|
1
|
Aksenov AV, Aksenov NA, Kirilov NK, Skomorokhov AA, Aksenov DA, Kurenkov IA, Sorokina EA, Nobi MA, Rubin M. Does electrophilic activation of nitroalkanes in polyphosphoric acid involve formation of nitrile oxides? RSC Adv 2021; 11:35937-35945. [PMID: 35492804 PMCID: PMC9043268 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06503c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic rationale involving activation of nitroalkanes towards interaction with nucleophilic reagents in the presence of polyphosphoric acid (PPA) was re-evaluated. Could nitrile oxide moieties be formed during this process? This experiment demonstrates that at least in some cases this could happen, as generated nitrile oxides were successfully intercepted as adducts of [3 + 2] cycloadditions. The mechanistic rationale involving activation of nitroalkanes towards interaction with nucleophilic reagents in the presence of polyphosphoric acid (PPA) was re-evaluated. Could nitrile oxide moieties be formed during this process?![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Nicolai A. Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Nikita K. Kirilov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Anton A. Skomorokhov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Dmitrii A. Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Igor A. Kurenkov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Elena A. Sorokina
- Organic Chemistry Department, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Mezvah A. Nobi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Michael Rubin
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355017, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Chentsova A, Ushakov DB, Seeberger PH, Gilmore K. Synthesis of α-Nitro Carbonyls via Nitrations in Flow. J Org Chem 2016; 81:9415-9421. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chentsova
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dmitry B. Ushakov
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerry Gilmore
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Reddy GR, Avadhani AS, Rajaram S. Activation of Benzyl Aryl Carbonates: The Role of Cation-π Interactions. J Org Chem 2016; 81:4134-41. [PMID: 27158833 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Benzyl aryl carbonates can react with a nucleophile to yield an activated electrophile and an aryloxide anion. Previously, we had utilized this in the synthesis of α-nitro esters from nitroalkanes. To further understand the process of activation of these carbonates by nucleophiles, we have performed kinetic studies on the hydrolysis of carbonates using nucleophiles. Rate constants for the hydrolysis were obtained under pseudo-first-order conditions with DABCO as the nucleophile. A comparison of rate constant for hydrolysis of isobutyl phenyl carbonate with benzyl phenyl carbonate shows that the presence of benzyl group results in a 16-fold acceleration of hydrolysis rate. This indicates that the transition state for activation of carbonate is stabilized by cation-π interactions. A comparison of the rate constant for various aromatic rings indicates that electron-donating substituents on the benzyl groups accelerate the rate of hydrolysis. Studies were also carried out with DMAP as nucleophile and the results are presented. Our studies show that stable carbonates can be activated using nucleophiles. Activated acyl groups generated from acid anhydrides have been used in several enantioselective reactions. Our studies show that carbonates can be stable alternatives to acid anhydrides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Golipalli Ramana Reddy
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research , Jakkur P.O., Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Anusha S Avadhani
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research , Jakkur P.O., Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Sridhar Rajaram
- International Centre for Materials Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research , Jakkur P.O., Bangalore 560064, India
| |
Collapse
|