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Li H, Li J, Zu B, Du Y, Su Y, Dou X. Precise counter anion modulation of the self-assembly behavior-endowed ultrasensitive and specific dual-mode visualization of nitrate. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135014. [PMID: 38941839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Pt(II) polypyridine complex-based probe exhibits promising performance in anion detection by the change of the absorption and emission properties based on supramolecular self-assembly. However, whether one can develop a modulation strategy of the counter anion to boost the detection sensitivity and anti-interference capability of the Pt(II) complex-based probe remains a big challenge. Here, an effective modulation strategy was proposed by precisely regulating the interaction energy through adjusting the type of the counter anions, and a series of probes have been synthesized by counter anion (X = Cl-, ClO4-, PF6-) exchange in [Pt(tpy)Cl]·X (tpy=2,2':6',2''-terpyridine), and thus the colorimetric-luminescence dual-mode detection toward nitrate was achieved. The optimal [Pt(tpy)Cl]·Cl probe shows superior nitrate detection performance including a limit of detection (LOD) (8.68 nM), rapid response (<0.5 s), an excellent selectivity and anti-interference capability even facing 14 common anions. Moreover, a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) sponge-based sensing chip loaded with the probe enables the ultra-sensitive detection of nitrate particles with an ultralow detection limit of 7.6 pg, and it was further integrated into a detection pen for the accurate recognition of nitrate particles in real scenarios. The proposed counter-anion modulation strategy is expected to start a new frontier for the exploration of novel Pt(II) complex-based probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Trace Chemical Substances Sensing, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Jiguang Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Trace Chemical Substances Sensing, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Baiyi Zu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Trace Chemical Substances Sensing, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; Key Laboratory of Improvised Explosive Chemicals for State Market Regulation, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Yuwan Du
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Trace Chemical Substances Sensing, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Yuhong Su
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Xincun Dou
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Trace Chemical Substances Sensing, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; Key Laboratory of Improvised Explosive Chemicals for State Market Regulation, Urumqi 830011, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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2
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Canote CA, Kilyanek SM. Reactivity of metal dioxo complexes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4874-4889. [PMID: 38379444 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04390h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Metal dioxo chemistry and its diverse reactivity are presented with an emphasis on the mechanisms of reactivity. Work from approximately the last decade is surveyed and organized by metal. In particular, the chemistry of cis-dioxo metal complexes is discussed at length. Reactions are grouped by generic type, including addition across a metal oxo bond, oxygen atom transfer, and radical atom transfer reactions. Attention is given to advances in deoxygenation chemistry, oxidation chemistry, and reductive transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody A Canote
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 1 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
| | - Stefan M Kilyanek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 1 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
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3
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Graphene Nanoparticle-Based, Nitrate Ion Sensor Characteristics. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11010150. [PMID: 33435374 PMCID: PMC7827539 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Gathering and sensing of nitrate ions in the environment due to the abundant use in industry and agriculture have become an important problem, which needs to be overcome. On the other hand, new materials such as carbon-based materials with unique properties have become an ideal choice in sensing technology. In this research, the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) polymer as a carbon source in the melted form was used and carbon nanoparticles in the form of a strand between two electrodes were analyzed. It was fabricated between copper electrodes by the pulsed arc discharge method. Subsequently, the constructed metal–nanoparticle–metal (MNM) contact was employed to recognize the nitrate ions. Therefore, NaNO3, Pb(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2, and NH4NO3 samples as a usual pollutant of industrial and agricultural wastewater were examined. All nitrate compounds in ten different densities were tested and sensor I-V characteristic was investigated, which showed that all the aforesaid compounds were recognizable by the graphene nano-strand. Additionally, the proposed structure in the presence of ions was simulated and acceptable agreement between them was reported. Additionally, the proposed structure analytically was investigated, and a comparison study between the proposed model and measured results was carried out and realistic agreement reported.
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Xiong X, Zhi W, Yan J, Song W, Du H, Zhao H, Li F, Song F, Sun Y, Zheng L. Synthesis of Naphthalimine-derived Dye and Its Applications in Fluorescent Imaging and Dyeing Surgical Suture Materials. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Xiong
- Key Lab of Ecological Textile; Dalian Polytechnic University; 1 Qinggongyuan Dalian 116034, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; Dalian University of Technology; 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024, P.R. China
| | - Weiru Zhi
- Key Lab of Ecological Textile; Dalian Polytechnic University; 1 Qinggongyuan Dalian 116034, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Lab of Ecological Textile; Dalian Polytechnic University; 1 Qinggongyuan Dalian 116034, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Song
- Key Lab of Ecological Textile; Dalian Polytechnic University; 1 Qinggongyuan Dalian 116034, P.R. China
| | - Hui Du
- Key Lab of Ecological Textile; Dalian Polytechnic University; 1 Qinggongyuan Dalian 116034, P.R. China
| | - Hongjuan Zhao
- Key Lab of Ecological Textile; Dalian Polytechnic University; 1 Qinggongyuan Dalian 116034, P.R. China
| | - Feixia Li
- Key Lab of Ecological Textile; Dalian Polytechnic University; 1 Qinggongyuan Dalian 116034, P.R. China
| | - Fengling Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; Dalian University of Technology; 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024, P.R. China
| | - Yanfeng Sun
- Zhejiang Jihua group Co., Ltd. Hangzhou; Zhejiang 311228, P.R. China
| | - Laijiu Zheng
- Key Lab of Ecological Textile; Dalian Polytechnic University; 1 Qinggongyuan Dalian 116034, P.R. China
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5
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Kathayat RS, Yang L, Sattasathuchana T, Zoppi L, Baldridge KK, Linden A, Finney NS. On the Origins of Nonradiative Excited State Relaxation in Aryl Sulfoxides Relevant to Fluorescent Chemosensing. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:15889-15895. [PMID: 27809511 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We provide herein a mechanistic analysis of aryl sulfoxide excited state processes, inspired by our recent report of aryl sulfoxide based fluorescent chemosensors. The use of aryl sulfoxides as reporting elements in chemosensor development is a significant deviation from previous approaches, and thus warrants closer examination. We demonstrate that metal ion binding suppresses nonradiative excited state decay by blocking formation of a previously unrecognized charge transfer excited state, leading to fluorescence enhancement. This charge transfer state derives from the initially formed locally excited state followed by intramolecular charge transfer to form a sulfoxide radical cation/aryl radical anion pair. With the aid of computational studies, we map out ground and excited state potential energy surface details for aryl sulfoxides, and conclude that fluorescence enhancement is almost entirely the result of excited state effects. This work expands previous proposals that excited state pyramidal inversion is the major nonradiative decay pathway for aryl sulfoxides. We show that pyramidal inversion is indeed relevant, but that an additional and dominant nonradiative pathway must also exist. These conclusions have implications for the design of next generation sulfoxide based fluorescent chemosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul S Kathayat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lijun Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University , 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Tosaporn Sattasathuchana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Zoppi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kim K Baldridge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.,School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University , 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Anthony Linden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nathaniel S Finney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.,School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University , 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
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de Echegaray P, Mancheño MJ, Arrechea-Marcos I, Juárez R, López-Espejo G, López Navarrete JT, Ramos MM, Seoane C, Ortiz RP, Segura JL. Synthesis of Perylene Imide Diones as Platforms for the Development of Pyrazine Based Organic Semiconductors. J Org Chem 2016; 81:11256-11267. [PMID: 27791365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There is a great interest in peryleneimide (PI)-containing compounds given their unique combination of good electron accepting ability, high abosorption in the visible region, and outstanding chemical, thermal, and photochemical stabilities. Thus, herein we report the synthesis of perylene imide derivatives endowed with a 1,2-diketone functionality (PIDs) as efficient intermediates to easily access peryleneimide (PI)-containing organic semiconductors with enhanced absorption cross-section for the design of tunable semiconductor organic materials. Three processable organic molecular semiconductors containing thiophene and terthiophene moieties, PITa, PITb, and PITT, have been prepared from the novel PIDs. The tendency of these semiconductors for molecular aggregation have been investigated by NMR spectroscopy and supported by quantum chemical calculations. 2D NMR experiments and theoretical calculations point to an antiparallel π-stacking interaction as the most stable conformation in the aggregates. Investigation of the optical and electrochemical properties of the materials is also reported and analyzed in combination with DFT calculations. Although the derivatives presented here show modest electron mobilities of ∼10-4 cm2V-1s-1, these preliminary studies of their performance in organic field effect transistors (OFETs) indicate the potential of these new building blocks as n-type semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula de Echegaray
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Mancheño
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Iratxe Arrechea-Marcos
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga , 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Rafael Juárez
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos , Madrid 28933, Spain
| | - Guzmán López-Espejo
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga , 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | | | - María Mar Ramos
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos , Madrid 28933, Spain
| | - Carlos Seoane
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Ponce Ortiz
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga , 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - José L Segura
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , 28040 Madrid, Spain
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7
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Makukhin N, Tretyachenko V, Moskovitz J, Míšek J. A Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Imaging of the Activity of Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase A in Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Makukhin
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Hlavova 2030/8 12843 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Vyacheslav Tretyachenko
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Hlavova 2030/8 12843 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Jackob Moskovitz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; School of Pharmacy; University of Kansas; Lawrence KS 66045 USA
| | - Jiří Míšek
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Hlavova 2030/8 12843 Prague 2 Czech Republic
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8
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Makukhin N, Tretyachenko V, Moskovitz J, Míšek J. A Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Imaging of the Activity of Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase A in Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:12727-30. [PMID: 27625316 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) is an enzyme involved in redox balance and signaling, and its aberrant activity is implicated in a number of diseases (for example, Alzheimer's disease and cancer). Since there is no simple small molecule tool to monitor MsrA activity in real time in vivo, we aimed at developing one. We have designed a BODIPY-based probe called (S)-Sulfox-1, which is equipped with a reactive sulfoxide moiety. Upon reduction with a model MsrA (E. coli), it exhibits a bathochromic shift in the fluorescence maximum. This feature was utilized for the real-time ratiometric fluorescent imaging of MsrA activity in E. coli cells. Significantly, our probe is capable of capturing natural variations of the enzyme activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Makukhin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Vyacheslav Tretyachenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jackob Moskovitz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
| | - Jiří Míšek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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9
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Langbein S, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Arylmercapto Substituted Tetraazaperopyrene Derivatives and Their Oxidation to Tetrasulfones: Photophysics and Electrochemistry. J Org Chem 2015; 80:12620-6. [PMID: 26517428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fourfold arylmercapto substituted tetraazaperopyrene (TAPP) derivatives were obtained by direct nucleophilic substitution of the tetrabrominated TAPP or via Cu-catalyzed S-C coupling. These new materials display a characteristic bathochromic shift of their visible absorption and emission bands by ca. 200 nm compared to the unsubstituted parent compound. Two of the sulfide derivatives were oxidized with periodate to give their corresponding sulfones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Langbein
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz H Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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10
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Ren W, Mura S, Irudayaraj JMK. Modified graphene oxide sensors for ultra-sensitive detection of nitrate ions in water. Talanta 2015; 143:234-239. [PMID: 26078154 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nitrate ions is a very common contaminant in drinking water and has a significant impact on the environment, necessitating routine monitoring. Due to its chemical and physical properties, it is hard to directly detect nitrate ions with high sensitivity in a simple and inexpensive manner. Herein with amino group modified graphene oxide (GO) as a sensing element, we show a direct and ultra-sensitive method to detect nitrate ions, at a lowest detected concentration of 5 nM in river water samples, much lower than the reported methods based on absorption spectroscopy. Furthermore, unlike the reported strategies based on absorption spectroscopy wherein the nitrate concentration is determined by monitoring an increase in aggregation of gold nanoparticles (GNPs), our method evaluates the concentration of nitrate ions based on reduction in aggregation of GNPs for monitoring in real samples. To improve sensitivity, several optimizations were performed, including the assessment of the amount of modified GO required, concentration of GNPs and incubation time. The detection methodology was characterized by zeta potential, TEM and SEM. Our results indicate that an enrichment of modified GO with nitrate ions contributed to excellent sensitivity and the entire detection procedure could be completed within 75 min with only 20 μl of sample. This simple and rapid methodology was applied to monitor nitrate ions in real samples with excellent sensitivity and minimum pretreatment. The proposed approach paves the way for a novel means to detect anions in real samples and highlights the potential of GO based detection strategy for water quality monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ren
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Stefania Mura
- University of Sassari, Porto Conte Ricerche, Loc. Tramariglio, 07041 Alghero, Italy
| | - Joseph M K Irudayaraj
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
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11
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Soria-Castro SM, Peñéñory AB. Efficient Cu-catalyzed base-free C-S coupling under conventional and microwave heating. A simple access to S-heterocycles and sulfides. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:467-75. [PMID: 23503063 PMCID: PMC3596051 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
S-aryl thioacetates can be prepared by reaction of inexpensive potassium thioacetate with both electron-rich and electron-poor aryl iodides under a base-free copper/ligand catalytic system. CuI as copper source affords S-aryl thioacetates in good to excellent yields, by using 1,10-phenanthroline as a ligand in toluene at 100 °C after 24 h. Under microwave irradiation the time was drastically reduced to 2 h. Both procedures are simple and involve a low-cost catalytic system. This methodology was also applied to the “one-pot” synthesis of target heterocycles, such as 3H-benzo[c][1,2]dithiol-3-one and 2-methylbenzothiazole, alkyl aryl sulfides, diaryl disulfides and asymmetric diaryl sulfides in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia M Soria-Castro
- INFIQC, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA. Córdoba, Argentina
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12
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Santos-Figueroa LE, Moragues ME, Climent E, Agostini A, Martínez-Máñez R, Sancenón F. Chromogenic and fluorogenic chemosensors and reagents for anions. A comprehensive review of the years 2010-2011. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:3489-613. [PMID: 23400370 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs35429f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on examples reported in the years 2010-2011 dealing with the design of chromogenic and fluorogenic chemosensors or reagents for anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis E Santos-Figueroa
- Centro Interuniversitario de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia - Universitat de València, Spain
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13
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Xu M, Han JM, Zhang Y, Yang X, Zang L. A selective fluorescence turn-on sensor for trace vapor detection of hydrogen peroxide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:11779-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc47631f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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14
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Amirav A, Gordin A, Hagooly Y, Rozen S, Belgorodsky B, Seemann B, Marom H, Gozin M, Fialkov AB. Measurement and optimization of organic chemical reaction yields by GC–MS with supersonic molecular beams. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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