1
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Zhao X, Ding H, Guo A, Zhong X, Zhou S, Wang G, Liu Y, Ishiwata A, Tanaka K, Cai H, Liu XW, Ding F. Zinc(ii)-mediated stereoselective construction of 1,2- cis 2-azido-2-deoxy glycosidic linkage: assembly of Acinetobacter baumannii K48 capsular pentasaccharide derivative. Chem Sci 2024; 15:12889-12899. [PMID: 39148796 PMCID: PMC11322977 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc03449j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The capsular polysaccharide (CPS) is a major virulence factor of the pathogenic Acinetobacter baumannii and a promising target for vaccine development. However, the synthesis of the 1,2-cis-2-amino-2-deoxyglycoside core of CPS remains challenging to date. Here we develop a highly α-selective ZnI2-mediated 1,2-cis 2-azido-2-deoxy chemical glycosylation strategy using 2-azido-2-deoxy glucosyl donors equipped with various 4,6-O-tethered groups. Among them the tetraisopropyldisiloxane (TIPDS)-protected 2-azido-2-deoxy-d-glucosyl donor afforded predominantly α-glycoside (α : β = >20 : 1) in maximum yield. This novel approach applies to a wide acceptor substrate scope, including various aliphatic alcohols, sugar alcohols, and natural products. We demonstrated the versatility and effectiveness of this strategy by the synthesis of A. baumannii K48 capsular pentasaccharide repeating fragments, employing the developed reaction as the key step for constructing the 1,2-cis 2-azido-2-deoxy glycosidic linkage. The reaction mechanism was explored with combined experimental variable-temperature NMR (VT-NMR) studies and mass spectroscopy (MS) analysis, and theoretical density functional theory calculations, which suggested the formation of covalent α-C1GlcN-iodide intermediate in equilibrium with separated oxocarbenium-counter ion pair, followed by an SN1-like α-nucleophilic attack most likely from separated ion pairs by the ZnI2-activated acceptor complex under the influence of the 2-azido gauche effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen 518107 China
| | - Han Ding
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore
| | - Aoxin Guo
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore
| | - Xuemei Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen 518107 China
| | - Siai Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen 518107 China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen 518107 China
| | - Yuhua Liu
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Akihiro Ishiwata
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research Wako Saitama 3510198 Japan
| | - Katsunori Tanaka
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research Wako Saitama 3510198 Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan
| | - Hui Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen 518107 China
| | - Xue-Wei Liu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore
| | - Feiqing Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen 518107 China
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2
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Bahadori S, Archambault MJ, Sebastiao M, Bourgault S, Giguère D. Convergent Synthesis of a Group B Streptococcus Type III Epitope Toward a Semisynthetic Carbohydrate-Based Vaccine. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 39033407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we synthesized an hexasaccharide derived from the capsular polysaccharide of group B Streptococcus type III capsular polysaccharide. Our convergent 3 + 3 strategy avoided the use of benzyl protecting groups allowing the installation of an azide anchoring group and providing a high yield for the final deprotection steps. Moreover, the minimal hexasaccharidic epitope was conjugated to CRM197 and BSA via copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition for the preparation of a semisynthetic carbohydrate-based vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Bahadori
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
- Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, PROTEO, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y7, Canada
| | - Marie-Jeanne Archambault
- Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, PROTEO, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Mathew Sebastiao
- Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, PROTEO, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Steve Bourgault
- Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, PROTEO, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Denis Giguère
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
- Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, PROTEO, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y7, Canada
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3
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Duan L, Nie Q, Hu Y, Wang L, Guo K, Zhou Z, Song X, Tu Y, Liu H, Hansen T, Sun JS, Zhang Q. Stereoselective Synthesis of the O-antigen of A. baumannii ATCC 17961 Using Long-Range Levulinoyl Group Participation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306971. [PMID: 37327196 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we described the first synthesis of the pentasaccharide and decasaccharide of the A. baumannii ATCC 17961 O-antigen for developing a synthetic carbohydrate-based vaccine against A. baumannii infection. The efficient synthesis of the rare sugar 2,3-diacetamido-glucuronate was achieved using our recently introduced organocatalytic glycosylation method. We found, for the first time, that long-range levulinoyl group participation via a hydrogen bond can result in a significantly improved β-selectivity in glycosylations. This solves the stereoselectivity problem of highly branched galactose acceptors. The proposed mechanism was supported by control experiments and DFT computations. Benefiting from the long-range levulinoyl group participation strategy, the pentasaccharide donor and acceptor were obtained via an efficient [2+1+2] one-pot glycosylation method and were used for the target decasaccharide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangshen Duan
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Qin Nie
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Yongxin Hu
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Liming Wang
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Kaiyan Guo
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Zhuoyi Zhou
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Xu Song
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Yuanhong Tu
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Hui Liu
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Thomas Hansen
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam (The, Netherlands
| | - Jian-Song Sun
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, and Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Qingju Zhang
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
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4
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Liao J, Zhuo X, Pan B, Zou Y, Chai X, Wu Q, Yu S, Pan W, Zhao Q. Synthesis and preliminary immunologic properties of di-/trisaccharide-conjugates related to Bacillus anthracis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 76:128986. [PMID: 36113670 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the di- and trisaccharide mimics of the hexasaccharide antigen related to Bacillus anthracis were synthesized and covalently coupled with carrier proteins, such as keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and bovine serum albumin (BSA), to form the corresponding glycoconjugates 1-6. 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-benzyl thioglycoside and 2-deoxyl-2-phthalylamino-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl thioglycoside were applied as glycosyl donors to guarantee α or β-configuration of the newly formed glycosidic bonds. Glutaraldehyde was used as a homobifunctional cross-linker for high-efficiency coupling. The synthetic KLH-glycoconjugates 2, 4 and 6 were also used to vaccinate female Balb/c mice and the preliminary results of ELISA uncovered that all three KLH-conjugates could induce immune responses and generate oligosaccharide-specific total IgG antibodies. The trisaccharide 8, the glycosyl part of glycoconjugate 4, is of great immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhuo
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Yan Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chai
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qiuye Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shichong Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Weihua Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China.
| | - Qingjie Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
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5
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Wang Z, Enotarpi J, Buffi G, Pezzicoli A, Gstöttner CJ, Nicolardi S, Balducci E, Fabbrini M, Romano MR, van der Marel GA, del Bino L, Adamo R, Codée JDC. Chemical Synthesis and Immunological Evaluation of Fragments of the Multiantennary Group-Specific Polysaccharide of Group B Streptococcus. JACS AU 2022; 2:1724-1735. [PMID: 35911445 PMCID: PMC9327088 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a Gram-positive bacterium and the most common cause of neonatal blood and brain infections. At least 10 different serotypes exist, that are characterized by their different capsular polysaccharides. The Group B carbohydrate (GBC) is shared by all serotypes and therefore attractive be used in a glycoconjugate vaccine. The GBC is a highly complex multiantennary structure, composed of rhamnose rich oligosaccharides interspaced with glucitol phosphates. We here report the development of a convergent approach to assemble a pentamer, octamer, and tridecamer fragment of the termini of the antennae. Phosphoramidite chemistry was used to fuse the pentamer and octamer fragments to deliver the 13-mer GBC oligosaccharide. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the generated fragments confirmed the structures of the naturally occurring polysaccharide. The fragments were used to generate model glycoconjugate vaccine by coupling with CRM197. Immunization of mice delivered sera that was shown to be capable of recognizing different GBS strains. The antibodies raised using the 13-mer conjugate were shown to recognize the bacteria best and the serum raised against this GBC fragment-mediated opsonophagocytic killing best, but in a capsule dependent manner. Overall, the GBC 13-mer was identified to be a highly promising antigen for incorporation into future (multicomponent) anti-GBS vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacopo Enotarpi
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Giada Buffi
- GSK
Siena Italy, Via Fiorentina
1 Siena 53100, Italy
| | | | - Christoph J. Gstöttner
- Center
for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden
University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Nicolardi
- Center
for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden
University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Roberto Adamo
- GSK
Siena Italy, Via Fiorentina
1 Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Jeroen D. C. Codée
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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6
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Del Bino L, Østerlid KE, Wu DY, Nonne F, Romano MR, Codée J, Adamo R. Synthetic Glycans to Improve Current Glycoconjugate Vaccines and Fight Antimicrobial Resistance. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15672-15716. [PMID: 35608633 PMCID: PMC9614730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is emerging as the next potential pandemic. Different microorganisms, including the bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii, Clostridioides difficile, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, non-typhoidal Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus, and the fungus Candida auris, have been identified by the WHO and CDC as urgent or serious AMR threats. Others, such as group A and B Streptococci, are classified as concerning threats. Glycoconjugate vaccines have been demonstrated to be an efficacious and cost-effective measure to combat infections against Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and, more recently, Salmonella typhi. Recent times have seen enormous progress in methodologies for the assembly of complex glycans and glycoconjugates, with developments in synthetic, chemoenzymatic, and glycoengineering methodologies. This review analyzes the advancement of glycoconjugate vaccines based on synthetic carbohydrates to improve existing vaccines and identify novel candidates to combat AMR. Through this literature survey we built an overview of structure-immunogenicity relationships from available data and identify gaps and areas for further research to better exploit the peculiar role of carbohydrates as vaccine targets and create the next generation of synthetic carbohydrate-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kitt Emilie Østerlid
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dung-Yeh Wu
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jeroen Codée
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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7
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Zhang H, Wang X, Meng Y, Yang X, Zhao Q, Gao J. Total Synthesis of the Tetrasaccharide Haptens of Vibrio vulnificus MO6-24 and BO62316 and Immunological Evaluation of Their Protein Conjugates. JACS AU 2022; 2:97-108. [PMID: 35098226 PMCID: PMC8790746 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio vulnificus is a human pathogen that can cause fatal septicemia and necrotizing infections with a high lethal rate exceeding 50%. V. vulnificus MO6-24 and BO62316 are two predominant virulent strains associated with approximately one-third of the clinical infections. The capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) of V. vulnificus consist of several structurally unique sugars and are excellent targets for developing effective glycoconjugate vaccines. This article describes the first total synthesis of the challenging tetrasaccharide repeating units of V. vulnificus MO6-24 and BO62316 CPSs. A key feature of this synthesis was the assembly of the tetrasaccharide skeleton using a 3,4-branched trisaccharide as the glycosyl donor. A modified TEMPO/BAIB oxidation protocol was developed to directly convert α-d-GalN into α-d-GalAN in not only disaccharides but also tri- and tetrasaccharides. The synthetic haptens were covalently coupled with CRM197 carrier protein via a bifunctional linker. Preliminary immunological studies of the resultant glycoconjugates in mice revealed their high efficacy to induce robust T-cell-dependent immune responses, and the IgG antibodies elicited by each glycoconjugate showed weak cross-reactivity with the other synthetic tetrasaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry
and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation
of Carbohydrate-based Medicine, Shandong
University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry
and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation
of Carbohydrate-based Medicine, Shandong
University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Youhui Meng
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry
and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation
of Carbohydrate-based Medicine, Shandong
University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry
and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation
of Carbohydrate-based Medicine, Shandong
University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Qingpeng Zhao
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry
and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation
of Carbohydrate-based Medicine, Shandong
University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Jian Gao
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry
and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation
of Carbohydrate-based Medicine, Shandong
University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
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8
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Basu N, Ghosh R. Recent chemical syntheses of bacteria related oligosaccharides using modern expeditious approaches. Carbohydr Res 2021; 507:108295. [PMID: 34271477 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Apart from some essential and crucial roles in life processes carbohydrates also are involved in a few detrimental courses of action related to human health, like infections by pathogenic microbes, cancer metastasis, transplanted tissue rejection, etc. Regarding management of pathogenesis by microbes, keeping in mind of multi drug-resistant bacteria and epidemic or endemic incidents, preventive measure by vaccination is the best pathway as also recommended by the WHO; by vaccination, eradication of bacterial diseases is also possible. Although some valid vaccines based on attenuated bacterial cells or isolated pure polysaccharide-antigens or the corresponding conjugates thereof are available in the market for prevention of several bacterial diseases, but these are not devoid of some disadvantages also. In order to develop improved conjugate T-cell dependent vaccines oligosaccharides related to bacterial antigens are synthesized and converted to the corresponding carrier protein conjugates. Marketed Cuban Quimi-Hib is such a vaccine being used since 2004 to resist Haemophilus influenza b infections. During nearly the past two decades research is going on worldwide for improved synthesis of bacteria related oligosaccharides or polysaccharides towards development of such semisynthetic or synthetic glycoconjugate vaccines. The present dissertation is an endeavour to encompass the recent syntheses of several pathogenic bacterial oligosaccharides or polysaccharides, made during the past ten-eleven years with special reference to modern expeditious syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabamita Basu
- Department of Chemistry, Nabagram Hiralal Paul College, Konnagar, Hoogly, West Bengal, 712246, India
| | - Rina Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India.
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9
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Karimi Alavijeh M, Meyer AS, Gras SL, Kentish SE. Synthesis of N-Acetyllactosamine and N-Acetyllactosamine-Based Bioactives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:7501-7525. [PMID: 34152750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
N-Acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) or more specifically β-d-galactopyranosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-d-glucosamine is a unique acyl-amino sugar and a key structural unit in human milk oligosaccharides, an antigen component of many glycoproteins, and an antiviral active component for the development of effective drugs against viruses. LacNAc is useful itself and as a basic building block for producing various bioactive oligosaccharides, notably because this synthesis may be used to add value to dairy lactose. Despite a significant amount of information in the literature on the benefits, structures, and types of different LacNAc-derived oligosaccharides, knowledge about their effective synthesis for large-scale production is still in its infancy. This work provides a comprehensive analysis of existing production strategies for LacNAc and important LacNAc-based structures, including sialylated LacNAc as well as poly- and oligo-LacNAc. We conclude that direct extraction from milk is too complex, while chemical synthesis is also impractical at an industrial scale. Microbial routes have application when multiple step reactions are needed, but the major route to large-scale biochemical production will likely lie with enzymatic routes, particularly those using β-galactosidases (for LacNAc synthesis), sialidases (for sialylated LacNAc synthesis), and β-N-acetylhexosaminidases (for oligo-LacNAc synthesis). Glycosyltransferases, especially for the biosynthesis of extended complex LacNAc structures, could also play a major role in the future. In these cases, immobilization of the enzyme can increase stability and reduce cost. Processing parameters, such as substrate concentration and purity, acceptor/donor ratio, water activity, and temperature, can affect product selectivity and yield. More work is needed to optimize these reaction parameters and in the development of robust, thermally stable enzymes to facilitate commercial production of these important bioactive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Karimi Alavijeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - A S Meyer
- Protein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology Division, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - S L Gras
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - S E Kentish
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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10
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MacCalman TE, Phillips-Jones MK, Harding SE. Glycoconjugate vaccines: some observations on carrier and production methods. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2020; 35:93-125. [PMID: 32048549 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2019.1703614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Glycoconjugate vaccines use protein carriers to improve the immune response to polysaccharide antigens. The protein component allows the vaccine to interact with T cells, providing a stronger and longer-lasting immune response than a polysaccharide interacting with B cells alone. Whilst in theory the mere presence of a protein component in a vaccine should be sufficient to improve vaccine efficacy, the extent of improvement varies. In the present review, a comparison of the performances of vaccines developed with and without a protein carrier are presented. The usefulness of analytical tools for macromolecular integrity assays, in particular nuclear magnetic resonance, circular dichroism, analytical ultracentrifugation and SEC coupled to multi-angle light scattering (MALS) is indicated. Although we focus mainly on bacterial capsular polysaccharide-protein vaccines, some consideration is also given to research on experimental cancer vaccines using zwitterionic polysaccharides which, unusually for polysaccharides, are able to invoke T-cell responses and have been used in the development of potential all-polysaccharide-based cancer vaccines.A general trend of improved immunogenicity for glycoconjugate vaccines is described. Since the immunogenicity of a vaccine will also depend on carrier protein type and the way in which it has been linked to polysaccharide, the effects of different carrier proteins and production methods are also reviewed. We suggest that, in general, there is no single best carrier for use in glycoconjugate vaccines. This indicates that the choice of carrier protein is optimally made on a case-by-case basis, based on what generates the best immune response and can be produced safely in each individual case.Abbreviations: AUC: analytical ultracentrifugation; BSA: bovine serum albumin; CD: circular dichroism spectroscopy; CPS: capsular polysaccharide; CRM197: Cross Reactive Material 197; DT: diphtheria toxoid; Hib: Haemophilius influenzae type b; MALS: multi-angle light scattering; Men: Neisseria menigitidis; MHC-II: major histocompatibility complex class II; NMR: nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; OMP: outer membrane protein; PRP: polyribosyl ribitol phosphate; PSA: Polysaccharide A1; Sa: Salmonella; St.: Streptococcus; SEC: size exclusion chromatography; Sta: Staphylococcus; TT: tetanus toxoid; ZPS: zwitterionic polysaccharide(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E MacCalman
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mary K Phillips-Jones
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Stephen E Harding
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Kulturhistorisk Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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11
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Liu DM, Wang HL, Lei JC, Zhou XY, Yang JS. A Highly α-Stereoselective Sialylation Method Using 4-O
-4-Nitropicoloyl Thiosialoside Donor. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province; Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology; West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; 610041 Chengdu China
| | - Hong-Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province; Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology; West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; 610041 Chengdu China
| | - Jin-Cai Lei
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province; Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology; West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; 610041 Chengdu China
| | - Xian-Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province; Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology; West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; 610041 Chengdu China
| | - Jin-Song Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province; Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology; West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; 610041 Chengdu China
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12
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Del Bino L, Calloni I, Oldrini D, Raso MM, Cuffaro R, Ardá A, Codée JDC, Jiménez‐Barbero J, Adamo R. Regioselective Glycosylation Strategies for the Synthesis of Group Ia and Ib Streptococcus Related Glycans Enable Elucidating Unique Conformations of the Capsular Polysaccharides. Chemistry 2019; 25:16277-16287. [PMID: 31506992 PMCID: PMC6972993 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Group B Streptococcus serotypes Ia and Ib capsular polysaccharides are key targets for vaccine development. In spite of their immunospecifity these polysaccharides share high structural similarity. Both are composed of the same monosaccharide residues and differ only in the connection of the Neu5Acα2-3Gal side chain to the GlcNAc unit, which is a β1-4 linkage in serotype Ia and a β1-3 linkage in serotype Ib. The development of efficient regioselective routes for GlcNAcβ1-3[Glcβ1-4]Gal synthons is described, which give access to different group B Streptococcus (GBS) Ia and Ib repeating unit frameshifts. These glycans were used to probe the conformation and molecular dynamics of the two polysaccharides, highlighting the different presentation of the protruding Neu5Acα2-3Gal moieties on the polysaccharide backbones and a higher flexibility of Ib polymer relative to Ia, which can impact epitope exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilaria Calloni
- CIC bioGUNEBizkaia Technology Park, Building 80048160DerioSpain
| | | | | | | | - Ana Ardá
- CIC bioGUNEBizkaia Technology Park, Building 80048160DerioSpain
| | - Jeroen D. C. Codée
- Department of Bioorganic SynthesisLeiden University2333LeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Jesús Jiménez‐Barbero
- CIC bioGUNEBizkaia Technology Park, Building 80048160DerioSpain
- Basque Foundation for Science IKERBASQUE8009BilbaoSpain
- Department of Organic Chemistry IIFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of the Basque Country48940LeioaSpain
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13
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Bandara MD, Stine KJ, Demchenko AV. Chemical Synthesis of Human Milk Oligosaccharides: Lacto- N-hexaose Galβ1→3GlcNAcβ1→3 [Galβ1→4GlcNAcβ1→6] Galβ1→4Glc. J Org Chem 2019; 84:16192-16198. [PMID: 31749363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The first synthesis of lacto-N-hexaose (LNH) has been completed using a convergent strategy. The donor-acceptor protecting-leaving group combinations were found to be of paramount significance for achieving successful glycosylations and minimizing side reactions. Lacto-N-tetraose, another common human milk oligosaccharide, was also obtained en route to the target LNH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithila D Bandara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard , St. Louis , Missouri 63121 , United States
| | - Keith J Stine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard , St. Louis , Missouri 63121 , United States
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard , St. Louis , Missouri 63121 , United States
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14
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Liu H, Hansen T, Zhou SY, Wen GE, Liu XX, Zhang QJ, Codée JDC, Schmidt RR, Sun JS. Dual-Participation Protecting Group Solves the Anomeric Stereocontrol Problems in Glycosylation Reactions. Org Lett 2019; 21:8713-8717. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Thomas Hansen
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Si-Yu Zhou
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Guo-En Wen
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Xu-Xue Liu
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Qing-Ju Zhang
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Jeroen D. C. Codée
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Richard R. Schmidt
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jian-Song Sun
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China
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15
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Bandara MD, Stine KJ, Demchenko AV. The chemical synthesis of human milk oligosaccharides: Lacto-N-neotetraose (Galβ1→4GlcNAcβ1→3Galβ1→4Glc). Carbohydr Res 2019; 483:107743. [PMID: 31319351 PMCID: PMC6717531 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.107743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of innovative methods that offer new capabilities for obtaining individual oligosaccharides from human milk will help to improve understanding their roles and boost practical applications. The total chemical synthesis of lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) has been completed using both linear and convergent strategies. The donor and acceptor protecting and leaving group combinations were found to be of paramount significance to successful couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithila D Bandara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri - St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, 63121, USA
| | - Keith J Stine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri - St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, 63121, USA
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri - St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, 63121, USA.
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16
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Liao G, Guo J, Yang D, Zhou Z, Liu Z, Guo Z. Synthesis of a dimer of the repeating unit of type Ia Group B Streptococcus extracellular capsular polysaccharide and immunological evaluations of related protein conjugates. Org Chem Front 2019; 6:2833-2838. [PMID: 32274071 PMCID: PMC7144420 DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00486f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Type Ia group B Streptococcus (GBS) is one of the major causes of fatal infections in neonates. Its extracellular capsular polysaccharide (CPS) is a useful target for the development of anti-type Ia GBS vaccines. To explore the structure-activity relationships of type Ia GBS CPS and design more effective vaccines, a dimer of the branched pentasaccharide repeating unit of this CPS was synthesized by a highly convergent strategy highlighted by constructing the key intermediate via one-pot iterative glycosylation and imposing two side chains in one step via dual glycosylation. This represented the first total synthesis of a dimer of the repeating unit of any GBS CPS reported so far and the strategy should be applicable to higher oligomers of this repeating unit. The synthetic dimer and its monomeric analog were coupled with CRM197 carrier protein to generate conjugates that were evaluated in mice. Immunological results revealed that both carbohydrate antigens could induce robust total and IgG antibody responses and the elicited antibodies were cross-reactive with both carbohydrate antigens. It was concluded that both the monomeric and the dimeric repeating units may be employed as haptens for anti-type Ia GBS vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guochao Liao
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Jiatong Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Deying Yang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhifang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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17
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Zhang H, Shao L, Wang X, Zhang Y, Guo Z, Gao J. One-Pot Synthesis of the Repeating Unit of Type VII Group B Streptococcus Polysaccharide and the Dimer. Org Lett 2019; 21:2374-2377. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Liming Shao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jian Gao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
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18
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Zhang H, Zhou S, Zhao Y, Gao J. Chemical synthesis of the dimeric repeating unit of type Ia group BStreptococcuscapsular polysaccharide. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:5839-5848. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01024f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first synthesis of the dimeric repeating unit of type Ia GBS CPS containing two sialotrisaccharide side chains and adjacent 3,4-di-branched Gal motifs was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology
- Shandong University
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Shihao Zhou
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology
- Shandong University
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Ying Zhao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology
- Shandong University
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Jian Gao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology
- Shandong University
- Qingdao
- China
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19
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Nagornaya MO, Orlova AV, Stepanova EV, Zinin AI, Laptinskaya TV, Kononov LO. The use of the novel glycosyl acceptor and supramer analysis in the synthesis of sialyl-α(2-3)-galactose building block. Carbohydr Res 2018; 470:27-35. [PMID: 30343245 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A new glycosyl acceptor to be used in sialylation was designed as a 3-hydroxy derivative of 4-methoxyphenyl β-d-galactopyranoside with 2-O-acetyl group and O-4 and O-6 protected as benzylidene acetal. Two alternative syntheses of this compound were compared. Sialylation of 3-OH group of the glycosyl acceptor with O-chloroacetylated N-trifluoroacetylneuraminic acid phenyl thioglycoside (NIS, TfOH, MeCN, MS 3 Å, -40 °C) was studied in a wide concentration range (5-150 mmol L-1). The outcome of sialylation generally followed the predictions of supramer analysis of solutions of sialyl donor in MeCN, which was performed by polarimetry and static light scattering and revealed two concentration ranges differing in solution structure and the structures of supramers of glycosyl donor. The optimized conditions of sialylation (C = 50 mmol L-1) were used to synthesize protected Neu-α(2-3)-Gal disaccharide (78%, α:β = 13:1), which was then converted to sialyl-α(2-3)-galactose imidate building block useful for the synthesis of complex sialo-oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina O Nagornaya
- School of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation; N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prosp., 47, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anna V Orlova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prosp., 47, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena V Stepanova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prosp., 47, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation; Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander I Zinin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prosp., 47, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana V Laptinskaya
- Faculty of Physics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119992, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Leonid O Kononov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prosp., 47, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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20
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Colombo C, Pitirollo O, Lay L. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Glycoconjugates for Vaccine Development. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071712. [PMID: 30011851 PMCID: PMC6099631 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last decade there has been a growing interest in glycoimmunology, a relatively new research field dealing with the specific interactions of carbohydrates with the immune system. Pathogens’ cell surfaces are covered by a thick layer of oligo- and polysaccharides that are crucial virulence factors, as they mediate receptors binding on host cells for initial adhesion and organism invasion. Since in most cases these saccharide structures are uniquely exposed on the pathogen surface, they represent attractive targets for vaccine design. Polysaccharides isolated from cell walls of microorganisms and chemically conjugated to immunogenic proteins have been used as antigens for vaccine development for a range of infectious diseases. However, several challenges are associated with carbohydrate antigens purified from natural sources, such as their difficult characterization and heterogeneous composition. Consequently, glycoconjugates with chemically well-defined structures, that are able to confer highly reproducible biological properties and a better safety profile, are at the forefront of vaccine development. Following on from our previous review on the subject, in the present account we specifically focus on the most recent advances in the synthesis and preliminary immunological evaluation of next generation glycoconjugate vaccines designed to target bacterial and fungal infections that have been reported in the literature since 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Colombo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Olimpia Pitirollo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Luigi Lay
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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21
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Shao L, Zhang H, Li Y, Gu G, Cai F, Guo Z, Gao J. Chemical Synthesis of the Repeating Unit of Type II Group B Streptococcus Capsular Polysaccharide. J Org Chem 2018; 83:5920-5930. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Shao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Han Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Yaoyao Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Guofeng Gu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Feng Cai
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jian Gao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
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22
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Abstract
Investigations of methodologies aimed on improving the stereoselective synthesis of sialosides and the efficient assembly of sialic acid glycoconjugates has been the mission of dedicated research groups from the late 1960s. This review presents major accomplishments in the field, with the emphasis on significant breakthroughs and influential synthetic strategies of the last decade.
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23
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Li Q, Guo Z. Synthesis of the Cancer-Associated KH-1 Antigen by Block Assembly of Its Backbone Structure Followed by One-Step Grafting of Three Fucose Residues. Org Lett 2017; 19:6558-6561. [PMID: 29185761 PMCID: PMC6000830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A robust, convergent, and efficient strategy was developed for the synthesis of the nonasaccharide cancer antigen KH-1. This strategy featured a one-pot block assembly of the linear hexasaccharide backbone using three disaccharides followed by grafting of three fucose residues onto the backbone in one step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjiang Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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24
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Synthesis and Evaluation of GM2-Monophosphoryl Lipid A Conjugate as a Fully Synthetic Self-Adjuvant Cancer Vaccine. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11403. [PMID: 28900154 PMCID: PMC5595996 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11500-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient method was developed for the synthesis of a GM2 derivative suitable for the conjugation with various biomolecules. This GM2 derivative was covalently linked to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) to form novel therapeutic cancer vaccines. Immunological evaluations of the resultant conjugates in mice revealed that they elicited robust GM2-specific overall and IgG antibody responses. Moreover, the GM2-MPLA conjugate was disclosed to elicit strong immune responses without the use of an adjuvant, proving its self-adjuvant property. The antisera of both conjugates showed strong binding and mediated similarly effective complement-dependent cytotoxicity to GM2-expressing cancer cell line MCF-7. Based on these results, it was concluded that both GM2-MPLA and GM2-KLH are promising candidates as therapeutic cancer vaccines, whereas fully synthetic GM2-MPLA, which has homogeneous and well-defined structure and self-adjuvant property, deserves more attention and studies.
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Gao J, Guo Z. Chemical Synthesis of the Repeating Unit of Type V Group B Streptococcus Capsular Polysaccharide. Org Lett 2016; 18:5552-5555. [PMID: 27809549 PMCID: PMC5645073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The first chemical synthesis of the heptasaccharide repeating unit of type V group B Streptococcus capsular polysaccharide (CPS) by a preactivation-based one-pot [2 + 1 + 4] glycosylation strategy is described. The synthetic efficiency was further improved by using diol glycosyl acceptors for regio-/stereoselective glycosylation reactions. The synthetic target contains a free amino group at the reducing end, facilitating additional regioselective elaboration. The results should be useful for synthetic and biological studies of related CPSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 29 Shanda Nan Lu, Jinan 250010, China
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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