1
|
Sporopollenin-inspired design and synthesis of robust polymeric materials. Commun Chem 2022; 5:110. [PMID: 36697794 PMCID: PMC9814627 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00729-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sporopollenin is a mechanically robust and chemically inert biopolymer that constitutes the outer protective exine layer of plant spores and pollen grains. Recent investigation of the molecular structure of pine sporopollenin revealed unique monomeric units and inter-unit linkages distinct from other previously known biopolymers, which could be harnessed for new material design. Herein, we report the bioinspired synthesis of a series of sporopollenin analogues. This exercise confirms large portions of our previously proposed pine sporopollenin structural model, while the measured chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the synthetic sporopollenins constitute favorable attributes of a new kind of robust material. This study explores a new design framework of robust materials inspired by natural sporopollenins, and provides insights and reagents for future elucidation and engineering of sporopollenin biosynthesis in plants.
Collapse
|
2
|
Subramanian L, Leema M, Pradeep NS, Joy B, Pillai ZS. Synthesis and Antibacterial Screening of Novel Derivatives of Embelin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/310/1/012115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
3
|
Miller SA, Bobbitt JM, Leadbeater NE. Oxidation of terminal diols using an oxoammonium salt: a systematic study. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:2817-2822. [PMID: 28281712 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00039a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A systematic study of the oxidation of a range of terminal diols is reported, employing the oxoammonium salt 4-acetamido-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxoammonium tetrafluoroborate (4-NHAc-TEMPO+ BF4-) as the oxidant. For substrates bearing a hydrocarbon chain of seven carbon atoms or more, the sole product is the dialdehyde. A series of post-oxidation reactions have been performed showing that the product mixture resulting from the oxidation step can be taken on directly to a subsequent transformation. For diols containing four to six carbon atoms, the lactone product is the major product upon oxidation. In the case of 1,2-ethanediol and 1,3-propanediol, when using a 1 : 0.5 stoichiometric ratio of substrate to oxidant, the corresponding monoaldehyde is formed which reacts rapidly with further diol to yield the acetal product. This is of particular synthetic value given both the difficulty of their preparation using other approaches and also their potential application in further reaction chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shelli A Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269 USA.
| | - James M Bobbitt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269 USA.
| | - Nicholas E Leadbeater
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269 USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Asha A, Mohan AS, Suma S, Sudarsanakumar M, Kurup MP. Facile synthesis and spectral characterization of 2, 5-bis (cyclohexylamino)-1, 4-benzoquinone polymorphs from methyl and ethyl protocatechuic aldehydes. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.03.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
5
|
The evaluation of 1,4-benzoquinones as inhibitors of human monoamine oxidase. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 135:196-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
6
|
Ibis C, Sahinler Ayla S, Cakan K. The Synthesis, Spectral, and Electrochemical Characterization of Novel Alkoxybenzoquinone Derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cemil Ibis
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering; Istanbul University; 34320, Avcilar Istanbul Turkey
| | - Sibel Sahinler Ayla
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering; Istanbul University; 34320, Avcilar Istanbul Turkey
| | - Kadriye Cakan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering; Istanbul University; 34320, Avcilar Istanbul Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hussain H, Al-Harrasi A, Green IR, Abbas G, Ahmed I. Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Biology of Natural Dimeric Quinones. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63462-7.00010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
8
|
Lv L, Shen B, Li Z. Total Synthesis of (±)-Clavilactones A, B, and Proposed D through Iron-Catalyzed Carbonylation-Peroxidation of Olefin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:4164-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201400326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
9
|
Lv L, Shen B, Li Z. Total Synthesis of (±)-Clavilactones A, B, and Proposed D through Iron-Catalyzed Carbonylation-Peroxidation of Olefin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201400326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
10
|
|
11
|
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C. Nawrat
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Moody
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Padwal J, Lewis W, Moody CJ. Synthesis of Balsaminone A, a Naturally Occurring Pentacyclic Dinaphthofuran Quinone. J Org Chem 2011; 76:8082-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo201395n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jalindar Padwal
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Christopher J. Moody
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nawrat CC, Lewis W, Moody CJ. Synthesis of Amino-1,4-benzoquinones and Their Use in Diels–Alder Approaches to the Aminonaphthoquinone Antibiotics. J Org Chem 2011; 76:7872-81. [PMID: 21866924 DOI: 10.1021/jo201320g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C. Nawrat
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Christopher J. Moody
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lucas CL, Lygo B, Blake AJ, Lewis W, Moody CJ. Regioselectivity of the Claisen rearrangement in meta-allyloxy aryl ketones: an experimental and computational study, and application in the synthesis of (R)-(-)-pestalotheol D. Chemistry 2011; 17:1972-8. [PMID: 21274949 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A study of the regioselectivity of the Claisen rearrangement of meta-allyloxy aryl ketones showed that the electron-withdrawing carbonyl group has a major influence and strongly directs rearrangement to the more hindered ortho position. However, when the ketone is part of a ring structure, its electronic effect can be negated by conversion into its triisopropylsilyl enol ether, which dramatically reverses the regiochemistry of the Claisen rearrangement. DFT calculations suggest that the effect is electronic although there is also a steric effect of the bulky silyl group. This strategy for influencing the regiochemical outcome of the Claisen rearrangement was then employed in a short synthesis of the furo[2,3-g]chromene, (-)-pestalotheol D, that confirms the absolute stereochemistry of the natural product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Lucas
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bruder M, Smith SJ, Blake AJ, Moody CJ. Synthesis of (±)-likonide B (smenochromene D) using a regioselective Claisen rearrangement, separation of the enantiomers and stereochemical assignment. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:2127-34. [DOI: 10.1039/b901358j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|