1
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Bright SA, Erby M, Poynton FE, Monteyne D, Pérez-Morga D, Gunnlaugsson T, Williams DC, Elmes RBP. Tracking the cellular uptake and phototoxicity of Ru(ii)-polypyridyl-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger's base conjugates. RSC Chem Biol 2024; 5:344-359. [PMID: 38576718 PMCID: PMC10989513 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00206c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium(ii) complexes are attracting significant research attention as a promising class of photosensitizers (PSs) in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Having previously reported the synthesis of two novel Ru(ii)-polypyridyl-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger's base compounds 1 and 2 with interesting photophysical properties, where the emission from either the Ru(ii) polypyridyl centres or the naphthalimide moieties could be used to monitor binding to nucleic acids, we sought to use these compounds to investigate further and in more detail their biological profiling, which included unravelling their mechanism of cellular uptake, cellular trafficking and cellular responses to photoexcitation. Here we demonstrate that these compounds undergo rapid time dependent uptake in HeLa cells that involved energy dependent, caveolae and lipid raft-dependent mediated endocytosis, as demonstrated by confocal imaging, and transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Following endocytosis, both compounds were shown to localise to mostly lysosomal and Golgi apparatus compartments with some accumulation in mitochondria but no localisation was found to the nucleus. Upon photoactivation, the compounds increased ROS production and induced ROS-dependent apoptotic cell death. The photo-activated compounds subsequently induced DNA damage and altered tubulin, but not actin structures, which was likely to be an indirect effect of ROS production and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, by changing the concentration of the compounds or the laser used to illuminate the cells, the mechanism of cell death could be changed from apoptosis to necrosis. This is the first detailed biological study of Ru(ii)-polypyridyl Tröger's bases and clearly suggests caveolae-dependent endocytosis is responsible for cell uptake - this may also explain the lack of nuclear uptake for these compounds and similar results observed for other Ru(ii)-polypyridyl complexes. These conjugates are potential candidates for further development as PDT agents and may also be useful in mechanistic studies on cell uptake and trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra A Bright
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin 2 Ireland +353 1 8962596
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland +353 1 8963459
| | - MariaLuisa Erby
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin 2 Ireland +353 1 8962596
| | - Fergus E Poynton
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland +353 1 8963459
| | - Daniel Monteyne
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie Moléculaire, IBMM-DBM Université Libre de Bruxelles Gosselies Belgium
| | - David Pérez-Morga
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie Moléculaire, IBMM-DBM Université Libre de Bruxelles Gosselies Belgium
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging CMMI Université Libre de Bruxelles Gosselies Belgium
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland +353 1 8963459
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), University of Limerick Ireland
| | - D Clive Williams
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin 2 Ireland +353 1 8962596
| | - Robert B P Elmes
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), University of Limerick Ireland
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland +353 1708 4615
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland
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2
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Korzec M, Kotowicz S, Malarz K, Mrozek-Wilczkiewicz A. Spectroscopic and Biological Properties of the 3-Imino-1,8-naphthalimide Derivatives as Fluorophores for Cellular Imaging. Molecules 2023; 28:6255. [PMID: 37687082 PMCID: PMC10488415 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the photophysical and biological properties of eight 3-imino-1,8-naphthalimides. The optical properties of the compounds were investigated in the solvents that differed in their polarity (dichloromethane, acetonitrile, and methanol), including three methods of sample preparation using different pre-dissolving solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide or chloroform. In the course of the research, it was found that there are strong interactions between the tested compounds and DMSO, which was visible as a change in the maximum emission band (λem) of the neat 3-imino-1,8-naphthalimides (λem = 470-480 nm) and between the compounds and DMSO (λem = 504-514 nm). The shift of the emission maximum that was associated with the presence of a small amount of DMSO in the sample was as much as 41 nm. In addition, the susceptibility of imines to hydrolysis in the methanol/water mixture with increasing water content and in the methanol/water mixture (v/v; 1:1) in the pH range from 1 to 12 was discussed. The studies showed that the compounds are hydrolysed in the CH3OH/H2O system in an acidic environment (pH in the range of 1 to 4). In addition, it was found that partial hydrolysis occurs in systems with an increased amount of water, and its degree may depend on the type of substituent on the imine bond. The compounds tended to quench the emission (ACQ) in the aggregated state and increase the emission related to the protonation of the imine bond. Moreover, it was found that the substituent in the imine bonds influenced a compound's individual photophysical properties. Biological tests, including cytotoxicity studies and cellular localisation, were also performed for all of the molecules. All of the tested compounds exhibited green fluorescence in the MCF-7 cells and showed co-localisation in the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and lysosome. The obtained photophysical and biological results indicate the promising potential use of the tested compounds as cellular dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Korzec
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Sonia Kotowicz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Malarz
- August Chelkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 1A 75 Pułku Piechoty Str., 41-500 Chorzow, Poland; (K.M.); (A.M.-W.)
| | - Anna Mrozek-Wilczkiewicz
- August Chelkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 1A 75 Pułku Piechoty Str., 41-500 Chorzow, Poland; (K.M.); (A.M.-W.)
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3
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Mahmood R, Mananquil T, Scenna R, Dennis ES, Castillo-Rodriguez J, Koivisto BD. Light-Driven Energy and Charge Transfer Processes between Additives within Electrospun Nanofibres. Molecules 2023; 28:4857. [PMID: 37375412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning is a cost-effective and efficient method of producing polymeric nanofibre films. The resulting nanofibres can be produced in a variety of structures, including monoaxial, coaxial (core@shell), and Janus (side-by-side). The resulting fibres can also act as a matrix for various light-harvesting components such as dye molecules, nanoparticles, and quantum dots. The addition of these light-harvesting materials allows for various photo-driven processes to occur within the films. This review discusses the process of electrospinning as well as the effect of spinning parameters on resulting fibres. Building on this, we discuss energy transfer processes that have been explored in nanofibre films, such as Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF), and upconversion. A charge transfer process, photoinduced electron transfer (PET), is also discussed. This review highlights various candidate molecules that have been used for photo-responsive processes in electrospun films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reeda Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Tristan Mananquil
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Rebecca Scenna
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Emma S Dennis
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Judith Castillo-Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Bryan D Koivisto
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
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4
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Mohammed Elgadi GS, Elsegood MRJ, Patel M, Netz PA, de Oliveira TE, Kimber MC. A Family of Bisnaphthyl C 2-Symmetric and Asymmetric Clefts: Synthesis, Solid-State Structure, and Calculation of the Interplanar Angle. J Org Chem 2023; 88:3965-3969. [PMID: 36854174 PMCID: PMC10028689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c03002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new family of naphthalenoid C2-symmetric clefts has been realized through a four-step synthetic sequence giving three C2-symmetric clefts and a rare nonsymmetric example. Subsequently, stereoselective reduction of the carbonyl groups at C-8 and C-16 then provides cleft molecules with hydrogen bonding potential. Using single-crystal X-ray and computational analysis, the cleft angle of the dione has been determined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark R J Elsegood
- The Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Loughborough University, LE11 3TU Loughborough, U.K
| | - Miheal Patel
- The Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Loughborough University, LE11 3TU Loughborough, U.K
| | - Paulo A Netz
- Grupo de Química Teórica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS CEP 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Tiago E de Oliveira
- Departmento de Farmacociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências de Saúde Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Marc C Kimber
- The Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Loughborough University, LE11 3TU Loughborough, U.K
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5
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Ivanov DS, Zaitseva ER, Smirnov AY, Baleeva NS, Baranov MS. Synthesis of 5,11-dialkyl-5,6,11,12-tetrahydro-6,12-epoxydibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocines from 2-alkylaminobenzaldehydes. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-022-03097-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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Mohan B, Estalayo-Adrián S, Umadevi D, la Cour Poulsen B, Blasco S, McManus GJ, Gunnlaugsson T, Shanmugaraju S. Design, Synthesis, and Anticancer Studies of a p-Cymene-Ru(II)-Curcumin Organometallic Conjugate Based on a Fluorescent 4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger's Base Scaffold. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:11592-11599. [PMID: 35857283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A unique V-shaped "chiral" supramolecular scaffold, N-(4-pyridyl)-4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger's base (TBNap), was synthesized in good yield from a precursor N-(4-pyridyl)-4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide (Nap). TBNap was characterized using different spectroscopic methods and the molecular structure was elucidated by diffraction analysis. A new p-cymene-Ru(II)-curcumin conjugate (TB-Ru-Cur) was designed by reacting TBNap dipyridyl donor and ruthenium-curcuminato acceptor [RuCur = (p-cymene)Ru-(curcuminato)Cl] in the presence of silver triflate. TB-Ru-Cur was isolated in quantitative yield and characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), NMR (1H, 13C, and 19F), and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and the molecular structure has been predicted using a computational study. Both TBNap and TB-Ru-Cur exhibited intramolecular charge transfer (ICT)-based fluorescence emission. Furthermore, the anticancer properties of TBNap, Ru-Cur, and TB-Ru-Cur were assessed in different cancer cell lines. Gratifyingly, the conjugate TB-Ru-Cur displayed fast-cellular internalization and good cytotoxicity against HeLa, HCT-116, and HepG2 cancer cells and the estimated IC50 value was much lower than that of the precursors (TBNap and Ru-Cur) and the well-known chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binduja Mohan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad 678557, Kerala, India
| | - Sandra Estalayo-Adrián
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2 D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Deivasigamani Umadevi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad 678557, Kerala, India
| | - Bjørn la Cour Poulsen
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2 D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Salvador Blasco
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Gavin J McManus
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2 D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2 D02 PN40, Ireland
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7
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Rani P, Lal K, Negi KS, Shrivastava R, Ghule VD. Synthesis, Characterization, Fluoride Ion Sensing and DFT Studies of Carbamate-Based Bistriazole. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2044866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Rani
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Kashmiri Lal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Khushal Singh Negi
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal University Jaipur, VPO-Dehmi Kalan, of Jaipur–Ajmer Expressway, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rahul Shrivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal University Jaipur, VPO-Dehmi Kalan, of Jaipur–Ajmer Expressway, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vikas D. Ghule
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, India
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8
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Cao T, Ma H. A two-photon lysosome-targeted probe for endogenous formaldehyde in living cells. RSC Adv 2022; 12:18093-18101. [PMID: 35800308 PMCID: PMC9208363 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02672d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A turn-on two-photon lysosome-targeted probe based on the ICT mechanism has been synthesized and was successfully used not only to monitor and image formaldehyde exogenously but also endogenously with excellent performance in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Cao
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials Ministry of Education, The School of Chemical and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, P. R. China
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, P. R. China
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9
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Abstract
Emergence of a captivating phenomenon aggregation induced emission (AIE) in the early years of 21st century attracted worldwide researchers. In the last two decades various novel AIE active biocompatible small molecules, macromolecules and polymers have been developed for diverse biomedical applications. Imaging of specific organelle such as mitochondria, ribosomes, nuclei and many others play important in the controlling and successful treatment of various diseases. Conventional luminescent probe molecules used in the imaging at cellular or subcellular level exhibit very weak emission on dispersion or on aggregation in aqueous media. AIE luminogens development is indispensable to overcome the notorious aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) issue inherited by conventional fluorophores. In the present chapter we mostly highlighted over one decade development of various AIE active luminogens utilized for imaging of cell nucleus, nucleon and nucleic acids. The development of those AIE luminogens exhibits promising results in the early diagnosis of cancer diseases.
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10
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Murphy SA, Phelan C, Shanmugaraju S, Blasco S, Gunnlaugsson T. Fluorescent 3-amino-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger’s bases (3-amino-TBNaps) incorporating protected α-amino acids. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Design concepts of half-sandwich organoruthenium anticancer agents based on bidentate bioactive ligands. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Murphy SA, Phelan CA, Veale EB, Kotova O, Comby S, Gunnlaugsson T. Fluorescent 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger's bases (TBNaps) possessing (orthogonal) 'α-amino acids', esters and di-peptides and their solvent dependent photophysical properties. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6817-6833. [PMID: 34308464 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00973g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of fifteen luminescent bis-naphthalimide based Tröger's bases (TBNaps) derived from 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide (4-Amino-Nap) precursors is described; these scaffolds possess α-amino acids, esters or di-peptides conjugated at the imide site and show minor fluorescence in aqueous solution while being highly emissive in organic solvents. The investigation shows that these TBNaps possessing ICT excited state properties are capable of generating either positive or negative solvatochromic effects in response to changes in polarity and/or the hydrogen bonding capabilities of the medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A Murphy
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Caroline A Phelan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Emma B Veale
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Oxana Kotova
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. and Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Steve Comby
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. and Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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13
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Michalak M, Bisek B, Nowacki M, Górecki M. Base-Catalyzed, Solvent-Free Synthesis of Rigid V-Shaped Epoxydibenzo[ b, f][1,5]diazocines. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8955-8969. [PMID: 34161097 PMCID: PMC8279491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A novel method for
the synthesis of epoxydibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocines exhibiting a V-shaped molecular
architecture is reported. The unique approach is based on unprecedented
base-catalyzed, solvent-free autocondensation and cross-condensation
of fluorinated o-aminophenones. The structure of
the newly synthesized diazocines was confirmed independently by X-ray
analysis and chiroptical methods. The rigidity of the diazocine scaffold
allowed for the separation of the racemate into single enantiomers
that proved to be thermally stable up to 140 °C. Furthermore,
the inertness of the diazocine scaffold was demonstrated by performing
a series of typical transformations, including transition metal-catalyzed
reactions, proceeding without affecting the bis-hemiaminal subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Michalak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Bisek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Nowacki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Górecki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Baig N, Shetty S, Moustafa MS, Al-Mousawi S, Alameddine B. Selective removal of toxic organic dyes using Trӧger base-containing sulfone copolymers made from a metal-free thiol-yne click reaction followed by oxidation. RSC Adv 2021; 11:21170-21178. [PMID: 35479362 PMCID: PMC9034147 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03783h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Three copolymers TCP1–3 bearing Trӧger's base (TB) units intercalated with various thioether groups were synthesized using a catalyst-free thiol-yne click reaction. TCP1–3 display excellent solubility in common organic solvents allowing for their structural, and photophysical characterization. The thioether groups in TCP1–3 were selectively oxidized into their respective sulfone derivatives under mild oxidation reaction conditions affording the postmodified copolymers TCP4–6. Investigation of organic dye uptake from water by TCP1–6 proved their efficiency as selective adsorbents removing up to 100% of the cationic dye methylene blue (MEB) when compared to anionic dyes, such as Congo red (CR), methyl orange (MO) and methyl blue (MB). The sulfone-containing copolymers TCP4–6 display superior and faster MEB removal efficiencies with respect to their corresponding synthons TCP1–3. Copolymers TCP1–3 with Trӧger's base units and aryl thioether groups were made via a click reaction. Selective oxidation of the thioethers into sulfone groups afforded TCP4–6 which display up to 100% removal efficiency of methylene blue from water.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Noorullah Baig
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology Kuwait +965 2530 7476.,Functional Materials Group, CAMB, GUST Kuwait
| | - Suchetha Shetty
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology Kuwait +965 2530 7476.,Functional Materials Group, CAMB, GUST Kuwait
| | | | | | - Bassam Alameddine
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology Kuwait +965 2530 7476.,Functional Materials Group, CAMB, GUST Kuwait
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15
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Lovitt JI, Umadevi D, Raja Lakshmi P, Twamley B, Gunnlaugsson T, Shanmugaraju S. Synthesis, structural characterization, antibiotics sensing and coordination chemistry of a fluorescent 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger’s base supramolecular scaffold. Supramol Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2021.1889551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- June I. Lovitt
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Synthesis and Solid-State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC) School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Deivasigamani Umadevi
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Pandi Raja Lakshmi
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Synthesis and Solid-State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC) School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- AMBER (Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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16
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Murphy SA, Kotova O, Comby S, Gunnlaugsson T. Fluorescent 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger’s bases possessing conjugated 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide moieties and their potential fullerenes Host-Guest complexes. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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17
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Four-component 1,4-addition Ugi reaction catalyzed by the Schiff base derived from Tröger's base and BINOL. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Elmes RBP, Ryan GJ, Erby ML, Frimannsson DO, Kitchen JA, Lawler M, Williams DC, Quinn SJ, Gunnlaugsson T. Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Profiling of Ruthenium(II)-Based 4-Nitro- and 4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide Conjugates. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:10874-10893. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert B. P. Elmes
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth W23 F2K8, County Kildare, Ireland
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Limerick, County Limerick, Ireland
| | - Gary J. Ryan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Maria Luisa Erby
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Daniel O. Frimannsson
- School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- School of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Jonathan A. Kitchen
- School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Computational Sciences, Massey University, Auckland 0745, New Zealand
| | - Mark Lawler
- Institute for Health Sciences, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland
| | - D. Clive Williams
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Susan J. Quinn
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Limerick, County Limerick, Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Limerick, County Limerick, Ireland
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19
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Ugi–Smiles and Ullmann reactions catalyzed by Schiff base derived from Tröger’s base and BINOL. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-020-04091-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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20
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Zhao Y, Chen K, Yildiz EA, Li S, Hou Y, Zhang X, Wang Z, Zhao J, Barbon A, Yaglioglu HG, Wu H. Efficient Intersystem Crossing in the Tröger's Base Derived From 4‐Amino‐1,8‐naphthalimide and Application as a Potent Photodynamic Therapy Reagent. Chemistry 2020; 26:3591-3599. [PMID: 31916322 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus 2 Ling Gong Road Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Kepeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus 2 Ling Gong Road Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Elif Akhuseyin Yildiz
- Department of Engineering PhysicsFaculty of EngineeringAnkara University 06100 Beşevler, Ankara Turkey
| | - Shujing Li
- School of Bioengineering &Key Laboratory of, Protein Modification and DiseaseDalian University of Technology Liaoning Province 116024 Dalian P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus 2 Ling Gong Road Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Xue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus 2 Ling Gong Road Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Zhijia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus 2 Ling Gong Road Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Jianzhang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus 2 Ling Gong Road Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Antonio Barbon
- Dipartimento di Scienze ChimicheUniversità degli Studi di Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Halime Gul Yaglioglu
- Department of Engineering PhysicsFaculty of EngineeringAnkara University 06100 Beşevler, Ankara Turkey
| | - Huijian Wu
- School of Bioengineering &Key Laboratory of, Protein Modification and DiseaseDalian University of Technology Liaoning Province 116024 Dalian P. R. China
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21
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22
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Shanmugaraju S, Umadevi D, González-Barcia LM, Delente JM, Byrne K, Schmitt W, Watson GW, Gunnlaugsson T. “Turn-on” fluorescence sensing of volatile organic compounds using a 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger's base functionalised triazine organic polymer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:12140-12143. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05585a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger's base functionalized triazine covalent organic polymer was synthesised and employed as a “turn-on” fluorescent sensor for the discriminative sensing of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankarasekaran Shanmugaraju
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Deivasigamani Umadevi
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Luis M. González-Barcia
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Jason M. Delente
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Kevin Byrne
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Wolfgang Schmitt
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Graeme W. Watson
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
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23
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Calatrava-Pérez E, Delente JM, Shanmugaraju S, Hawes CS, Williams CD, Gunnlaugsson T, Scanlan EM. Glycosylated naphthalimides and naphthalimide Tröger's bases as fluorescent aggregation probes for Con A. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2116-2125. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02980f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of glycosylated naphthalimide compounds and their application as fluorescent probes for Concanavalin A (Con A) lectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Calatrava-Pérez
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Jason M. Delente
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Sankarasekaran Shanmugaraju
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Chris S. Hawes
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Keele University
- Keele ST5 5BG
- UK
| | - Clive D. Williams
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
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24
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Poynton FE, Bright SA, Blasco S, Williams DC, Kelly JM, Gunnlaugsson T. The development of ruthenium(ii) polypyridyl complexes and conjugates for in vitro cellular and in vivo applications. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:7706-7756. [PMID: 29177281 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00680b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium(ii) [Ru(ii)] polypyridyl complexes have been the focus of intense investigations since work began exploring their supramolecular interactions with DNA. In recent years, there have been considerable efforts to translate this solution-based research into a biological environment with the intention of developing new classes of probes, luminescent imaging agents, therapeutics and theranostics. In only 10 years the field has expanded with diverse applications for these complexes as imaging agents and promising candidates for therapeutics. In light of these efforts this review exclusively focuses on the developments of these complexes in biological systems, both in cells and in vivo, and hopes to communicate to readers the diversity of applications within which these complexes have found use, as well as new insights gained along the way and challenges that researchers in this field still face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fergus E Poynton
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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25
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Synthesis, DNA Binding, and Anticancer Properties of Bis-Naphthalimide Derivatives with Lysine-Modified Polyamine Linkers. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020266. [PMID: 29382135 PMCID: PMC6017805 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of bis-naphthalimide derivatives with different diamine linkers were designed and synthesized. All of the synthesized bis-naphthalimide derivatives were characterized by NMR and HRMS spectra. The binding ability between the compounds and CT DNA was evaluated by using UV-Vis titration experiments. The bis-naphthalimide compound with an ethylenediamine linker showed the largest binding constant with CT DNA. Hence, it was used as the model compound to study the DNA binding selectivity by UV-Vis titration aiming at different DNA duplexes. As a result, this compound showed binding preference to AT-rich duplexes. The DNA binding modes of the compounds were also measured by viscosity titration. The cytotoxicity of the compounds was evaluated by MTT assay. Compounds with 1,6-diaminohexane or 1,4-phenylenedimethanamine linkers showed higher cytotoxicity compared with other bis-naphthalimide derivatives.
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26
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Shanmugaraju S, la Cour Poulsen B, Arisa T, Umadevi D, Dalton HL, Hawes CS, Estalayo-Adrián S, Savyasachi AJ, Watson GW, Williams DC, Gunnlaugsson T. Synthesis, structural characterisation and antiproliferative activity of a new fluorescent 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger's base–Ru(ii)–curcumin organometallic conjugate. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:4120-4123. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01584h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biological investigation of a new Tröger's base–Ru(ii)–curcumin conjugate is described.
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27
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Mao S, Shen K, Shi X, Xu Y, Wu H. Synthesis, crystal structures, and biological properties of a new naphthalimide Schiff base and its copper(II) complex. J COORD CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2017.1407409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Mao
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kesheng Shen
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xinkui Shi
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuling Xu
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Huilu Wu
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
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28
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Sepay N, Guha C, Maity S, Mallik AK. Synthesis of 6,12-Methanobenzo[d]pyrano[3,4-g][1,3]dioxocin-1(12H)-ones and Study of Their Interaction with DNA and β-Lactoglobulin. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nayim Sepay
- Department of Chemistry; Jadavpur University; 700032 Kolkata India
| | - Chayan Guha
- Department of Chemistry; Jadavpur University; 700032 Kolkata India
| | - Sanhita Maity
- Department of Chemistry; Jadavpur University; 700032 Kolkata India
| | - Asok K. Mallik
- Department of Chemistry; Jadavpur University; 700032 Kolkata India
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29
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Saini A, Thomas KRJ, Sachdev A, Gopinath P. Photophysics, Electrochemistry, Morphology, and Bioimaging Applications of New 1,8-Naphthalimide Derivatives Containing Different Chromophores. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:2612-2622. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Saini
- Organic Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Roorkee 247 667 India
| | - K. R. Justin Thomas
- Organic Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Roorkee 247 667 India
| | - Abhay Sachdev
- Centre of Nanotechnology and Department of Biotechnology; Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Roorkee 247 667 India
| | - Packirisamy Gopinath
- Centre of Nanotechnology and Department of Biotechnology; Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Roorkee 247 667 India
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30
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Ao X, Bright SA, Taylor NC, Elmes RBP. 2-Nitroimidazole based fluorescent probes for nitroreductase; monitoring reductive stress in cellulo. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:6104-6108. [PMID: 28715020 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01406f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Two 2-nitroimidazole-1,8-naphthalimide conjugates, 1 and 2, have been synthesised as fluorescence probes for the detection of reductive stress in HeLa cells. The 4-substituted derivative 1 was shown to act as a highly sensitive and selective substrate for nitroreductase where it exhibited a clear blue to green ratiometric fluorescence response visible to the naked eye. Moreover, biological studies demonstrated 1 could be activated in cellulo where the impact of reductive stress was easily monitored using confocal microscopy and flow cytommetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Ao
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, National, University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
| | - S A Bright
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity, College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - N C Taylor
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity, College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - R B P Elmes
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, National, University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
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31
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Tandon R, Luxami V, Kaur H, Tandon N, Paul K. 1,8-Naphthalimide: A Potent DNA Intercalator and Target for Cancer Therapy. CHEM REC 2017; 17:956-993. [PMID: 28375569 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The poor pharmacokinetics, side effects and particularly the rapid emergence of drug resistance compromise the efficiency of clinically used anticancer drugs. Therefore, the discovery of novel and effective drugs is still an extremely primary mission. Naphthalimide family is one of the highly active anticancer drug based upon effective intercalator with DNA. In this article, we review the discovery and development of 1,8-naphthalimide moiety, and, especially, pay much attention to the structural modifications and structure activity relationships. The review demonstrates how modulation of the moiety affecting naphthalimide compound for DNA binding that is achieved to afford a profile of antitumor activity. The DNA binding of imide and ring substitution at naphthalimide, bisnaphthalimide, naphthalimide-metal complexes is achieved by molecular recognition through intercalation mode. Thus, this synthetic/natural small molecule can act as a drug when activation or inhibition of DNA function, is required to cure or control the cancer disease. The present study is a review of the advances in 1,8-naphthalimide-related research, with a focus on how such derivatives are intercalated into DNA for their anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runjhun Tandon
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Lovely, Professional University, Phagwara-, 144411, India
| | - Vijay Luxami
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar University, Patiala-, 147004, India
| | - Harsovin Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Lovely, Professional University, Phagwara-, 144411, India
| | - Nitin Tandon
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Lovely, Professional University, Phagwara-, 144411, India
| | - Kamaldeep Paul
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar University, Patiala-, 147004, India
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32
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Shanmugaraju S, Dabadie C, Byrne K, Savyasachi AJ, Umadevi D, Schmitt W, Kitchen JA, Gunnlaugsson T. A supramolecular Tröger's base derived coordination zinc polymer for fluorescent sensing of phenolic-nitroaromatic explosives in water. Chem Sci 2017; 8:1535-1546. [PMID: 28572910 PMCID: PMC5452275 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc04367d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A V-Shaped 4-amino-1,8-napthalimide derived tetracarboxylic acid linker (L; bis-[N-(1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid)]-9,18-methano-1,8-naphthalimide-[b,f][1,5]diazocine) comprising the Tröger's base (TB) structural motif was rationally designed and synthesised to access a nitrogen-rich fluorescent supramolecular coordination polymer. By adopting the straight forward precipitation method, a new luminescent nanoscale Zn(ii) coordination polymer (TB-Zn-CP) was synthesized in quantitative yield using Zn(OAc)2·2H2O and tetraacid linker L (1 : 0.5) in DMF at room temperature. The phase-purity of as-synthesised TB-Zn-CP was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction analysis, infra-red spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis suggests that TB-Zn-CP is thermally stable up to 330 °C and the morphological features of TB-Zn-CP was analysed by SEM and AFM techniques. The N2 adsorption isotherm of thermally activated TB-Zn-CP at 77 K revealed a type-II reversible adsorption isotherm and the calculated Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area was found to be 72 m2 g-1. Furthermore, TB-Zn-CP displayed an excellent CO2 uptake capacity of 76 mg g-1 at 273 K and good adsorption selectivity for CO2 over N2 and H2. The aqueous suspension of as-synthesized TB-Zn-CP showed strong green fluorescence (λmax = 520 nm) characteristics due to the internal-charge transfer (ICT) transition and was used as a fluorescent sensor for the discriminative sensing of nitroaromatic explosives. The aqueous suspension of TB-Zn-CP showed the largest quenching responses with high selectivity for phenolic-nitroaromatics (4-NP, 2,4-DNP and PA) even in the concurrent presence of other potentially competing nitroaromatic analytes. The fluorescence titration studies also provide evidence that TB-Zn-CP detects picric acid as low as the parts per billion (26.3 ppb) range. Furthermore, the observed fluorescence quenching responses of TB-Zn-CP towards picric acid were highly reversible. The highly selective fluorescence quenching responses including the reversible detection efficiency make the nanoscale coordination polymer TB-Zn-CP a potential material for the discriminative fluorescent sensing of nitroaromatic explosives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankarasekaran Shanmugaraju
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) , Trinity College Dublin , The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland . ;
| | - Charlyne Dabadie
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) , Trinity College Dublin , The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland . ;
| | - Kevin Byrne
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) , Trinity College Dublin , The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Aramballi J Savyasachi
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) , Trinity College Dublin , The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland . ;
| | - Deivasigamani Umadevi
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) , Trinity College Dublin , The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland . ;
| | - Wolfgang Schmitt
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) , Trinity College Dublin , The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Jonathan A Kitchen
- Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences , University of Southampton-Highfield , Southampton , SO17 1BJ , UK
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) , Trinity College Dublin , The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland . ;
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33
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Lovitt JI, Hawes CS, Lynes AD, Haffner B, Möbius ME, Gunnlaugsson T. Coordination chemistry of N-picolyl-1,8-naphthalimides: colourful low molecular weight metallo-gelators and unique chelation behaviours. Inorg Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qi00498a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A family of N-picolyl-1,8-napthalimide ligands display fascinating coordination chemistry and produce a series of robust and chemically responsive supramolecular metallo-gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- June I. Lovitt
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Chris S. Hawes
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Amy D. Lynes
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Benjamin Haffner
- School of Physics
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Matthias E. Möbius
- School of Physics
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
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34
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Shanmugaraju S, McAdams D, Pancotti F, Hawes CS, Veale EB, Kitchen JA, Gunnlaugsson T. One-pot facile synthesis of 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide derived Tröger's bases via a nucleophilic displacement approach. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:7321-7329. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01835e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We report here a novel one-pot synthetic strategy for the synthesis of a family of N-alkyl-1,8-naphthalimide derived Tröger's bases (in overall yield of 65–96%) via a nucleophilic substitution reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankarasekaran Shanmugaraju
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Deirdre McAdams
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Francesca Pancotti
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Chris S. Hawes
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Emma B. Veale
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Jonathan A. Kitchen
- Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences
- University of Southampton-Highfield
- Southampton
- UK
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
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35
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Sawatzky E, Drakopoulos A, Rölz M, Sotriffer C, Engels B, Decker M. Experimental and theoretical investigations into the stability of cyclic aminals. Beilstein J Org Chem 2016; 12:2280-2292. [PMID: 28144295 PMCID: PMC5238614 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cyclic aminals are core features of natural products, drug molecules and important synthetic intermediates. Despite their relevance, systematic investigations into their stability towards hydrolysis depending on the pH value are lacking. Results: A set of cyclic aminals was synthesized and their stability quantified by kinetic measurements. Steric and electronic effects were investigated by choosing appropriate groups. Both molecular mechanics (MM) and density functional theory (DFT) based studies were applied to support and explain the results obtained. Rapid decomposition is observed in acidic aqueous media for all cyclic aminals which occurs as a reversible reaction. Electronic effects do not seem relevant with regard to stability, but the magnitude of the conformational energy of the ring system and pKa values of the N-3 nitrogen atom. Conclusion: Cyclic aminals are stable compounds when not exposed to acidic media and their stability is mainly dependent on the conformational energy of the ring system. Therefore, for the preparation and work-up of these valuable synthetic intermediates and natural products, appropriate conditions have to be chosen and for application as drug molecules their sensitivity towards hydrolysis has to be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Sawatzky
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antonios Drakopoulos
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Rölz
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Sotriffer
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Straße 42, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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36
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Hawes CS, Byrne K, Schmitt W, Gunnlaugsson T. Flexible Porous Coordination Polymers from Divergent Photoluminescent 4-Oxo-1,8-naphthalimide Ligands. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:11570-11582. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chris S. Hawes
- School
of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) and ‡School of Chemistry
and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices
(CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Kevin Byrne
- School
of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) and ‡School of Chemistry
and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices
(CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Wolfgang Schmitt
- School
of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) and ‡School of Chemistry
and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices
(CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School
of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) and ‡School of Chemistry
and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices
(CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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37
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Yuan R, Li MQ, Xu JB, Huang SY, Zhou SL, Zhang P, Liu JJ, Wu H. Synthesis and optical properties of novel Tröger's base derivatives. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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38
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Martínez-Quiroz M, Ochoa-Terán A, Pina-Luis G, Santacruz Ortega H. Photoinduced electron transfer in N,N-bis(pyridylmethyl)naphthalenediimides: study of their potential as pH chemosensors. Supramol Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2016.1162905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adrián Ochoa-Terán
- Centro de Graduados e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Tijuana, México
| | - Georgina Pina-Luis
- Centro de Graduados e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Tijuana, México
| | - Hisila Santacruz Ortega
- Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, México
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39
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Landey-Álvarez MA, Ochoa-Terán A, Pina-Luis G, Martínez-Quiroz M, Aguilar-Martínez M, Elías-García J, Miranda-Soto V, Ramírez JZ, Machi-Lara L, Labastida-Galván V, Ordoñez M. Novel naphthalimide–aminobenzamide dyads as OFF/ON fluorescent supramolecular receptors in metal ion binding. Supramol Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2016.1149180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco A. Landey-Álvarez
- Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Tijuana, Mexico
| | - Adrián Ochoa-Terán
- Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Tijuana, Mexico
| | - Georgina Pina-Luis
- Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Tijuana, Mexico
| | - Marisela Martínez-Quiroz
- Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Tijuana, Mexico
| | | | - José Elías-García
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Valentín Miranda-Soto
- Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Tijuana, Mexico
| | - José-Zeferino Ramírez
- Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Lorena Machi-Lara
- Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Victoria Labastida-Galván
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas-(IICBA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Mario Ordoñez
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas-(IICBA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
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40
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Li W, Michinobu T. Tröger's Base-Containing Aromatic Polymers with Unexpected Properties Endowed by the Insertion of Alkyne Spacers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201500494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Michinobu
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
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41
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Wang KR, Qian F, Sun Q, Ma CL, Rong RX, Cao ZR, Wang XM, Li XL. Substituent Effects on Cytotoxic Activity, Spectroscopic Property, and DNA Binding Property of Naphthalimide Derivatives. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 87:664-72. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Rang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province; College of Chemistry and Environmental Science; Hebei University; Baoding 071002 China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education; Baoding 071002 China
| | - Feng Qian
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province; College of Chemistry and Environmental Science; Hebei University; Baoding 071002 China
| | - Qian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province; College of Chemistry and Environmental Science; Hebei University; Baoding 071002 China
| | - Cui-Lan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province; College of Chemistry and Environmental Science; Hebei University; Baoding 071002 China
| | - Rui-Xue Rong
- Department of Immunology; School of Basic Medical Science; Hebei University; Baoding China
| | - Zhi-Ran Cao
- Department of Immunology; School of Basic Medical Science; Hebei University; Baoding China
| | - Xiao-Man Wang
- Department of Immunology; School of Basic Medical Science; Hebei University; Baoding China
| | - Xiao-Liu Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province; College of Chemistry and Environmental Science; Hebei University; Baoding 071002 China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education; Baoding 071002 China
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42
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Martínez-Calvo M, Orange KN, Elmes RBP, la Cour Poulsen B, Williams DC, Gunnlaugsson T. Ru(II)-polypyridyl surface functionalised gold nanoparticles as DNA targeting supramolecular structures and luminescent cellular imaging agents. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:563-74. [PMID: 26647086 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05598a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The development of Ru(II) functionalized gold nanoparticles 1–3·AuNP is described. These systems were found to be mono-disperse with a hydrodynamic radius of ca. 15 nm in water but gave rise to the formation of higher order structures in buffered solution. The interaction of 1–3·AuNP with DNA was also studied by spectroscopic and microscopic methods and suggested the formation of large self-assembly structures in solution. The uptake of 1–3·AuNP by cancer cells was studied using both confocal fluorescence as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), with the aim of investigating their potential as tools for cellular biology. These systems displaying a non-toxic profile with favourable photophysical properties may have application across various biological fields including diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Martínez-Calvo
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Kim N Orange
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Robert B P Elmes
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. and Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Bjørn la Cour Poulsen
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - D Clive Williams
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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43
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Singla P, Luxami V, Paul K. Triazine–benzimidazole conjugates: synthesis, spectroscopic and molecular modelling studies for interaction with calf thymus DNA. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24001h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Triazine–benzimidazole analogues with different substitutions of primary and secondary amines as well as aryl groups were synthesized and studied their interactions with calf thymus DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prinka Singla
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Thapar University
- Patiala-147004
- India
| | - Vijay Luxami
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Thapar University
- Patiala-147004
- India
| | - Kamaldeep Paul
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Thapar University
- Patiala-147004
- India
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44
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Gaur P, Kumar A, Bhattacharyya S, Ghosh S. Biomolecular recognition at the cellular level: geometrical and chemical functionality dependence of a low phototoxic cationic probe for DNA imaging. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:4895-4900. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb00787b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Potential application of a biocompatible and low phototoxic cationic stain with semilunar geometry for longer duration visualization of cellular DNA is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Gaur
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Mandi
- Mandi-175001
- India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Biophysics
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
- Chandigarh-160012
- India
| | - Shalmoli Bhattacharyya
- Department of Biophysics
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
- Chandigarh-160012
- India
| | - Subrata Ghosh
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Mandi
- Mandi-175001
- India
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45
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Reddy MB, Reddy PG, Shailaja M, Manjula A, Rao TP. CuI-catalyzed amination of Tröger's base halides: a convenient method for synthesis of unsymmetrical Tröger's bases. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21437a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A convenient and efficient Ullmann type copper catalyzed amination method has been developed for direct amination of halogen substituted Tröger's base analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manda Bhaskar Reddy
- Crop Protection Chemicals Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Potuganti Gal Reddy
- Crop Protection Chemicals Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Myadaraboina Shailaja
- Crop Protection Chemicals Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Alla Manjula
- Crop Protection Chemicals Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Tadikamalla Prabhakar Rao
- Centre for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Structural Chemistry
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad
- India
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46
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Reduction of 4-azidonaphthalimide with different phosphine ligands and exploration of their spectroscopic properties. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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47
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Synthesis and molecular assembly of benzenoid ring-mounted U-shaped septuple-bridged [7,7]orthocyclophanes walled by cofacial quinoxaline rings. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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48
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Bingi C, Kale A, Nanubolu JB, Atmakur K. Acid promoted synthesis of cyclic 1,3-dione fused symmetrical 2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23706h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of symmetrical 2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes (4) is accomplished by the reaction of β-enamino ketones (1) and 1,3-cyclohexanediones (2) in AcOH. However, the presence of TFA in toluene gave xanthenes (5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjeevi Bingi
- Division of Crop Protection Chemicals
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Ashok Kale
- Division of Crop Protection Chemicals
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu
- Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Krishnaiah Atmakur
- Division of Crop Protection Chemicals
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
- AcSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
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49
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Ryan GJ, Poynton FE, Elmes RBP, Erby M, Williams DC, Quinn SJ, Gunnlaugsson T. Unexpected DNA binding properties with correlated downstream biological applications in mono vs. bis-1,8-naphthalimide Ru(ii)-polypyridyl conjugates. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:16332-44. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00360a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of two 1,8-napthalimide-conjugated Ru(ii)-polypyridyl complexes which exhibit different DNA binding and photocleavage behavior is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary J. Ryan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Fergus E. Poynton
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Robert B. P. Elmes
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Marialuisa Erby
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology
- and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - D. Clive Williams
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology
- and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Susan J. Quinn
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- University College Dublin
- Dublin 4
- Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
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50
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Nath JK, Baruah JB. Cyclic aromatic imides as a potential class of molecules for supramolecular interactions. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce01485a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Prospects of stacking interactions of imides beneficial to generation of new soft materials are projected by analysing examples of primary building blocks that provide a basis for understanding at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta K. Nath
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039, India
| | - Jubaraj B. Baruah
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039, India
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