1
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Nguyen THT, Eerdun C, Okayama T, Hisanaga S, Tominaga T, Mochida T, Setsune JI. Stereochemistry and chiroptical properties of bimetallic single helicates of hexapyrrole-α, ω-dicarbaldimines with high diastereoselectivity. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842462150111x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bimetallic complexes of hexapyrrole-[Formula: see text],[Formula: see text]-dicarbaldimines consisting of a pair of four-coordinate metal sites adopt a helical closed [Formula: see text]-symmetric form or sigmoidal open forms depending on whether the 2,2[Formula: see text]-bipyrrole subunit at the center of the hexapyrrole chain takes cis- or trans-conformation. X-ray crystallography of a bisNi complex having N-[([Formula: see text]-1-cyclohexylethyl]carbaldimine units at both ends of the hexapyrrole chain revealed a non-symmetric heterohelical open form where the metal coordination sites of opposite helical sense sit on opposite sides of the central 2,2[Formula: see text]-bipyrrole subunit. BisPd complexes preferred a closed [Formula: see text] form and a steric bulk at the 3,3[Formula: see text]-position of the 2,2[Formula: see text]-bipyrrole subunit improved the helical sense bias. A bisPd complex with N-[([Formula: see text]-1-cyclohexylethyl]carbaldimine units adopts a helical closed [Formula: see text] form exclusively with full bias for a [Formula: see text]-helical sense. These bimetallic single stranded helicates were reversibly oxidized to [Formula: see text]-cation radicals at 0.1[Formula: see text]0.3 V vs. a ferrocene/ferrocenium couple and spectroelectrochemistry revealed remarkable absorption and CD spectral changes in the Vis-NIR region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Hien Thuy Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Chaolu Eerdun
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University Jinshan Econimic & Technology Development District, Hohhot 010100, China
| | - Takuya Okayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hisanaga
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takumi Tominaga
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Mochida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Jun-ichiro Setsune
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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2
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Gao S, Li C, Baryshnikov G, Ågren H, Li Q, Xie Y. Syntheses of thiophene appended N-confused phlorin isomers. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424621500905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A doubly confused thiapentapyrrane NSP-5 was synthesized by acid-catalysed condensation. Subsequent oxidation with DDQ did not afford the expected thiasapphyrin-like product. Instead, two tetrapyrrolic macrocycles, i.e. neo-N-confused phlorin (1) and N-confused phlorin-II (2) were obtained in the yields of 14% and 18%, respectively. The compounds were characterized by NMR, HRMS, and X-ray diffraction analyses. Single crystal structures clearly reveal that the thienyl units are not embedded into the macrocycles, but appended as meso-substituents, and the C[Formula: see text]-N and C[Formula: see text]-C[Formula: see text] cyclization modes can be clearly revealed by the crystal structures of 1 and 2, respectively. The observation that the thienyl unit is not involved in oxidative cyclization may be related to the relatively low reactivity of the thiophene moiety compared with the more electron-rich pyrrole unit. These results indicate that oxidative cyclization of linear thiaoligopyrranes containing terminal thiophene units may be developed as an effective approach for synthesizing nonconjugated macrocycles like phlorin analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chengjie Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Glib Baryshnikov
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Nanomaterials Science, Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University, 18031, Cherkasy, Ukraine
| | - Hans Ågren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Qizhao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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3
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Kumar BS, Chandra B, Jovan Jose KV, Panda PK. 1,2-Phenylene-Incorporated Smallest Expanded Calix[4]pyrrole via One-Step Synthesis of Tetrapyrrane: A Fluorescent Host for Fluoride Ion. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10536-10543. [PMID: 34319103 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of tetrapyrrane 8 from acetone and pyrrole via one-step condensation was achieved for the first time along with a much-improved yield of the tripyrrane 9. Diborylation of the tetrapyrrane and subsequent "1 + 1" cyclocoupling with 1,2-diiodobenzene following the Suzuki protocol generated novel o-phenylene incorporated macrocycle belonging to the smallest meso-expanded calix[4]pyrrole family. The latter macrocycle displays exclusive turn-on fluorescence sensing of fluoride ion upon complexation via a unique partial cone conformation supported by DFT analysis in acetonitrile solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sathish Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Brijesh Chandra
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - K V Jovan Jose
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Pradeepta K Panda
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
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4
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Aguilar A, He Q, Lammer A, Thordarson P, Sessler JL. Double tailed scorpiand-type calix[10]phyrin: Synthesis and proton-driven anion recognition features. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Eerdun C, Nguyen THT, Okayama T, Hisanaga S, Setsune JI. Conformational Changes and Redox Properties of Bimetallic Single Helicates of Hexapyrrole-α,ω-dicarbaldehydes. Chemistry 2019; 25:5777-5786. [PMID: 30746784 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The hexapyrrole-α,ω-dicarbaldehydes 1 a and 1 b were metallated with CuII , NiII , and PdII to give bimetallic complexes where a pair of 3 N+O four-coordinate metal planes are helically distorted and the central 2,2'-bipyrrole subunit adopts a cis or trans conformation. X-ray crystallographic analysis of the bisCu complex revealed a closed form with a cis-2,2'-bipyrrole subunit and an open form with a trans-2,2'-bipyrrole subunit. The bisPd complexes took a closed form both in the solid state and in solution. They are regarded as single helicates of two turns and the energy barrier for the interchange between an M helix and a P helix was remarkably influenced by the bulky 3,3'-substituent of the central 2,2'-bipyrrole subunit. Although the bisNi complexes adopt a closed form in the solid state, they exist as a homohelical open C2 -symmetric form or a heterohelical open Ci -symmetric form in solution. A theoretical study suggested that the closed form of 1 aPd was stabilized by the Pd-Pd interaction. Compound 1 aPd was reversibly oxidized by one electron at 0.14 V versus ferrocene/ferrocenium (Fc/Fc+ ) and this oxidized species showed Vis/NIR absorption bands at λ=767 and 1408 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaolu Eerdun
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinshan Economic & Technology Development District, Hohhot, 010100, P.R. China
| | - Thi Hien Thuy Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takuya Okayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hisanaga
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Setsune
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
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6
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Shao J, Li C, Kong J, Jiang H, Zhao S, Li M, Liang X, Zhu W, Xie Y. Regioselective Oxidative Ring Cleavage of a Phlorin Analogue: An Approach for Synthesizing Linear Tetrapyrroles. Org Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiewei Shao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chengjie Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiahui Kong
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Haoran Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shuangliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Minzhi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xu Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Weihua Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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7
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Three bilindione isomers: synthesis, characterization and reactivity of biliverdin analogs. J Biol Inorg Chem 2017; 22:727-737. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-017-1444-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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8
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Abstract
A large number of porphyrinoids containing 2,2'-bipyrrole subunits have appeared since they were originally found as a component of sapphyrin and corrole, and it was found that the bipyrrole subunit endowed macrocycles with specific geometric features and electronic properties. Synthetic methods for bipyrrole-containing precursors for porphyrinoid are summarized in this review; these include coupling reactions of pyrrole rings, pyrrole ring-forming reactions leading directly to bipyrrole units, and synthetic reactions for oligopyrrolic compounds. Some hybrid oligopyrroles having nonpyrrole (hetero)aromatic ring(s) are also included. This review also describes porphyrinoids composed of bipyrrole subunits. Interesting electronic properties derived from strong cyclo-π-conjugation are highlighted in the bipyrrole-based porphyrinoids with or without meso-like carbons. Anion-binding chemistry is one of the main topics for bipyrrole-based macrocycles with less efficient or deficient cyclo-π-conjugation, such as those linked with electronically localized aromatic ring(s), with sp3 carbon(s), and with amido or imine connection(s). The principal concern in this review is porphyrinoids of relatively large ring size, composed of more than five units of pyrroles and (hetero)aromatic substitutes in total, and so bipyrrole-based porphyrinoids up to five pyrrolic units, such as corroles, porphycenes, sapphyrins, and smaragdyrin, will not be covered here except for some special cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichiro Setsune
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University , Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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9
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Li J, Zhang Q, Yin J, Yu C, Cheng K, Wei Y, Hao E, Jiao L. Metal-Free and Versatile Synthetic Routes to Natural and Synthetic Prodiginines from Boron Dipyrrin. Org Lett 2016; 18:5696-5699. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Laboratory
of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory
of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Jian Yin
- Laboratory
of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Changjiang Yu
- Laboratory
of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Laboratory
of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yun Wei
- Laboratory
of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Erhong Hao
- Laboratory
of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- Laboratory
of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
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10
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Zhang K, Savage M, Li X, Jiang Y, Ishida M, Mitsuno K, Karasawa S, Kato T, Zhu W, Yang S, Furuta H, Xie Y. Rational syntheses of helical π-conjugated oligopyrrins with a bipyrrole linkage: geometry control of bis-copper(ii) coordination. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:5148-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc00707d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rational syntheses of long-chain helical π-conjugated oligopyrrins and their bis-copper complexes afford systematically modulated optical and magnetic properties.
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11
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Wang J, Wu Q, Wang S, Yu C, Li J, Hao E, Wei Y, Mu X, Jiao L. Conformation-Restricted Partially and Fully Fused BODIPY Dimers as Highly Stable Near-Infrared Fluorescent Dyes. Org Lett 2015; 17:5360-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
| | - Qinghua Wu
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
| | - Shaowu Wang
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
| | - Changjiang Yu
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
| | - Jin Li
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
| | - Erhong Hao
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
| | - Yun Wei
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
| | - Xiaolong Mu
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
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12
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Wei T, Sun X, Li X, Ågren H, Xie Y. Systematic Investigations on the Roles of the Electron Acceptor and Neighboring Ethynylene Moiety in Porphyrins for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:21956-21965. [PMID: 26355437 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cyanoacrylic and carboxyl groups have been developed as the most extensively used electron acceptor and anchoring group for the design of sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells. In terms of the photoelectric conversion efficiency, each of them has been demonstrated to be superior to the other one in certain cases. Herein, to further understand the effect of these two groups on cell efficiencies, a series of porphyrin sensitizers were designed and synthesized, with the acceptors systematically varied, and the effect of the neighboring ethynylene unit was also investigated. Compared with the sensitizer XW5 which contains a carboxyphenyl anchoring moiety directly linked to the meso-position of the porphyrin framework, the separate introduction of a strongly electron-withdrawing cyanoacrylic acid as the anchoring group or the insertion of an ethynylene unit can achieve broadened light absorption and IPCE response, resulting in higher Jsc and higher efficiency. Thus, compared with the efficiency of 4.77% for XW5, dyes XW1 and XW6 exhibit higher efficiencies of 7.09% and 5.92%, respectively. Simultaneous introduction of the cyanoacrylic acid and the ethynylene units into XW7 can further broaden light absorption and thus further improve the Jsc. However, XW7 exhibits the lowest Voc value, which is not only related to the floppy structure of the cyanoacrylic group but also related to the aggravated dye aggregation effect due to the extended framework. As a result, XW7 exhibits a relatively low efficiency of 5.75%. These results indicate that the combination of the ethynylene and cyanoacrylic groups is an unsuccessful approach. To address this problem, a cyano substituent was introduced to XW8 at the ortho position of the carboxyl group in the carboxyphenyl acceptor. Thus, XW8 exhibits the highest efficiency of 7.59% among these dyes. Further cosensitization of XW8 with XS3 dramatically improved the efficiency to 9.31%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Wei
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xi Sun
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Ågren
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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13
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Zhang K, Zhang J, Li X, Guo R, Ågren H, Ou Z, Ishida M, Furuta H, Xie Y. Synthesis of a Neo-Confused Octaphyrin and the Formation of Its Mononuclear Complexes. Org Lett 2015; 17:4806-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Key
Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Junda Zhang
- Key
Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department
of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm Se-10691, Sweden
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Hans Ågren
- Department
of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm Se-10691, Sweden
| | - Zhongping Ou
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Center
for Molecular Systems, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate
School of Engineering, Education Center for Global Leaders in Molecular
Systems for Devices, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Center
for Molecular Systems, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate
School of Engineering, Education Center for Global Leaders in Molecular
Systems for Devices, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Key
Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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