1
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Ren JX, Zhou M, Feng XT, Zhao HY, Fu XP, Zhang X. Site-selective S-gem-difluoroallylation of unprotected peptides with 3,3-difluoroallyl sulfonium salts. Chem Sci 2024; 15:10002-10009. [PMID: 38966370 PMCID: PMC11220611 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02681k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Bench-stable 3,3-difluoroallyl sulfonium salts (DFASs), featuring tunable activity and their editable C-β and gem-difluoroallyl group, proved to be versatile fluoroalkylating reagents for site-selective S-gem-difluoroallylation of cysteine residues in unprotected peptides. The reaction proceeds with high efficiency under mild conditions (ambient temperature and aqueous and weak basic conditions). Various protected/unprotected peptides, especially bioactive peptides, are site-selectively S-gem-difluoroallylated. The newly added gem-difluoroallyl group and other functional groups derived from C-β of DFASs are poised for ligation with bio-functional groups through click and radical chemistry. This stepwise "doubly orthogonal" modification of peptides enables the construction of bioconjugates with enhanced complexity and functionality. This proof of principle is successfully applied to construct a peptide-saccharide-biotin chimeric bioconjugate, indicating its great potential application in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Xiu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Minqi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xiao-Tian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Hai-Yang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xia-Ping Fu
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou 310024 China
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2
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Bibi I, Mushtaq S, Lee KC, Park JA, Kim JY. From molecules to medicine: thiol selective bioconjugation in synthesis of diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. Theranostics 2024; 14:2396-2426. [PMID: 38646656 PMCID: PMC11024863 DOI: 10.7150/thno.95469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiolabeling of biomolecules and cells with radiolabeled prosthetic groups has significant implications for nuclear medicine, imaging, and radiotherapy. Achieving site-specific and controlled incorporation of radiolabeled prostheses under mild reaction conditions is crucial for minimizing the impact on the bioactivity of the radiolabeled compounds. The targeting of natural and abundant amino acids during radiolabeling of biomolecules often results in nonspecific and uncontrolled modifications. Cysteine is distinguished by its low natural abundance and unique nucleophilicity. It is therefore an optimal target for site-selective and site-specific radiolabeling of biomolecules under controlled parameters. This review extensively discusses thiol-specific radiolabeled prosthetic groups and provides a critical analysis and comprehensive study of the synthesis of these groups, their in vitro and in vivo stability profiles, reaction kinetics, stability of resulting adducts, and overall impact on the targeting ability of radiolabeled biomolecules. The insights presented here aim to facilitate the development of highly efficient radiopharmaceuticals, initially in preclinical settings and ultimately in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Bibi
- Affiliation Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology (UST), 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajid Mushtaq
- Affiliation Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), P. O. Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan
| | - Kyo Chul Lee
- Affiliation Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Ae Park
- Affiliation Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Young Kim
- Affiliation Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
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3
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Nikul’shin PV, Bredikhin RA, Maksimov AM, Platonov VE. Convenient Synthesis of Symmetrical Polyfluorinated Diphenyl Sulfides. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021120046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Brittain WDG, Coxon CR. Perfluoroaryl and Perfluoroheteroaryl Reagents as Emerging New Tools for Peptide Synthesis, Modification and Bioconjugation. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103305. [PMID: 34762323 PMCID: PMC9299879 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Peptides and proteins are becoming increasingly valuable as medicines, diagnostic agents and as tools for biomedical sciences. Much of this has been underpinned by the emergence of new methods for the manipulation and augmentation of native biomolecules. Perfluoroaromatic reagents are perhaps one of the most diverse and exciting tools with which to modify peptides and proteins, due principally to their nucleophilic substitution chemistry, high electron deficiency and the ability for their reactivity to be tuned towards specific nucleophiles. As discussed in this minireview, in recent years, perfluoroaromatic reagents have found applications as protecting groups or activating groups in peptide synthesis and as orthogonal handles for peptide modification. Furthermore, they have applications in chemoselective ‘tagging’, stapling and bioconjugation of peptides and proteins, as well as tuning of ‘drug‐like’ properties. This review will also explore possible future applications of these reagents in biological chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher R Coxon
- EaStChem School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
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5
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Chirality-matched catalyst-controlled macrocyclization reactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2113122118. [PMID: 34599107 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2113122118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrocycles, formally defined as compounds that contain a ring with 12 or more atoms, continue to attract great interest due to their important applications in physical, pharmacological, and environmental sciences. In syntheses of macrocyclic compounds, promoting intramolecular over intermolecular reactions in the ring-closing step is often a key challenge. Furthermore, syntheses of macrocycles with stereogenic elements confer an additional challenge, while access to such macrocycles are of great interest. Herein, we report the remarkable effect peptide-based catalysts can have in promoting efficient macrocyclization reactions. We show that the chirality of the catalyst is essential for promoting favorable, matched transition-state relationships that favor macrocyclization of substrates with preexisting stereogenic elements; curiously, the chirality of the catalyst is essential for successful reactions, even though no new static (i.e., not "dynamic") stereogenic elements are created. Control experiments involving either achiral variants of the catalyst or the enantiomeric form of the catalyst fail to deliver the macrocycles in significant quantity in head-to-head comparisons. The generality of the phenomenon, demonstrated here with a number of substrates, stimulates analogies to enzymatic catalysts that produce naturally occurring macrocycles, presumably through related, catalyst-defined peripheral interactions with their acyclic substrates.
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6
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Spears RJ, McMahon C, Chudasama V. Cysteine protecting groups: applications in peptide and protein science. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:11098-11155. [PMID: 34605832 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00271f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protecting group chemistry for the cysteine thiol group has enabled a vast array of peptide and protein chemistry over the last several decades. Increasingly sophisticated strategies for the protection, and subsequent deprotection, of cysteine have been developed, facilitating synthesis of complex disulfide-rich peptides, semisynthesis of proteins, and peptide/protein labelling in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we analyse and discuss the 60+ individual protecting groups reported for cysteine, highlighting their applications in peptide synthesis and protein science.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clíona McMahon
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Vijay Chudasama
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK.
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7
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Silva MJSA, Faustino H, Coelho JAS, Pinto MV, Fernandes A, Compañón I, Corzana F, Gasser G, Gois PMP. Efficient Amino‐Sulfhydryl Stapling on Peptides and Proteins Using Bifunctional NHS‐Activated Acrylamides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:10850-10857. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. S. A. Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
- Chimie ParisTech PSL University CNRS Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology 75005 Paris France
| | - Hélio Faustino
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Jaime A. S. Coelho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Maria V. Pinto
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Adelaide Fernandes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Ismael Compañón
- Departamento de Química Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química Universidad de La Rioja 26006 Logroño La Rioja Spain
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química Universidad de La Rioja 26006 Logroño La Rioja Spain
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech PSL University CNRS Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology 75005 Paris France
| | - Pedro M. P. Gois
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
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8
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Silva MJSA, Faustino H, Coelho JAS, Pinto MV, Fernandes A, Compañón I, Corzana F, Gasser G, Gois PMP. Efficient Amino‐Sulfhydryl Stapling on Peptides and Proteins Using Bifunctional NHS‐Activated Acrylamides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. S. A. Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
- Chimie ParisTech PSL University CNRS Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology 75005 Paris France
| | - Hélio Faustino
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Jaime A. S. Coelho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Maria V. Pinto
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Adelaide Fernandes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Ismael Compañón
- Departamento de Química Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química Universidad de La Rioja 26006 Logroño La Rioja Spain
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química Universidad de La Rioja 26006 Logroño La Rioja Spain
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech PSL University CNRS Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology 75005 Paris France
| | - Pedro M. P. Gois
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
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9
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Ahangarpour M, Kavianinia I, Harris PWR, Brimble MA. Photo-induced radical thiol-ene chemistry: a versatile toolbox for peptide-based drug design. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:898-944. [PMID: 33404559 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00354a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
While the global market for peptide/protein-based therapeutics is witnessing significant growth, the development of peptide drugs remains challenging due to their low oral bioavailability, poor membrane permeability, and reduced metabolic stability. However, a toolbox of chemical approaches has been explored for peptide modification to overcome these obstacles. In recent years, there has been a revival of interest in photoinduced radical thiol-ene chemistry as a powerful tool for the construction of therapeutic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Ahangarpour
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
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10
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Wills R, Adebomi V, Raj M. Site-Selective Peptide Macrocyclization. Chembiochem 2020; 22:52-62. [PMID: 32794268 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cyclized peptides have seen a rise in popularity in the pharmaceutical industry as drug molecules. As such, new macrocyclization methodologies have become abundant in the last several decades. However, efficient methods of cyclization without the formation of side products remain a great challenge. Herein, we review cyclization approaches that focus on site-selective chemistry. Site selectivity in macrocyclization decreases the generation of side products, leading to a greater yield of the desired peptide macrocycles. We will also take an in-depth look at the new exclusively intramolecular N-terminal site-selective CyClick strategy for the synthesis of cyclic peptides. The CyClick method uses imine formation between an aldehyde and the N terminus. The imine is then trapped by a nucleophilic attack from the second amidic nitrogen in an irreversible site-selective fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Wills
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Victor Adebomi
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Monika Raj
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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11
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Dar KB, Bhat AH, Amin S, Anjum S, Reshi BA, Zargar MA, Masood A, Ganie SA. Exploring Proteomic Drug Targets, Therapeutic Strategies and Protein - Protein Interactions in Cancer: Mechanistic View. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 19:430-448. [PMID: 30073927 DOI: 10.2174/1568009618666180803104631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs) drive major signalling cascades and play critical role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis and trafficking. Deregulated PPIs are implicated in multiple malignancies and represent the critical targets for treating cancer. Herein, we discuss the key protein-protein interacting domains implicated in cancer notably PDZ, SH2, SH3, LIM, PTB, SAM and PH. These domains are present in numerous enzymes/kinases, growth factors, transcription factors, adaptor proteins, receptors and scaffolding proteins and thus represent essential sites for targeting cancer. This review explores the candidature of various proteins involved in cellular trafficking (small GTPases, molecular motors, matrix-degrading enzymes, integrin), transcription (p53, cMyc), signalling (membrane receptor proteins), angiogenesis (VEGFs) and apoptosis (BCL-2family), which could possibly serve as targets for developing effective anti-cancer regimen. Interactions between Ras/Raf; X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP)/second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac/DIABLO); Frizzled (FRZ)/Dishevelled (DVL) protein; beta-catenin/T Cell Factor (TCF) have also been studied as prospective anticancer targets. Efficacy of diverse molecules/ drugs targeting such PPIs although evaluated in various animal models/cell lines, there is an essential need for human-based clinical trials. Therapeutic strategies like the use of biologicals, high throughput screening (HTS) and fragment-based technology could play an imperative role in designing cancer therapeutics. Moreover, bioinformatic/computational strategies based on genome sequence, protein sequence/structure and domain data could serve as competent tools for predicting PPIs. Exploring hot spots in proteomic networks represents another approach for developing targetspecific therapeutics. Overall, this review lays emphasis on a productive amalgamation of proteomics, genomics, biochemistry, and molecular dynamics for successful treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Bashir Dar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Aashiq Hussain Bhat
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Shajrul Amin
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Syed Anjum
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Rajasthan, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad Reshi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Mohammad Afzal Zargar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Akbar Masood
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Showkat Ahmad Ganie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
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12
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Lee LCC, Tsang AWY, Liu HW, Lo KKW. Photofunctional Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Polypyridine Complexes Bearing a Perfluorobiphenyl Moiety for Bioconjugation, Bioimaging, and Phototherapeutic Applications. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:14796-14806. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Cho-Cheung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Ada Wun-Yu Tsang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Wei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- Center of Functional Photonics, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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13
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Dognini P, Killoran PM, Hanson GS, Halsall L, Chaudhry T, Islam Z, Giuntini F, Coxon CR. Using
19
F NMR
and two‐level factorial design to explore thiol‐fluoride substitution in hexafluorobenzene and its application in peptide stapling and cyclisation. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Dognini
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences Byrom Street Campus, Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
| | - Patrick M. Killoran
- Division of Structural Biology (STRUBI) University of Oxford, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Harwell UK
| | - George S. Hanson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences Byrom Street Campus, Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot‐Watt University Edinburgh UK
| | - Lewis Halsall
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences Byrom Street Campus, Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
| | - Talhat Chaudhry
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences Byrom Street Campus, Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
| | - Zasharatul Islam
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences Byrom Street Campus, Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
| | - Francesca Giuntini
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences Byrom Street Campus, Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
| | - Christopher R. Coxon
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot‐Watt University Edinburgh UK
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14
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Gagnon C, Godin É, Minozzi C, Sosoe J, Pochet C, Collins SK. Biocatalytic synthesis of planar chiral macrocycles. Science 2020; 367:917-921. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz7381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Macrocycles can restrict the rotation of substituents through steric repulsions, locking in conformations that provide or enhance the activities of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, aroma chemicals, and materials. In many cases, the arrangement of substituents in the macrocycle imparts an element of planar chirality. The difficulty in predicting when planar chirality will arise, as well as the limited number of synthetic methods to impart selectivity, have led to planar chirality being regarded as an irritant. We report a strategy for enantio- and atroposelective biocatalytic synthesis of planar chiral macrocycles. The macrocycles can be formed with high enantioselectivity from simple building blocks and are decorated with functionality that allows one to further modify the macrocycles with diverse structural features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Gagnon
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Éric Godin
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Clémentine Minozzi
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Johann Sosoe
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Corentin Pochet
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Shawn K. Collins
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Maruyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Motomu Kanai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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16
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Jing X, Jin K. A gold mine for drug discovery: Strategies to develop cyclic peptides into therapies. Med Res Rev 2019; 40:753-810. [PMID: 31599007 DOI: 10.1002/med.21639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As a versatile therapeutic modality, peptides attract much attention because of their great binding affinity, low toxicity, and the capability of targeting traditionally "undruggable" protein surfaces. However, the deficiency of cell permeability and metabolic stability always limits the success of in vitro bioactive peptides as drug candidates. Peptide macrocyclization is one of the most established strategies to overcome these limitations. Over the past decades, more than 40 cyclic peptide drugs have been clinically approved, the vast majority of which are derived from natural products. The de novo discovered cyclic peptides on the basis of rational design and in vitro evolution, have also enabled the binding with targets for which nature provides no solutions. The current review summarizes different classes of cyclic peptides with diverse biological activities, and presents an overview of various approaches to develop cyclic peptide-based drug candidates, drawing upon series of examples to illustrate each strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshu Jing
- Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kang Jin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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17
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Zhang C, Vinogradova EV, Spokoyny AM, Buchwald SL, Pentelute BL. Arylation Chemistry for Bioconjugation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4810-4839. [PMID: 30399206 PMCID: PMC6433541 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201806009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bioconjugation chemistry has been used to prepare modified biomolecules with functions beyond what nature intended. Central to these techniques is the development of highly efficient and selective bioconjugation reactions that operate under mild, biomolecule compatible conditions. Methods that form a nucleophile-sp2 carbon bond show promise for creating bioconjugates with new modifications, sometimes resulting in molecules with unparalleled functions. Here we outline and review sulfur, nitrogen, selenium, oxygen, and carbon arylative bioconjugation strategies and their applications to modify peptides, proteins, sugars, and nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Dr. C. Zhang, Dr. E. V. Vinogradova, Prof. Dr. A. M. Spokoyny, Prof. Dr. S. L. Buchwald, Prof. Dr. B. L. Pentelute, Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, ,
| | - Ekaterina V. Vinogradova
- Dr. C. Zhang, Dr. E. V. Vinogradova, Prof. Dr. A. M. Spokoyny, Prof. Dr. S. L. Buchwald, Prof. Dr. B. L. Pentelute, Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, ,
- Dr. E. V. Vinogradova, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alexander M. Spokoyny
- Dr. C. Zhang, Dr. E. V. Vinogradova, Prof. Dr. A. M. Spokoyny, Prof. Dr. S. L. Buchwald, Prof. Dr. B. L. Pentelute, Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, ,
- Prof. Dr. A. M. Spokoyny, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stephen L. Buchwald
- Dr. C. Zhang, Dr. E. V. Vinogradova, Prof. Dr. A. M. Spokoyny, Prof. Dr. S. L. Buchwald, Prof. Dr. B. L. Pentelute, Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, ,
| | - Bradley L. Pentelute
- Dr. C. Zhang, Dr. E. V. Vinogradova, Prof. Dr. A. M. Spokoyny, Prof. Dr. S. L. Buchwald, Prof. Dr. B. L. Pentelute, Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, ,
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18
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Zhang C, Vinogradova EV, Spokoyny AM, Buchwald SL, Pentelute BL. Arylierungschemie für die Biokonjugation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201806009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Ekaterina V. Vinogradova
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular MedicineThe Scripps Research Institute La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Alexander M. Spokoyny
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of California, Los Angeles 607 Charles E. Young Drive East Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Stephen L. Buchwald
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Bradley L. Pentelute
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
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19
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Alapour S, Sharma A, de la Torre BG, Ramjugernath D, Koorbanally NA, Albericio F. Perfluorophenyl Derivatives as Unsymmetrical Linkers for Solid Phase Conjugation. Front Chem 2018; 6:589. [PMID: 30547028 PMCID: PMC6279949 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Linkers play major roles in conjugation chemistry toward the advancement of drug discovery. Two different series of fluorinated linkers were introduced to the backbone of a model peptide using solid phase peptide synthesis. These fluorinated linkers have the potential to conjugate two asymmetrical groups. This has not been done using other fluorinated linkers. This study deals with application of linkers with S, N, and O terminals and reports on the investigation of their chemoselectivity and activity for branching peptide backbones using a chosen model peptide. These fluorinated linkers have unique properties that will make it possible for a large diversity of bioconjugated chemicals for different bioapplications to be designed and synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Alapour
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Anamika Sharma
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,KRISP, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Beatriz G de la Torre
- KRISP, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Deresh Ramjugernath
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Neil A Koorbanally
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Organic Chemistry, CIBER-BBN (Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Cheng X, Hong H, Zhou Z, Wu Z. Enzymatic On-Resin Peptide Cleavage and in Situ Cyclization One-Pot Strategy for the Synthesis of Cyclopeptide and Cyclotide. J Org Chem 2018; 83:14078-14083. [PMID: 30277068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot strategy combining sortase A mediated on-resin peptide cleavage and in situ cyclization was developed for the synthesis of cyclic peptides. This strategy was applied to synthesize head-to-tail cyclic antibacterial bovine lactoferricin peptide LFcinB20-35 in a yield of 67%. The one-pot strategy was compatible with an oxidative folding reaction, and complex cyclotides containing one or two disulfide bonds, such as sunflower trypsin inhibitors-1 and α-conotoxin MII, were successfully synthesized in one pot in a yield of 77% and 61%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
| | - Haofei Hong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
| | - Zhifang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
| | - Zhimeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
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21
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Skowron KJ, Speltz TE, Moore TW. Recent structural advances in constrained helical peptides. Med Res Rev 2018; 39:749-770. [PMID: 30307621 DOI: 10.1002/med.21540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Given the ubiquity of the ⍺-helix in the proteome, there has been much research in developing mimics of ⍺-helices, and most of this study has been toward developing protein-protein interaction inhibitors. A common strategy for mimicking ⍺-helices has been through the use of constrained, helical peptides. The addition of a constraint typically provides for conformational and proteolytic stability and, in some cases, cell permeability. Some of the most well-known strategies included are lactam formation and hydrocarbon "stapling." Beyond those strategies, there have been many recent advances in developing constrained peptides. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent advances in the development of new helix-stabilizing technologies, constraint diversification strategies, tether diversification strategies, and combination strategies that create new bicyclic helical peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornelia J Skowron
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Thomas E Speltz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Terry W Moore
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Translational Oncology Program, University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A. Modica
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60201, United States
| | - Yao Lin
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60201, United States
| | - Milan Mrksich
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60201, United States
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23
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Gimenez D, Mooney CA, Dose A, Sandford G, Coxon CR, Cobb SL. The application of perfluoroheteroaromatic reagents in the preparation of modified peptide systems. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:4086-4095. [PMID: 28470238 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00283a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The perfluoroheteroaromatic reagent pentafluoropyridine has proved to be a highly reactive electrophile, undergoing SNAr arylation reactions in the presence of a range of nucleophilic peptide side chains (i.e. cysteine, tyrosine, serine and lysine) under mild conditions. Moreover, we have shown how one-step peptide-modification using perfluoroheteroaromatics can deliver enhanced proteolytic stability in pharmaceutically-relevant peptides such as oxytocin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Gimenez
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
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24
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Alapour S, de la Torre BG, Ramjugernath D, Koorbanally NA, Albericio F. Application of Decafluorobiphenyl (DFBP) Moiety as a Linker in Bioconjugation. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:225-233. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saba Alapour
- School
of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Beatriz G. de la Torre
- KRISP, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Deresh Ramjugernath
- School
of Chemical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Neil A. Koorbanally
- School
of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- School
of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
- CIBER-BBN,
Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine,
and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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25
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Schmidt M, Toplak A, Quaedflieg PJLM, van Maarseveen JH, Nuijens T. Enzyme-catalyzed peptide cyclization. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2017; 26:11-16. [PMID: 29249237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The recent advancement of peptide macrocycles as promising therapeutics creates a need for novel methodologies for their efficient synthesis and (large scale) production. Within this context, due to the favorable properties of biocatalysts, enzyme-mediated methodologies have gained great interest. Enzymes such as sortase A, butelase 1, peptiligase and omniligase-1 represent extremely powerful and valuable enzymatic tools for peptide ligation, since they can be applied to generate complex cyclic peptides with exquisite biological activity. Therefore, the use of enzymatic strategies will effectively supplement the scope of existing chemical methodologies and will accelerate the development of future cyclic peptide therapeutics. The advantages and disadvantages of the different enzymatic methodologies will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Schmidt
- EnzyPep B.V., Brightlands Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands; Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Toplak
- EnzyPep B.V., Brightlands Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jan H van Maarseveen
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timo Nuijens
- EnzyPep B.V., Brightlands Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands.
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26
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Wang J, Jia S, Okuyama K, Huang Z, Tokunaga E, Sumii Y, Shibata N. Synthesis of Sulfur Perfluorophenyl Compounds Using a Pentafluorobenzenesulfonyl Hypervalent Iodonium Ylide. J Org Chem 2017; 82:11939-11945. [PMID: 28895393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel pentafluorobenzenesulfonyl hypervalent iodonium ylide 3 was designed and synthesized as a useful tool for the preparation of sulfur pentafluorophenyl compounds containing a C6F5S or C6F5SO2 unit. Electrophilic pentafluorophenylthiolation of enamines, formal [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of nitriles and alkynes, and intramolecular SNAr cyclization were achieved using iodonium ylide 3. The fluoro-click reaction was also demonstrated using one of the products via an intermolecular SNAr reaction with heterocentered nucleophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Wang
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Shichong Jia
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Kenta Okuyama
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Zhongyan Huang
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Etsuko Tokunaga
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Yuji Sumii
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
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27
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Milczek EM. Commercial Applications for Enzyme-Mediated Protein Conjugation: New Developments in Enzymatic Processes to Deliver Functionalized Proteins on the Commercial Scale. Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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28
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Characterization of the macrocyclase involved in the biosynthesis of RiPP cyclic peptides in plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:6551-6556. [PMID: 28584123 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1620499114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzymes that can catalyze the macrocyclization of linear peptide substrates have long been sought for the production of libraries of structurally diverse scaffolds via combinatorial gene assembly as well as to afford rapid in vivo screening methods. Orbitides are plant ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides (RiPPs) of various sizes and topologies, several of which are shown to be biologically active. The diversity in size and sequence of orbitides suggests that the corresponding macrocyclases may be ideal catalysts for production of cyclic peptides. Here we present the biochemical characterization and crystal structures of the plant enzyme PCY1 involved in orbitide macrocyclization. These studies demonstrate how the PCY1 S9A protease fold has been adapted for transamidation, rather than hydrolysis, of acyl-enzyme intermediates to yield cyclic products. Notably, PCY1 uses an unusual strategy in which the cleaved C-terminal follower peptide from the substrate stabilizes the enzyme in a productive conformation to facilitate macrocyclization of the N-terminal fragment. The broad substrate tolerance of PCY1 can be exploited as a biotechnological tool to generate structurally diverse arrays of macrocycles, including those with nonproteinogenic elements.
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29
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Wu Z, Cheng X, Hong H, Zhao X, Zhou Z. New potent and selective αvβ 3 integrin ligands: Macrocyclic peptides containing RGD motif synthesized by sortase A-mediated ligation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:1911-1913. [PMID: 28351594 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Three 14-mer macrocyclic peptides 1-3 containing mono-, di- and tri-RGD structure motif were designed and synthesized by sortase A-mediated ligation in good yields. The results of in intro cell-based biological assays indicated that linear peptide 5 and macrocyclic peptide 1, containing di-RGD and mono-RGD motif respectively, showed remarkable potency and selectivity to αvβ3 integrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Xiaozhong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haofei Hong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xinrui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhifang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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30
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Johnson AM, Anslyn EV. Reversible Macrocyclization of Peptides with a Conjugate Acceptor. Org Lett 2017; 19:1654-1657. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amber M. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas, 1 University Station A1590, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Eric V. Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas, 1 University Station A1590, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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31
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Gimenez D, Dose A, Robson NL, Sandford G, Cobb SL, Coxon CR. 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol as a solvent to control nucleophilic peptide arylation. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:4081-4085. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00295e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Trifluoroethanol enables selective perfluoro-heteroaromatic peptide arylation of cysteine residues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anica Dose
- Durham University
- Department of Chemistry
- Durham
- UK
| | | | | | | | - Christopher R. Coxon
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences
- Byrom Street Campus
- Liverpool John Moores University
- Liverpool
- UK
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32
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Gunnoo SB, Madder A. Chemical Protein Modification through Cysteine. Chembiochem 2016; 17:529-53. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Smita B. Gunnoo
- Organic & Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group; Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 9000 Gent Belgium
| | - Annemieke Madder
- Organic & Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group; Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 9000 Gent Belgium
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33
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Corbi-Verge C, Kim PM. Motif mediated protein-protein interactions as drug targets. Cell Commun Signal 2016; 14:8. [PMID: 26936767 PMCID: PMC4776425 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-016-0131-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPI) are involved in virtually every cellular process and thus represent an attractive target for therapeutic interventions. A significant number of protein interactions are frequently formed between globular domains and short linear peptide motifs (DMI). Targeting these DMIs has proven challenging and classical approaches to inhibiting such interactions with small molecules have had limited success. However, recent new approaches have led to the discovery of potent inhibitors, some of them, such as Obatoclax, ABT-199, AEG-40826 and SAH-p53-8 are likely to become approved drugs. These novel inhibitors belong to a wide range of different molecule classes, ranging from small molecules to peptidomimetics and biologicals. This article reviews the main reasons for limited success in targeting PPIs, discusses how successful approaches overcome these obstacles to discovery promising inhibitors for human protein double minute 2 (HDM2), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), and provides a summary of the promising approaches currently in development that indicate the future potential of PPI inhibitors in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Corbi-Verge
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.
| | - Philip M Kim
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.
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34
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Zhang C, Welborn M, Zhu T, Yang NJ, Santos MS, Van Voorhis T, Pentelute BL. Π-Clamp-mediated cysteine conjugation. Nat Chem 2016; 8:120-8. [PMID: 26791894 PMCID: PMC4861612 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Site-selective functionalization of complex molecules is one of the most significant challenges in chemistry. Typically, protecting groups or catalysts must be used to enable the selective modification of one site among many that are similarly reactive, and general strategies that selectively tune the local chemical environment around a target site are rare. Here, we show a four-amino-acid sequence (Phe-Cys-Pro-Phe), which we call the 'π-clamp', that tunes the reactivity of its cysteine thiol for site-selective conjugation with perfluoroaromatic reagents. We use the π-clamp to selectively modify one cysteine site in proteins containing multiple endogenous cysteine residues. These examples include antibodies and cysteine-based enzymes that would be difficult to modify selectively using standard cysteine-based methods. Antibodies modified using the π-clamp retained binding affinity to their targets, enabling the synthesis of site-specific antibody-drug conjugates for selective killing of HER2-positive breast cancer cells. The π-clamp is an unexpected approach to mediate site-selective chemistry and provides new avenues to modify biomolecules for research and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Matthew Welborn
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Nicole J. Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Michael S. Santos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Troy Van Voorhis
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Bradley L. Pentelute
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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35
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Sardar D, Lin Z, Schmidt EW. Modularity of RiPP Enzymes Enables Designed Synthesis of Decorated Peptides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 22:907-16. [PMID: 26165156 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Macrocyclases and other posttranslational enzymes afford derived peptides with improved properties for pharmaceutical and biotechnological applications. Here, we asked whether multiple posttranslational modifications could be simultaneously controlled and matched to rationally generate new peptide derivatives. We reconstituted the cyanobactin peptide natural products in vitro with up to five different posttranslational enzymes in a single tube. By manipulating the order of addition and identity of enzymes and exploiting their broad-substrate tolerance, we engineered the production of highly unnatural derivatives, including an N-C peptide macrocycle of 22 amino acids in length. In addition to engineering, this work better defines the macrocyclization mechanism, provides the first biochemical demonstration of Ser/Thr posttranslational prenylation, and is the first example of reconstitution of a native, multistep RiPP pathway with multiple enzymes in one pot. Overall, this work demonstrates how the modularity of posttranslational modification enzymes can be used to design and synthesize desirable peptide motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debosmita Sardar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, 30 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Zhenjian Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, 30 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Eric W Schmidt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, 30 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Boutureira
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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