Hsinchu 30010 , Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ku Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry , National Chiao Tung University , 1001 University Road , Hsinchu 30010 , Taiwan
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3
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Liu J, Marsini MA, Bedell TA, Reider PJ, Sorensen EJ. Diastereoselective syntheses of substituted cis-hydrindanones featuring sequential inter- and intramolecular Michael reactions. Tetrahedron 2016; 72:3713-3717. [PMID: 27642195 PMCID: PMC5021295 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The hydrindane (bicyclo[4.3.0]nonane) structural motif (1) and related cis-1-hydrindanone skeleton (2) are common substructures in many natural products. Herein, we describe efficient access to substituted cis-1-hydrindanones enabled by a sequence of Michael reactions. A copper-catalyzed intermolecular Michael addition of a cyclic silyl ketene acetal to a β-substituted-α-alkoxycarbonyl-cyclopentenone enables construction of a quaternary center and is followed, after incorporation of an additional Michael acceptor, by a second, intramolecular addition of a nucleophilic β-ketoester. This strategy affords stereoselective access to substituted bicyclic cis-hydrindanone ring systems containing up to three contiguous stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Erik J. Sorensen
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Frick Chemical Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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4
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Shen ZL, Dhayalan V, Benischke AD, Greiner R, Karaghiosoff K, Mayer P, Knochel P. Polyfunctional Lithium, Magnesium, and Zinc Alkenyl Reagents as Building Blocks for the Synthesis of Complex Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:5332-6. [PMID: 26991941 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
New conjunctive β-silylated organometallic reagents of Li, Mg, and Zn have been prepared and used for an expeditive construction of various polyfunctionalized 5-, 6-, and 7-membered heterocycles, such as furans, pyrroles, quinolines, benzo[b]thieno-[2,3-b]pyridine, naphthyridines, fused pyrazoles, and 2,3-dihydro-benzo[c]azepines. The latent silyl group has been converted into various carbon-carbon bonds in most heterocycle types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Liang Shen
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Vasudevan Dhayalan
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Andreas D Benischke
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Robert Greiner
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Peter Mayer
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany.
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5
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Shen ZL, Dhayalan V, Benischke AD, Greiner R, Karaghiosoff K, Mayer P, Knochel P. Polyfunktionelle Lithium-, Magnesium- und Zinkalkenyl-Reagentien als Grundbausteine für die Synthese komplexer Heterocyclen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Liang Shen
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Deutschland
| | - Vasudevan Dhayalan
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Deutschland
| | - Andreas D. Benischke
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Deutschland
| | - Robert Greiner
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Deutschland
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Deutschland
| | - Peter Mayer
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Deutschland
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Deutschland
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6
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Crossley SWM, Shenvi RA. A Longitudinal Study of Alkaloid Synthesis Reveals Functional Group Interconversions as Bad Actors. Chem Rev 2015; 115:9465-531. [PMID: 26158529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven W M Crossley
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ryan A Shenvi
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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7
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Monari M, Montroni E, Nitti A, Lombardo M, Trombini C, Quintavalla A. Highly stereoselective [4+2] and [3+2] spiroannulations of 2-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)acetic esters catalyzed by bifunctional thioureas. Chemistry 2015; 21:11038-49. [PMID: 26032428 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A new Michael-Michael cascade reaction between 2-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)acetic esters 1 and nitroenoates 2, catalyzed by bifunctional thioureas, is investigated. The combination of the two Michael reactions results in a novel and facile [4+2] or [3+2] spiroannulation process, which is characterized by the following features: 1) two carbon-carbon bonds and four stereocenters, including a quaternary spiro carbon, are formed under mild conditions; 2) an unprecedented and stereochemically defined substitution pattern on the spirocarbocyclic unit is obtained; 3) the double-bond configuration of the donor-acceptor nitroenoate 2 determines the absolute configuration of the spiro center, whereas the remaining stereocenters are formed under control of the catalyst. The effect on the final stereochemical outcome of structural variations of each starting material, catalyst, and experimental conditions is analyzed in detail. In particular, the use of specifically designed chiral nitroenoates enables diverse polyfunctional spirocyclohexane derivatives containing six consecutive stereogenic centers to be constructed. To our knowledge, this is the first asymmetric organocatalytic strategy enabling both five- and six-membered β-nitro spirocarbocyclic oxindoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Monari
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna (Italy)
| | - Elisa Montroni
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna (Italy)
| | - Andrea Nitti
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna (Italy)
| | - Marco Lombardo
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna (Italy)
| | - Claudio Trombini
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna (Italy)
| | - Arianna Quintavalla
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna (Italy).
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8
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Bian Z, Marvin CC, Pettersson M, Martin SF. Enantioselective total syntheses of citrinadins A and B. Stereochemical revision of their assigned structures. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:14184-92. [PMID: 25211501 PMCID: PMC4195386 DOI: 10.1021/ja5074646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The concise, enantioselective total syntheses of (-)-citrinadin A and (+)-citrinadin B in a total of only 20 and 21 steps, respectively, from commercially available starting materials are described. Our strategy, which minimizes refunctionalization and protection/deprotection operations, features the highly diastereoselective, vinylogous Mannich addition of a dienolate to a chiral pyridinium salt to set the first chiral center. The absolute stereochemistry of this key center was then relayed by a sequence of substrate-controlled reactions, including a highly stereoselective epoxidation/ring opening sequence and an oxidative rearrangement of an indole to furnish a spirooxindole to establish the remaining stereocenters in the pentacyclic core of the citrinadins. An early stage intermediate in the synthesis of (-)-citrinadin A was deoxygenated to generate a dehydroxy compound that was elaborated into (+)-citrinadin B by a sequence of reaction identical to those used to prepare (-)-citrinadin A. These concise syntheses of (-)-citrinadin A and (+)-citrinadin B led to a revision of their stereochemical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Bian
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | | | | | - Stephen F. Martin
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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9
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Chen R, Fan X, Gong J, He Z. Lewis-Base-Catalyzed Annulations of Nitroallylic Acetates asC3Synthons with Electron-Deficient Alkenes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201402059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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10
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Mundal DA, Sarpong R. Synthetic studies toward the citrinadin A and B core architecture. Org Lett 2013; 15:4952-5. [PMID: 24050750 DOI: 10.1021/ol402177a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The core architecture of the citrinadin alkaloids has been prepared in racemic form by utilizing a strategy that exploits the alkylation of 2-methoxypyridines. An initially planned indolizidine to quinolizidine transformation to build the D/E rings was unsuccessful. Success was ultimately gained by a direct alkylation to establish the citrinadin core architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon A Mundal
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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11
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Bian Z, Marvin CC, Martin SF. Enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-citrinadin A and revision of its stereochemical structure. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:10886-9. [PMID: 23837457 DOI: 10.1021/ja405547f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The first enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-citrinadin A has been accomplished in 20 steps from commercially available materials via an approach that minimizes refunctionalization and protection/deprotection operations. The cornerstone of this synthesis features an asymmetric vinylogous Mannich addition of a dienolate to a chiral pyridinium salt to set the initial chiral center. A sequence of substrate-controlled reactions, including a highly stereoselective epoxidation/ring-opening sequence and an oxidative rearrangement of an indole to furnish a spirooxindole, are then used to establish the remaining stereocenters in the pentacyclic core of (-)-citrinadin A. The successful synthesis of citrinadin A led to a revision of the stereochemical structure of the core substructure of the citrinadins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Bian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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12
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Zheng B, Wang H, Han Y, Liu C, Peng Y. A novel method to access chiral nonnatural 2,4-disubstituted pyrrolidines from aldehydes and nitroolefins only with an α-substituent. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:4561-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc40583d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Guerrero CA, Sorensen EJ. Concise, stereocontrolled synthesis of the citrinadin B core architecture. Org Lett 2011; 13:5164-7. [PMID: 21894952 DOI: 10.1021/ol2020362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A concise, stereocontrolled synthesis of the citrinadin B core architecture from scalemic, readily available starting materials is disclosed. Highlights include ready access to both cyclic tryptophan tautomer and trans-2,6-disubstituted piperidine fragments, an efficient, stereoretentive mixed Claisen acylation for the coupling of these halves, and further diastereoselective carbonyl addition and oxidative rearrangement for assembly of the core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Guerrero
- Frick Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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14
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Liu HM, Wang XJ, Xu HW, Guo LL, Zhang E, Chen GW, Guo X. Synthesis of Various Substituted Spiro- and Bicyclethiazolidine-2-thiones by a Multicomponent Reaction and Biological Evaluation in vitro. HETEROCYCLES 2011. [DOI: 10.3987/com-11-12147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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