1
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Yu C, Xu Y, Zhang X, Fan X. Selective Synthesis of Pyrazolonyl Spirodihydroquinolines or Pyrazolonyl Spiroindolines under Aerobic or Anaerobic Conditions. Org Lett 2022; 24:9473-9478. [PMID: 36524816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Presented herein is a condition-controlled selective synthesis of pyrazolonyl spirodihydroquinolines or pyrazolonyl spiroindolines through formal [5 + 1] or [4 + 1] spiroannulation of 2-alkenylanilines with diazopyrazolones. Mechanistically, the formation of the title products involves initial generation of a pyrazolonyl spiro-fused seven-membered ruthenacycle species serving as a key intermediate through Ru(II)-catalyzed C-H/N-H bonds metalation, carbene formation, and its migratory insertion. When the reaction is carried out under air, the key intermediate undergoes reductive elimination to afford spirodihydroquinoline. When the reaction is run under argon, the key intermediate undergoes protonation and intramolecular nucleophilic addition to furnish spiroindoline. This work provides an atom-economical protocol for the effective functionalization of alkenyl C(sp2)-H bond, allowing rapid and selective assembly of valuable spiroscaffolds with a broad range of substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Yu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yuanshuang Xu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xuesen Fan
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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2
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Wiley RE, McLaughlin MF, Johnson JS. Dearomatization of Cyclic Diphenylhydrazines: Harnessing the o-Semidine Rearrangement for the Synthesis of Spirocyclic Tetrahydroquinolines. Org Lett 2022; 24:8014-8018. [PMID: 36269213 PMCID: PMC9678246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of novel tetrahydroquinoline-containing spirocycles has been achieved through an acid-promoted dearomatization of cyclic diarylhydrazines. The reaction, proceeding through a dearomative o-semidine rearrangement, furnishes a stable, yet reactive spirocyclohexadieniminium ion, which can further be used as an electrophile or a diene in a one-pot sequence. These transformations efficiently produce novel diazaspirocycles and allow for further synthetic elaboration of the cyclohexadienamine products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Wiley
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 25799-3290, United States
| | - Michael F McLaughlin
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 25799-3290, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Johnson
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 25799-3290, United States
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3
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Zhang Z, Cao X, Song X, Wang G, Shi B, Li X, Ma N, Liu L, Zhang G. Metal-free nucleophilic 7,8-dearomatization of quinolines: Spiroannulation of aminoquinoline protected amino acids. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Wang D, Xu L, Zheng S, Yang X. Transition‐Metal‐Free Regioselective Direct C2, C4 Difunctionalization and C2, C4, C6 Trifunctionalization of Pyridines. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shixin Zheng
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology CHINA
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5
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Liu H, Quan Y, Xie L, Li X, Xie X. The Cascade [1,5]-Hydride Shift/Intramolecular C(sp3)–H Activation: A Powerful Approach to the Construction of Spiro-Tetrahydroquinoline Skeleton. Front Chem 2022; 10:840934. [PMID: 35494642 PMCID: PMC9045402 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.840934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct functionalization of inert C–H bonds is regarded as one of the most powerful strategies to form various chemical bonds and construct complex structures. Although significant advancements have been witnessed in the area of transition metal-catalyzed functionalization of inert C–H bonds, several challenges, such as the utilization and removal of expensive transition metal complexes, limited substrate scope and large-scale capacity, and poor atom economy in removing guiding groups coordinated to the transition metal, cannot fully fulfill the high standard of modern green chemistry nowadays. Over the past decades, due to its inherent advantage compared with a transition metal-catalyzed strategy, the hydride shift activation that applies “tert-amino effect” into the direct functionalization of the common and omnipresent C(sp3)–H bonds adjacent to tert-amines has attracted much attention from the chemists. In particular, the intramolecular [1,5]-hydride shift activation, as the most common hydride shift mode, enables the rapid and effective production of multifunctionally complex frameworks, especially the spiro-tetrahydroquinoline derivatives, which are widely found in biologically active natural products and pharmaceuticals. Although great accomplishments have been achieved in this promising field, rarely an updated review has systematically summarized these important progresses despite scattered reports documented in several reviews. Hence, in this review, we will summarize the significant advances in the cascade [1,5]-hydride shift/intramolecular C(sp3)-H functionalization from the perspective of “tert-amino effect” to build a spiro-tetrahydroquinoline skeleton, and the content is categorized by structure type of final spiro-tetrahydroquinoline products containing various pharmaceutical units. Besides, current limitations as well as future directions in this field are also pointed out. We hope our review could provide a quick look into and offer some inspiration for the research on hydride shift strategy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Hongmei Liu, ; Xiang Li, ; Xin Xie,
| | - Yunyun Quan
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Long Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Hongmei Liu, ; Xiang Li, ; Xin Xie,
| | - Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Hongmei Liu, ; Xiang Li, ; Xin Xie,
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6
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Zheng S, Wang D, Huang M, Yu P. Rapid Generation of Tetrahydropyridines and Tetrahydroquinolines by Dearomative Cyanation/Grignard Addition. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200077. [PMID: 35322570 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A rapid, practical and scalable method for the reductant and tansition-metal-free synthesis of a variety of novel 2,4-disubstituted tetrahydropyridines and tetrahydroquinolines is disclosed. The method is based upon dearomative functionalization of pyridines or quinolines to generate amino nitrile intermediates as masked iminium ions, which then reacted rapidly with various Grignard reagents in complete stereocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixin Zheng
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin, CHINA
| | - Dong Wang
- Xinjiang University, College of Chemistry, No. 777, Hua Rui Street, Shui Mo Gou District, 830046, Urumqi, CHINA
| | - Mindong Huang
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin, CHINA
| | - Peng Yu
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin, CHINA
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7
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Yang P, Wang Q, Cui BH, Zhang XD, Liu H, Zhang YY, Liu JL, Huang WY, Liang RX, Jia YX. Enantioselective Dearomative [3 + 2] Umpolung Annulation of N-Heteroarenes with Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1087-1093. [PMID: 35007081 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Enantioselective [3 + 2] annulation of N-heteroarenes with alkynes has been developed via a cobalt-catalyzed dearomative umpolung strategy in the presence of chiral ligand and reducing reagent. A variety of electron-deficient N-heteroarenes, including quinolines, isoquinolines, quinoxaline, and pyridines, and internal or terminal alkynes are employed in this reaction, showing a broad substrate scope and good functionality tolerance. Annulation of electron-rich indoles with alkynes is also developed. This protocol provides a straightforward access to a variety of N-spiroheterocyclic molecules in excellent enantioselectivities (76 examples, up to 99% ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Bing-Hui Cui
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hang Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yue-Yuan Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jia-Liang Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Wen-Yu Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Ren-Xiao Liang
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yi-Xia Jia
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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8
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Lou SJ, Luo G, Yamaguchi S, An K, Nishiura M, Hou Z. Modular Access to Spiro-dihydroquinolines via Scandium-Catalyzed Dearomative Annulation of Quinolines with Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20462-20471. [PMID: 34813697 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic enantioselective construction of three-dimensional molecular architectures from planar aromatics such as quinolines is of great interest and importance from the viewpoint of both organic synthesis and drug discovery, but there still exist many challenges. Here, we report the scandium-catalyzed asymmetric dearomative spiro-annulation of quinolines with alkynes. This protocol offers an efficient and selective route for the synthesis of spiro-dihydroquinoline derivatives containing a quaternary carbon stereocenter with an unprotected N-H group from readily accessible quinolines and diverse alkynes, featuring high yields, high enantioselectivity, 100% atom-efficiency, and broad substrate scope. Experimental and density functional theory studies revealed that the reaction proceeded through the C-H activation of the 2-aryl substituent in a quinoline substrate by a scandium alkyl (or amido) species followed by alkyne insertion into the Sc-aryl bond and the subsequent dearomative 1,2-addition of the resulting scandium alkenyl species to the C═N unit in the quinoline moiety. This work opens a new avenue for the dearomatization of quinolines, leading to efficient and selective construction of spiro molecular architectures that were previously difficult to access by other means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Jie Lou
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Gen Luo
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shigeru Yamaguchi
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kun An
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Nishiura
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Zhaomin Hou
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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9
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Wang XW, Li X, Chen MW, Wu B, Zhou YG. Chiral Phosphoric Acid-Catalyzed Pictet-Spengler Reactions for Synthesis of 5',11'-Dihydrospiro[indoline-3,6'-indolo[3,2- c]qui-nolin]-2-ones Containing Quaternary Stereocenters. J Org Chem 2021; 86:6897-6906. [PMID: 33845579 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed Pictet-Spengler reactions of 2-(1H-indolyl)aniline derivatives and isatins by the condensation/cyclization process have been realized. A series of enantioenriched 5',11'-dihydrospiro[indoline-3,6'-indolo[3,2-c]quinolin]-2-ones bearing quaternary stereogenic centers were obtained with excellent yields and up to >99% ee. This protocol was suitable for the Pictet-Spengler reactions of 2-(1-benzyl-5-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)aniline, and a variety of 1',5'-dihydro-spiro[indoline-3,4'-pyrrolo[3,2-c]quinolin]-2-ones could also be obtained in good yields and up to 88% ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Mu-Wang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
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10
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Dong L, Ma X, Fan Y, Wang D. A One‐Pot Dearomative Approach to C4‐Alkylated Tetrahydropyridines and Tetrahydroquinolines. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Linru Dong
- College of Biotechnology Tianjin University of Science and Technology No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Xinyue Ma
- College of Biotechnology Tianjin University of Science and Technology No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Yu Fan
- College of Biotechnology Tianjin University of Science and Technology No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Biotechnology Tianjin University of Science and Technology No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA Tianjin 300457 China
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11
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Gribble MW, Liu RY, Buchwald SL. Evidence for Simultaneous Dearomatization of Two Aromatic Rings under Mild Conditions in Cu(I)-Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Dearomatization of Pyridine. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11252-11269. [PMID: 32453952 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bis(phosphine) copper hydride complexes are uniquely able to catalyze direct dearomatization of unactivated pyridines with carbon nucleophiles, but the mechanistic basis for this result has been unclear. Here we show that, contrary to our initial hypotheses, the catalytic mechanism is monometallic and proceeds via dearomative rearrangement of the phenethylcopper nucleophile to a Cpara-metalated form prior to reaction at heterocycle C4. Our studies support an unexpected heterocycle-promoted pathway for this net 1,5-Cu-migration beginning with a doubly dearomative imidoyl-Cu-ene reaction. Kinetics, substituent effects, computational modeling, and spectroscopic studies support the involvement of this unusual process. In this pathway, the CuL2 fragment subsequently mediates a stepwise Cope rearrangement of the doubly dearomatized intermediate to the give the C4-functionalized 1,4-dihydropyridine, lowering a second barrier that would otherwise prohibit efficient asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Gribble
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Richard Y Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Stephen L Buchwald
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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12
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Wang D, Jiang Y, Dong L, Li G, Sun B, Désaubry L, Yu P. One-Pot Selective Saturation and Functionalization of Heteroaromatics Leading to Dihydropyridines and Dihydroquinolines. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5027-5037. [PMID: 32154711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A one-pot regioselective two C-C-bond-forming dearomatization of pyridines and quinolines is disclosed. Two 3,4-betaines are identified for the first time as very useful organic synthons in heterocyclic chemistry. Furthermore, the chemical reactivity of the prepared trifluoromethyl ketones, a new type of push-pull enones, has been explored to develop straightforward methods for their functionalization. This protocol represents a breakthrough in the dearomatization of heteroaromatics as both the selective saturation and functionalization of heteroaromatics are achieved in high efficiency by the attachment of two substituents, including the valuable trifluoromethyl ketone group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yuanyang Jiang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Linru Dong
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Gaoyu Li
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Baoying Sun
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Laurent Désaubry
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.,Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Cardio-Oncology, FRE2033, CNRS, Institut Le Bel, F-67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Peng Yu
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
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13
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Leitch JA, Rogova T, Duarte F, Dixon DJ. Dearomative Photocatalytic Construction of Bridged 1,3‐Diazepanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4121-4130. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Leitch
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Tatiana Rogova
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Darren J. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
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14
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Leitch JA, Rogova T, Duarte F, Dixon DJ. Dearomative Photocatalytic Construction of Bridged 1,3‐Diazepanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Leitch
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Tatiana Rogova
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Darren J. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
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15
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Xia ZL, Xu-Xu QF, Zheng C, You SL. Chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed asymmetric dearomatization reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:286-300. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00436f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We summarize in this review the recent development of chiral phosphoric acid (CPA)-catalyzed asymmetric dearomatization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Lei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Qing-Feng Xu-Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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16
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Muthukrishnan I, Sridharan V, Menéndez JC. Progress in the Chemistry of Tetrahydroquinolines. Chem Rev 2019; 119:5057-5191. [PMID: 30963764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tetrahydroquinoline is one of the most important simple nitrogen heterocycles, being widespread in nature and present in a broad variety of pharmacologically active compounds. This Review summarizes the progress achieved in the chemistry of tetrahydroquinolines, with emphasis on their synthesis, during the period from mid-2010 to early 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isravel Muthukrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology , SASTRA Deemed University , Thanjavur 613401 , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - Vellaisamy Sridharan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology , SASTRA Deemed University , Thanjavur 613401 , Tamil Nadu , India.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences , Central University of Jammu , Rahya-Suchani (Bagla) , District-Samba, Jammu 181143 , Jammu and Kashmir , India
| | - J Carlos Menéndez
- Unidad de Química Orgańica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia , Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid , Spain
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17
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I2/TBHP/cyclohexanone a novel catalyst system for the oxidative dearomatization of indoles to indolin-3-ones at room temperature under solvent-free condition. CATAL COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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18
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Carter N, Li X, Reavey L, Meijer AJHM, Coldham I. Synthesis and kinetic resolution of substituted tetrahydroquinolines by lithiation then electrophilic quench. Chem Sci 2018; 9:1352-1357. [PMID: 29675183 PMCID: PMC5887238 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04435f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of N-Boc-2-aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines with n-butyllithium in THF at -78 °C resulted in efficient lithiation at the 2-position and the organolithiums were trapped with a variety of electrophiles to give substituted products. Variable temperature NMR spectroscopy gave kinetic data that showed that the rate of tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc) rotation was fast (ΔG‡ ≈ 45 kJ mol-1 at -78 °C) and in situ ReactIR spectroscopy showed fast lithiation at -78 °C. By carrying out the lithiation in the presence of the chiral ligand sparteine, kinetic resolutions with very high levels of enantioselectivity were achieved. The resulting enantioenriched N-Boc-2-aryltetrahydroquinolines were converted to 2,2-disubstituted products without significant loss in enantiopurity. Most electrophiles add at the 2-position and the chemistry provides a way to access tetrahydroquinolines that are fully substituted alpha to the nitrogen atom. Notably, either enantiomer of the 2,2-disubstituted tetrahydroquinolines can be obtained with high selectivity from the same enantiomer of the chiral ligand. Unusually, when methyl cyanoformate was used as the electrophile, substitution occurred in the ortho position of the aryl ring attached at C-2. This change in regioselectivity on changing the electrophile was probed by deuterium isotope studies and by DFT calculations which suggested that the binding of the cyanoformate altered the structure of the intermediate organolithium. Secondary amine products can be prepared by removing the Boc group with acid or by inducing the Boc group to rearrange to the 2-position in the presence of triethylborane and this carbonyl N-to-C rearrangement occurs with retention of configuration from the intermediate enantiomerically enriched organolithium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Carter
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Brook Hill , Sheffield , S3 7HF , UK .
| | - Xiabing Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Brook Hill , Sheffield , S3 7HF , UK .
| | - Lewis Reavey
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Brook Hill , Sheffield , S3 7HF , UK .
| | - Anthony J H M Meijer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Brook Hill , Sheffield , S3 7HF , UK .
| | - Iain Coldham
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Brook Hill , Sheffield , S3 7HF , UK .
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19
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Li LZ, Wang CS, Guo WF, Mei GJ, Shi F. Catalytic Asymmetric [4+2] Cycloaddition of in Situ Generated o-Quinone Methide Imines with o-Hydroxystyrenes: Diastereo- and Enantioselective Construction of Tetrahydroquinoline Frameworks. J Org Chem 2018; 83:614-623. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Zhi Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Cong-Shuai Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Wei-Feng Guo
- School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Guang-Jian Mei
- School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
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20
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Arai T. Chiral Bis(imidazolidine)-containing NCN Pincer Metal Complexes for Cooperative Asymmetric Catalysis. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2018. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.76.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Arai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University
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21
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Simón L. Enantioselectivity in CPA-catalyzed Friedel–Crafts reaction of indole and N-tosylimines: a challenge for guiding models. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:2225-2238. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02875j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Reaction models derived from theoretical investigations for predicting the enantioselectivity of organocatalytic reactions are very useful, but difficult to formulate for the Friedel–Crafts reaction of indole and N-tosylimines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Simón
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad de Salamanca
- Salamanca E37004
- Spain
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22
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Parmar D, Sugiono E, Raja S, Rueping M. Addition and Correction to Complete Field Guide to Asymmetric BINOL-Phosphate Derived Brønsted Acid and Metal Catalysis: History and Classification by Mode of Activation; Brønsted Acidity, Hydrogen Bonding, Ion Pairing, and Metal Phosphates. Chem Rev 2017; 117:10608-10620. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Chen L, Teng W, Geng XL, Zhu YF, Guan YH, Fan X. Facile synthesis of indene and fluorene derivatives through AlCl3
-catalyzed cyclization of in situ formed iminium ions. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Lanzhou Jiaotong University; Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Wei Teng
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Lanzhou Jiaotong University; Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Xin-Le Geng
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Lanzhou Jiaotong University; Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhu
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Lanzhou Jiaotong University; Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Yong-Hong Guan
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Lanzhou Jiaotong University; Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Xiaohui Fan
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Lanzhou Jiaotong University; Lanzhou 730070 China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
- YMU-HKBU Joint Laboratory of Traditional Natural Medicine; Yunnan Minzu University; Kunming 650500 China
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24
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Faísca Phillips AM, Pombeiro AJL. Recent advances in organocatalytic enantioselective transfer hydrogenation. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:2307-2340. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00113d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Robust, environmentally friendly reductants enable highly enantioselective reactions in the presence of chiral catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Faísca Phillips
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Complexo I
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
| | - Armando J. L. Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Complexo I
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
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25
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Arai T, Kakino J. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of 3-Indolyl Methanamines Using Unprotected Indoles and N-Boc Imines under Basic Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Arai
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi, Inage Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Junki Kakino
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi, Inage Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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26
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Arai T, Kakino J. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of 3-Indolyl Methanamines Using Unprotected Indoles and N-Boc Imines under Basic Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:15263-15267. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Arai
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi, Inage Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Junki Kakino
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi, Inage Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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27
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Liu K, Liu LL, Gu CZ, Dai B, He L. Aryne-induced dearomatized phosphonylation of electron-deficient azaarenes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02128j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aryne-induced dearomatic phosphonylation of electron-deficient azaarenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- P. R. China
| | - Li-Li Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Gu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- P. R. China
| | - Bin Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- P. R. China
| | - Lin He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- P. R. China
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28
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Wang Y, Sun M, Yin L, Shi F. Catalytic Enantioselective Arylative Dearomatization of 3-Methyl-2-vinylindoles Enabled by Reactivity Switch. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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29
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Subba Reddy BV, Rajashekhar Reddy M, Yarlagadda S, Ravikumar Reddy C, Ravi Kumar G, Yadav JS, Sridhar B. Cooperative Multicatalytic System for the One-Pot Synthesis of Octahydrospiro-β-carbolines. J Org Chem 2015; 80:8807-14. [PMID: 26252740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A domino cyclization of 3-((3-(2-aminophenyl)prop-2-ynylamino)methyl)but-3-en-1-ol with aldehydes has been accomplished employing 5 mol % of the Ph3PAuCl/AgSbF6/In(OTf)3 system to afford the corresponding octahydrospiro[pyran-4,4'-pyrido[3,4-b]indole] derivatives in good yields with high selectivity. This is the first report on the synthesis of spiro-β-carbolines through a multicatalytic cascade process.
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Affiliation(s)
- B V Subba Reddy
- Natural Product Chemistry, ‡Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad - 500 007, India
| | - M Rajashekhar Reddy
- Natural Product Chemistry, ‡Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad - 500 007, India
| | - Suresh Yarlagadda
- Natural Product Chemistry, ‡Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad - 500 007, India
| | - C Ravikumar Reddy
- Natural Product Chemistry, ‡Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad - 500 007, India
| | - G Ravi Kumar
- Natural Product Chemistry, ‡Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad - 500 007, India
| | - J S Yadav
- Natural Product Chemistry, ‡Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad - 500 007, India
| | - B Sridhar
- Natural Product Chemistry, ‡Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad - 500 007, India
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30
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Li G, Liu H, Lv G, Wang Y, Fu Q, Tang Z. Enantioselective Organocatalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of 1,2-Dihydroquinoline through Formation of Aza-o-xylylene. Org Lett 2015; 17:4125-7. [PMID: 26301545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new way of forming the aza-o-xylylene with easily accessible 1,2-dihydroquinolines as precursor has been developed. The presence of an electron-donating group at the proper position of 1,2-dihydroquinoline was crucial for protonation of the alkene through dearomatization with a simple Brønsted acid. The in situ forming reactive intermediate was trapped with Hantzsch ester to afford tetrahydroquinolines in excellent yield and enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxun Li
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology Chinese Academy of Science Chendu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hongxin Liu
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology Chinese Academy of Science Chendu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Gang Lv
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology Chinese Academy of Science Chendu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yingwei Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , Chendu Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Qingquan Fu
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology Chinese Academy of Science Chendu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhuo Tang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology Chinese Academy of Science Chendu, Sichuan 610041, China
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31
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Desai AA, Guan Y, Odom AL, Majumder S, Wulff WD. Self-Assembly of a Library of Polyborate Chiral Anions for Asymmetric Catalytic Quinoline Reduction. Tetrahedron Lett 2015; 56:3481-3485. [PMID: 26034335 PMCID: PMC4448761 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The 'template' polyborate BOROX catalysts are shown to mediate the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of 2-quinolines. The rapid and simple generation of a large family of BOROX catalysts with significantly altered asymmetric pockets is described. A transition state model that explains the enantioselectivity is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman A. Desai
- Department of Chemistry. Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Yong Guan
- Department of Chemistry. Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Aaron L. Odom
- Department of Chemistry. Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Supriyo Majumder
- Department of Chemistry. Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - William D. Wulff
- Department of Chemistry. Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902
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32
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Zhu C, Saito K, Yamanaka M, Akiyama T. Benzothiazoline: versatile hydrogen donor for organocatalytic transfer hydrogenation. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:388-98. [PMID: 25611073 DOI: 10.1021/ar500414x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CONSPECTUS: The asymmetric reduction of ketimines is an important method for the preparation of amines in optically pure form. Inspired by the biological system using NAD(P)H, Hantzsch ester has been extensively employed as a hydrogen donor in combination with chiral phosphoric acid for the transfer hydrogenation of ketimines to furnish amines with high to excellent enantioselectivities. We focused on 2-substituted benzothiazoline as a hydrogen donor in the phosphoric acid catalyzed transfer hydrogenation reaction of ketimines for the following reasons: (1) benzothiazoline is readily prepared just by mixing 2-aminobenzenethiol and aldehyde, (2) both reactivity (hydrogen donating ability) and enantioselectivity would be controlled by tuning the 2-substituent of benzothiazoline, and (3) benzothiazoline can be stored in a refrigerator under inert atmosphere without conceivable decomposition. Both the 2-position of benzothiazoline and the 3,3'-position of phosphoric acid are tunable in order to achieve excellent enantioselectivity. Benzothiazoline proved to be useful hydrogen donor in combination with chiral phosphoric acid for the transfer hydrogenation reaction of ketimine derivatives to afford the corresponding amines with high to excellent enantioselectivities by tuning the 2-substituent of benzothiazoline. Ketimines derived from acetophenone, propiophenone, α-keto ester, trifluoromethyl ketone, and difluoromethyl ketone derivatives proved to be suitable substrates. Benzothiazoline could be generated in situ starting from 2-aminobenzenethiol and aromatic aldehyde in the presence of ketimine and chiral phosphoric acid and successfully worked in the sequential transfer hydrogenation reaction. The reductive amination of dialkyl ketones also proceeded with high enantioselectivities. Use of 2-deuterated benzothiazoline led to the formation of α-deuterated amines with excellent enantioselectivities. The kinetic isotope effect (kH/kC = 3.8) was observed in the competitive reaction between H- and D-benzothiazoline, which explicitly implies that the cleavage of the C-H (C-D) bond is the rate-determining step in the transfer hydrogenation reaction. Benzothiazoline yielded products with higher enantioselectivity in the transfer hydrogenation reaction of ketimines, particularly ketimines derived from propiophenone derivatives, than Hantzsch ester. DFT study elucidated the mechanism, as well as the difference in selectivity, between benzothiazoline and Hantzsch ester. The chiral phosphoric acid activates ketimines and benzothiazoline by means of the Brønsted acidic site (proton) and the Brønsted basic site (phosphoryl oxygen), respectively, to accelerate the hydride transfer reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of
Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials
Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1 Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan
| | - Kodai Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1 Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamanaka
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Smart
Molecules, Faculty of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Takahiko Akiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1 Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan
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33
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Martinand-Lurin E, Gruber R, Retailleau P, Fleurat-Lessard P, Dauban P. Studies on the formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition of aziridines with alkenes for the synthesis of 1-azaspiroalkanes. J Org Chem 2015; 80:1414-26. [PMID: 25521526 DOI: 10.1021/jo502333j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The Lewis acid-mediated [3 + 2] cycloaddition of N-sulfonyl- and N-sulfamoylaziridines with alkenes provides a rapid and efficient access to 1-azaspiro[4.n]alkanes. Experimental studies have been combined with DFT calculations to explore the mechanism of the reaction. They demonstrate that the nature of the electron-withdrawing nitrogen protecting group has a very limited influence on the course of the reaction and, particularly, on the initial formation of the 1,3-zwitterionic species through C-N bond cleavage, which has been found to be the rate-determining step. Compared to N-sulfonylaziridines, N-sulfamoylaziridines have proved to be more synthetically useful synthons that afford crystalline polycyclic structures in good yields. A short sequence of catalytic C(sp(3))-H amination-cyclization-[3 + 2] cycloaddition has then been successfully designed to afford the homologue 1-azaspiro[5.n]alkanes, thereby illustrating the higher versatility of sulfamates in these cycloadditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Martinand-Lurin
- Centre de Recherche de Gif-sur-Yvette, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301 CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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34
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Fu N, Zhang L, Luo S. Chiral Primary Amine Catalyzed Asymmetric Michael Addition of Malononitrile to α-Substituted Vinyl Ketone. Org Lett 2014; 17:382-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol503566a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niankai Fu
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory
of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory
of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Sanzhong Luo
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory
of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China
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35
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Parmar D, Sugiono E, Raja S, Rueping M. Complete field guide to asymmetric BINOL-phosphate derived Brønsted acid and metal catalysis: history and classification by mode of activation; Brønsted acidity, hydrogen bonding, ion pairing, and metal phosphates. Chem Rev 2014; 114:9047-153. [PMID: 25203602 DOI: 10.1021/cr5001496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1508] [Impact Index Per Article: 150.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dixit Parmar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University , Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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36
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Yokosaka T, Nemoto T, Nakayama H, Shiga N, Hamada Y. Synthesis of nitrogen-containing fused-polycyclic compounds from tyramine derivatives using phenol dearomatization and cascade cyclization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:12775-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc04809a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Luo J, Wu B, Chen MW, Jiang GF, Zhou YG. The Concise Synthesis of Spiro-Cyclopropane Compounds via the Dearomatization of Indole Derivatives. Org Lett 2014; 16:2578-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500948r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Luo
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Bo Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Mu-Wang Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guo-Fang Jiang
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
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38
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Yokosaka T, Shiga N, Nemoto T, Hamada Y. Construction of Divergent Fused Heterocycles via an Acid-Promoted Intramolecular ipso-Friedel–Crafts Alkylation of Phenol Derivatives. J Org Chem 2014; 79:3866-75. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500308y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Yokosaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Naoki Shiga
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Hamada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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39
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Wang SG, You SL. Hydrogenative Dearomatization of Pyridine and an Asymmetric Aza-Friedel-Crafts Alkylation Sequence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:2194-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201309876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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