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Jaithum K, Tummatorn J, Thongsornkleeb C, Ruchirawat S. Unveiling Route for the Synthesis of Tröger's Bases Through Azide Rearrangement. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400513. [PMID: 38856228 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
This study introduces a novel method for producing Tröger's bases by utilizing the rearrangement chemistry of benzyl azide. This method offers a convenient and adaptable pathway for synthesizing these important molecular structures with potential for further advancements. By reacting benzyl azide derivatives with TfOH under the presence of water, this process generates iminium ion, formaldehyde, and aniline intermediates in situ. Notably, this conversion is reversible under acidic conditions, allowing for the regeneration of the iminium ion and ultimately leading to the formation of the desired Tröger's base product. Additionally, this method could decrease the risk of exposure to an excess amount of formaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Jaithum
- Program on Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Jumreang Tummatorn
- Program on Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Charnsak Thongsornkleeb
- Program on Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Program on Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
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2
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Ivanovich RA, Quartus JAM, Das Neves N, Loiseau F, Raymond M, Beauchemin AM. Aminimide Synthesis Using Concerted Amination Reactions of Alkenes: Scope and Mechanistic Information. J Org Chem 2019; 84:9792-9800. [PMID: 31290665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aminimides are key intermediates in the thermal cycloadditions of suitable alkenyl-hydrazine derivatives. Substrate modifications (β-N,N-dialkyl) allowed the isolation of these reactive intermediates, and the analysis of their stereochemistry provided support for concerted (Cope-type) hydroamination and concerted [3 + 2] aminocarbonylation reaction pathways. This work also establishes the applicability of these approaches to form complex aminimides in moderate to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Ivanovich
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , 10 Marie-Curie , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
| | - Jasper A M Quartus
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , 10 Marie-Curie , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
| | - Nicolas Das Neves
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , 10 Marie-Curie , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
| | - Francis Loiseau
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , 10 Marie-Curie , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
| | - Michaël Raymond
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , 10 Marie-Curie , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
| | - André M Beauchemin
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , 10 Marie-Curie , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
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3
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Kono M, Harada S, Nemoto T. Chemoselective Intramolecular Formal Insertion Reaction of Rh-Nitrenes into an Amide Bond Over C-H Insertion. Chemistry 2019; 25:3119-3124. [PMID: 30561054 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The past few decades have witnessed extensive efforts to disclose the unique reactivity of metal-nitrenes, because they could be a powerful synthetic tool for introducing the amine functionality into unactivated chemical bonds. The reactivity of metal-nitrenes, however, is currently mainly confined to aziridination (an insertion into a C=C bond) and C-H amination (an insertion into a C-H bond). Nitrene insertion into an amide C-N bond, however, has not been reported so far. In this work we have developed a rhodium-catalyzed one-nitrogen insertion into amide C-N and sulfonamide S-N bonds. Experimental and theoretical analyses based on density functional theory indicate that the formal amide insertion proceeds via a rhodium-coordinated ammonium ylide formed between the nitrene and the amide nitrogen, followed by acyl group transfer concomitant with C-N bond cleavage. Mechanistic studies have allowed rationalization of the origin of the chemoselectivity observed between the C-H and amide insertion reactions. The methodology presented herein is the first example of an insertion of nitrene into amide bonds and provides facile access to unique diazacyclic systems with an N-N bond linkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Kono
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan.,Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
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4
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Ito M, Nakagawa T, Higuchi K, Sugiyama S. Dirhodium(ii)-catalyzed ortho C-H amination of sterically congested N,N-dialkylanilines. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:6876-6881. [PMID: 30229789 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01974f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dirhodium(ii)-catalyzed ortho C-H amination of N,N-dialkylanilines has been developed. Sterically congested 1,2-diaminobenzenes were obtained in high yields with excellent chemo- and regioselectivities from para-substituted anilines and even from para-unsubstituted anilines. The ortho selectivity observed was rationalized in terms of the interaction between the dialkylamino group and a Rh(ii)-nitrene intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Ito
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan.
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5
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Bosmani A, Pujari SA, Besnard C, Guénée L, Poblador-Bahamonde AI, Lacour J. Stereoselective and Enantiospecific Mono- and Bis-C−H Azidation of Tröger Bases: Insight on Bridgehead Iminium Intermediates and Application to Anion-Binding Catalysis. Chemistry 2017; 23:8678-8684. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bosmani
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Sandip A. Pujari
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Céline Besnard
- Laboratory of Crystallography; University of Geneva; Quai Ernest Ansermet 24 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Laure Guénée
- Laboratory of Crystallography; University of Geneva; Quai Ernest Ansermet 24 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | | | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
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6
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Ito M, Tanaka A, Higuchi K, Sugiyama S. Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Synthesis ofN-Aryl-N′-tosyldiazenes from Primary Aromatic Amines Using (Tosylimino)aryliodinane: A Potent Stable Surrogate for Diazonium Salts. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Ito
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University; 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose 204-8588 Tokyo Japan
| | - Arisa Tanaka
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University; 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose 204-8588 Tokyo Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Higuchi
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University; 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose 204-8588 Tokyo Japan
| | - Shigeo Sugiyama
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University; 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose 204-8588 Tokyo Japan
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7
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Maestre L, Dorel R, Pablo Ó, Escofet I, Sameera WMC, Álvarez E, Maseras F, Díaz-Requejo MM, Echavarren AM, Pérez PJ. Functional-Group-Tolerant, Silver-Catalyzed N–N Bond Formation by Nitrene Transfer to Amines. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:2216-2223. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Maestre
- Laboratorio
de Catálisis Homogénea, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, CIQSO-Centro
de Investigación en Química Sostenible and Departamento
de Química, Universidad de Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - Ruth Dorel
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia, ICIQ, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Óscar Pablo
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia, ICIQ, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Imma Escofet
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia, ICIQ, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - W. M. C. Sameera
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia, ICIQ, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, North-10
West-8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Eleuterio Álvarez
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Químicas, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja, CSIC, Avenida Américo Vespucio
49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia, ICIQ, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Mar Díaz-Requejo
- Laboratorio
de Catálisis Homogénea, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, CIQSO-Centro
de Investigación en Química Sostenible and Departamento
de Química, Universidad de Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia, ICIQ, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química Orgànica i Analítica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pedro J. Pérez
- Laboratorio
de Catálisis Homogénea, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, CIQSO-Centro
de Investigación en Química Sostenible and Departamento
de Química, Universidad de Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
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8
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Shinde AH, Arepally S, Baravkar MD, Sharada DS. Nickel-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Isocyanide Insertion: Access to Benzimidazoquinazoline Derivatives via a Sequential Double Annulation Cascade (SDAC) Strategy. J Org Chem 2016; 82:331-342. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anand H. Shinde
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Sangareddy 502
285, Telangana, India
| | - Sagar Arepally
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Sangareddy 502
285, Telangana, India
| | - Mayur D. Baravkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Sangareddy 502
285, Telangana, India
| | - Duddu S. Sharada
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Sangareddy 502
285, Telangana, India
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9
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Schneider J, Krebs KM, Freitag S, Eichele K, Schubert H, Wesemann L. Intramolecular Tetrylene Lewis Adducts: Synthesis and Reactivity. Chemistry 2016; 22:9812-26. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Kilian M. Krebs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Sarah Freitag
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Klaus Eichele
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Hartmut Schubert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Lars Wesemann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
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10
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Kohrt S, Santschi N, Cvengroš J. Accessing N-Stereogenicity through a Double Aza-Michael Reaction: Mechanistic Insights. Chemistry 2016; 22:390-403. [PMID: 26767587 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Further development of the chemistry and applications of chiral compounds that possess configurationally stable stereogenic nitrogen atoms is hampered by the lack of efficient strategies to access such compounds in an enantiomerically pure form. Esters of propiolic acid and chiral alcohols were evaluated as cheap and readily available Michael acceptors in a diastereoselective synthesis of N-stereogenic compounds by means of a double aza-Michael conjugate addition. Diastereomeric ratios of up to 74:26 and high yields were achieved with (-)-menthyl propiolate as a substrate. Furthermore, a detailed mechanistic investigation was undertaken to shed some light on the course of this domino transformation. Kinetic studies revealed that the protic-solvent additive acts as a Brønsted acid and activates the ester toward the initial attack of the tetrahydrodiazocine partner. Conversely, acidic conditions proved unfavorable during the final cyclization step that provides the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Kohrt
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich (Switzerland).,Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster (Germany)
| | - Nico Santschi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich (Switzerland).,Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster (Germany)
| | - Ján Cvengroš
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich (Switzerland).
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Pujari SA, Besnard C, Bürgi T, Lacour J. A Mild and Efficient CH2-Extrusion Reaction for the Enantiospecific Synthesis of Highly Configurationally Stable Tröger Bases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:7520-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201500435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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12
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Pujari SA, Besnard C, Bürgi T, Lacour J. A Mild and Efficient CH2-Extrusion Reaction for the Enantiospecific Synthesis of Highly Configurationally Stable Tröger Bases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201500435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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13
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Ondrisek P, Schwenk R, Cvengroš J. Synthesis of enantiomerically pure Tröger's base derivatives via chiral disulfoxides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:9168-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03963g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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