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Shen Z, Ratia K, Krider I, Ackerman-Berrier M, Penton C, Musku SR, Gordon-Blake JM, Laham MS, Christie N, Ma N, Fu J, Xiong R, Courey JM, Velma GR, Thatcher GRJ. Synthesis, Optimization, and Structure-Activity Relationships of Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) Positive Allosteric Modulators (N-PAMs). J Med Chem 2023; 66:16704-16727. [PMID: 38096366 PMCID: PMC10758216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Depletion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is associated with aging and disease, spurring the study of dietary supplements to replenish NAD+. The catabolism of NAD+ to nicotinamide (NAM) requires the salvage of NAM to replenish cellular NAD+, which relies on the rate-limiting enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT). Pharmacological activation of NAMPT provides an alternative to dietary supplements. Screening for activators of NAMPT identified small molecule NAMPT positive allosteric modulators (N-PAMs). N-PAMs bind to the rear channel of NAMPT increasing enzyme activity and alleviating feedback inhibition by NAM and NAD+. Synthesis of over 70 N-PAMs provided an excellent correlation between rear channel binding affinity and potency for enzyme activation, confirming the mechanism of allosteric activation via binding to the rear channel. The mechanism accounts for higher binding affinity leading to loss of efficacy. Enzyme activation translated directly to elevation of NAD+ measured in cells. Optimization led to an orally bioavailable N-PAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengnan Shen
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Kiira Ratia
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Research
Resources Center, University of Illinois
at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Isabella Krider
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Colleges of Science and Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Martha Ackerman-Berrier
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Christopher Penton
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Soumya Reddy Musku
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Jesse M. Gordon-Blake
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Megan S. Laham
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Colleges of Science and Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Nicholas Christie
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Colleges of Science and Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Nina Ma
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Jiqiang Fu
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Rui Xiong
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Jenna M. Courey
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Colleges of Science and Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Ganga Reddy Velma
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Gregory R. J. Thatcher
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Colleges of Science and Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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Yin Y, Chen CJ, Yu RN, Shu L, Wang ZJ, Zhang TT, Zhang DY. Novel 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-6-amino derivatives as potent selective Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) inhibitors. Evaluation of their improved effect for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Bioorg Chem 2020; 98:103720. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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3
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Yin Y, Chen CJ, Yu RN, Shu L, Zhang TT, Zhang DY. Discovery of novel selective Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitors bearing a 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amino scaffold. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:1562-1576. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Bookser BC, Weinhouse MI, Burns AC, Valiere AN, Valdez LJ, Stanczak P, Na J, Rheingold AL, Moore CE, Dyck B. Solvent-Controlled, Site-Selective N-Alkylation Reactions of Azolo-Fused Ring Heterocycles at N1-, N2-, and N3-Positions, Including Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines, Purines, [1,2,3]Triazolo[4,5]pyridines, and Related Deaza-Compounds. J Org Chem 2018; 83:6334-6353. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry, Crystallography Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, Urey Hall 5128, mail code 0358, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry, Crystallography Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, Urey Hall 5128, mail code 0358, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
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Schenone S, Radi M, Musumeci F, Brullo C, Botta M. Biologically Driven Synthesis of Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines As Protein Kinase Inhibitors: An Old Scaffold As a New Tool for Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology Studies. Chem Rev 2014; 114:7189-238. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400270z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Schenone
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Genova Viale Benedetto
XV, 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Radi
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma Viale delle
Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Musumeci
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Genova Viale Benedetto
XV, 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Chiara Brullo
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Genova Viale Benedetto
XV, 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Botta
- Dipartimento
di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena Via Aldo Moro, 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Sbarro
Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology,
College of Science and Technology, Temple University, BioLife Science
Building, Suite 333, 1900 N 12th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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Li B, Yue Z, Xiang H, Lv L, Song S, Miao Z, Yang C. Catalyst-free synthesis of benzofuran-fused pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidines from 2-(2-hydroxyaryl)acetonitrile and 4,6-dichloropyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde through domino condensation reactions. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44828b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Radi M, Bernardo V, Vignaroli G, Brai A, Biava M, Schenone S, Botta M. An alternative synthetic approach for the synthesis of biologically relevant 1,4-disubstituted pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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