1
|
Ushasree MV, Jia Q, Do SG, Lee EY. New opportunities and perspectives on biosynthesis and bioactivities of secondary metabolites from Aloe vera. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 72:108325. [PMID: 38395206 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Historically, the genus Aloe has been an indispensable part of both traditional and modern medicine. Decades of intensive research have unveiled the major bioactive secondary metabolites of this plant. Recent pandemic outbreaks have revitalized curiosity in aloe metabolites, as they have proven pharmacokinetic profiles and repurposable chemical space. However, the structural complexity of these metabolites has hindered scientific advances in the chemical synthesis of these compounds. Multi-omics research interventions have transformed aloe research by providing insights into the biosynthesis of many of these compounds, for example, aloesone, aloenin, noreugenin, aloin, saponins, and carotenoids. Here, we summarize the biological activities of major aloe secondary metabolites with a focus on their mechanism of action. We also highlight the recent advances in decoding the aloe metabolite biosynthetic pathways and enzymatic machinery linked with these pathways. Proof-of-concept studies on in vitro, whole-cell, and microbial synthesis of aloe compounds have also been briefed. Research initiatives on the structural modification of various aloe metabolites to expand their chemical space and activity are detailed. Further, the technological limitations, patent status, and prospects of aloe secondary metabolites in biomedicine have been discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mrudulakumari Vasudevan Ushasree
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Qi Jia
- Unigen, Inc., 2121 South street suite 400 Tacoma, Washington 98405, USA
| | - Seon Gil Do
- Naturetech, Inc., 29-8, Yongjeong-gil, Chopyeong-myeon, Jincheon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 27858, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
He SJ, Zhu S, Qiu SQ, Ding WY, Cheng JK, Xiang SH, Tan B. Phosphoric Acid-Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of Axially Chiral Anthrone-based Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202213914. [PMID: 36346195 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Anthrones and analogues are structural cores shared by diverse pharmacologically active natural and synthetic compounds. The sp2 -rich nature imposes inherent obstruction to introduce stereogenic element onto the tricyclic aromatic backbone. In our pursuit to expand the chemical space of axial chirality, a novel type of axially chiral anthrone-derived skeleton was discovered. This work establishes oxime ether as suitable functionality to furnish axial chirality on symmetric anthrone skeletons through stereoselective condensation of the carbonyl entity with long-range chirality control. The enantioenriched anthrones could be elaborated into dibenzo-fused seven-membered N-heterocycles containing well-defined stereogenic center via Beckmann rearrangement with axial-to-point chirality conversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jiang He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shuai Zhu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sheng-Qi Qiu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wei-Yi Ding
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jun Kee Cheng
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shao-Hua Xiang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Bin Tan
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ng K, Shaktah R, Vardanyan L, Minehan TG. Total Synthesis of Alvaradoins E and F, Uveoside, and 10-epi-Uveoside. Org Lett 2019; 21:9175-9178. [PMID: 31670523 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Concise total syntheses of the anthracenone C-glycosides alvaradoins E and F, uveoside, and 10-epi-uveoside (1-4) have been accomplished from chrysophanic acid 8 and bromosugar 9. Key steps in the syntheses include the DBU-induced coupling of 8 and 9 to produce β-C-glycoside 11, and a Pb(OAc)4-mediated Kochi reaction to introduce the C-1' oxygen atom of the natural products. Isothermal titration calorimetry and fluorescence binding studies reveal that compounds 1 and 2 have good affinity for the plasma protein HSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Ng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , California State University, Northridge , 18111 Nordhoff Street , Northridge , California 91330-8262 , United States
| | - Ryan Shaktah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , California State University, Northridge , 18111 Nordhoff Street , Northridge , California 91330-8262 , United States
| | - Laura Vardanyan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , California State University, Northridge , 18111 Nordhoff Street , Northridge , California 91330-8262 , United States
| | - Thomas G Minehan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , California State University, Northridge , 18111 Nordhoff Street , Northridge , California 91330-8262 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nishii A, Takikawa H, Suzuki K. 2-Bromo-6-(chlorodiisopropylsilyl)phenyl tosylate as an efficient platform for intramolecular benzyne-diene [4 + 2] cycloaddition. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3840-3845. [PMID: 31015926 PMCID: PMC6461022 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05518a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
An intramolecular benzyne–diene [4 + 2] cycloaddition with broad substrate scope has been realized by using a cleavable silicon tether, allowing access to various polycyclic structures.
An intramolecular benzyne–diene [4 + 2] cycloaddition with broad substrate scope has been realized by using a cleavable silicon tether, allowing access to various polycyclic structures. 2-Bromo-6-(chlorodiisopropylsilyl)phenyl tosylate serves as an efficient platform for (1) rapid attachment of various arynophiles to the benzyne precursor via a Si–O bond and (2) facile generation of benzyne via halogen–metal exchange with Ph3MgLi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arata Nishii
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8551 , Japan .
| | - Hiroshi Takikawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan
| | - Keisuke Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8551 , Japan .
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dubbu S, Vankar YD. Reaction of 1,2-Anhydrosugars with Arynes: An Approach to 1,2-Dihydrobenzofuran-Fused C
-Aryl Glycosides and C2-O
-Phenolic Glycals. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sateesh Dubbu
- Department of chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; 208016 Kanpur India
| | - Yashwant D. Vankar
- Department of chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; 208016 Kanpur India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stereoselective synthesis of 1,2-annulated-C-Aryl glycosides from carbohydrate-derived terminally unsubstituted dienes and arynes: Application towards synthesis of sugar-fused- or branched- naphthalenes, and C-Aryl glycosides. Carbohydr Res 2018; 465:29-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
7
|
Liao H, Ma J, Yao H, Liu XW. Recent progress of C-glycosylation methods in the total synthesis of natural products and pharmaceuticals. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:1791-1806. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00032h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
C-Glycosylation has found widespread use in the synthesis of biomedically important natural products and pharmaceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongze Liao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637371
| | - Jimei Ma
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Hui Yao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637371
| | - Xue-Wei Liu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Science
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637371
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kitamura K, Ando Y, Matsumoto T, Suzuki K. Total Synthesis of Aryl C-Glycoside Natural Products: Strategies and Tactics. Chem Rev 2017; 118:1495-1598. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Kitamura
- Department
of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ando
- Department
of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- School
of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1
Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Keisuke Suzuki
- Department
of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Diverse structural types of natural products and their mimics have served as targets of opportunity in our laboratory to inspire the discovery and development of new methods and strategies to assemble polyfunctional and polycyclic molecular architectures. Furthermore, our efforts toward identifying novel compounds having useful biological properties led to the creation of new targets, many of which posed synthetic challenges that required the invention of new methodology. In this Perspective, selected examples of how we have exploited a diverse range of natural products and their mimics to create, explore, and solve a variety of problems in chemistry and biology will be discussed. The journey was not without its twists and turns, but the unexpected often led to new revelations and insights. Indeed, in our recent excursion into applications of synthetic organic chemistry to neuroscience, avoiding the more-traveled paths was richly rewarding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen F Martin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bokor É, Kun S, Goyard D, Tóth M, Praly JP, Vidal S, Somsák L. C-Glycopyranosyl Arenes and Hetarenes: Synthetic Methods and Bioactivity Focused on Antidiabetic Potential. Chem Rev 2017; 117:1687-1764. [PMID: 28121130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This Review summarizes close to 500 primary publications and surveys published since 2000 about the syntheses and diverse bioactivities of C-glycopyranosyl (het)arenes. A classification of the preparative routes to these synthetic targets according to methodologies and compound categories is provided. Several of these compounds, regardless of their natural or synthetic origin, display antidiabetic properties due to enzyme inhibition (glycogen phosphorylase, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B) or by inhibiting renal sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2). The latter class of synthetic inhibitors, very recently approved as antihyperglycemic drugs, opens new perspectives in the pharmacological treatment of type 2 diabetes. Various compounds with the C-glycopyranosyl (het)arene motif were subjected to biological studies displaying among others antioxidant, antiviral, antibiotic, antiadhesive, cytotoxic, and glycoenzyme inhibitory effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Éva Bokor
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen , P.O. Box 400, Debrecen H-4002, Hungary
| | - Sándor Kun
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen , P.O. Box 400, Debrecen H-4002, Hungary
| | - David Goyard
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique 2 - Glycochimie, UMR 5246, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 and CNRS , 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
| | - Marietta Tóth
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen , P.O. Box 400, Debrecen H-4002, Hungary
| | - Jean-Pierre Praly
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique 2 - Glycochimie, UMR 5246, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 and CNRS , 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
| | - Sébastien Vidal
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique 2 - Glycochimie, UMR 5246, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 and CNRS , 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
| | - László Somsák
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen , P.O. Box 400, Debrecen H-4002, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Kocsis LS, Kagalwala HN, Mutto S, Godugu B, Bernhard S, Tantillo DJ, Brummond KM. Mechanistic Insight into the Dehydro-Diels–Alder Reaction of Styrene–Ynes. J Org Chem 2015; 80:11686-98. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura S. Kocsis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15206, United States
| | - Husain N. Kagalwala
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Sharlene Mutto
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Bhaskar Godugu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15206, United States
| | - Stefan Bernhard
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Dean J. Tantillo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Kay M. Brummond
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15206, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kazancioglu EA, Kazancioglu MZ, Fistikci M, Secen H, Altundas R. Photooxygenation of Azidoalkyl Furans: Catalyst-Free Triazole and New Endoperoxide Rearrangement. Org Lett 2013; 15:4790-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol402163u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Meryem Fistikci
- Department of Chemistry, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Secen
- Department of Chemistry, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Altundas
- Department of Chemistry, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang T, Huang X, Luling Wu A. A Facile Synthesis of 2H-Chromenes and 9-Functionalized Phenanthrenes through Reactions between α,β-Unsaturated Compounds and Arynes. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
15
|
Tadross PM, Stoltz BM. A Comprehensive History of Arynes in Natural Product Total Synthesis. Chem Rev 2012; 112:3550-77. [DOI: 10.1021/cr200478h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 667] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela M. Tadross
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger
Laboratory of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,
California 91125, United States
| | - Brian M. Stoltz
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger
Laboratory of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,
California 91125, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
|
17
|
Gampe CM, Carreira EM. Arynes and Cyclohexyne in Natural Product Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:3766-78. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201107485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 418] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
18
|
Schmidt B, Geißler D. Olefin-Metathesis-Based Synthesis of Furans by an RCM/Deprotonation/Phosphorylation Sequence and Their Diels-Alder Reactions. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
19
|
O'Keefe BM, Mans DM, Kaelin DE, Martin SF. Studies Toward the Syntheses of Pluramycin Natural Products. The First Total Synthesis of Isokidamycin. Tetrahedron 2011; 67:6524-6538. [PMID: 21804649 PMCID: PMC3145363 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.05.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We report the first total synthesis of the complex C-aryl glycoside isokidamycin, the epimer of the naturally-occurring pluramycin antibiotic kidamycin. The synthesis features a highly efficientDiels-Alder reaction between a substituted naphthyne and a glycosylatedfuran to form the anthracene core bearing a pendant angolosamine C-glycoside. The regiochemical outcome of the Diels-Alder reaction was controlled by employing a disposable silicon-tether to link the reactive napthyne and the glycosyl furan, rendering the cycloaddition intramolecular. The benzopyranone moietyof the aromatic nucleus was appended by cyclization of a functionalized vinylogous amide onto an advanced anthrol intermediate. The vancosamine amino glycoside was introduced by an O→C-glycoside rearrangement that produced the β-anomer. Subsequent refunctionalizations then led to isokidamycin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Michael O'Keefe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300 Austin, TX 78712-0165
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|