A Triarylphosphine Ligand Bearing Dodeca(ethylene glycol) Chains: Enhanced Efficiency in the Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki−Miyaura Coupling Reaction

Visible-light-induced ligand-free RuCl3 catalyzed C-H phosphorylation in water

Visible-light-induced C-H phosphorylation of para-C_Ar-H and heteroarenes was realized using cost-effective RuCl₃ as a catalyst. The reaction conditions are green and environmentally friendly, using water as a solvent at room temperature and without ligands. A broad range of highly functional organophosphorus compounds were obtained via a cross-dehydrogenation-coupling (CDC) reaction. In addition, we also proved that RuCl₃ is a photocatalyst via its absorption spectrum and on/off light experiments.

Direct catalytic transformation of white phosphorus into arylphosphines and phosphonium salts

Phosphorus compounds are ubiquitous in the chemical sciences, finding applications throughout industry and academia. Of particular interest to synthetic chemists are organophosphorus compounds, which contain P-C bonds. However, state-of-the-art processes for the synthesis of these important materials rely on an inefficient, stepwise methodology involving initial oxidation of white phosphorus (P₄) with hazardous chlorine gas and the subsequent displacement of chloride ions. Catalytic P₄ organofunctionalisation reactions have remained elusive, as they require multiple P-P bond breaking and P-C bond formation events to break down the P₄ core, all of which must occur in a controlled manner. Herein, we describe an efficient transition metal-catalyzed process capable of forming P-C bonds from P₄. Using blue light photocatalysis, this method directly affords valuable triarylphosphines and tetraarylphosphonium salts in a single reaction step.

Palladacycles of sulfated and selenated Schiff bases of ferrocene-carboxaldehyde as catalysts for O-arylation and Suzuki–Miyaura coupling

Palladacycles of Schiff-bases having a ferrocene core catalyze O-arylation of ArBr and Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of ArBr/Cl with a yield up to 93%.

In situ generated and stabilized Pd nanoparticles by N2,N4,N6-tridodecyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine (TDTAT) as a reactive and efficient catalyst for the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction in water

The Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction was efficiently catalyzed by the in situ generated and stabilized Pd nanoparticles employing TDTAT in water.

N-Heterocyclic carbene ligands bearing poly(ethylene glycol) chains: effect of the chain length on palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions employing aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbenes bearing poly(ethylene glycol) chains of different lengths have been employed as ligands in palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions of aryl chlorides.

Highly active thiol-functionalized SBA-15 supported palladium catalyst for Sonogashira and Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions

SBA-15 supported heterogeneous Pd-catalyst was prepared and applied towards Sonogashira and Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of activated and inactivated aryl halides to give the corresponding coupling products in up to 98% yield.

NiXantphos: a deprotonatable ligand for room-temperature palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings of aryl chlorides

Although the past 15 years have witnessed the development of sterically bulky and electron-rich alkylphosphine ligands for palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings with aryl chlorides, examples of palladium catalysts based on either triarylphosphine or bidentate phosphine ligands for efficient room temperature cross-coupling reactions with unactivated aryl chlorides are rare. Herein we report a palladium catalyst based on NiXantphos, a deprotonatable chelating aryldiphosphine ligand, to oxidatively add unactivated aryl chlorides at room temperature. Surprisingly, comparison of an extensive array of ligands revealed that under the basic reaction conditions the resultant heterobimetallic Pd–NiXantphos catalyst system outperformed all the other mono- and bidentate ligands in a deprotonative cross-coupling process (DCCP) with aryl chlorides. The DCCP with aryl chlorides affords a variety of triarylmethane products, a class of compounds with various applications and interesting biological activity. Additionally, the DCCP exhibits remarkable chemoselectivity in the presence of aryl chloride substrates bearing heteroaryl groups and sensitive functional groups that are known to undergo 1,2-addition, aldol reaction, and O-, N-, enolate-α-, and C(sp²)–H arylations. The advantages and importance of the Pd–NiXantphos catalyst system outlined herein make it a valuable contribution for applications in Pd-catalyzed arylation reactions with aryl chlorides.