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Kumar M, Goswami A. Synthesis of trifluoroethoxy/aryloxy cinnolines, cinnolinones and indazoles from o-alkynylanilines via metal-free diazotization reagent. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:2608-2619. [PMID: 38450716 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00058g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
A facile and user-friendly protocol for the synthesis of trifluoroethoxy/aryloxy cinnolines, cinnolinones and indazoles from o-alkynylaniline in good-to-excellent yields has been developed using a metal-free diazotization reagent (a combination of BF3·OEt2 and TBN). The methodology has been further extended to construct bis-cinnolinones and for the chemoselective synthesis of N-propargylated cinnolinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, SS Bhatnagar Block, Main Campus, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Avijit Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, SS Bhatnagar Block, Main Campus, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India.
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2
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Dong ZB, Chen JQ. Recent Progress in Utilization of Functionalized Organometallic Reagents in Cross Coupling Reactions and Nucleophilic Additions. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1706550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractOrganometallic compounds have become increasingly important in organic synthesis because of their high chemoselectivity and excellent reactivity. Recently, a variety of organometallic reagents were found to facilitate transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions and nucleophilic addition reactions. Here, we have summarized the latest progress in cross-coupling reactions and in nucleophilic addition reactions with functionalized organometallic reagents present to illustrate their application value. Due to the tremendous contribution made by the Knochel group towards the development of novel organometallic reagents, this review draws extensively from their work in this area in recent years.Introduction1 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Cross Couplings Involving Organozinc Reagents2 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Cross Couplings Involving Organomagnesium Reagents3 Transition-Metal-Free Cross Couplings Involving Zn and Mg Organometallic Reagents4 Nucleophilic Additions Involving Zn and Mg Organometallic Reagents5 Cross-Coupling Reactions or Nucleophilic Additions Involving Mn, Al-, La-, Li-, Sm- and In-Organometallics6 Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bing Dong
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology
| | - Jin-Quan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology
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3
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Clagg K, Hold S, Kumar A, Koenig SG, Angelaud R. A telescoped Knochel-Hauser/Kumada-Corriu coupling strategy to functionalized aromatic heterocycles. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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4
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Khaligh NG, Mihankhah T, Johan MR, Ching JJ. Saccharin: an efficient organocatalyst for the one-pot synthesis of 4-amidocinnolines under metal and halogen-free conditions. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2174-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Göbel D, Clamor N, Nachtsheim BJ. Regioselective ortho-functionalization of bromofluorenecarbaldehydes using TMPMgCl·LiCl. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:4071-4075. [PMID: 29785418 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01072b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A highly regioselective functionalization of 7-bromofluorene-2-carbaldehydes, potent organic chromophores, in position C3 using a mild ortho-metallation strategy (DoM) with TMPMgCl·LiCl has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Göbel
- University of Bremen
- Department of Organic and Analytical Chemistry
- 28359 Bremen
- Germany
| | - Nils Clamor
- University of Bremen
- Department of Organic and Analytical Chemistry
- 28359 Bremen
- Germany
| | - Boris J. Nachtsheim
- University of Bremen
- Department of Organic and Analytical Chemistry
- 28359 Bremen
- Germany
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6
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Bozzini LA, Batista JH, de Mello MB, Vessecchi R, Clososki GC. Selective functionalization of cyano-phenyl-2-oxazolines using TMPMgCl·LiCl. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Balkenhohl M, Greiner R, Makarov IS, Heinz B, Karaghiosoff K, Zipse H, Knochel P. Zn-, Mg-, and Li-TMP Bases for the Successive Regioselective Metalations of the 1,5-Naphthyridine Scaffold (TMP=2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidyl). Chemistry 2017; 23:13046-13050. [PMID: 28777497 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A set of successive regioselective metalations and functionalizations of the 1,5-naphthyridine scaffold are described. A combination of Zn-, Mg-, and Li-TMP (TMP=2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl) bases and the presence or absence of a Lewis acid (BF3 ⋅OEt2 ) allows the introduction of up to three substituents to the 1,5-naphthyridine core. Also, a novel "halogen dance" reaction was discovered upon metalation of an 8-iodo-2,4-trifunctionalized 1,5-naphthyridine allowing a fourth regioselective functionalization. Additionally, reactions leading to key 1,5-naphthyridines for the preparation of OLED materials and a potential antibacterial agent were performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Balkenhohl
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Chemie, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Robert Greiner
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Chemie, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Ilya S Makarov
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Chemie, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Benjamin Heinz
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Chemie, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Chemie, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Hendrik Zipse
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Chemie, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Chemie, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
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Abstract
Azines, which are six-membered aromatic compounds containing one or more nitrogen atoms, serve as ubiquitous structural cores of aromatic species with important applications in biological and materials sciences. Among a variety of synthetic approaches toward azines, C-H functionalization represents the most rapid and atom-economical transformation, and it is advantageous for the late-stage functionalization of azine-containing functional molecules. Since azines have several C-H bonds with different reactivities, the development of new reactions that allow for the functionalization of azines in a regioselective fashion has comprised a central issue. This review describes recent advances in the C-H functionalization of azines categorized as follows: (1) SNAr reactions, (2) radical reactions, (3) deprotonation/functionalization, and (4) metal-catalyzed reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Murakami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science, and ‡JST-ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shuya Yamada
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science, and ‡JST-ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneda
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science, and ‡JST-ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science, and ‡JST-ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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9
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Senadi GC, Gore BS, Hu WP, Wang JJ. BF3-Etherate-Promoted Cascade Reaction of 2-Alkynylanilines with Nitriles: One-Pot Assembly of 4-Amido-Cinnolines. Org Lett 2016; 18:2890-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Chandru Senadi
- Department
of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry and ‡Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chuan First Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Babasaheb Sopan Gore
- Department
of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry and ‡Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chuan First Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ping Hu
- Department
of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry and ‡Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chuan First Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Jeh-Jeng Wang
- Department
of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry and ‡Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chuan First Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
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10
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Klier L, Aranzamendi E, Ziegler D, Nickel J, Karaghiosoff K, Carell T, Knochel P. Lewis Acid Triggered Regioselective Magnesiation and Zincation of Uracils, Uridines, and Cytidines. Org Lett 2016; 18:1068-71. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Klier
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Eider Aranzamendi
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Dorothée Ziegler
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Johannes Nickel
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Thomas Carell
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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11
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Francos J, Kennedy AR, O'Hara CT. Synthetic and reactivity studies of hetero-tri-anionic sodium zincates. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:6222-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04329h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The blue, red and green spheres represent three different anions present within a series of novel hetero-trianionic sodium zincates. The syntheses and structures of the complexes are reported as well as their reactivities with important organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Francos
- WestCHEM
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow
- UK
| | - Alan R. Kennedy
- WestCHEM
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow
- UK
| | - Charles T. O'Hara
- WestCHEM
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow
- UK
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12
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Liu Y, Xue J, Sun Z, Liu D, Xing Y, Li Y. Substituent-Controlled Selective Synthesis of Spirooxindoles and Oxazolyloxindoles via Two Tandem Reactions. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201500290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; 222 Tianshui South Rd. Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Jijun Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; 222 Tianshui South Rd. Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Zhou Sun
- College of Chemical Science and Engineering; Qingdao University; 308 Ningxia Rd. Qingdao 266000, Shandong P. R. China
| | - Dongxue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; 222 Tianshui South Rd. Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Yacheng Xing
- College of Chemical Science and Engineering; Qingdao University; 308 Ningxia Rd. Qingdao 266000, Shandong P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; 222 Tianshui South Rd. Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
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13
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Klatt T, Werner V, Maximova MG, Didier D, Apeloig Y, Knochel P. Preparation and Regioselective Magnesiation or Lithiation of Bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl-Substituted Heteroaryls for the Generation of Highly Functionalized Heterocycles. Chemistry 2015; 21:7830-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Amaral MFZJ, Baumgartner AA, Vessecchi R, Clososki GC. Directed Metalation of 1-Ester-Substituted Indolizines: Base/Electrophile-Controlled Regioselective Functionalization. Org Lett 2014; 17:238-41. [DOI: 10.1021/ol503288e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mônica F. Z. J. Amaral
- Núcleo
de Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Faculdade de
Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto - SP 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Amanda A. Baumgartner
- Núcleo
de Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Faculdade de
Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto - SP 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Vessecchi
- Departamento
de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras
de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av.
Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto -
SP 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Giuliano C. Clososki
- Núcleo
de Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Faculdade de
Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto - SP 14040-903, Brazil
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15
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Batista JHC, dos Santos FM, Bozzini LA, Vessecchi R, Oliveira ARM, Clososki GC. Directed Functionalization of Halophenyl-2-oxazolines with TMPMgCl·LiCl. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Melzer B, Plodek A, Bracher F. Total Synthesis of the Marine Pyridoacridine Alkaloid Demethyldeoxyamphimedine. J Org Chem 2014; 79:7239-42. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501312d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Melzer
- Department
of Pharmacy -
Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Butenandtstrasse
5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Alois Plodek
- Department
of Pharmacy -
Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Butenandtstrasse
5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Bracher
- Department
of Pharmacy -
Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Butenandtstrasse
5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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Frischmuth A, Fernández M, Barl NM, Achrainer F, Zipse H, Berionni G, Mayr H, Karaghiosoff K, Knochel P. In-situ-Abfangmethode zur Metallierung funktionalisierter Arene und Heteroarene mit TMPLi in Gegenwart von ZnCl2und anderen Metallsalzen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Frischmuth A, Fernández M, Barl NM, Achrainer F, Zipse H, Berionni G, Mayr H, Karaghiosoff K, Knochel P. New In Situ Trapping Metalations of Functionalized Arenes and Heteroarenes with TMPLi in the Presence of ZnCl2and Other Metal Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:7928-32. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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