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α-Functionally Substituted α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes as Fine Chemicals Reagents: Synthesis and Application. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144297. [PMID: 34299572 PMCID: PMC8306155 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Functionalized α,β-unsaturated aldehydes is an important class of compounds, which are widely used in fine organic synthesis, biology, medicine and pharmacology, chemical industry, and agriculture. Some of the 2-substituted 2-alkenals are found to be the key metabolites in plant and animal cells. Therefore, the development of efficient methods for their synthesis attracts the attention of organic chemists. This review focusses on the recent advances in the synthesis of 2-functionally substituted 2-alkenals. The approaches to the preparation of α-alkyl α,β-unsaturated aldehydes are not included in this review.
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Ahmad SAZ, Jena TK, Khan FA. Alkyl Enol Ethers: Development in Intermolecular Organic Transformation. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:1685-1702. [PMID: 33979009 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Alkyl enol ethers (AEE) are versatile synthetic intermediates with a unique reactivity pattern. This review article summarizes the synthesis of AEE as well as its reactivity and how enol ether undergoes intermolecular reactions for various bond formation, leading to the construction of several useful organic molecules. The synthetic applications of alkyl enol ethers towards intermolecular bond-forming reactions include metal-catalyzed reactions, cycloaddition and heterocycle formation as well as rwactions in the field of natural products synthesis. The achievement of these impressive transformations prove the countless synthetic potential of AEE. The main objective of this review is to bring attentiveness among synthetic chemists to show how AEE extensively can be used to react with both electrophiles as well as nucleophiles, thereby behaving as an ambiphilic reactant. We trust that the unique reactivity pattern of alkyl enol ethers and the fundamental mechanistic idea can attract chemists in AEE chemistry. Exclusively, intermolecular reactions of AEE with other functionalized moieties have not been reviewed to the best of our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarwat Asma Ziya Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Tapan Kumar Jena
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Faiz Ahmed Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India
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3
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Zhu Q, Luo Y, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Tao Y. Saegusa Oxidation of Enol Ethers at Extremely Low Pd-Catalyst Loadings under Ligand-free and Aqueous Conditions: Insight into the Pd(II)/Cu(II)-Catalyst System. J Org Chem 2021; 86:5463-5476. [PMID: 33765382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient and practical Pd(II)/Cu(OAc)2-catalyst system of Saegusa oxidation, which converts enol ethers to the corresponding enals with a number of diverse substrates at extremely low catalyst loadings (500 mol ppm) under ligand-free and aqueous conditions, is described. Its synthetic utility was demonstrated by large-scale applications of the catalyst system to important nature molecules. This work allows Saegusa oxidation to become a highly practical approach to preparing enals and also suggests new insight into the Pd(II)/Cu(II)-catalyst system for dehydrogenation of carbonyl compounds and decreasing Pd-catalyst loadings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhu
- Kunming Biohome Technology Co. Limited, Kunming 650501, PR China
| | - Yunsong Luo
- Kunming Biohome Technology Co. Limited, Kunming 650501, PR China
| | - Yongyan Guo
- Kunming Biohome Technology Co. Limited, Kunming 650501, PR China
| | - Yushun Zhang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Yunhai Tao
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.,Kunming Biohome Technology Co. Limited, Kunming 650501, PR China
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Anderson TE, Andia AA, Woerpel KA. Chemiluminescence-promoted oxidation of alkyl enol ethers by NHPI under mild conditions and in the dark. Tetrahedron 2021; 82:131874. [PMID: 33994596 PMCID: PMC8117068 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The hydroperoxidation of alkyl enol ethers using N-hydroxyphthalimide and molecular oxygen occurred in the absence of catalyst, initiator, or light. The reaction proceeds through a radical mechanism that is initiated by N-hydroxyphthalimide-promoted autoxidation of the enol ether substrate. The resulting dioxetane products decompose in a chemiluminescent reaction that allows for photochemical activation of N-hydroxyphthalimide in the absence of other light sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. E. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, United States
| | - Alexander A. Andia
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, United States
| | - K. A. Woerpel
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, United States
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Kaur N, Ahlawat N, Verma Y, Grewal P, Bhardwaj P, Jangid NK. Metal and organo-complex promoted synthesis of fused five-memberedO-heterocycles. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1700522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navjeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Neha Ahlawat
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Yamini Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Pooja Grewal
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Pranshu Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
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6
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Quirós MT, Gómez-Bengoa E, Muñoz MP. Unravelling mechanistic insights in the platinum-catalysed dihydroalkoxylation of allenes. PURE APPL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2019-0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The mechanism of the platinum-catalysed dihydroalkoxylation of allenes to give acetals has been studied experimentally and by computational methods. Our findings further explain divergent reactivity encountered for platinum- and gold-vinyl intermediates after the first nucleophilic attack onto the coordinated allene, as well as provide new details on the catalytic cycle with platinum, uncovering enol ethers as resting states of the catalytic cycle, a SEOx process via Pt(IV)–H as the final protodemetallation step after the second nucleophilic attack when neutral platinum complexes are used, and a fast acid promoted addition of methanol to enol ethers when cationic platinum complexes are employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Teresa Quirós
- School of Chemistry , University of East Anglia , Earlham Road , Norwich , NR4 7TJ , UK
| | - Enrique Gómez-Bengoa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica , Universidad del País Vasco , Apt. 1072 , 20080 San Sebastián , Spain
| | - María Paz Muñoz
- School of Chemistry , University of East Anglia , Earlham Road , Norwich , NR4 7TJ , UK
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Ani Deepthi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695581, India
| | - Beneesh P. Babu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, India
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8
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Li J, Qian B, Huang H. Silver-Catalyzed Olefination of Acetals and Ketals with Diazoesters to β-Alkoxyacrylates. Org Lett 2018; 20:7090-7094. [PMID: 30362774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The first silver-catalyzed reaction of acetals or ketals with diazoesters leading to trisubstituted or tetrasubstituted β-alkoxyacrylates is now reported. A broad range of acetals and ketals bearing different substituents is compatible with this protocol and thus provides an attractive approach for the synthesis of complex β-alkoxyacrylates. The power of this method was further demonstrated by the successful synthesis of picoxystrobin, which is one of the most popular agricultural fungicides commercialized by Dupont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Bo Qian
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000 , P. R. China
| | - Hanmin Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000 , P. R. China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , University of Science and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230026 , P. R. China
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9
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Croisetière JP, Spino C. O-Heterocycles from Unsaturated Carbonyls and Dimethoxycarbene. J Org Chem 2018; 83:5609-5618. [PMID: 29682963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The (4+1)-annulation of dimethoxycarbene with readily accessible α,β-unsaturated carbonyls gives cyclic orthoesters, which can then be converted in just a few steps to other O-heterocycles, including methoxyfurans, furanones, and furans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Croisetière
- Département de Chimie , Université de Sherbrooke , 2500 Boulevard Université , Sherbrooke , Quebec J1K 2R1 , Canada
| | - Claude Spino
- Département de Chimie , Université de Sherbrooke , 2500 Boulevard Université , Sherbrooke , Quebec J1K 2R1 , Canada
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Verma F, Singh PK, Bhardiya SR, Singh M, Rai A, Rai VK. A co-operative effect of visible light photo-catalysis and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles for green synthesis of furans in water. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj04091h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach to poly-functionalized furan synthesis is disclosed via oxidative decarboxylative [3+2] cycloaddition using co-operative catalysis by visible light and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fooleswar Verma
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Physical Sciences
- Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya
- Bilaspur-495 009
- India
| | - Puneet K. Singh
- School of Physical Sciences
- Jawaharlal Nehru University
- New Delhi
- India
| | - Smita R. Bhardiya
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Physical Sciences
- Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya
- Bilaspur-495 009
- India
| | - Manorama Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Physical Sciences
- Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya
- Bilaspur-495 009
- India
| | - Ankita Rai
- School of Physical Sciences
- Jawaharlal Nehru University
- New Delhi
- India
| | - Vijai K. Rai
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Physical Sciences
- Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya
- Bilaspur-495 009
- India
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Balti M, Efrit ML, Leadbeater NE. Preparation of vinyl ethers using a Wittig approach, and their subsequent hydrogenation employing continuous-flow processing. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Bhaumik P, Dhepe PL. Solid acid catalyzed synthesis of furans from carbohydrates. CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940.2015.1099894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Undeela S, Ramchandra JP, Menon RS. A sequential synthesis of substituted furans from aryl alkynes and ketones involving a cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate (CAN)-mediated oxidative cyclization. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Suh CW, Woo SB, Kim DY. Asymmetric Synthesis of Tetrahydroquinolines via Saegusa-type Oxidative Enamine Catalysis/1,5-Hydride Transfer/Cyclization Sequences. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201400022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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15
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Zhang J, Wang L, Liu Q, Yang Z, Huang Y. Synthesis of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds via a visible-light-promoted organocatalytic aerobic oxidation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:11662-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc46778c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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