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Pérez O, Stanzani A, Huang L, Schipper N, Loftsson T, Bollmark M, Marigo V. New Improved cGMP Analogues to Target Rod Photoreceptor Degeneration. J Med Chem 2024; 67:8396-8405. [PMID: 38688030 PMCID: PMC11129186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a form of retinal degeneration affecting a young population with an unmet medical need. Photoreceptor degeneration has been associated with increased guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP), which reaches toxic levels for photoreceptors. Therefore, inhibitory cGMP analogues attract interest for RP treatments. Here we present the synthesis of dithio-CN03, a phosphorodithioate analogue of cGMP, prepared using the H-phosphonothioate route. Two crystal modifications were identified as a trihydrate and a tetrahydrofuran monosolvates. Dithio-CN03 featured a lower aqueous solubility than its RP-phosphorothioate counterpart CN03, a drug candidate, and this characteristic might be favorable for sustained-release formulations aimed at retinal delivery. Dithio-CN03 was tested in vitro for its neuroprotective effects in photoreceptor models of RP. The comparison of dithio-CN03 to CN03 and its diastereomer SP-CN03, and to their phosphate derivative oxo-CN03 identifies dithio-CN03 as the compound with the highest efficacy in neuroprotection and thus as a promising new candidate for the treatment of RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oswaldo Pérez
- Chemical
Processes and Pharmaceutical Development Research Institutes of Sweden, Forskargatan 20 J, 15136 Södertälje, Sweden
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Iceland, Hofsvallagata
53, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Agnese Stanzani
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Modena and
Reggio Emilia, via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Li Huang
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Modena and
Reggio Emilia, via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Nicolaas Schipper
- Chemical
Processes and Pharmaceutical Development Research Institutes of Sweden, Forskargatan 20 J, 15136 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Thorsteinn Loftsson
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Iceland, Hofsvallagata
53, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Martin Bollmark
- Chemical
Processes and Pharmaceutical Development Research Institutes of Sweden, Forskargatan 20 J, 15136 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Valeria Marigo
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Modena and
Reggio Emilia, via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
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Pérez O, Schipper N, Bollmark M. Preparative Synthesis of an R P-Guanosine-3',5'-Cyclic Phosphorothioate Analogue, a Drug Candidate for the Treatment of Retinal Degenerations. Org Process Res Dev 2021; 25:2453-2460. [PMID: 34840493 PMCID: PMC8609652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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Cyclic guanosine
monophosphorothioate analogue 1a is
currently showing potential as a drug for the treatment of inherited
retinal neurodegenerations. To support ongoing preclinical and clinical
work, we have developed a diastereoselective synthesis via cyclization
and sulfurization of the nucleoside 5′-H-phosphonate
monoester, which affords the desired RP-3′,5′-cyclic phosphorothioate in 9:1 ratio to the
undesired SP-diastereomer. This route
was made viable as a result of the silyl protection sequence used,
which achieved >80% selectivity for 2′,5′-hydroxyls
over 3′,5′-hydroxyls. Finally, the chromatography-free
process allowed for a scale-up, as intermediates and the final product
were isolated by crystallization to give 125 g of 1a (13.8%
total yield) with over 99.9% HPLC purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oswaldo Pérez
- Research Institutes of Sweden-Chemical Processes and Pharmaceutical Development, Forskargatan 18 (visitors)/20J (deliveries), 151 36 Södertälje, Sweden.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Sæmundargata 2, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Nicolaas Schipper
- Research Institutes of Sweden-Chemical Processes and Pharmaceutical Development, Forskargatan 18 (visitors)/20J (deliveries), 151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Martin Bollmark
- Research Institutes of Sweden-Chemical Processes and Pharmaceutical Development, Forskargatan 18 (visitors)/20J (deliveries), 151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
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3
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Granger E, Solomianko K, Young C, Erb J. Exploration of chiral Lewis acid Mg 2+ catalysts in the synthesis of aryl organophosphate triesters from phosphorus oxychloride through a three-step, two-pot substitution sequence. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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4
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Fei X, Zavorka ME, Malik G, Connelly CM, MacDonald RG, Berkowitz DB. General Linker Diversification Approach to Bivalent Ligand Assembly: Generation of an Array of Ligands for the Cation-Independent Mannose 6-Phosphate Receptor. Org Lett 2017; 19:4267-4270. [PMID: 28753028 PMCID: PMC6208139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A generalized strategy is presented for the rapid assembly of a set of bivalent ligands with a variety of linking functionalities from a common monomer. Herein, an array of phosphatase-inert mannose-6-phosphonate-presenting ligands for the cation-independent-mannose 6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR) is constructed. Receptor binding affinity varies with linking functionality-the simple amide and 1,5-triazole(tetrazole) being preferred over the 1,4-triazole. This approach is expected to find application across chemical biology, particularly in glycoscience, wherein multivalency often governs molecular recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Fei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
| | - Megan E. Zavorka
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, United States
| | - Guillaume Malik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
| | - Christopher M. Connelly
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, United States
| | - Richard G. MacDonald
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, United States
| | - David B. Berkowitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
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5
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Lord TM, Casino SL, Hartzell SE, Garcia KJ, Pike RD, Stockland RA. Convenient Access to Arylated Spirocyclic Bisphosphonates. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M. Lord
- Department of Chemistry; Bucknell University; Lewisburg PA 17837
| | | | | | - Kevin J. Garcia
- Department of Chemistry; Bucknell University; Lewisburg PA 17837
| | - Robert D. Pike
- Department of Chemistry; The College of William and Mary; Williamsburg, VA 23185
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Abstract
Focusing on the recent literature (since 2000), this review outlines the main synthetic approaches for the preparation of 5'-mono-, 5'-di-, and 5'-triphosphorylated nucleosides, also known as nucleotides, as well as several derivatives, namely, cyclic nucleotides and dinucleotides, dinucleoside 5',5'-polyphosphates, sugar nucleotides, and nucleolipids. Endogenous nucleotides and their analogues can be obtained enzymatically, which is often restricted to natural substrates, or chemically. In chemical synthesis, protected or unprotected nucleosides can be used as the starting material, depending on the nature of the reagents selected from P(III) or P(V) species. Both solution-phase and solid-support syntheses have been developed and are reported here. Although a considerable amount of research has been conducted in this field, further work is required because chemists are still faced with the challenge of developing a universal methodology that is compatible with a large variety of nucleoside analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Roy
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM , Campus Triolet, cc 1705, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Anaïs Depaix
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM , Campus Triolet, cc 1705, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Christian Périgaud
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM , Campus Triolet, cc 1705, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Suzanne Peyrottes
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM , Campus Triolet, cc 1705, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
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Sontakke VA, Lönnberg H, Ora M. 4-(Acetylthio)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxobutyl and 4-( tert-Butyldisulfanyl)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxobutyl as Protecting Groups for Nucleoside 5′-Phosphoramidates Derived from L-Alanine Methyl Ester. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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8
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Recent advances in H-phosphonate chemistry. Part 1. H-phosphonate esters: synthesis and basic reactions. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2015; 361:137-77. [PMID: 25370520 DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This review covers recent progress in the preparation of H-phosphonate mono- and diesters, basic studies on mechanistic and stereochemical aspects of this class of phosphorus compounds, and their fundamental chemistry in terms of transformation of P-H bonds into P-heteroatom bonds. Selected recent applications of H-phosphonate derivatives in basic organic phosphorus chemistry and in the synthesis of biologically important phosphorus compounds are also discussed.
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Sontakke VA, Shinde VS, Lönnberg H, Ora M. Synthesis and Stability of Nucleoside 3′,5′-Cyclic Phosphate Triesters Masked with Enzymatically and Thermally Labile Phosphate Protecting Groups. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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